Gaps between the subjective needs of older facility residents and how care workers understand them: a pairwise cross-sectional study

Occupation-based differences in shared perceptions of older resident needs within multidisciplinary care teams: a cross-sectional study of care workers, nurses, and therapists linked to older residents

[Purpose] To examine whether the needs of older individuals are commonly understood by multidisciplinary team members at elderly care facilities. [Subjects and Methods] A questionnaire survey with care workers, nurses, and therapists linked to residents and structured interviews with residents were conducted at eight facilities in Japan. The questionnaire comprised 25 items regarding basic activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), environment and lifestyle (EL), and emotion. [Results] The data of 88 residents (83.0% female, 86.4% aged ≥75 years) and 125 staff members (63 care workers, 36 nurses, and 26 therapists) were analyzed. Perceptions regarding the subjective needs of residents differed significantly by occupation with regard to pace of eating, pace of dressing, and freedom to brush at any time; shaving or putting on make-up; personal space, role performance, and health exercises; and feeling good. All three occupations underestimated the subjective needs of residents for household chores. [Conclusion] Staff members had insufficient understanding of the subjective needs of residents, with a tendency to underestimate IADL and EL needs. Perceived subjective needs also differed by occupation. Sharing the understanding of subjective needs of older individuals within multidisciplinary care teams is desired.