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Aga N, Shreevats R, Gupta S, Sandhu H, Hassan ME, Prajapati HV. Oral Soft Tissue Metastasis from Breast Cancer as the Only Primary Source: Systematic Review. Avicenna J Med 2024; 14:22-38. [PMID: 38694143 PMCID: PMC11057901 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is one of the most lethal neoplasms causing death. Oral cavity is the rare site of distant metastasis from breast cancer. Very little research has been conducted to date to analyze breast cancer as the sole primary source of metastasis to the oral soft tissues. The goal of this study was to examine the published cases of oral soft tissue metastasis from breast cancer as the only primary source to date. Methods An electronic search of the published literature was performed without publication year limitation in PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Science Direct, Embase, and Research Gate databases, using mesh keywords like ("Breast cancer", OR "Breast carcinoma") AND ("Metastasis" OR "Metastases"), And ("Oral soft tissues" OR "Tongue" OR "Palate" OR "Tonsil" OR "Buccal mucosa" OR "Floor of mouth" OR "Vestibule" OR "Salivary glands"). We also searched all related journals manually. The reference list of all articles was also checked. Results Our research revealed 88 relevant papers (September 1967-September 2023) with 96 patients in total. The most predominant oral soft tissues involved were salivary glands followed by the gingiva, tonsils, tongue, and buccal mucosa. A total of 23% of patients died with an average survival time of 1 to 15 months. Conclusions Oral soft tissue metastasis from breast cancer is a rare event and has a bad prognosis. More cases need to be published to raise awareness of these lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nausheen Aga
- School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Ruchira Shreevats
- Department of Orthodontics, Primadent Dental Centre, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Sonia Gupta
- Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology and Forensic Odontology, Yamuna Institute of Dental Sciences & Research, Gadholi, Yamunanagar, Haryana, India
| | - Harman Sandhu
- General Dentistry, Building Smiles Dental Clinic, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Muna E.M. Hassan
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, University of Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Harnisha V. Prajapati
- General Dentistry, Bhavya Dental Clinic and Implant Centre, Palanpur, Gujarat, India
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Okonkwo PC, Henning A, Plaza J, Agrawal A, Contreras CM. A rare tonsillar metastasis of Merkel cell carcinoma: A case report. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7063. [PMID: 36950672 PMCID: PMC10025251 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) metastasis to the tonsil is extremely rare with five published cases. We report the case of a patient with palatine tonsillar MCC metastasis, who presented without oropharyngeal symptoms, which contrast prior reported cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ania Henning
- The Ohio State Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Jose Plaza
- The Ohio State Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
| | - Amit Agrawal
- The Ohio State Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOhioUSA
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Malignant phyllodes tumor of the breast with metastases to the lungs: A case report and literature review. Radiol Case Rep 2022; 17:4006-4012. [PMID: 36039084 PMCID: PMC9418210 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.07.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Phyllodes tumors (PTs) are rare fibroepithelial neoplasms of the breasts. Approximately 10%-15% of PTs are malignant, and 9%-27% of patients with malignant PTs, develop metastatic disease. The lungs are the most common target organ for distant metastasis of PT. We report a case of 44-year-old female with a malignant PT. It had recurred locally 3 times, and 3 relapses occurred 13 months after the first diagnosis, presenting multiple metastases to the lungs by CT scan. The patient underwent radiation therapy, and palliative chemotherapy with doxorubicin was initiated. Two courses of doxorubicin therapy were administered, but the patient expired 16 months after PT diagnosis. We present a rare case of malignant PT with local recurrences, lung metastases, and poor patient outcome. Although malignant breast PTs have an unfavorable prognosis, adjuvant radiotherapy combined with margin-negative resection may be associated with decreased local recurrence and distant metastasis rates. Future research should include randomized clinical trials or well-designed prospective matched studies to clarify the effectiveness of treatments of PTs.
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Rajkrishna B, Balakrishnan R, Raam M, Santhosh Raj A, Sebastian P, Selvamani B. Aggressive malignant phyllodes tumor of breast with omental metastases - A case report. Breast Dis 2021; 40:287-291. [PMID: 34420938 DOI: 10.3233/bd-201054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Distant metastasis from malignant Phyllodes tumour (PT) is rare. They generally metastasize to the lung, bone, pleura, and liver. We present a very rare case of a 25-year-old woman with intraabdominal metastases from malignant phyllodes tumour of the breast. She presented with left breast lump and the biopsy was Phyllodes tumour. She underwent a two staged surgery; left modified radical mastectomy followed by left latissimus dorsi musculocutaneous flap cover. She received adjuvant radiation therapy to left chest wall. Following which she developed intrabdominal mass which was proven to be metastasis from Phyllodes tumour. She was then advised palliative chemotherapy. Malignant Phyllodes with distant metastases has a dismal prognosis. We propose it is preferable to have a CT Thorax and Abdomen as a staging workup for patients with malignant PT to identify those with poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Rajkrishna
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ida B Scudder Cancer Centre, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Rajesh Balakrishnan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ida B Scudder Cancer Centre, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mithun Raam
- Department of General Surgery, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Santhosh Raj
- Department of General Pathology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Patricia Sebastian
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ida B Scudder Cancer Centre, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - B Selvamani
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Ida B Scudder Cancer Centre, Christian Medical College, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Ganesh V, Lee J, Wan BA, Rakovitch E, Vesprini D, Slodkowska E, Zeng KL, Sousa P, Yee C, Chow E. Palliative treatment of metastatic phyllodes tumors: a case series. AME Case Rep 2017; 1:9. [PMID: 30263996 DOI: 10.21037/acr.2017.12.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Up to 20% of malignant phyllodes tumors (PT) metastasize, most frequently to the lungs, bone, and brain. Descriptions of metastatic PT are limited in the literature. In this series, we present three cases of malignant PT metastatic to various unusual sites including the peritoneum, soft tissue of the thigh, and scalp. All three patients initially received surgical resections, and two underwent adjuvant radiation. All three patients developed lung metastases first. Several palliative modalities were used including surgical resection, gamma-knife stereotactic radiosurgery, external beam radiation, and chemotherapy. All three patients died within 3 years of the initial diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vithusha Ganesh
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justin Lee
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bo Angela Wan
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eileen Rakovitch
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Danny Vesprini
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Elzbieta Slodkowska
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - K Liang Zeng
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Philomena Sousa
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Caitlin Yee
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Edward Chow
- Odette Cancer Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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Akram M, Iqbal M, Daniyal M, Khan AU. Awareness and current knowledge of breast cancer. Biol Res 2017; 50:33. [PMID: 28969709 PMCID: PMC5625777 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-017-0140-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 585] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains a worldwide public health dilemma and is currently the most common tumour in the globe. Awareness of breast cancer, public attentiveness, and advancement in breast imaging has made a positive impact on recognition and screening of breast cancer. Breast cancer is life-threatening disease in females and the leading cause of mortality among women population. For the previous two decades, studies related to the breast cancer has guided to astonishing advancement in our understanding of the breast cancer, resulting in further proficient treatments. Amongst all the malignant diseases, breast cancer is considered as one of the leading cause of death in post menopausal women accounting for 23% of all cancer deaths. It is a global issue now, but still it is diagnosed in their advanced stages due to the negligence of women regarding the self inspection and clinical examination of the breast. This review addresses anatomy of the breast, risk factors, epidemiology of breast cancer, pathogenesis of breast cancer, stages of breast cancer, diagnostic investigations and treatment including chemotherapy, surgery, targeted therapies, hormone replacement therapy, radiation therapy, complementary therapies, gene therapy and stem-cell therapy etc for breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Akram
- Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, Directorate of Medical Sciences, GC University Faisalabad, Old Campus, Allam Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000 Pakistan
| | - Mehwish Iqbal
- Faculty of Eastern Medicine, Hamdard University Karachi, Main Campus, Sharea Madinat al-Hikmah, Mohammad Bin Qasim Avenue, Karachi, 74600 Sindh Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Daniyal
- Faculty of Eastern Medicine, Hamdard University Karachi, Main Campus, Sharea Madinat al-Hikmah, Mohammad Bin Qasim Avenue, Karachi, 74600 Sindh Pakistan
| | - Asmat Ullah Khan
- Laboratory of Neuroanatomy & Neuropsychobiology, Department of Pharmacology, RibeirãoPreto Medical School of the University of São Paulo, AV. Bandeirantes, 3900, RibeirãoPreto, 14049-900 São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Eastern Medicine and Surgery, School of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Poonch Rawalakot, Hajira Road, Shamsabad, Rawalakot, 12350 Azad Jammu and Kashmir Pakistan
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