Maternal serum anti-Müllerian hormone in Sudanese women with preeclampsia

Serum anti mullerian hormone and renalase levels in predicting the risk of preeclampsia

OBJECTIVE

The aim of the study was to explore the association of serum AMH and Renalase with the risk of preeclampsia thereby assessing them as screening tools, reducing the risk of gravid consequences of preeclampsia.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This cross-sectional study recruited n = 95 pregnant women between 14 and 32 gestational weeks. They were categorized as a) women with gestational hypertension (n = 45); b) women with pre-eclampsia (n = 20) and c) normotensive pregnant women (n = 30) according to the ACOG criteria. Anthropometrics data and blood and urine samples were collected. AMH and Renalase levels were measured by ELISA assay.

RESULTS

The mean age of study cohort was 27.3 ± 6.2 year and weight was 65.1 ± 14.1 kg. Blood pressures were significantly higher in pre-eclamptic patients versus both the gestational hypertensive females and controls (p < 0.05). AMH was found to be significantly higher in controls but no difference was observed between gestational hypertensive and pre-eclamptic patients. No difference was seen for serum Renalase among the three groups (p > 0.05). AMH showed a negative weak correlation with diastolic blood pressure (r = -0.272; p = 0.008) that remained significant even after adjustment (r = -0.236; p = 0.023) whereas Renalase did not show any difference (r = -0.051; p > 0.05). Females with low levels of AMH were 1.07 times at risk of developing hypertension even after adjustment for age and BMI (p < 0.05).

CONCLUSION

Low AMH levels may lead to hypertension in pregnancy suggesting a role in detecting vascular diseases as well as its effect on ovarian aging. However, further research is required to establish a causal relationship.

Anti-Müllerian Hormone Levels in Preeclampsia: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Objective: Serum Anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Its prognostic value in determining the risk of developing preeclampsia remains, to date, unclear. The purpose of the present systematic review is to accumulate current evidence in this field. Materials and methods: We searched Medline (1966-2017), Scopus (2004-2017), Clinicaltrials.gov (2008-2017), EMBASE (1980-2017), LILACS (1986-2017) and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials CENTRAL (1999-2017) databases. Results: Four studies were included in with a total number of 401 women. Among them 146 had preeclampsia while 232 were recruited as normotensive controls. Current data are suggestive of the potential predictive value of serum AMH as its levels seem to be lower among women that develop preeclampsia. One study reported that women with and AMH value below the 10^th percentile of the studied population had a 3.3 increased risk of developing preeclampsia (OR 3.3, 95% CI 1.2-8.7, p = 0.01). Conclusion: Taking in mind these findings, future studies are needed in this field to establish optimal cut-off values and evaluate the specificity and sensitivity of this biomarker during the first trimester of pregnancy.