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Zhou G, Guo X, Cai S, Zhang Y, Zhou Y, Long R, Zhou Y, Li H, Chen N, Song C. Diabetes mellitus and latent tuberculosis infection: an updated meta-analysis and systematic review. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:770. [PMID: 37940866 PMCID: PMC10631079 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08775-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have demonstrated an association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI). This study was conducted to update the current understanding of the association between DM and LTBI. By conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis using adjusted odds ratios (aOR) or risk ratios (aRR), we aimed to further explore the association between DM and LTBI and provide essential reference for future research. METHODS We conducted comprehensive searches in Embase, Cochrane Library, and PubMed without imposing any start date or language restrictions, up to July 19, 2022. Our study selection encompassed observational research that compared from LTBI positive rates in both DM and non-DM groups and reported aRR or aOR results. The quality of the included studies was assessed utilizing the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Pooled effect estimates were calculated using random-effects models, along with their associated 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS We included 22 studies involving 68,256 subjects. Three cohort studies were eligible, with a pooled aRR of 1.26 (95% CI: 0.71-2.23). Nineteen cross-sectional studies were eligible, with a pooled aOR of 1.21 (95% CI: 1.14-1.29). The crude RR (cRR) pooled estimate for three cohort studies was 1.62 (95% CI: 1.03-2.57). Among the cross-sectional studies we included, sixteen studies provided crude ORs, and the crude OR (cOR) pooled estimate was 1.64 (95% CI: 1.36-1.97). In the diagnosis of diabetes, the pooled aOR of the HbA1c group was higher than that of self-reported group (pooled aOR: 1.56, 95% CI: 1.24-1.96 vs. 1.17, 95% CI: 1.06-1.28). CONCLUSION Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggest a positive association between DM and LTBI. Individuals with DM may have a higher risk of LTBI compared to those without DM. These findings provide important insights for future research and public health interventions in managing LTBI in diabetic populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guozhong Zhou
- Department of Science and Research, The Affiliated Anning First People's Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Xin Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Shunli Cai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Anning First People's Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Sixth Affliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, The People's Hospital of Yuxi City, Yunnan Province, Yuxi, 653100, China
| | - Rong Long
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Anning First People's Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Yingchen Zhou
- The School of Medicine, Kunming University, Kunming, 650214, China
| | - Hanse Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650051, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Anning First People's Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan Province, China.
| | - Chao Song
- Department of Medical Imaging, The Affiliated Anning First People's Hospital of Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650302, Yunnan Province, China.
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Navasardyan I, Yeganyan S, Nguyen H, Vaghashia P, Subbian S, Venketaraman V. Role of Oxidative Stress in Tuberculosis Meningitis Infection in Diabetics. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2568. [PMID: 37761009 PMCID: PMC10526095 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis meningitis (TBM) is a result of the invasion of the meninges with the bacilli of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), leading to inflammation of the meninges around the brain or spinal cord. Oxidative stress occurs when the body's cells become overwhelmed with free radicals, particularly reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of TBM due to their toxic nature, resulting in impairment of the body's ability to fight off infection. ROS damages the endothelial cells and impairs the defense mechanisms of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which contributes to CNS susceptibility to the bacteria causing TBM. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a common condition that is characterized by the impairment of the hormone insulin, which is responsible for modulating blood glucose levels. The increased availability of glucose in individuals with diabetes results in increased cellular activity and metabolism, leading to heightened ROS production and, in turn, increased susceptibility to TBM. In this review, we summarize our current understanding of oxidative stress and its role in both TBM and DM. We further discuss how increased oxidative stress in DM can contribute to the likelihood of developing TBM and potential therapeutic approaches that may be of therapeutic value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inesa Navasardyan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (I.N.); (S.Y.); (H.N.); (P.V.)
| | - Stephanie Yeganyan
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (I.N.); (S.Y.); (H.N.); (P.V.)
| | - Helena Nguyen
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (I.N.); (S.Y.); (H.N.); (P.V.)
| | - Payal Vaghashia
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (I.N.); (S.Y.); (H.N.); (P.V.)
| | - Selvakumar Subbian
- Public Health Research Center, New Jersey Medical School, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ 07103, USA;
| | - Vishwanath Venketaraman
- College of Osteopathic Medicine of the Pacific, Western University of Health Sciences, Pomona, CA 91766, USA; (I.N.); (S.Y.); (H.N.); (P.V.)
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Torres AV, Corrêa RDS, Bevilacqua MDF, do Prado LCF, Bandeira FMGDC, Rodrigues LS, Gomes MB. Screening of latent tuberculosis infection among patients with diabetes mellitus from a high-burden area in Brazil. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2022; 3:914574. [PMID: 36992754 PMCID: PMC10012069 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2022.914574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Although several cohort studies have raised the important association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), evidences are limited and controversial. Furthermore, it is well documented that the poor glycemic control may exacerbate the risk for active TB. Thus, the monitoring of diabetic patients living in high-incidence areas for TB is an important concern in views of available diagnostic tests for LTBI. In this cross-sectional study, we estimate the association of DM and LTBI among diabetic patients classified as type-1 DM (T1D) or type-2 DM (T2D) living in Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil - considered a high TB burden region of these country. Non-DM volunteers were included as endemic area healthy controls. All participants were screened for DM using glycosylated-hemoglobin (HbA1c) and for LTBI using the QuantiFERON-TB Gold in Tube (QFT-GIT). Demographic, socioeconomic, clinical and laboratorial data were also assessed. Among 553 included participants, 88 (15.9%) had QFT-GIT positive test, of which 18 (20.5%) were non-DM, 30 (34.1%) T1D and 40 (45.4%) T2D. After adjustments for potential baseline confounders, age, self-reported non-white skin color and an active TB case in the family were significantly associated with LTBI among the studied population by using a hierarchical multivariate logistic regression analysis. Additionally, we verified that T2D patients were able to produce significant increased interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) plasma levels in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis-specific antigens, when compared to non-DM individuals. Altogether, our data showed an increased prevalence of LTBI among DM patients, albeit non-statistically significant, and point out to important independent factors associated with LTBI, which deserve attention in monitoring patients with DM. Moreover, QFT-GIT test seems to be a good tool to screening LTBI in this population, even in a high TB burden area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Vital Torres
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Science, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raquel da Silva Corrêa
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Science, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maria de Fátima Bevilacqua
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luana Cristina França do Prado
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Science, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Flavia Miranda Gomes de Constantino Bandeira
- Hematology and Transfusion Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- Herbert de Souza Hemotherapy Service, Pedro Ernesto University Hospital (HUPE), Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Silva Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Faculty of Medical Science, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marilia Brito Gomes
- Diabetes Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Science, Rio de Janeiro State University (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Liu Q, Yan W, Liu R, Bo E, Liu J, Liu M. The Association Between Diabetes Mellitus and the Risk of Latent Tuberculosis Infection: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2022; 9:899821. [PMID: 35547228 PMCID: PMC9082645 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.899821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The estimated global latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) burden indicates a large reservoir of population at risk of developing active tuberculosis (TB). Previous studies suggested diabetes mellitus (DM) might associate with LTBI, though still controversial. We aimed to systematically assess the association between DM and LTBI. Methods We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library and Web of Science. Observational studies reporting the number of LTBI and non-LTBI individuals with and without DM were included. Random-effects or fixed-effects models were used to estimate the pooled effect by risk ratios (RRs) and odds ratios (ORs) and its 95% confidence interval (CI), using the original number of participants involved. Results 20 studies involving 4,055,082 participants were included. The pooled effect showed a significant association between DM and LTBI (for cohort studies, RR = 1.62, 95% CI: 1.02-2.56; for cross-sectional studies, OR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.30-1.84). The pooled OR was high in studies with healthcare workers (5.27, 95% CI: 1.52-8.20), refugees (2.88, 95% CI: 1.93-4.29), sample size of 1,000-5,000 (1.99, 95% CI: 1.49-2.66), and male participants accounted for less than 40% (2.28, 95% CI: 1.28-4.06). Prediabetes also associated with LTBI (OR = 1.36, 95% CI: 1.01-1.84). Conclusion The risk of LTBI was found to be a 60% increase in DM patients, compared with non-DM patients. LTBI screening among DM patients could be of vital importance. More studies are needed to explore appropriate strategies for targeted LTBI screening among DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenxin Yan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Runqing Liu
- School of Health Humanities, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ershu Bo
- School of Basic Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jue Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Ngo MD, Bartlett S, Ronacher K. Diabetes-Associated Susceptibility to Tuberculosis: Contribution of Hyperglycemia vs. Dyslipidemia. Microorganisms 2021; 9:2282. [PMID: 34835407 PMCID: PMC8620310 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9112282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a major risk factor for tuberculosis (TB). Diabetes increases the risk of the progression from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) to active pulmonary TB and TB patients with diabetes are at greater risk of more severe disease and adverse TB treatment outcomes compared to TB patients without co-morbidities. Diabetes is a complex disease, characterised not only by hyperglycemia but also by various forms of dyslipidemia. However, the relative contribution of these underlying metabolic factors to increased susceptibility to TB are poorly understood. This review summarises our current knowledge on the epidemiology and clinical manifestation of TB and diabetes comorbidity. We subsequently dissect the relative contributions of body mass index, hyperglycemia, elevated cholesterol and triglycerides on TB disease severity and treatment outcomes. Lastly, we discuss the impact of selected glucose and cholesterol-lowering treatments frequently used in the management of diabetes on TB treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Dao Ngo
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (M.D.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Stacey Bartlett
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (M.D.N.); (S.B.)
| | - Katharina Ronacher
- Mater Research Institute, The University of Queensland, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia; (M.D.N.); (S.B.)
- Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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