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Graham JP, Zhang Y, He L, Gonzalez-Fernandez T. CRISPR-GEM: A Novel Machine Learning Model for CRISPR Genetic Target Discovery and Evaluation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.07.01.601587. [PMID: 39005295 PMCID: PMC11244939 DOI: 10.1101/2024.07.01.601587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
CRISPR gene editing strategies are shaping cell therapies through precise and tunable control over gene expression. However, achieving reliable therapeutic effects with improved safety and efficacy requires informed target gene selection. This depends on a thorough understanding of the involvement of target genes in gene regulatory networks (GRNs) that regulate cell phenotype and function. Machine learning models have been previously used for GRN reconstruction using RNA-seq data, but current techniques are limited to single cell types and focus mainly on transcription factors. This restriction overlooks many potential CRISPR target genes, such as those encoding extracellular matrix components, growth factors, and signaling molecules, thus limiting the applicability of these models for CRISPR strategies. To address these limitations, we have developed CRISPR-GEM, a multi-layer perceptron (MLP)-based synthetic GRN constructed to accurately predict the downstream effects of CRISPR gene editing. First, input and output nodes are identified as differentially expressed genes between defined experimental and target cell/tissue types respectively. Then, MLP training learns regulatory relationships in a black-box approach allowing accurate prediction of output gene expression using only input gene expression. Finally, CRISPR-mimetic perturbations are made to each input gene individually and the resulting model predictions are compared to those for the target group to score and assess each input gene as a CRISPR candidate. The top scoring genes provided by CRISPR-GEM therefore best modulate experimental group GRNs to motivate transcriptomic shifts towards a target group phenotype. This machine learning model is the first of its kind for predicting optimal CRISPR target genes and serves as a powerful tool for enhanced CRISPR strategies across a range of cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh P Graham
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Lifang He
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Lehigh University, Bethlehem, PA, USA
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2
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Wen ZQ, Lin J, Xie WQ, Shan YH, Zhen GH, Li YS. Insights into the underlying pathogenesis and therapeutic potential of endoplasmic reticulum stress in degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. Mil Med Res 2023; 10:54. [PMID: 37941072 PMCID: PMC10634069 DOI: 10.1186/s40779-023-00485-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Degenerative musculoskeletal diseases are structural and functional failures of the musculoskeletal system, including osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD), and sarcopenia. As the global population ages, degenerative musculoskeletal diseases are becoming more prevalent. However, the pathogenesis of degenerative musculoskeletal diseases is not fully understood. Previous studies have revealed that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is a stress response that occurs when impairment of the protein folding capacity of the ER leads to the accumulation of misfolded or unfolded proteins in the ER, contributing to degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. By affecting cartilage degeneration, synovitis, meniscal lesion, subchondral bone remodeling of osteoarthritis, bone remodeling and angiogenesis of osteoporosis, nucleus pulposus degeneration, annulus fibrosus rupture, cartilaginous endplate degeneration of IVDD, and sarcopenia, ER stress is involved in the pathogenesis of degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. Preclinical studies have found that regulation of ER stress can delay the progression of multiple degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. These pilot studies provide foundations for further evaluation of the feasibility, efficacy, and safety of ER stress modulators in the treatment of musculoskeletal degenerative diseases in clinical trials. In this review, we have integrated up-to-date research findings of ER stress into the pathogenesis of degenerative musculoskeletal diseases. In a future perspective, we have also discussed possible directions of ER stress in the investigation of degenerative musculoskeletal disease, potential therapeutic strategies for degenerative musculoskeletal diseases using ER stress modulators, as well as underlying challenges and obstacles in bench-to-beside research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Qin Wen
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Dushu Lake Hospital, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Medical Center of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215001, China
| | - Wen-Qing Xie
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Yun-Han Shan
- Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, 410013, China
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Ge-Hua Zhen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
| | - Yu-Sheng Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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3
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Liang L, Zhang F, Feng N, Kuang B, Fan M, Chen C, Pan Y, Zhou P, Geng N, Li X, Xian M, Deng L, Li X, Kuang L, Luo F, Tan Q, Xie Y, Guo F. IRE1α protects against osteoarthritis by regulating progranulin-dependent XBP1 splicing and collagen homeostasis. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:2376-2389. [PMID: 37907740 PMCID: PMC10689778 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01106-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a full-joint, multifactorial, degenerative and inflammatory disease that seriously affects the quality of life of patients due to its disabling and pain-causing properties. ER stress has been reported to be closely related to the progression of OA. The inositol-requiring enzyme 1α/X-box-binding protein-1 spliced (IRE1α/XBP1s) pathway, which is highly expressed in the chondrocytes of OA patients, promotes the degradation and refolding of abnormal proteins during ER stress and maintains the stability of the ER environment of chondrocytes, but its function and the underlying mechanisms of how it contributes to the progression of OA remain unclear. This study investigates the role of IRE1α/ERN1 in OA. Specific deficiency of ERN1 in chondrocytes spontaneously resulted in OA-like cartilage destruction and accelerated OA progression in a surgically induced arthritis model. Local delivery of AdERN1 relieved degradation of the cartilage matrix and prevented OA development in an ACLT-mediated model. Mechanistically, progranulin (PGRN), an intracellular chaperone, binds to IRE1α, promoting its phosphorylation and splicing of XBP1u to generate XBP1s. XBP1s protects articular cartilage through TNF-α/ERK1/2 signaling and further maintains collagen homeostasis by regulating type II collagen expression. The chondroprotective effect of IRE1α/ERN1 is dependent on PGRN and XBP1s splicing. ERN1 deficiency accelerated cartilage degeneration in OA by reducing PGRN expression and XBP1s splicing, subsequently decreasing collagen II expression and triggering collagen structural abnormalities and an imbalance in collagen homeostasis. This study provides new insights into OA pathogenesis and the UPR and suggests that IRE1α/ERN1 may serve as a potential target for the treatment of joint degenerative diseases, including OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liang
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengmei Zhang
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Naibo Feng
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Biao Kuang
- Department of Orthopedics, The 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400072, Chongqing, China
| | - Mengtian Fan
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Yiming Pan
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Pengfei Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Nana Geng
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xingyue Li
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Menglin Xian
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Lin Deng
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Kuang
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair (CBMR), State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengtao Luo
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair (CBMR), State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoyan Tan
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair (CBMR), State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangli Xie
- Department of Wound Repair and Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair (CBMR), State Key Laboratory of Trauma and Chemical Poisoning, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, 400042, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengjin Guo
- Laboratory of Developmental Biology, Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, 400016, Chongqing, China.
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Yuxiong W, Faping L, Bin L, Yanghe Z, Yao L, Yunkuo L, Yishu W, Honglan Z. Regulatory mechanisms of the cAMP-responsive element binding protein 3 (CREB3) family in cancers. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 166:115335. [PMID: 37595431 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The CREB3 family of proteins, encompassing CREB3 and its four homologs (CREB3L1, CREB3L2, CREB3L3, and CREB3L4), exerts pivotal control over cellular protein metabolism in response to unfolded protein reactions. Under conditions of endoplasmic reticulum stress, activation of the CREB3 family occurs through regulated intramembrane proteolysis within the endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Perturbations in the function and expression of the CREB3 family have been closely associated with the development of diverse diseases, with a particular emphasis on cancer. Recent investigations have shed light on the indispensable role played by CREB3 family members in modulating the onset and progression of various human cancers. This comprehensive review endeavors to provide an in-depth examination of the involvement of CREB3 family members in distinct human cancer types, accentuating their significance in the pathogenesis of cancer and the manifestation of malignant phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yuxiong
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130011, China
| | - Li Faping
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130011, China
| | - Liu Bin
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130011, China
| | - Zhang Yanghe
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130011, China
| | - Li Yao
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130011, China
| | - Li Yunkuo
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130011, China
| | - Wang Yishu
- Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, Jilin University, Changchun 130011, China.
| | - Zhou Honglan
- Department of Urology II, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130011, China,.
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Hayashi S, Yamaguchi T, Kosho T, Igawa K. Case report: Mild phenotype of a patient with vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and COL3A1 duplication mutation without alteration in the [Gly-X-Y] repeat sequence. Front Genet 2022; 13:1017446. [PMID: 36468001 PMCID: PMC9716096 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1017446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Vascular-type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS) is an autosomal dominant inherited disorder caused by a deficit in collagen III as a result of heterogeneous mutations in the α1 type III collagen gene (COL3A1). Patients with vEDS often experience the first major complications in their early 20s and >80% have at least one complication by their 40s, reducing their average life expectancy to 48 years. Most commonly, vEDS variants are heterozygous missense substitutions of a base-pair encoding a glycine (Gly) residue of the [Gly-X-Y] repeat of the COL3A1 protein. When a peptide chain derived from a mutant allele is present in the procollagen triple helical structure, the helical structure cannot be maintained. Therefore, typically, the mutated collagen peptide induces a dominant negative effect on procollagen production. We reported the case of a patient with vEDS and a unique novel duplication mutation without alteration in the [Gly-X-Y] triplet repeat sequence. Case presentation: A 58-year-old man developed a sudden disorder of consciousness and abdominal pain and was consequently taken to a nearby hospital, where an intra-abdominal aneurysm was found, in addition to mild small joint hypermobility and acrogeria. There has been no history of spontaneous pneumothorax, dislocation, or subcutaneous hematoma. The analysis of genomic DNA from a blood sample identified a likely pathogenic in-frame duplication mutation in the COL3A1 gene coding region. Interestingly, this mutation is not expected to alter the [Gly-X-Y] triplet repeat sequence. We verified the mutation's pathogenicity by performing an analysis of synthetic procollagen from cultured skin fibroblasts, electron microscopy, and mRNA expression analysis of unfolded protein response sensors for endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Conclusion: Although the clinical findings of the case were mild, when compared to typical vEDS, decreased α1 collagen III levels and morphological abnormalities of the collagenous bundles were observed in the patient samples when compared with the normal control samples. Our evidence supports the conclusion that this variant is pathogenic. However, unlike the common vEDS, ER stress was not observed, and the mild phenotype presentation was suggested to be due to the unique mutation, allowing the triple helical structure to be maintained to a certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujiro Hayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Tomomi Yamaguchi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
- Division of Clinical Sequencing, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kosho
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan
- Division of Clinical Sequencing, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- Research Center for Supports to Advanced Science, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Ken Igawa
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
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Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides alleviate endoplasmic reticulum stress in osteoarthritis via lncRNA NEAT1/miR-377-3p pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 154:113551. [PMID: 35988424 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) has been identified to be an important factor leading to chondrocyte apoptosis in osteoarthritis (OA). Previous studies have confirmed that Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides (ABPS) can inhibit chondrocyte apoptosis; however, the mechanism of action of ABPS on chondrocyte ERS remains unclear. Thus in this study, we aim to investigate whether ABPS could inhibit OA-associated chondrocyte apoptosis by regulating ERS, especially by observing the relationship between the lncRNA NEAT1 and miR-377-3p, to explore further the protective mechanism of ABPS in OA. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that ABPS inhibited chondrocyte ERS by regulating the expression of lncRNA NEAT1 and miR-377-3p. Moreover, both lncRNA NEAT1 silencing and miR-377-3p inhibition could attenuate the therapeutic effect of ABPS on ERS. Dual-luciferase results indicated that miR-377-3p targets the lncRNA NEAT1 gene in mouse chondrocytes. Therefore, we concluded that ABPS could inhibit thapsigargin (TG)-induced chondrocyte ERS through the lncRNA NEAT1/miR-377-3p axis.
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Varela-Eirín M, Carpintero-Fernández P, Guitián-Caamaño A, Varela-Vázquez A, García-Yuste A, Sánchez-Temprano A, Bravo-López SB, Yañez-Cabanas J, Fonseca E, Largo R, Mobasheri A, Caeiro JR, Mayán MD. Extracellular vesicles enriched in connexin 43 promote a senescent phenotype in bone and synovial cells contributing to osteoarthritis progression. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:681. [PMID: 35931686 PMCID: PMC9355945 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05089-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The accumulation of senescent cells is a key characteristic of aging, leading to the progression of age-related diseases such as osteoarthritis (OA). Previous data from our laboratory has demonstrated that high levels of the transmembrane protein connexin 43 (Cx43) are associated with a senescent phenotype in chondrocytes from osteoarthritic cartilage. OA has been reclassified as a musculoskeletal disease characterized by the breakdown of the articular cartilage affecting the whole joint, subchondral bone, synovium, ligaments, tendons and muscles. However, the mechanisms that contribute to the spread of pathogenic factors throughout the joint tissues are still unknown. Here, we show for the first time that small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) released by human OA-derived chondrocytes contain high levels of Cx43 and induce a senescent phenotype in targeted chondrocytes, synovial and bone cells contributing to the formation of an inflammatory and degenerative joint environment by the secretion of senescence-associated secretory associated phenotype (SASP) molecules, including IL-1ß and IL-6 and MMPs. The enrichment of Cx43 changes the protein profile and activity of the secreted sEVs. Our results indicate a dual role for sEVs containing Cx43 inducing senescence and activating cellular plasticity in target cells mediated by NF-kß and the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), inducing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) signalling programme and contributing to the loss of the fully differentiated phenotype. Our results demonstrated that Cx43-sEVs released by OA-derived chondrocytes spread senescence, inflammation and reprogramming factors involved in wound healing failure to neighbouring tissues, contributing to the progression of the disease among cartilage, synovium, and bone and probably from one joint to another. These results highlight the importance for future studies to consider sEVs positive for Cx43 as a new biomarker of disease progression and new target to treat OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Varela-Eirín
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535CellCOM Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain ,grid.4494.d0000 0000 9558 4598European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen (UMCG), University of Groningen (RUG), Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Paula Carpintero-Fernández
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535CellCOM Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Amanda Guitián-Caamaño
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535CellCOM Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Adrián Varela-Vázquez
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535CellCOM Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Alejandro García-Yuste
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535CellCOM Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Agustín Sánchez-Temprano
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535CellCOM Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Susana B. Bravo-López
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Proteomics Laboratory, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Yañez-Cabanas
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fonseca
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535CellCOM Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
| | - Raquel Largo
- grid.419651.e0000 0000 9538 1950Bone and Joint Research Unit, Rheumatology Department, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- grid.10858.340000 0001 0941 4873Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland ,grid.493509.2Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania ,grid.7692.a0000000090126352Departments of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands ,grid.412615.50000 0004 1803 6239Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China ,grid.4861.b0000 0001 0805 7253World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | - José Ramón Caeiro
- grid.11794.3a0000000109410645Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago de Compostela (CHUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela (USC), Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - María D. Mayán
- grid.8073.c0000 0001 2176 8535CellCOM Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Servizo Galego de Saúde (SERGAS), Universidade da Coruña (UDC), A Coruña, Spain
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Snäkä T, Bekkar A, Desponds C, Prével F, Claudinot S, Isorce N, Teixeira F, Grasset C, Xenarios I, Lopez-Mejia IC, Fajas L, Fasel N. Sex-Biased Control of Inflammation and Metabolism by a Mitochondrial Nod-Like Receptor. Front Immunol 2022; 13:882867. [PMID: 35651602 PMCID: PMC9150262 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.882867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria regulate steroid hormone synthesis, and in turn sex hormones regulate mitochondrial function for maintaining cellular homeostasis and controlling inflammation. This crosstalk can explain sex differences observed in several pathologies such as in metabolic or inflammatory disorders. Nod-like receptor X1 (NLRX1) is a mitochondria-associated innate receptor that could modulate metabolic functions and attenuates inflammatory responses. Here, we showed that in an infectious model with the human protozoan parasite, Leishmania guyanensis, NLRX1 attenuated inflammation in females but not in male mice. Analysis of infected female and male bone marrow derived macrophages showed both sex- and genotype-specific differences in both inflammatory and metabolic profiles with increased type I interferon production, mitochondrial respiration, and glycolytic rate in Nlrx1-deficient female BMDMs in comparison to wild-type cells, while no differences were observed between males. Transcriptomics of female and male BMDMs revealed an altered steroid hormone signaling in Nlrx1-deficient cells, and a “masculinization” of Nlrx1-deficient female BMDMs. Thus, our findings suggest that NLRX1 prevents uncontrolled inflammation and metabolism in females and therefore may contribute to the sex differences observed in infectious and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiia Snäkä
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Amel Bekkar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Chantal Desponds
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Florence Prével
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | | | - Nathalie Isorce
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Filipa Teixeira
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Coline Grasset
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Ioannis Xenarios
- Agora Center, Center Hospitalier Universitaire (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Lluis Fajas
- Center for Integrative Genomics, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Fasel
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Lausanne, Epalinges, Switzerland
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9
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Effects of cyclooxygenase and soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors on apoptosis of cultured primary equine chondrocytes. Res Vet Sci 2022; 147:44-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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10
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Comparison of the Usability of Eye Drop Aids and the Conventional Bottle. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10235658. [PMID: 34884360 PMCID: PMC8658337 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10235658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 11/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Eye drops are the most common route of administration for ophthalmic medications. Administering drops can be a major hurdle for patients, potentially resulting in noncompliance and treatment failure. The purpose of this study is to compare the efficacy and safety of two different aids and the conventional bottle for eye drop instillation; (2) Methods: An interventional crossover study involving standard eye drop bottle, Opticare aid and Autodrop aid. The study included healthy subjects without a history of regular eye drop use; (3) Results: Twenty-six subjects were enrolled. Of those subjects, 96% and 92% were able to assemble the eye drop bottle into the Autodrop and the Opticare aids, respectively. Subjective assessment indicated that Autodrop was significantly easier to assemble than Opticare (95% CI: -1.6802 to -0.1659, p = 0.02). When using either aid, there was no contamination of the bottle tip, which occurred in 46% of subjects when no aid was used (p = 0.0005). Fewer drops were expelled when using the conventional bottle as compared to the aids (p = 0.05 compared to Autodrop, p = 0.1 compared to Opticare); (4) Conclusions: Autodrop and Opticare can assist patients with eye drop placement. These aids completely prevented bottle tip contamination, which was frequently observed when the conventional bottle was used alone.
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11
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Celastrol promotes chondrocyte autophagy by regulating mTOR expression. Chin Med J (Engl) 2021; 135:92-94. [PMID: 34982057 PMCID: PMC8850825 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000001552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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12
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Elmazoglu Z, Aydın Bek Z, Saribas SG, Özoğul C, Goker B, Bitik B, Aktekin CN, Karasu Ç. S-Allylcysteine Inhibits Chondrocyte Inflammation to Reduce Human Osteoarthritis via Targeting RAGE, TLR4, JNK and Nrf2 Signaling: Comparison with Colchicine. Biochem Cell Biol 2021; 99:645-654. [PMID: 33930279 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2021-0004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Discovery of new pharmacological agents is needed to control the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) characterized by progressive joint cartilage damage. Human OA chondrocyte cultures (OAC) were either applied to S-Allyl cysteine (SAC), a sulfur-containing amino acid derivative, or colchicine, an ancient anti-inflammatory therapeutic, for 24 hours. SAC or colchicine did not change viability at 1 nM-10 µM but inhibited p-JNK/pan-JNK. While SAC seems to be more effective, both agents inhibited reactive oxygen species (ROS), 3-nitrotyrosine (3-NT), lipid-hydroperoxides (LPO), advanced lipoxidation end-products (ALEs as 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, HNE) and advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), and increased glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) and type-II-collagen (COL2). IL-1β, IL-6 and osteopontin (OPN) were more strongly inhibited by SAC than in colchicine. In contrast, TNF-α was inhibited only by SAC, and COX2 only by colchicine. Casp-1/ICE, GM-CSF, receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and toll-like receptors (TLR4) were inhibited by both agents, but bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) was partially inhibited by SAC while induced by colchicine. The nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) was induced by SAC; in contrast it was inhibited by colchicine. Although exerting opposite effects on TNF-α, COX2, BMP7 and Nrf2, SAC and colchicine exhibit anti-osteoarthritic properties in OAC by modulating redox sensitive inflammatory signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubeyir Elmazoglu
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, 64001, Medical Pharmacology, Ankara, BEŞEVLER, Turkey;
| | - Zehra Aydın Bek
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, 64001, Medical Pharmacology, Ankara, BEŞEVLER, Turkey;
| | - Sanem Gulistan Saribas
- Kirsehir Ahi Evran University, 187470, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Kirsehir, Kırşehir, Turkey;
| | - Candan Özoğul
- University of Kyrenia, 530180, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Girne, Girne, Cyprus;
| | - Berna Goker
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, 64001, Department of Rheumatology, Ankara, BEŞEVLER, Turkey;
| | - Berivan Bitik
- Ankara Training and Research Hospital, 162301, Ankara, Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Cem Nuri Aktekin
- Yildirim Beyazit University Faculty of Medicine, 442146, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ankara, Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Çimen Karasu
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, 64001, Medical Pharmacology, GAZI UNIVERSITY, FACULTY OF MEDICINE, DEPARTMENT OF MEDICAL PHARMACOLOGY, ANKARA, Ankara, BEŞEVLER, Turkey, 06500;
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13
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The Role of Unfolded Protein Response in Human Intervertebral Disc Degeneration: Perk and IRE1- α as Two Potential Therapeutic Targets. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:6492879. [PMID: 33833850 PMCID: PMC8016586 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6492879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation plays a key role in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). The association between inflammation and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress has been observed in many diseases. However, whether ER stress plays an important role in IDD remains unclear. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the expression of ER stress in IDD and at exploring the underlying mechanisms of IDD, ER stress, and inflammation. The expression of ER stress was activated in nucleus pulposus cells from patients who had IDD (D-NPCs) compared with patients without IDD (N-NPCs); and both the proliferation and synthesis capacity were decreased by inducer tunicamycin (Tm) and proinflammatory cytokines. Pretreatment of NPCs with 4-phenyl butyric acid (4-PBA) prevented the inflammatory cytokine-induced upregulation of unfolded protein response- (UPR-) related proteins and recovered cell synthetic ability. Furthermore, proinflammatory cytokine treatment significantly upregulated the expression of inositol-requiring protein 1 (IRE1-α) and protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase (PERK), but not activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). Finally, knockdown of IRE1-α and PERK also restored the biological activity of NPCs. Our findings identified that IRE1-α and PERK might be the potential targets for IDD treatment, which may help illustrate the underlying mechanism of ER stress in IDD.
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14
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Novais EJ, Choi H, Madhu V, Suyama K, Anjo SI, Manadas B, Shapiro IM, Salgado AJ, Risbud MV. Hypoxia and Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α Regulate Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Nucleus Pulposus Cells: Implications of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress for Extracellular Matrix Secretion. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2021; 191:487-502. [PMID: 33307037 PMCID: PMC7927276 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajpath.2020.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is shown to promote nucleus pulposus (NP) cell apoptosis and intervertebral disc degeneration. However, little is known about ER stress regulation by the hypoxic disc microenvironment and its contribution to extracellular matrix homeostasis. NP cells were cultured under hypoxia (1% partial pressure of oxygen) to assess ER stress status, and gain-of-function and loss-of-function approaches were used to assess the role of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α in this pathway. In addition, the contribution of ER stress induction on the NP cell secretome was assessed by a nontargeted quantitative proteomic analysis by sequential windowed data independent acquisition of the total high-resolution mass spectra-mass spectrometry. NP cells exhibited a lower ER stress burden under hypoxia. Knockdown of HIF-1α increased C/EBP homologous protein, protein kinase RNA-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK), and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) levels, whereas HIF-1α stabilization decreased the expression of ER stress markers Ddit3, Hsp5a, Atf6, and Eif2a. Interestingly, ER stress inducers tunicamycin and thapsigargin induced HIF-1α activity under hypoxia while promoting the unfolded protein response. NP cell secretome analysis demonstrated an impact of ER stress induction on extracellular matrix secretion, with decreases in collagens and cell adhesion-related proteins. Moreover, analysis of transcriptomic data of NP tissues from aged mice and degenerated human discs showed higher levels of unfolded protein response markers and decreased levels of matrix components. Our study shows, for the first time, that hypoxia and HIF-1α attenuate ER stress responses in NP cells, and ER stress promotes inefficient extracellular matrix secretion under hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuel J Novais
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics (ICVS/3B's) - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Hyowon Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Vedavathi Madhu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Kaori Suyama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara, Japan
| | - Sandra I Anjo
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Bruno Manadas
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Irving M Shapiro
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - António J Salgado
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal; Life and Health Sciences Research Institute/Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics (ICVS/3B's) - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Portugal
| | - Makarand V Risbud
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Graduate Program in Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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15
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Molecular and Cellular Effects of Chemical Chaperone-TUDCA on ER-Stressed NHAC-kn Human Articular Chondrocytes Cultured in Normoxic and Hypoxic Conditions. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040878. [PMID: 33562298 PMCID: PMC7915106 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is considered one of the most common arthritic diseases characterized by progressive degradation and abnormal remodeling of articular cartilage. Potential therapeutics for OA aim at restoring proper chondrocyte functioning and inhibiting apoptosis. Previous studies have demonstrated that tauroursodeoxycholic acid (TUDCA) showed anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic activity in many models of various diseases, acting mainly via alleviation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. However, little is known about cytoprotective effects of TUDCA on chondrocyte cells. The present study was designed to evaluate potential effects of TUDCA on interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tunicamycin (TNC)-stimulated NHAC-kn chondrocytes cultured in normoxic and hypoxic conditions. Our results showed that TUDCA alleviated ER stress in TNC-treated chondrocytes, as demonstrated by reduced CHOP expression; however, it was not effective enough to prevent apoptosis of NHAC-kn cells in either normoxia nor hypoxia. However, co-treatment with TUDCA alleviated inflammatory response induced by IL-1β, as shown by down regulation of Il-1β, Il-6, Il-8 and Cox2, and increased the expression of antioxidant enzyme Sod2. Additionally, TUDCA enhanced Col IIα expression in IL-1β- and TNC-stimulated cells, but only in normoxic conditions. Altogether, these results suggest that although TUDCA may display chondoprotective potential in ER-stressed cells, further analyses are still necessary to fully confirm its possible recommendation as potential candidate in OA therapy.
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16
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Ishikawa S, Kosho T, Kaminaga T, Miyamoto M, Hamasaki Y, Yoshihara S, Hayashi S, Igawa K. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and collagenous formation anomalies in vascular-type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome via electron microscopy. J Dermatol 2021; 48:481-485. [PMID: 33523542 DOI: 10.1111/1346-8138.15766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Vascular-type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (vEDS) is an autosomal-dominant inherited disorder caused by a deficit in collagen III. It results from heterogeneous mutations in the α1 collagen III gene (COL3A1) and is associated with life-threatening complications, even in younger patients. However, the details of the pathogenesis underlying the COL3A1 mutation causing vEDS remain unclear. Here, we focus on anomalies in collagen fiber size and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress response in patients with vEDS using electron microscopy (EM). We discovered that although the infants did not have vEDS, collagenous formations were similar to their samples in vEDS. Moreover, we examined the expression of activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) as an ER stress marker and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) as a binding partner protein for collagen fibrils in the dermis and COL3A1. The expression levels of ATF6 in the vEDS group were significantly higher than in infants and controls; COMP and COL3A1 levels were significantly lower. The fragile collagen fibrils in vEDS might form as a result of ER stress and that small, newly formed collagen fibrils may appear. This research revealed a novel prospect regarding an issue that has been unclear for a long time, which is the reason for the abnormal sizes of collagenous fibrils in vEDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Ishikawa
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Tomoki Kosho
- Department of Medical Genetics, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Center for Medical Genetics, Shinshu University Hospital, Matsumoto, Japan.,Division of Clinical Sequence, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan.,Research Center for Supports to Advanced Science, Shinshu University, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Tomoko Kaminaga
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Manabu Miyamoto
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Yoichiro Hamasaki
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Shigemi Yoshihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Shujiro Hayashi
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
| | - Ken Igawa
- Department of Dermatology, Dokkyo Medical University School of Medicine, Mibu, Japan
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17
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Meng X, Hou X, Wang P, Glessner JT, Qu HQ, March ME, Zhang S, Qi X, Zhu C, Nguyen K, Gao X, Li X, Liu Y, Zhou W, Zhang S, Li J, Sun Y, Yang J, Sleiman PMA, Xia Q, Hakonarson H, Li J. Association of novel rare coding variants with juvenile idiopathic arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2021; 80:626-631. [PMID: 33408077 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-218359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2020] [Revised: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common type of arthritis among children, but a few studies have investigated the contribution of rare variants to JIA. In this study, we aimed to identify rare coding variants associated with JIA for the genome-wide landscape. METHODS We established a rare variant calling and filtering pipeline and performed rare coding variant and gene-based association analyses on three RNA-seq datasets composed of 228 JIA patients in the Gene Expression Omnibus against different sets of controls, and further conducted replication in our whole-exome sequencing (WES) data of 56 JIA patients. Then we conducted differential gene expression analysis and assessed the impact of recurrent functional coding variants on gene expression and signalling pathway. RESULTS By the RNA-seq data, we identified variants in two genes reported in literature as JIA causal variants, as well as additional 63 recurrent rare coding variants seen only in JIA patients. Among the 44 recurrent rare variants found in polyarticular patients, 10 were replicated by our WES of patients with the same JIA subtype. Several genes with recurrent functional rare coding variants have also common variants associated with autoimmune diseases. We observed immune pathways enriched for the genes with rare coding variants and differentially expressed genes. CONCLUSION This study elucidated a novel landscape of recurrent rare coding variants in JIA patients and uncovered significant associations with JIA at the gene pathway level. The convergence of common variants and rare variants for autoimmune diseases is also highlighted in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyi Meng
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Hou
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Joseph T Glessner
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Hui-Qi Qu
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michael E March
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sipeng Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaohui Qi
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Chonggui Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kenny Nguyen
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Xinyi Gao
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiaoge Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Jinnan Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yichuan Liu
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Wentao Zhou
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shuyue Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junyi Li
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Patrick M A Sleiman
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Qianghua Xia
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Hakon Hakonarson
- Center for Applied Genomics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA .,Department of Pediatrics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.,Division of Human Genetics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jin Li
- Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China .,Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin, China
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18
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Wang J, Li J, Song D, Ni J, Ding M, Huang J, Yan M. AMPK: implications in osteoarthritis and therapeutic targets. Am J Transl Res 2020; 12:7670-7681. [PMID: 33437352 PMCID: PMC7791500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common skeletal disease and the leading cause of pain and disability in the aged population (>65 years). However, the underlying factors involved in OA pathogenesis remain elusive which has resulted in failure to identify disease-modifying OA drugs. Altered metabolism has been shown to be a prominent pathological change in OA. As a critical bioenergy sensor, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) mediates not only energy homeostasis but also redox balance in chondrocytes to counter various cell stress. Dysfunction of AMPK activity has been associated with reduced autophagy, impaired mitochondrial function, excessive reactive oxygen species generation, and inflammation in joint tissue. These abnormalities ultimately trigger articular cartilage degeneration, synovial inflammation, and abnormal subchondral bone remodeling. This review focuses on recent findings describing the central role of AMPK in joint homeostasis and OA development. We also highlight current advances that target AMPK as a novel therapeutic strategy for OA prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jiali Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Nephrology, University of South China Affiliated Changsha Central HospitalChangsha 410008, Hunan, China
| | - Deye Song
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jiangdong Ni
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Muliang Ding
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jun Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Mingming Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangsha 410011, Hunan, China
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19
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Rellmann Y, Eidhof E, Dreier R. Review: ER stress-induced cell death in osteoarthritic cartilage. Cell Signal 2020; 78:109880. [PMID: 33307190 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In cartilage, chondrocytes are responsible for the biogenesis and maintenance of the extracellular matrix (ECM) composed of proteins, glycoproteins and proteoglycans. Various cellular stresses, such as hypoxia, nutrient deprivation, oxidative stress or the accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) during aging, but also translational errors or mutations in cartilage components or chaperone proteins affect the synthesis and secretion of ECM proteins, causing protein aggregates to accumulate in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This condition, referred to as ER stress, interferes with cartilage cell homeostasis and initiates the unfolded protein response (UPR), a rescue mechanism to regain cell viability and function. Chronic or irreversible ER stress, however, triggers UPR-initiated cell death. Due to unresolved ER stress in chondrocytes, diseases of the skeletal system, such as chondrodysplasias, arise. ER stress has also been identified as a contributing factor to the pathogenesis of cartilage degeneration processes such as osteoarthritis (OA). This review provides current knowledge about the biogenesis of ECM components in chondrocytes, describes possible causes for the impairment of involved processes and focuses on the ER stress-induced cell death in articular cartilage during OA. Targeting of the ER stress itself or intervention in UPR signaling to reduce death of chondrocytes may be promising for future osteoarthritis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yvonne Rellmann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Waldeyerstraße 15, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Elco Eidhof
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Waldeyerstraße 15, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Rita Dreier
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry and Pathobiochemistry, Waldeyerstraße 15, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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20
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Liu D, Gu Y, Wang W, Chen W. Astragalin alleviates ischemia/reperfusion‑induced brain injury via suppression of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Mol Med Rep 2020; 22:4070-4078. [PMID: 33000226 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive apoptosis and neuronal dysfunction are pathological features of ischemic stroke. Previous studies have demonstrated that astragalin (AST) exerted both anti‑apoptotic and anti‑inflammatory effects in several types of disease, although its potential effect in ischemic stroke remains unclear. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of AST on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R)‑induced brain injury and the underlying mechanisms. Brain injury was assessed in an experimental rat model using measurement of neurological scores and inflammatory factors. To assess the role of AST in I/R‑induced brain injury and the potential mechanism of action, SH5Y were treated with thapsigargin and AST. Apoptotic rate and ER stress levels were measured by western blotting, reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR and immunofluorescence staining. It was discovered that AST significantly improved long‑term neurological outcomes in rats following cerebral I/R injury, through the attenuation of the expression levels of apoptotic proteins (Bax and cleaved‑caspase‑3) and the release of inflammatory cytokines, as well as upregulating the expression levels of the anti‑apoptotic protein Bcl‑2. Furthermore, AST attenuated the expression levels of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‑related protein, glucose‑regulated protein, 78 kDa, as well as its downstream apoptotic mediators (CHOP and caspase‑12). Thapsigargin‑induced ER stress activation and apoptosis were also attenuated by AST in an in vitro neuronal cell culture model. In conclusion, these results suggested that AST may protect against I/R‑induced brain injury, thus, highlighting its therapeutic potential in patients with ischemic stroke.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desheng Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Yuntao Gu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Wenting Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
| | - Wendao Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, Hainan 570100, P.R. China
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21
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Abstract
Cartilage comprises a single cell type, the chondrocyte, embedded in a highly complex extracellular matrix. Disruption to the cartilage growth plate leads to reduced bone growth and results in a clinically diverse group of conditions known as genetic skeletal diseases (GSDs). Similarly, long-term degradation of articular cartilage can lead to osteoarthritis (OA), a disease characterised by joint pain and stiffness. As professionally secreting cells, chondrocytes are particularly susceptible to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and this has been identified as a core disease mechanism in a group of clinically and pathologically related GSDs. If unresolved, ER stress can lead to chondrocyte cell death. Recent interest has focused on ER stress as a druggable target for GSDs and this has led to the first clinical trial for a GSD by repurposing an antiepileptic drug. Interestingly, ER stress markers have also been associated with OA in multiple cell and animal models and there is increasing interest in it as a possible therapeutic target for treatment. In summary, chondrocyte ER stress has been identified as a core disease mechanism in GSDs and as a contributory factor in OA. Thus, chondrocyte ER stress is a unifying factor for both common and rare cartilage-related diseases and holds promise as a novel therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Briggs
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Ella P Dennis
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Helen F Dietmar
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
| | - Katarzyna A Pirog
- Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ, UK
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Salimi L, Salarinasab S, Rahbarghazi R, Nourazarian A, Nikanfar M, Avci ÇB, Bagca BG, Ozates Ay NP, Hasanpour M. High Glucose Content Abrogated the Normal Activity of Heat Shock Protein Signaling Pathway in Human Neuroblastoma Cells. Arch Med Res 2020; 51:180-184. [PMID: 32111494 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2020.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detrimental effects of high glucose content (HGC) were proved in different tissues such as the central nervous system. It seems that diabetic conditions could also alter the functional behavior of stem cells residing in the context of the nervous system. METHODS The possible effects of 40 and 70 mmol glucose were examined on HSP70 signaling pathways with a specific focus on protein translation, folding values of human neuroblastoma cell line SHSY-5Y after 72 h. Human neuroblastoma cells were exposed to 5, 40 and 70 mmol glucose doses. The transcription level of genes related to HSP70 signaling was also evaluated by PCR array. RESULTS The data from PCR array showed high glucose especially 70 mmol could potentially modulate the normal function of protein folding, endoplasmic reticulum derived protein folding and synthesis in neuroblastoma cells (p <0.05). CONCLUSIONS Data showed that high glucose condition makes neuroblastoma cells prone to biochemical insufficiency by affecting the function of HSP70 signaling pathway and protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leila Salimi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sadegh Salarinasab
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Reza Rahbarghazi
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Applied Cell Sciences, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Alireza Nourazarian
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Masoud Nikanfar
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Çıgır Biray Avci
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Bakiye Goker Bagca
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | | | - Milad Hasanpour
- Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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Zhu S, Chen M, Chen M, Ye J, Ying Y, Wu Q, Dou H, Bai L, Mao F, Ni W, Yu K. Fibroblast Growth Factor 22 Inhibits ER Stress-Induced Apoptosis and Improves Recovery of Spinal Cord Injury. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:18. [PMID: 32116697 PMCID: PMC7026669 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, inhibiting or reducing neuronal cell death is the main strategy to improve recovery of spinal cord injury (SCI). Therapies using nerve growth factors to treat SCI mainly focused on reducing the area damaged by postinjury degeneration to promote functional recovery. In this report, we investigated the mechanism of ER (endoplasmic reticulum) stress-induced apoptosis and the protective action of fibroblast growth factor 22 (FGF22) in vivo. Our results demonstrated that ER stress-induced apoptosis plays a significant role in injury of SCI model rats. FGF22 administration promoted recovery and increased neuron survival in the spinal cord lesions of model mice. The protective effect of FGF22 is related to decreased expression of CHOP (C/EBP-homologous protein), GRP78 (glucose-regulated protein 78), caspase-12, X-box binding protein 1 (XBP1), eukaryotic initiation factor 2α (Eif-2α) and Bad which are ER stress-induced apoptosis response proteins. Moreover, FGF22 administration also increased the number of neurons and the expression of growth-associated protein 43 (GAP43) which was related to axon regeneration. We also demonstrated that the protective effect of FGF22 effectively reduces neuronal apoptosis and promotes axonal regeneration. Our study first illustrated that the function of FGF22 is related to the inhibition of ER stress-induced cell death in SCI recovery via activation of downstream signals. This study also suggested a new tendency of FGF22 therapy development in central neural system injuries, which involved chronic ER stress-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Mengji Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Second Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Second Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Ye
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Second Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Yibo Ying
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Second Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qiuji Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Second Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Haicheng Dou
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Liyunian Bai
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,Second Medical College of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fangmin Mao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenfei Ni
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kehe Yu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Multifaceted Protective Role of Glucosamine against Osteoarthritis: Review of Its Molecular Mechanisms. Sci Pharm 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm87040034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a joint disease resulting from cartilage degeneration and causing joint pain and stiffness. Glucosamine exerts chondroprotective effects and effectively reduces OA pain and stiffness. This review aims to summarise the mechanism of glucosamine in protecting joint health and preventing OA by conducting a literature search on original articles. Current evidence has revealed that glucosamine exhibits anti-inflammatory effects by reducing the levels of pro-inflammatory factors (such as tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1, and interleukin-6) and enhancing the synthesis of proteoglycans that retard cartilage degradation and improve joint function. Additionally, glucosamine improves cellular redox status, reduces OA-mediated oxidative damages, scavenges free radicals, upregulates antioxidant proteins and enzyme levels, inhibits the production of reactive oxygen species, and induces autophagy to delay OA pathogenesis. In conclusion, glucosamine prevents OA and maintains joint health by reducing inflammation, improving the redox status, and inducing autophagy in joints. Further studies are warranted to determine the synergistic effect of glucosamine with other anti-inflammatory and/or antioxidative agents on joint health in humans.
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4-Phenylbutyric Acid Reduces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Chondrocytes That Is Caused by Loss of the Protein Disulfide Isomerase ERp57. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:6404035. [PMID: 31781343 PMCID: PMC6875354 DOI: 10.1155/2019/6404035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Objective The integrity of cartilage depends on the correct synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. In case of insufficient folding of proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of chondrocytes, ECM proteins aggregate, ER stress evolves, and the unfolded protein response (UPR) is initiated. By this mechanism, chondrocytes relieve the stress condition or initiate cell death by apoptosis. Especially persistent ER stress has emerged as a pathogenic mechanism in cartilage diseases, such as chondrodysplasias and osteoarthritis. As pharmacological intervention is not available yet, it is of great interest to understand cartilage ER stress in detail and to develop therapeutics to intervene. Methods ERp57-deficient chondrocytes were generated by CRISPR/Cas9-induced KO. ER stress and autophagy were studied on mRNA and protein level as well as by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in chondrocyte micromass or cartilage explant cultures of ERp57 KO mice. Thapsigargin (Tg), an inhibitor of the ER-residing Ca2+-ATPase, and 4-Phenylbutyric acid (4-PBA), a small molecular chemical chaperone, were applied to induce or inhibit ER stress. Results Our data reveal that the loss of the protein disulfide isomerase ERp57 is sufficient to induce ER stress in chondrocytes. 4-PBA efficiently diffuses into cartilage explant cultures and diminishes excessive ER stress in chondrocytes dose dependently, no matter if it is induced by ERp57 KO or stimulation with Tg. Conclusion ER-stress-related diseases have different sources; therefore, various targets for therapeutic treatment exist. In the future, 4-PBA may be used alone or in combination with other drugs for the treatment of ER-stress-related skeletal disorders in patients.
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26
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Kung LHW, Mullan L, Soul J, Wang P, Mori K, Bateman JF, Briggs MD, Boot-Handford RP. Cartilage endoplasmic reticulum stress may influence the onset but not the progression of experimental osteoarthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2019; 21:206. [PMID: 31511053 PMCID: PMC6737683 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-019-1988-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis has been associated with a plethora of pathological factors and one which has recently emerged is chondrocyte endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. ER stress is sensed by key ER-resident stress sensors, one of which is activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6). The purpose of this study is to determine whether increased ER stress plays a role in OA. METHODS OA was induced in male wild-type (+/+), ColIITgcog (c/c) and Atf6α-/- mice by destabilisation of the medial meniscus (DMM). c/c mice have increased ER stress in chondrocytes via the collagen II promoter-driven expression of ER stress-inducing Tgcog. Knee joints were scored histologically for OA severity. RNA-seq was performed on laser-micro-dissected RNA from cartilage of +/+ and c/c DMM-operated mice. RESULTS In situ hybridisation demonstrated a correlation between the upregulation of ER stress marker, BiP, and early signs of proteoglycan loss and cartilage damage in DMM-operated +/+ mice. Histological analysis revealed a significant reduction in OA severity in c/c mice compared with +/+ at 2 weeks post-DMM. This chondroprotective effect in c/c mice was associated with a higher ambient level of BiP protein prior to DMM and a delay in chondrocyte apoptosis. RNA-seq analysis suggested Xbp1-regulated networks to be significantly enriched in c/c mice at 2 weeks post-DMM. Compromising the ER through genetically ablating Atf6α, a key ER stress sensor, had no effect on DMM-induced OA severity. CONCLUSION Our studies indicate that an increased capacity to effectively manage increases in ER stress in articular cartilage due either to pre-conditioning as a result of prior exposure to ER stress or to genetic pre-disposition may be beneficial in delaying the onset of OA, but once established, ER stress plays no significant role in disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louise H. W. Kung
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Lorna Mullan
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - Jamie Soul
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ UK
| | - Ping Wang
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
| | - Kazutoshi Mori
- Department of Biophysics, Graduate School of Science, and Department of Radiation Genetics, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan
| | - John F. Bateman
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, VIC 3052 Australia
| | - Michael D. Briggs
- Institute of Genetic Medicine, Newcastle University, International Centre for Life, Central Parkway, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 3BZ UK
| | - Raymond P. Boot-Handford
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell-Matrix Research, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health and Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PT UK
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Oliviero A, Della Porta G, Peretti GM, Maffulli N. MicroRNA in osteoarthritis: physiopathology, diagnosis and therapeutic challenge. Br Med Bull 2019; 130:137-147. [PMID: 31066454 DOI: 10.1093/bmb/ldz015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 147] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 03/03/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most orthopedic condition. The pattern of gene expression and the transcription factors that exert control of chondrogenesis have been extensively studied. SOURCES OF DATA A systematic search (up to July 2018) of articles assessing the role of microRNA (miRNA) in physiopathology, diagnosis and therapy of OA was performed, with the purpose of giving a critical perspective of the possibilities for diagnostic and therapeutic use of miRNA in the management of OA. AREAS OF AGREEMENT miRNAs are small noncoding RNAs that can regulate gene expression in human cells. miRNAs can be expressed in a different fashion in osteoarthritic compared to nonosteoarthritic cartilage. AREAS OF CONTROVERSY The mechanisms that produce alteration of gene expression in OA are still not completely understood. miRNAs may be involved in the diagnosis of OA as well as in its treatment. GROWING POINTS There are complex interactions between miRNAs and their multiple target genes. These interactions may be important in gene regulation and the control of homeostatic pathways in OA. AREAS TIMELY FOR DEVELOPING RESEARCH miRNA could be useful for diagnostic or management purposes, but the issue of delivery of miRNA targeting agents needs to be overcome before miRNA can be applied in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Oliviero
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo, Salerno, Italy
| | - Giovanna Della Porta
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Giuseppe M Peretti
- Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Via Riccardo Galeazzi, Milano MI Italy
- Department of Orthopaedics, University of Milan, Via Colombo, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Maffulli
- Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi D'Aragona, Via San Leonardo, Salerno, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Centre for Sports and Exercise Medicine, Mile End Hospital, Bancroft Road, London, England
- Institute of Science and Technology in Medicine, Keele University School of Medicine, Thornburrow Drive, Stoke-on-Trent, England
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28
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Feng K, Ge Y, Chen Z, Li X, Liu Z, Li X, Li H, Tang T, Yang F, Wang X. Curcumin Inhibits the PERK-eIF2 α-CHOP Pathway through Promoting SIRT1 Expression in Oxidative Stress-induced Rat Chondrocytes and Ameliorates Osteoarthritis Progression in a Rat Model. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:8574386. [PMID: 31223428 PMCID: PMC6541984 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8574386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2018] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in the occurrence and development of osteoarthritis (OA) through the activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Curcumin is a polyphenolic compound with significant antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity among various diseases. To elucidate the role of curcumin in oxidative stress-induced chondrocyte apoptosis, this study investigated the effect of curcumin on ER stress-related apoptosis and its potential mechanism in oxidative stress-induced rat chondrocytes. The results of flow cytometry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) staining showed that curcumin can significantly attenuate ER stress-associated apoptosis. Curcumin inhibited the expression of cleaved caspase3, cleaved poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP), and glucose-regulated protein78 (GRP78) and upregulated the chondroprotective protein Bcl2 in TBHP-treated chondrocytes. In addition, curcumin promoted the expression of silent information regulator factor 2-related enzyme 1 (SIRT1) and suppressed the expression of activating transcription factor 4 (ATF4), the ratio of p-PERK/PERK, p-eIF2α/eIF2α. Our anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) rat OA model research demonstrated that curcumin (50 mg/kg and 150 mg/kg) ameliorated the degeneration of articular cartilage and inhibited chondrocyte apoptosis in ACLT rats in a dose-dependent manner. By applying immunohistochemical analysis, we found that curcumin enhanced the expression of SIRT1 and inhibited the expression of CHOP and cleaved caspase3 in ACLT rats. Taken together, our present findings firstly indicate that curcumin could inhibit the PERK-eIF2α-CHOP axis of the ER stress response through the activation of SIRT1 in tert-Butyl hydroperoxide- (TBHP-) treated rat chondrocytes and ameliorated osteoarthritis development in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Feng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuwei Ge
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhaoxun Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaodong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhiqing Liu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xunlin Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Tang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Department of Orthopedics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Feng K, Chen Z, Pengcheng L, Zhang S, Wang X. Quercetin attenuates oxidative stress-induced apoptosis via SIRT1/AMPK-mediated inhibition of ER stress in rat chondrocytes and prevents the progression of osteoarthritis in a rat model. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:18192-18205. [PMID: 30854676 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Apoptosis of chondrocytes are the main initiator of osteoarthritis (OA) and can be explained by oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, thus the pharmacological interventions aimed at inhibiting of these pathways may be a promising approach for the management of OA. Quercetin is a member of the flavonoid family and has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in degenerative diseases. However, its effects and potential mechanisms on the pathological process of OA are not very clear. The present study aimed to investigate the protective effects of quercetin on OA and the underlying mechanisms. The tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP)-stimulated rat chondrocytes and destabilization of the medial meniscus OA rat model was used to explore the protective effects of quercetin. Our results showed that quercetin treatment can attenuate oxidative stress, ER stress, and associated apoptosis. Moreover, quercetin inhibited ER stress through activating the sirtuin1/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (SIRT1/AMPK) signaling pathway. The protective effects of quercetin were also observed in OA rat model which is evidenced by abolished cartilage degeneration and decreased chondrocytes apoptosis in the knee joints. Our results suggested that quercetin is a promising treatment for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Feng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaoxun Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Liu Pengcheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orthopedic Implants, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
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Liang W, Li X, Hu L, Ding S, Kang J, Shen J, Zheng C, Li C, Ye H, Asakawa T. An in vitro validation of the therapeutic effects of Tougu Xiaotong capsule on tunicamycin-treated chondrocytes. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 229:215-221. [PMID: 30342192 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Tougu Xiaotong capsule (TXC) is a Chinese herbal compound that belongs to a range of Chinese herbs functioning as 'kidney invigorators and liver softeners' commonly used to treat osteoarthritis (OA) in China. AIMS OF THE STUDY The aims of the present study are to confirm the therapeutic effects of TXC in an OA cell model and to determine the mechanisms involved in such effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS A tunicamycin (Tm)-exposed OA cell model was employed, and the effects of TXC were confirmed by observing cell viability and apoptosis. The reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis caused by Tm were improved by TXC, confirming the cellular protection of TXC. We then investigated the expression of biomarkers related to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway, including microRNA-211 (miR-211), a regulator in the ER stress pathway. RESULTS Downregulation of X-box binding protein 1 (Xbp-1) and miR-211 expression following Tm administration was reversed by TXC. Moreover, the upregulation by Tm of the expression levels of binding immunoglobulin protein, Xbp-1, activating transcription factor 4, C/EBP-homologous protein, Caspase-9 and Caspase-3 was downregulated by TXC. These results indicated that the ER stress pathway-related mechanism may play a potential role in the therapeutic effects of TXC. CONCLUSIONS The present study provides evidence of the therapeutic effects of TXC at the cell level and describes a cellular model for establishing the mechanisms of the effects of TXC used in the treatment of OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Liang
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, PR China
| | - Xihai Li
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, PR China
| | - Liu Hu
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, PR China
| | - Shanshan Ding
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, PR China
| | - Jie Kang
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, PR China
| | - Jianying Shen
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, PR China
| | - Chunsong Zheng
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, PR China
| | - Candong Li
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, PR China
| | - Hongzhi Ye
- Academy of Integrative Medicine, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, Fujian 350122, PR China; Fujian Key Laboratory of Integrative Medicine on Geriatrics, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, PR China
| | - Tetsuya Asakawa
- Research Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou 350122, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Handayama, 1-20-1, Higashi-ku, Hamamatsu-city, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
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Different Forms of ER Stress in Chondrocytes Result in Short Stature Disorders and Degenerative Cartilage Diseases: New Insights by Cartilage-Specific ERp57 Knockout Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2018; 2018:8421394. [PMID: 30647818 PMCID: PMC6311764 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8421394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/13/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cartilage is essential for skeletal development by endochondral ossification. The only cell type within the tissue, the chondrocyte, is responsible for the production of macromolecules for the extracellular matrix (ECM). Before proteins and proteoglycans are secreted, they undergo posttranslational modification and folding in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). However, the ER folding capacity in the chondrocytes has to be balanced with physiological parameters like energy and oxygen levels. Specific cellular conditions, e.g., a high protein demand, or pathologic situations disrupt ER homeostasis and lead to the accumulation of poorly folded or misfolded proteins. This state is called ER stress and induces a cellular quality control system, the unfolded protein response (UPR), to restore homeostasis. Different mouse models with ER stress in chondrocytes display comparable skeletal phenotypes representing chondrodysplasias. Therefore, ER stress itself seems to be involved in the pathogenesis of these diseases. It is remarkable that chondrodysplasias with a comparable phenotype arise independent from the sources of ER stress, which are as follows: (1) mutations in ECM proteins leading to aggregation, (2) deficiencies in ER chaperones, (3) mutations in UPR signaling factors, or (4) deficiencies in the degradation of aggregated proteins. In any case, the resulting UPR substantially impairs ECM protein synthesis, chondrocyte proliferation, and/or differentiation or regulation of autophagy and apoptosis. Notably, chondrodysplasias arise no matter if single or multiple events are affected. We analyzed cartilage-specific ERp57 knockout mice and demonstrated that the deficiency of this single protein disulfide isomerase, which is responsible for formation of disulfide bridges in ECM glycoproteins, is sufficient to induce ER stress and to cause an ER stress-related bone phenotype. These mice therefore qualify as a novel model for the analysis of ER stress in chondrocytes. They give new insights in ER stress-related short stature disorders and enable the analysis of ER stress in other cartilage diseases, such as osteoarthritis.
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Serrano RL, Chen LY, Lotz MK, Liu-Bryan R, Terkeltaub R. Impaired Proteasomal Function in Human Osteoarthritic Chondrocytes Can Contribute to Decreased Levels of SOX9 and Aggrecan. Arthritis Rheumatol 2018; 70:1030-1041. [PMID: 29457374 DOI: 10.1002/art.40456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Osteoarthritis (OA) chondrocytes exhibit impairment of autophagy, one arm of the proteostasis network that coordinates proteome and organelle quality control and degradation. Deficient proteostasis impacts differentiation and viability, and inflammatory processes in aging and disease. The present study was undertaken to assess ubiquitin proteasome system proteasomal function in OA chondrocytes. METHODS We evaluated human knee cartilage by immunohistochemistry, and assessed proteasomal function, levels of proteasomal core subunits and chaperones, and autophagy in cultured chondrocytes. Assays included Western blotting, quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, proteasomal protease activity assessment, and cell immunofluorescence analysis. RESULTS Human knee OA cartilage exhibited polyubiquitin accumulation, with increased ubiquitin K48-linked polyubiquitinated proteins in situ, suggesting proteasomal impairment. Cultured OA chondrocytes demonstrated accumulation of K48 polyubiquitinated proteins, significantly reduced 20S proteasome core protease activity, and decreased levels of phosphorylated FOXO4 and proteasome 26S subunit, non-ATPase 11 (PSMD11), a FOXO4-inducible promoter of proteasomal activation. Levels of proteasome subunit β type 3 (PSMB3), PSMB5, PSMB6, and proteasome assembly chaperone 1 were not decreased in OA chondrocytes. In normal chondrocytes, PSMD11 small interfering RNA knockdown stimulated certain autophagy machinery elements, increased extracellular nitric oxide (NO) levels, and reduced chondrocytic master transcription factor SOX9 protein and messenger RNA (mRNA) and aggrecan (AGC1) mRNA. PSMD11 gain-of- function by transfection increased proteasomal function, increased levels of SOX9-induced AGC1 mRNA, stimulated elements of the autophagic machinery, and inhibited extracellular levels of interleukin-1-induced NO and matrix metalloproteinase 13 in OA chondrocytes. CONCLUSION Deficient PSMD11, associated with reduced phosphorylated FOXO4, promotes impaired proteasomal function in OA chondrocytes, dysregulation of chondrocytic homeostasis, and decreased levels of SOX9 mRNA, SOX9 protein, and AGC1 mRNA. Chondrocyte proteasomal impairment may be a therapeutic target for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon L Serrano
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Liang-Yu Chen
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Martin K Lotz
- The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California
| | - Ru Liu-Bryan
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Robert Terkeltaub
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Dou HC, Chen JY, Ran TF, Jiang WM. Panax quinquefolius saponin inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis and neurite injury and improves functional recovery in a rat spinal cord injury model. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 102:212-220. [PMID: 29558718 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.03.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2018] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment goal in spinal cord injury (SCI) is to repair neurites and suppress cell apoptosis. Panax quinquefolius saponin (PQS) is the major active ingredient of American ginseng and has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic roles in various diseases. However, the potential effect of PQS on the pathological process of acute SCI remains unknown. This work tested the effects of PQS on acute SCI and clarified its potential mechanisms. PQS treatment ameliorated the damage to spinal tissue and improved the functional recovery after SCI. PQS treatment inhibited endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and the associated apoptosis after acute SCI. PQS further abolished the triglyceride (TG)-induced ER stress and associated apoptosis in neuronal cultures. PQS appears to inhibit the ER-stress-induced neurite injury in PC12 cells. Our results suggest that PQS is a novel therapeutic agent for acute central nervous system injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Cheng Dou
- Orthopedics Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jun-Yu Chen
- Orthopedics Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Tang-Fei Ran
- Orthopedics Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Wei-Min Jiang
- Orthopedics Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 188 Shizi Street, Suzhou 215006, China.
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PERK-mediated translational control is required for collagen secretion in chondrocytes. Sci Rep 2018; 8:773. [PMID: 29335505 PMCID: PMC5768675 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-19052-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
As chondrocytes are highly secretory and they experience a variety of stresses, physiological unfolded protein response (UPR) signalling is essential for extracellular matrix (ECM) secretion and chondrogenesis. In the three branches of the UPR pathway, PERK governs the translational attenuation and transcriptional upregulation of amino acid and redox metabolism and induction of apoptosis. It was previously demonstrated that a defect of the PERK branch of the UPR signalling pathway causes the accumulation of unfolded proteins, leading to cell death without perturbing endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-to-Golgi transport in pancreatic β cells. However, little is known about the role of PERK in chondrocytes. In this study, we found that PERK signalling is activated in chondrocytes, and inhibition of PERK reduces collagen secretion despite causing excessive collagen synthesis in the ER. Perk−/− mice displayed reduced collagen in articular cartilage but no differences in chondrocyte proliferation or apoptosis compared to the findings in wild-type mice. PERK inhibition increases misfolded protein levels in the ER, which largely hinder ER-to-Golgi transport. These results suggest that the translational control mediated by PERK is a critical determinant of ECM secretion in chondrocytes.
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Xie CL, Li JL, Xue EX, Dou HC, Lin JT, Chen K, Wu HQ, Wu L, Xuan J, Huang QS. Vitexin alleviates ER-stress-activated apoptosis and the related inflammation in chondrocytes and inhibits the degeneration of cartilage in rats. Food Funct 2018; 9:5740-5749. [PMID: 30321247 DOI: 10.1039/c8fo01509k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Excessive extracellular matrix degradation and chondrocyte apoptosis are the pathological features of osteoarthritis (OA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Long Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Li Li
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - En-Xing Xue
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Cheng Dou
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ti Lin
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hong-Qiang Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Long Wu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Xuan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital
- Jinhua Hospital
- Zhejiang University School of Medicine
- Jinhua
| | - Qi-Shan Huang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery
- The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University
- Wenzhou
- People's Republic of China
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Xie JJ, Chen J, Guo SK, Gu YT, Yan YZ, Guo WJ, Yao CL, Jin MY, Xie CL, Wang X, Wang XY, Chen L. Panax quinquefolium saponin inhibits endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced apoptosis and the associated inflammatory response in chondrocytes and attenuates the progression of osteoarthritis in rat. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 97:886-894. [PMID: 29136765 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.10.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2017] [Revised: 10/05/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatments for osteoarthritis (OA) seek to restore chondrocyte function and inhibit cell apoptosis. Panax quinquefolium saponin (PQS) is the major active ingredient of Radix panacis quinquefolii (American ginseng), and has been demonstrated to exert anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects in various diseases. However, any potential effect of PQS on the pathological process of OA remains unclear. This work aimed to explore the role of PQS in chondrocytes and to clarify its potential mechanisms. We showed that PQS treatment could protect chondrocytes against endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and associated apoptosis induced by interleukin (IL)-1β. Also, PQS further attenuated triglyceride (TG)-induced ER stress and associated apoptosis. Moreover, PQS may inhibit the ER stress-activated NF-κB pathway and associated inflammatory response in chondrocytes. Finally, PQS abolished rat cartilage degeneration in an in-vivo OA model of the knee joint. Our results indicate that PQS may be a potential novel treatment for OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Jun Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Shi-Kun Guo
- Department of Postgraduate Education, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun-Tao Gu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying-Zhao Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jun Guo
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Lun Yao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng-Yun Jin
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Long Xie
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, 637000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang-Yang Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China.
| | - Long Chen
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University,Wenzhou, 325027, People's Republic of China.
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Ethyl carbamate induces cell death through its effects on multiple metabolic pathways. Chem Biol Interact 2017; 277:21-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Song Y, Xu K, Yu C, Dong L, Chen P, Lv Y, Chiang MY, Li L, Liu W, Yang L. The use of mechano growth factor to prevent cartilage degeneration in knee osteoarthritis. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:738-749. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Song
- 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering CollegeChongqing University Chongqing China
- Biosystems and Biomaterials DivisionNational Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg MD USA
| | - Kang Xu
- 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering CollegeChongqing University Chongqing China
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of California, Berkeley Berkeley CA USA
| | - Can Yu
- 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering CollegeChongqing University Chongqing China
| | - Lili Dong
- 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering CollegeChongqing University Chongqing China
| | - Peixing Chen
- 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering CollegeChongqing University Chongqing China
| | - Yonggang Lv
- 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering CollegeChongqing University Chongqing China
| | - Martin Y.M. Chiang
- Biosystems and Biomaterials DivisionNational Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg MD USA
| | - Linhao Li
- 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering CollegeChongqing University Chongqing China
- Key Laboratory for Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, School of Biological Science and Medical EngineeringBeihang University Beijing China
| | - Wanqian Liu
- 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering CollegeChongqing University Chongqing China
| | - Li Yang
- 111 Project Laboratory of Biomechanics and Tissue Repair, Bioengineering CollegeChongqing University Chongqing China
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Hughes A, Oxford AE, Tawara K, Jorcyk CL, Oxford JT. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response in Cartilage Pathophysiology; Contributing Factors to Apoptosis and Osteoarthritis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18030665. [PMID: 28335520 PMCID: PMC5372677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chondrocytes of the growth plate undergo apoptosis during the process of endochondral ossification, as well as during the progression of osteoarthritis. Although the regulation of this process is not completely understood, alterations in the precisely orchestrated programmed cell death during development can have catastrophic results, as exemplified by several chondrodystrophies which are frequently accompanied by early onset osteoarthritis. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie chondrocyte apoptosis during endochondral ossification in the growth plate has the potential to impact the development of therapeutic applications for chondrodystrophies and associated early onset osteoarthritis. In recent years, several chondrodysplasias and collagenopathies have been recognized as protein-folding diseases that lead to endoplasmic reticulum stress, endoplasmic reticulum associated degradation, and the unfolded protein response. Under conditions of prolonged endoplasmic reticulum stress in which the protein folding load outweighs the folding capacity of the endoplasmic reticulum, cellular dysfunction and death often occur. However, unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling is also required for the normal maturation of chondrocytes and osteoblasts. Understanding how UPR signaling may contribute to cartilage pathophysiology is an essential step toward therapeutic modulation of skeletal disorders that lead to osteoarthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandria Hughes
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
| | - Alexandra E Oxford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
| | - Ken Tawara
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
| | - Cheryl L Jorcyk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
| | - Julia Thom Oxford
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Sciences Graduate Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
- Biomolecular Research Center, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA.
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