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Viet CT, Asam KR, Yu G, Dyer EC, Kochanny S, Thomas CM, Callahan NF, Morlandt AB, Cheng AC, Patel AA, Roden DF, Young S, Melville J, Shum J, Walker PC, Nguyen KK, Kidd SN, Lee SC, Folk GS, Viet DT, Grandhi A, Deisch J, Ye Y, Momen-Heravi F, Pearson AT, Aouizerat BE. Artificial intelligence-based epigenomic, transcriptomic and histologic signatures of tobacco use in oral squamous cell carcinoma. NPJ Precis Oncol 2024; 8:130. [PMID: 38851780 PMCID: PMC11162452 DOI: 10.1038/s41698-024-00605-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) biomarker studies rarely employ multi-omic biomarker strategies and pertinent clinicopathologic characteristics to predict mortality. In this study we determine for the first time a combined epigenetic, gene expression, and histology signature that differentiates between patients with different tobacco use history (heavy tobacco use with ≥10 pack years vs. no tobacco use). Using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) cohort (n = 257) and an internal cohort (n = 40), we identify 3 epigenetic markers (GPR15, GNG12, GDNF) and 13 expression markers (IGHA2, SCG5, RPL3L, NTRK1, CD96, BMP6, TFPI2, EFEMP2, RYR3, DMTN, GPD2, BAALC, and FMO3), which are dysregulated in OSCC patients who were never smokers vs. those who have a ≥ 10 pack year history. While mortality risk prediction based on smoking status and clinicopathologic covariates alone is inaccurate (c-statistic = 0.57), the combined epigenetic/expression and histologic signature has a c-statistic = 0.9409 in predicting 5-year mortality in OSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi T Viet
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA, USA.
| | - Kesava R Asam
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
- Translational Research Center, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gary Yu
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emma C Dyer
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Sara Kochanny
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carissa M Thomas
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Nicholas F Callahan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Illinois Chicago, College of Dentistry, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Anthony B Morlandt
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Allen C Cheng
- Head and Neck Surgery, Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
- Head and Neck Surgery, Legacy Cancer Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ashish A Patel
- Head and Neck Surgery, Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
- Head and Neck Surgery, Legacy Cancer Center, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Dylan F Roden
- Department of Otolaryngology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Simon Young
- Katz Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - James Melville
- Katz Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan Shum
- Katz Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Dentistry, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul C Walker
- Department of Otolaryngology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Khanh K Nguyen
- Department of Otolaryngology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Stephanie N Kidd
- Department of Otolaryngology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Steve C Lee
- Department of Otolaryngology, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Anupama Grandhi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Loma Linda University School of Dentistry, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Jeremy Deisch
- Department of Pathology and Human Anatomy, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Yi Ye
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
- Translational Research Center, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
| | - Fatemeh Momen-Heravi
- Section of Oral, Diagnostic and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Dental Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
- Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander T Pearson
- Department of Medicine, Section of Hematology/Oncology, University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Bradley E Aouizerat
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
- Translational Research Center, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA
- New York University Rory Meyers College of Nursing, New York, NY, USA
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Etemad-Moghadam S, Mohammadpour H, Emami Razavi A, Alaeddini M. Pleckstrin Homology Domain Leucine-rich Repeat Protein Phosphatase Acts as a Tumor Suppressor in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2024; 32:249-253. [PMID: 38602289 DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000001195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
The pleckstrin homology domain leucine-rich repeat protein phosphatase (PHLPP) family has been found to have both tumor-suppressor and oncogenic properties across various types and locations of cancer. Given that PHLPP has not been previously studied in oral squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), we conducted an assessment of the expression of both its isoforms in oral SCC tissues and cell lines and compared these findings to their corresponding normal counterparts. In addition, we assessed the relationship between PHLPP and clinicopathological factors and patient survival. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the mRNA levels of PHLPP1 and PHLPP2 in cancerous and normal cell lines in addition to 124 oral SCC and noncancerous adjacent epithelia (N = 62, each). Correlations between their expression rate and clinicopathological parameters were further evaluated in 57 patients. Data were statistically analyzed with t test and paired t test, analysis of variance, Mann-Whitney U , and Cox Regression tests ( P < 0.05). We found significantly lower levels of both PHLPP isoforms in oral SCC tissues compared with noncancerous epithelia ( P < 0.001, for both). However, in the cell lines, this difference was significant only for PHLPP1 ( P = 0.027). The correlation between the two isoforms was significant only in cancerous tissues ( P < 0.001). None of the clinicopathologic factors showed significant associations with either of the isoforms and there was no correlation with survival. We showed for the first time that PHLPP1 and PHLPP2 act as tumor suppressors in oral SCC at the mRNA level. The regulation of their mRNA appears to be different between normal and cancerous tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Mohammadpour
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirnader Emami Razavi
- Iran National Tumor Bank, Cancer Institute of Iran, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Alaeddini
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Wang X, Nie X, Xu G, Gao J, Wang B, Yang J, Song G. miR-450b promotes cell migration and invasion by inhibiting SERPINB2 in oral squamous cell carcinoma. Oral Dis 2024; 30:376-389. [PMID: 36251494 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE microRNA-450b (miR-450b) plays an important role in cancer progression; however, its function in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) remains largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the action mechanisms of miR-450b in OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS OSCC animal model was established via continuous induction with single-drug 7, 12-dimethylbenzo[a]anthracene (DMBA). Animal tissue samples were pathologically typed using haematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining. The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database was used to predict miR-450b and SERPINB2 expression in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to detect gene and protein expression in OSCC tissue and cells, respectively. OSCC cell proliferation, growth, migration and invasion were detected using CCK-8, colony formation, transwell migration and matrigel invasion assays, respectively. Bioinformatic tools were used to predict miR-450b target genes. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was used to verify targeting between miR-450b and SERPINB2. Finally, small interfering RNA (siRNA) was used to reduce SERPINB2 expression to detect its effect on tumourigenesis. RESULTS Four stages of OSCC carcinogenesis (normal oral epithelium, simple epithelial hyperplasia, dysplasia and OSCC) were identified. miR-450b was found to be overexpressed in OSCC animal samples, HNSCC samples and human OSCC cells. Upregulation of miR-450b significantly promoted OSCC cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion, while its downregulation had the opposite effect. SERPINB2 was found to be a miR-450b target gene, and its expression was negatively correlated with miR-450b expression. Altering SERPINB2 expression effectively inhibited OSCC cell invasion, metastasis and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). CONCLUSIONS miR-450b plays a key role in OSCC tumourigenesis by regulating OSCC cell migration, invasion and EMT via SERPINB2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotang Wang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Xiaocui Nie
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Guoqiang Xu
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Jiping Gao
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Binhong Wang
- School of Mental Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Junting Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Guohua Song
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Key Laboratory of Experimental Animal Science and Animal Model of Human Disease, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
- School and Hospital of Stomatology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
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Banerjee R, Ajithkumar P, Keestra N, Smith J, Gimenez G, Rodger EJ, Eccles MR, Antony J, Weeks RJ, Chatterjee A. Targeted DNA Methylation Editing Using an All-in-One System Establishes Paradoxical Activation of EBF3. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:898. [PMID: 38473261 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16050898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/17/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Cutaneous melanoma is rapidly on the rise globally, surpassing the growth rate of other cancers, with metastasis being the primary cause of death in melanoma patients. Consequently, understanding the mechanisms behind this metastatic process and exploring innovative treatments is of paramount importance. Recent research has shown promise in unravelling the role of epigenetic factors in melanoma progression to metastasis. While DNA hypermethylation at gene promoters typically suppresses gene expression, we have contributed to establishing the newly understood mechanism of paradoxical activation of genes via DNA methylation, where high methylation coincides with increased gene activity. This mechanism challenges the conventional paradigm that promoter methylation solely silences genes, suggesting that, for specific genes, it might actually activate them. Traditionally, altering DNA methylation in vitro has involved using global demethylating agents, which is insufficient for studying the mechanism and testing the direct consequence of gene methylation changes. To investigate promoter hypermethylation and its association with gene activation, we employed a novel approach utilising a CRISPR-SunTag All-in-one system. Here, we focused on editing the DNA methylation of a specific gene promoter segment (EBF3) in melanoma cells using the All-in-one system. Using bisulfite sequencing and qPCR with RNA-Seq, we successfully demonstrated highly effective methylation and demethylation of the EBF3 promoter, with subsequent gene expression changes, to establish and validate the paradoxical role of DNA methylation. Further, our study provides novel insights into the function of the EBF3 gene, which remains largely unknown. Overall, this study challenges the conventional view of methylation as solely a gene-silencing mechanism and demonstrates a potential function of EBF3 in IFN pathway signalling, potentially uncovering new insights into epigenetic drivers of malignancy and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rakesh Banerjee
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Priyadarshana Ajithkumar
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Nicholas Keestra
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jim Smith
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Gregory Gimenez
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Euan J Rodger
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Michael R Eccles
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Jisha Antony
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Robert J Weeks
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
| | - Aniruddha Chatterjee
- Department of Pathology, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand
- School of Health Sciences and Technology, UPES University, Dehradun 248007, India
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Ding F, Liu J, Ai K, Xu C, Mao X, Liu Z, Xiao H. Simultaneous Activation of Pyroptosis and cGAS-STING Pathway with Epigenetic/ Photodynamic Nanotheranostic for Enhanced Tumor Photoimmunotherapy. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2306419. [PMID: 37796042 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202306419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Promoting innate immunity through pyroptosis induction or the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon gene (cGAS-STING) pathway activation has emerged as a potent approach to counteract the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and elicit systemic antitumor immunity. However, current pyroptosis inducers and STING agonists often suffer from limitations including instability, unpredictable side effects, or inadequate intracellular expression of gasdermin and STING. Here, a tumor-specific nanotheranostic platform that combines photodynamic therapy (PDT) with epigenetic therapy to simultaneously activate pyroptosis and the cGAS-STING pathway in a light-controlled manner is constructed. This approach involves the development of oxidation-sensitive nanoparticles (NP1) loaded with the photosensitizer TBE, along with decitabine nanomicelles (NP2). NP2 enables the restoration of STING and gasdermin E (GSDME) expression, while NP1-mediated PDT facilitates the release of DNA fragments from damaged mitochondria to potentiate the cGAS-STING pathway, and promotes the activation of caspase-3 to cleave the upregulated GSDME into pore-forming GSDME-N terminal. Subsequently, the released inflammatory cytokines facilitate the maturation of antigen-presentation cells, triggering T cell-mediated antitumor immunity. Overall, this study presents an elaborate strategy for simultaneous photoactivation of pyroptosis and the cGAS-STING pathway, enabling targeted photoimmunotherapy in immunotolerant tumors. This innovative approach holds significant promise in overcoming the limitations associated with existing therapeutic modalities and represents a valuable avenue for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feixiang Ding
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Junyan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Kelong Ai
- Department of Pharmacology, Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Chun Xu
- School of Dentistry, University of Queensland, Brisbane, 4006, Australia
| | - Xiaoyuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Zhaoqian Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Engineering Research Center for Applied Technology of Pharmacogenomics of Ministry of Education, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, China
| | - Haihua Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
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Wang Z, Zhang H, Li F, Huang C. Knockdown of RNA-binding protein IMP3 suppresses oral squamous cell carcinoma proliferation by destabilizing E2F5 transcript. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:1897-1910. [PMID: 38271139 PMCID: PMC10866398 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
The expression level of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) is dysregulated in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and other types of cancer. Among the RBPs, IMP3 is involved in the progression of OSCC. However, the regulation of mRNA fate by IMP3 in OSCC remains less understood. We analyzed the expression level of IMP3 and E2F5 in OSCC tissues and cell lines by immunohistochemistry, qRT-PCR and Western blot. Subsequently, to further investigate the effect of IMP3 on E2F5 expression, we used siRNAs to silence IMP3 expression in OSCC cell lines SCC-25 and SCC-4. The binding site of E2F5 mRNA and IMP3 was confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP). Finally, the function of IMP3 and E2F5 was investigated in viro and in xenograft mouse models. Here we report a positive correlation between IMP3 and E2F5 expression in OSCC, which are involved in cell proliferation and cell cycle. Mechanistically, E2F5 mRNA is bound by IMP3 protein, and silencing it leads to a shortened mRNA half-life and reduced protein expression. Also, knockdown of IMP3 inhibited allograft tumor progression in vivo. These studies reveal the molecular mechanism by which IMP3 regulates E2F5 mRNA stability and identify IMP3/E2F5 as a potential therapeutic target in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Huahua Zhang
- Medical Research and Experimental Center, Medical College, Yan’an University, Yan’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fang Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics/Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chen Huang
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics/Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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Ahmadvand S, Norouzi LA, Mohammadi Y, Safaei A, Khademi B, Motiee-Langroudi M, Ghaderi A. Negative prognostic behaviour of PD-L1 expression in tongue and larynx squamous cell carcinoma and its significant predictive power in combination with PD-1 expression on TILs. BMC Immunol 2024; 25:7. [PMID: 38229027 PMCID: PMC10790382 DOI: 10.1186/s12865-024-00597-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers that can predict outcome will improve the efficacy of treatment for HNSCC patients. In this regard, we retrospectively evaluated the prognostic effect of PD1, PD-L1, and CD45RO in tongue and larynx squamous cell carcinomas. METHODS FFPE tissue blocks of 63 larynx and 40 tongue squamous cell carcinoma samples were selected, cut into 3 µm sections, and immunohistochemically stained for PD1, PD-L1, and CD45RO. The slides were evaluated by an expert pathologist, and results were analysed using Chi-square, univariate, and multivariable Cox regression methods. RESULTS TC-PD-L1 expression (P = 0.001) and its expression intensity (P = 0.002) were significantly correlated with a higher percentage of PD-1 + tumor infiltrating lymphocytes. In univariate survival analysis, TC-PD-L1 and its expression intensity had a significant impact on both DFS (HR: 0.203; P = 0.003 and HR: 0.320; P = 0.005) and OS (HR: 0.147; P = 0.002 and HR: 0.322; P = 0.005). Based on the multivariate analysis, PD1 (DFS: HR: 3.202; P = 0.011, OS: HR: 2.671; P = 0.027) and TC-PD-L1 (DFS: HR: 0.174; P = 0.006, OS: HR: 0.189; P = 0.009) were found to be independent prognostic markers. In the second part, scoring systems were defined based on the expression status of PD1 and PD-L1. Patients with higher scores were expected to have longer DFS and OS. In multivariate analysis, the PD1/TC-PD-L1 (DFS: P = 0.001, OS: P = 0.003) scoring systems showed superior prognostic effects. Interestingly, at the highest levels of this score, none of the patients experienced recurrence or cancer-caused death. CONCLUSION Collectively, this study suggests negative prognostic behaviour for TC-PD-L1 protein and introduces the PD-1/TC-PD-L1 scoring system as a strong prognostic marker in OS and DFS prediction of tongue and larynx HNSCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Ahmadvand
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology, and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Lotf-Ali Norouzi
- Otolaryngology Research Centre, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Yousef Mohammadi
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Akbar Safaei
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bijan Khademi
- Otolaryngology Research Centre, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | | | - Abbas Ghaderi
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, Faculty of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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8
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Calanca N, Francisco ALN, Bizinelli D, Kuasne H, Barros Filho MC, Flores BCT, Pinto CAL, Rainho CA, Soares MBP, Marchi FA, Kowalski LP, Rogatto SR. DNA methylation-based depiction of the immune microenvironment and immune-associated long non-coding RNAs in oral cavity squamous cell carcinomas. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 167:115559. [PMID: 37742611 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a complex and dynamic disease characterized by clinicopathological and molecular heterogeneity. Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of cell subpopulations has been associated with cancer progression and implicated in the prognosis and therapy response. Emerging evidence indicates that aberrant epigenetic profiles in OSCC may foster an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment by modulating the expression of immune-related long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). DNA methylation analysis was performed in 46 matched OSCC and normal adjacent tissue samples using a genome-wide platform (Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip). Reference-based computational deconvolution (MethylCIBERSORT) was applied to infer the immune cell composition of the bulk samples. The expression levels of genes encoding immune markers and differentially methylated lncRNAs were investigated using The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset. OSCC specimens presented distinct immune cell composition, including the enrichment of monocyte lineage cells, natural killer cells, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes, regulatory T-lymphocytes, and neutrophils. In contrast, B-lymphocytes, effector T-lymphocytes, and fibroblasts were diminished in tumor samples. The hypomethylation of three immune-associated lncRNAs (MEG3, MIR155HG, and WFDC21P) at individual CpG sites was confirmed by bisulfite-pyrosequencing. Also, the upregulation of a set of immune markers (FOXP3, GZMB, IL10, IL2RA, TGFB, IFNG, TDO2, IDO1, and HIF1A) was detected. The immune cell composition, immune markers alteration, and dysregulation of immune-associated lncRNAs reinforce the impact of the immune microenvironment in OSCC. These concurrent factors contribute to tumor heterogeneity, suggesting that epi-immunotherapy could be an efficient alternative to treat OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiade Calanca
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark-Vejle, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark; Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Lucia Noronha Francisco
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil
| | - Daniela Bizinelli
- International Research Center (CIPE), A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01508-010, SP, Brazil
| | - Hellen Kuasne
- Rosalind and Morris Goodman Cancer Institute, McGill University, Montreal H3A1A3, QC, Canada
| | | | - Bianca Campos Troncarelli Flores
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark-Vejle, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | | | - Claudia Aparecida Rainho
- Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences, Institute of Biosciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-689, SP, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Health Technology Institute, SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador 41650-010, BA, Brazil; Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador 40296-710, BA, Brazil
| | - Fabio Albuquerque Marchi
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 05402-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Luiz Paulo Kowalski
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery and Otorhinolaryngology, A.C.Camargo Cancer Center, São Paulo 01509-001, SP, Brazil; Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of São Paulo Medical School, São Paulo 05402-000, SP, Brazil
| | - Silvia Regina Rogatto
- Department of Clinical Genetics, University Hospital of Southern Denmark-Vejle, Institute of Regional Health Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense 5000, Denmark.
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Li J, Zhou X, Li L, Ji L, Li J, Qu Y, Wang Z, Zhao Y, Zhang J, Liang F, Liu J, Gu W, Yang R, Ma F, Dai L. The association between CTSZ methylation in peripheral blood and breast cancer in Chinese women. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1148635. [PMID: 37274256 PMCID: PMC10233099 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1148635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Previous studies have shown that DNA methylation in peripheral blood may be associated with breast cancer (BC). To explore the association between the methylation level of the Cathepsin Z (CTSZ) gene in peripheral blood and BC, we conducted a case-control study in the Chinese population. Methods Peripheral blood samples were collected from 567 BC cases, 635 healthy controls, and 303 benign breast disease (BBD) cases. DNA extraction and bisulfite-specific PCR amplification were performed for all samples. The methylation levels of seven sites of the CTSZ gene were quantitatively determined by Mass spectrometry. The odds ratios (ORs) of CpG sites were evaluated for BC risk using per 10% reduction and quartiles analyses by logistic regression. Results Our analysis showed that five out of the seven CpG sites exhibited significant associations with hypomethylation of CTSZ and BC, compared to healthy controls. The highest OR was for Q2 of CTSZ_CpG_1 (OR: 1.62, P=0.006), particularly for early-stage breast cancer in the case of per 10% reduction of CTSZ_CpG_1 (OR: 1.20, P=0.003). We also found that per 10% reduction of CTSZ_CpG_5 (OR: 1.39, P=0.004) and CTSZ_CpG_7,8 (OR: 1.35, P=0.005) were associated with increased BC risk. Our study also revealed that four out of seven CpG sites were linked to increased BC risk in women under 50 years of age, compared to healthy controls. The highest OR was for per 10% reduction of CTSZ_CpG_1 (OR: 1.47, P<0.001). Additionally, we found that BC exhibited lower methylation levels than BBD at CTSZ_CpG_4 (OR for Q1: 2.18, P<0.001) and CTSZ_CpG_7,8 (OR for Q1: 2.01, P=0.001). Furthermore, we observed a correlation between methylation levels and tumor stage, ER, and HER2 status in BC patients. Conclusion Overall, our findings suggest that altered CTSZ methylation levels in peripheral blood may be associated with breast cancer, particularly in young women, and may serve as a potential biomarker for early-stage BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyu Li
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xiajie Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lixi Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Longtao Ji
- BGI College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yunhui Qu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory in the First Affiliated Hospital & Key Clinical Laboratory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- BGI College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Yutong Zhao
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feifei Liang
- BGI College, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Jingjing Liu
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wanjian Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongxi Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Liping Dai
- School of Basic Medical Sciences & The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
- Henan Institute of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences & Henan Key Medical Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biomarkers, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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10
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Soltan MA, Eldeen MA, Sajer BH, Abdelhameed RFA, Al-Salmi FA, Fayad E, Jafri I, Ahmed HEM, Eid RA, Hassan HM, Al-Shraim M, Negm A, Noreldin AE, Darwish KM. Integration of Chemoinformatics and Multi-Omics Analysis Defines ECT2 as a Potential Target for Cancer Drug Therapy. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12040613. [PMID: 37106813 PMCID: PMC10135641 DOI: 10.3390/biology12040613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial cell transforming 2 (ECT2) is a potential oncogene and a number of recent studies have correlated it with the progression of several human cancers. Despite this elevated attention for ECT2 in oncology-related reports, there is no collective study to combine and integrate the expression and oncogenic behavior of ECT2 in a panel of human cancers. The current study started with a differential expression analysis of ECT2 in cancerous versus normal tissue. Following that, the study asked for the correlation between ECT2 upregulation and tumor stage, grade, and metastasis, along with its effect on patient survival. Moreover, the methylation and phosphorylation status of ECT2 in tumor versus normal tissue was assessed, in addition to the investigation of the ECT2 effect on the immune cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment. The current study revealed that ECT2 was upregulated as mRNA and protein levels in a list of human tumors, a feature that allowed for the increased filtration of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and decreased the level of natural killer T (NKT) cells, which ultimately led to a poor prognosis survival. Lastly, we screened for several drugs that could inhibit ECT2 and act as antitumor agents. Collectively, this study nominated ECT2 as a prognostic and immunological biomarker, with reported inhibitors that represent potential antitumor drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed A Soltan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, Ismailia 41611, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Alaa Eldeen
- Cell Biology, Histology & Genetics Division, Biology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Bayan H Sajer
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 80200, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reda F A Abdelhameed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Galala University, New Galala 43713, Egypt
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Fawziah A Al-Salmi
- Biology Department, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Eman Fayad
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Jafri
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Refaat A Eid
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 62529, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hesham M Hassan
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 62529, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt
| | - Mubarak Al-Shraim
- Pathology Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 62529, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Negm
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ahmed E Noreldin
- Department of Histology and Cytology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Damanhour University, Damanhour 22516, Egypt
| | - Khaled M Darwish
- Medicinal Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
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11
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Chandramohan S, Chatterjee O, Pajaniradje S, Subramanian S, Bhat SA, Rajagopalan R. Role of indole curcumin in the epigenetic activation of apoptosis and cell cycle regulating genes. J Cancer Res Ther 2023; 19:601-609. [PMID: 37470582 DOI: 10.4103/jcrt.jcrt_28_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background Head-and-neck squamous cell carcinoma is associated with the epigenetic silencing of various genes such as DAPK, ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), BRCA1, p16INK4a, pVHL, p16, and RASSF1A. The most common epigenetic change observed in these genes is DNA methylation that directs the studies toward finding inhibitors for DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs), the protagonist in the action. The present study focuses on analyzing the possibility whether indole curcumin can reverse epigenetic changes of the various tumor suppressor genes, characteristically silenced by methylation, by inhibiting the major methylation enzyme DNA methyltransferase 1 or DNMT1. Materials and Methods The cytotoxic effects of indole curcumin were studied through the MTT and lactate dehydrogenase assays. To determine the apoptosis-mediated death of HEp-2 cells, fluorescence imaging using different stains was done. Gene or mRNA expression analysis was done for p53, ATM, and DAPK genes. Results The results obtained from this study clearly indicate that the indole analog of curcumin plays a remarkable role in activating genes involved in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis induction through epigenetic regulation. The influence that the drug has on the methylation status of gene promoter sequence of the ATM gene is also very significant. Conclusion Indole curcumin, being an analog of curcumin, promises to be a very useful drug molecule having various potential targets. The target selected for this study was DNMT1 enzyme and the drug seems to actually show the effects; it was predicted to be having on the target molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sathyapriya Chandramohan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Oishi Chatterjee
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Sankar Pajaniradje
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Srividya Subramanian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Suhail Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
| | - Rukkumani Rajagopalan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, India
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12
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Vatsa PP, Jindal Y, Bhadwalkar J, Chamoli A, Upadhyay V, Mandoli A. Role of epigenetics in OSCC: an understanding above genetics. Med Oncol 2023; 40:122. [PMID: 36941511 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-023-01992-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023]
Abstract
Oral cavity cancer is categorized under head and neck cancer that frequently develops from squamous cells hence also known as oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Although molecular markers for oral cavity cancer are already known, epigenetic signatures for the same haven't been explored much. Epigenetic and genetic alterations were initially thought to be discrete mechanisms driving the tumour but the whole exome sequencing of various cancers has revealed the interdependency of epigenetics and genetic alterations. The reversible nature of these epigenetic changes makes them an alluring target for cancer therapeutics. The primary epigenetic alterations in cancer include DNA methylation and histone modifications. These alterations are useful for patient early detection and prognostication. This review summarizes the epigenetic perspective to understand the etiology, epigenetic biomarkers, and epi-drugs for better predictive diagnosis and treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka P Vatsa
- Department of Biotechnology, NIPER-Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Yogita Jindal
- Department of Biotechnology, NIPER-Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Janhavi Bhadwalkar
- Department of Biotechnology, NIPER-Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Ambika Chamoli
- Department of Biotechnology, NIPER-Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Vinal Upadhyay
- Department of Biotechnology, NIPER-Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Amit Mandoli
- Department of Biotechnology, NIPER-Ahmedabad, Opposite Air Force Station, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India.
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13
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Dholariya S, Singh RD, Patel KA. Melatonin: Emerging Player in the Management of Oral Cancer. Crit Rev Oncog 2023; 28:77-92. [PMID: 37830217 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2023048934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancer (OC) has emerged as a major medical and social issue in many industrialized nations due to the high death rate. It is becoming increasingly common in people under the age of 45, although the underlying causes and mechanisms of this increase remain unclear. Melatonin, as a pleiotropic hormone, plays a pivotal role in a wide variety of cellular and physiological functions. Mounting evidence supports melatonin's ability to modify/influence oral carcinogenesis, help in the reduction of the incidence of OC, and increase chemo- and radiosensitivity. Despite its potential anti-carcinogenic effects, the precise function of melatonin in the management of OC is not well understood. This review summarizes the current knowledge regarding melatonin function in anti-carcinogenesis mechanisms for OC. In addition, clinical assessment and the potential therapeutic utility of melatonin in OC are discussed. This review will provide a basis for researchers to create new melatonin-based personalized medicines for treating and preventing OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sagar Dholariya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
| | - Ragini D Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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14
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Dong Y, Xue L, Zhang Y, Liu C, Zhang Y, Jiang N, Ma X, Chen F, Li L, Yu L, Liu X, Shao S, Guan S, Zhang J, Xiao Q, Li H, Dong A, Huang L, Shi C, Wang Y, Fu M, Lv N, Zhan Q. Identification of RNA-splicing factor Lsm12 as a novel tumor-associated gene and a potent biomarker in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC). J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:150. [PMID: 35449073 PMCID: PMC9027881 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02355-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the common cancers worldwide. The lack of specific biomarkers and therapeutic targets leads to delayed diagnosis and hence the poor prognosis of OSCC patients. Thus, it is urgent to identify effective biomarkers and therapeutic targets for OSCC.
Methods
We established the golden hamster carcinogenic model of OSCC induced by 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthrancene (DMBA) and used mRNA microarrays to detect the differentially expressed genes (DEGs). DEGs were validated in OSCC clinical tissue microarrays using immunohistochemistry method. Whole transcriptome sequencing was performed to obtain an overview of biological functions of Lsm12. PCR assay and sequencing were employed to investigate the alternative splicing of genes regulated by Lsm12. Cell proliferation, colony formation, Transwell migration and invasion assay and in vivo tumor formation assay were performed to investigate the roles of Lsm12 and two transcript variants of USO1 in OSCC cells.
Results
Lsm12 was identified to be significantly up-regulated in the animal model of OSCC tumorigenesis, which was validated in the clinical OSCC samples. In the paired normal tissues, Lsm12 staining was negative (91%, 92/101) or weak, while in OSCC tissues, positive rate is 100% and strong staining spread over the whole tissues in 93 (93/101, 92%) cases. Lsm12 overexpression significantly promoted OSCC cell growth, colony formation, migration and invasion abilities, while Lsm12 knockdown showed the opposite trends on these phenotypes and obviously inhibited the tumor formation in vivo. Furthermore, Lsm12 overexpression caused the inclusion of USO1 exon 15 and Lsm12 knockdown induced exon 15 skipping. Exon 15-retained USO1 significantly promoted the malignant phenotypes of OSCC cells when compared with the exon 15-deleted USO1.
Conclusions
We identified Lsm12, a novel tumorigenesis-related gene, as an important regulator involved in OSCC tumorigenesis. Lsm12 is a novel RNA-splicing related gene and can regulate the alternative splicing of USO1 exon 15 which was associated closely with OSCC carcinogenesis. Our findings thus provide that Lsm12 might be a potent biomarker and potential therapeutic target for OSCC.
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15
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Jiang FC, Li GS, Luo JY, Huang ZG, Dang YW, Chen G, He J, Gao L, Tang YX, Wei GG, Dai WB, Feng ZB. Downregulation of zinc finger protein 71 expression in oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues and its underlying molecular mechanism. Pathol Res Pract 2022; 238:154109. [PMID: 36115333 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2022.154109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have poor prognoses due to a limited understanding of the pathogenesis of OSCC. Zinc finger protein (ZNF) is the largest transcription factor family in the human genome and exert diverse and important functions. Nevertheless, the exact expression status and molecular mechanism of ZNF71 have not been described in OSCC. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the specific expression level of ZNF71 in OSCC tissues and to further interpret the potential molecular mechanism of ZNF71 in the pathogenesis of OSCC. METHODS In-house immunohistochemical staining of 116 OSCC samples and 29 non-OSCC samples was employed to detect the expression status of ZNF71 at the protein level of OSCC tissues. Single-cell RNA sequencing data from 7 OSCC samples was used to explore the expression landscape of ZNF71 in different cell types from OSCC tissues. High-throughput RNA sequencing data and gene chips data from 893 OSCC samples and 301 non-OSCC samples were utilized to identify the specific expression level of ZNF71 at the bulk mRNA level of OSCC tissues. Here, standardized mean difference (SMD) value was applied to calculate the expression differences between OSCC group and non-OSCC group. Multiple datasets were included; hence, the results were considered to be more reliable. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to evaluate the stability of the results. Enrichment analysis and immune infiltration analysis were used to explore the underlying molecular mechanism of ZNF71 in OSCC. RESULTS ZNF71 was significantly downregulated in OSCC tissues at the protein level (SMD = -1.96, 95 % confidence interval [95 % CI]: -2.43 to -1.50). ZNF71 was absent in various cell types from OSCC tissues including cancerous epithelial cells and tumor-infiltrating immune cells. ZNF71 was downregulated in OSCC tissues at the bulk mRNA level (SMD = -0.38, 95 % CI: -0.75 to -0.02). Enrichment analysis showed that positively and differentially co-expressed genes mainly concentrated on "herpes simplex virus 1 infection" and "regulation of plasma membrane bounded cell projection organization", and negatively and differentially co-expressed genes mainly participated in "cell cycle" and "DNA metabolic process". Moreover, the putative target genes of ZNF71 mainly participated in "cellular respiration" and "protein catabolic process". Finally, immune infiltration analysis revealed that ZNF71 expression was positively correlated with multiple immune cells including activated B cells, memory B cells, and natural killer (NK) cells, and negatively correlated with various immune cells, including CD56 bright NK cells, neutrophil, and immature dendritic cells. CONCLUSION The downregulation of ZNF71 may influence the initiation and promotion of OSCC by reducing immune infiltration, accelerating cell cycle progression, and affecting metabolic process, and this requires further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang-Cheng Jiang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Guo-Sheng Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Jia-Yuan Luo
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Zhi-Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Juan He
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Yu-Xing Tang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Enhanced Recovery after Surgery for Gastrointestinal Cancer, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Gan-Guan Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, 923 hospital of People's Liberation Army, 52 Zhiwu Road, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China
| | - Wen-Bin Dai
- Department of Pathology, Liuzhou People's Hospital, 8 Wenchang Road, Chengzhong District, Liuzhou, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 545006, PR China
| | - Zhen-Bo Feng
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, 6 Shuangyong RD, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530021, PR China.
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16
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Cai L, Wang Y, Peng X, Li W, Yuan Y, Tao X, Yao X, Lv R. Gold Nanostars Combined with the Searched Antibody for Targeted Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Therapy. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:2664-2675. [PMID: 35603744 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer in the oral and maxillofacial region. Due to the special physiological and anatomical position of the oral cavity, the disease often has a significant impact on the chewing, swallowing, language, and breathing functions of patients. In recent years, with the development of medical molecular biology, molecular targeted therapy has received increasing clinical attention and has gradually become a new method for the treatment of malignant tumors. In this research, gold nanostars with a high photothermal effect combined with the searched targeted antibody were used for OSCC therapy. We use the data set in the public database and construct a gene co-expression module by weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). It was found that the turquoise module and the midnight blue module had the greatest connection to tumorigenesis. Cytoscape software was used to analyze the important modules, and the top 10 genes of each module were selected; the survival analysis of the top 10 genes was carried out by gene expression profiling interactive analysis (GEPIA), which indicated that these genes (SERPINH1, MMP11, ADAM12, FADS3, SLC36A2, C1QTNF7, SCRG1, and APOBEC2) have statistical significance as key genes that are related to the tumorigenesis of OSCC. Then, the anti-SERPINH1 antibody targeted to SERPINH1 was chosen as the inhibitor and combined with gold nanostars for photothermal assisted targeted therapy. Thus, the searched key genes can be regarded as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for further precise diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Cai
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensor, Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China.,Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Yanxing Wang
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensor, Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Xiangrong Peng
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensor, Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Wenjing Li
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensor, Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
| | - Ying Yuan
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xiaofeng Tao
- Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xinwei Yao
- Institute for Frontier and Interdisciplinary Sciences, College of Computer Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China
| | - Ruichan Lv
- Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Sensor, Engineering Research Center of Molecular and Neuro Imaging, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science and Technology, Xidian University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710071, China
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17
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Hurník P, Chyra Z, Ševčíková T, Štembírek J, Trtková KS, Gaykalova DA, Buchtová M, Hrubá E. Epigenetic Regulations of Perineural Invasion in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Genet 2022; 13:848557. [PMID: 35571032 PMCID: PMC9091179 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.848557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx belong among the ten most common malignancies in the human population. The prognosis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is determined by the degree of invasiveness of the primary tumor and by the extent of metastatic spread into regional and distant lymph nodes. Moreover, the level of the perineural invasion itself associates with tumor localization, invasion's extent, and the presence of nodal metastases. Here, we summarize the current knowledge about different aspects of epigenetic changes, which can be associated with HNSCC while focusing on perineural invasion (PNI). We review epigenetic modifications of the genes involved in the PNI process in HNSCC from the omics perspective and specific epigenetic modifications in OSCC or other neurotropic cancers associated with perineural invasion. Moreover, we summarize DNA methylation status of tumor-suppressor genes, methylation and demethylation enzymes and histone post-translational modifications associated with PNI. The influence of other epigenetic factors on the HNSCC incidence and perineural invasion such as tobacco, alcohol and oral microbiome is overviewed and HPV infection is discussed as an epigenetic factor associated with OSCC and related perineural invasion. Understanding epigenetic regulations of axon growth that lead to tumorous spread or uncovering the molecular control of axon interaction with cancer tissue can help to discover new therapeutic targets for these tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Hurník
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical Faculty, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Chyra
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Tereza Ševčíková
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Jan Štembírek
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
| | - Kateřina Smešný Trtková
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology and Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine and University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
| | - Daria A. Gaykalova
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Eva Hrubá
- Laboratory of Molecular Morphogenesis, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
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Yet Ching G, Ramanathan A, George Kallarakkal T, Kadir K. Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Warthin Tumour Occurring As Synchronous Tumours: A Report of Two Cases. Cureus 2022; 14:e22547. [PMID: 35345750 PMCID: PMC8956501 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.22547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer is a common site of cancer worldwide with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) comprising the major segment. The risk factors include tobacco and alcohol abuse, betel quid, and areca nut consumption. Warthin tumour (WT), also known as papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum is a benign tumour of the salivary gland. It is one of the most common benign parotid neoplasms with cigarette smoking and radiation exposure as possible cited etiologic factors. Rarely, two or more histologically distinct neoplasms may occur synchronously. The synchronous occurrence of OSCC and WT is infrequent. The aim of this case series is to report the incidence rate of synchronous OSCC and WT in our centre between 2010 and 2019 and their socio-demographic, clinical, histopathological features, management, and prognosis and discuss the relevant literature. Out of 143 OSCC cases reported in our centre from the year 2010 to 2019, two had synchronous OSCC and WT with an incidence rate of 1.4%. These two cases occurred in a 63-year-old female and a 68-year-old male both with smoking habits. One OSCC was present in the left buccal mucosa and the other in the right ventral surface of the tongue, whereas the WT in both cases occurred in the tail of the parotid. One patient had a recurrence and died while the other is under follow-up without any recurrence. These unusual findings of synchronous occurrence of WT at a distant site from the primary tumour may mimic a malignant disease, more likely a metastasis from the primary OSCC, which could further complicate the management of these patients. Therefore, radiologists, head and neck surgeons, and pathologists should be aware of the occurrence of these unusual presentations to avoid overtreatment in such cases.
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19
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Wan Z, Xiong H, Tan X, Su T, Xia K, Wang D. Integrative Multi-Omics Analysis Reveals Candidate Biomarkers for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2022; 11:794146. [PMID: 35096593 PMCID: PMC8795899 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.794146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. Due to the lack of early detection and treatment, the survival rate of OSCC remains poor and the incidence of OSCC has not decreased during the past decades. To explore potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets for OSCC, we analyzed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with OSCC using RNA sequencing technology. Methylation-regulated and differentially expressed genes (MeDEGs) of OSCC were further identified via an integrative approach by examining publicly available methylomic datasets together with our transcriptomic data. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks of MeDEGs were constructed and highly connected hub MeDEGs were identified from these PPI networks. Subsequently, expression and survival analyses of hub genes were performed using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database and the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) online tool. A total of 56 upregulated MeDEGs and 170 downregulated MeDEGs were identified in OSCC. Eleven hub genes with high degree of connectivity were picked out from the PPI networks constructed by those MeDEGs. Among them, the expression level of four hub genes (CTLA4, CDSN, ACTN2, and MYH11) were found to be significantly changed in the head and neck squamous carcinoma (HNSC) patients. Three hypomethylated hub genes (CTLA4, GPR29, and TNFSF11) and one hypermethylated hub gene (ISL1) were found to be significantly associated with overall survival (OS) of HNSC patients. Therefore, these hub genes may serve as potential DNA methylation biomarkers and therapeutic targets of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengqing Wan
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China.,Postdoctoral Station for Basic Medicine, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Haofeng Xiong
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xian Tan
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China
| | - Tong Su
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Kun Xia
- Center for Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Danling Wang
- Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, China.,The Affiliated Changsha Central Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Changsha, China
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20
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Chen CW, Huang RL, Do AQ, Wang HC, Lee YX, Wang CW, Hsieh CC, Tzeng CR, Hu YM, Chen CH, Weng YC, Su PH, Chen LY, Lai HC. Genome-wide analysis of cervical secretions obtained during embryo transfer reveals the association between deoxyribonucleic acid methylation and pregnancy outcomes. F&S SCIENCE 2022; 3:74-83. [PMID: 35559997 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2021.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study whether the methylation status of cervical secretions can reflect the ability of the endometrium to allow embryo implantation. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING In vitro fertilization centers. PATIENT(S) Women undergoing embryo transfer cycles, in which at least 1 good-quality embryo was transferred. INTERVENTION(S) Collection of cervical secretions during the procedure of embryo transfer. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Methylation profiles of cervical secretions in relation to pregnancy outcomes. RESULT(S) Genome-wide methylation profiles differ between cervical secretions from pregnancy and nonpregnancy cycles. Clustering analysis on the basis of the top 2,000 differentially methylated probes of cervical secretions from 28 pregnancy and 29 nonpregnancy cycles correctly categorized 86.0% of the samples in terms of conceptional status, which was verified in selected genes by quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction and validated in another independent sample set. The combination of selected genes was estimated to predict pregnancy outcomes with a maximal area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83. CONCLUSION(S) The methylation profiles of cervical secretions were associated with pregnancy outcomes in embryo transfer cycles. Although not clinically useful at present, deoxyribonucleic acid methylation in cervical secretions may shed new light on the less invasive assessment of endometrial receptivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rui-Lan Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan; Translational Epigenetic Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Anh Q Do
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hai Phong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hai Phong, Vietnam; International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chen Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Xuan Lee
- Translational Epigenetic Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Fertility Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | - Chi-Huang Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Weng
- Translational Epigenetic Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsuan Su
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan; Translational Epigenetic Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lin-Yu Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan; Translational Epigenetic Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Cheng Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan; Translational Epigenetic Center, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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21
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Actin-like protein 8, a member of cancer/testis antigens, supports the aggressive development of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells via activating cell cycle signaling. Tissue Cell 2022; 75:101708. [PMID: 35051678 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 11/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Due to the malignancy of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), investigations of novel therapeutic targets and prognostic biomarkers are urgently needed. In our present study, significant up-regulation of Actin-like protein 8 (ACTL8) in OSCC patients was observed by bioinformatics analysis with RNA sequencing data obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. The results of Chi-square test revealed that there was a significant correlation between ACTL8 expression and tumor status (T1 + T2/T3+T4) (P = 0.004). Survival analysis indicated a negative correlation between ACTL8 overexpression and prognosis in OSCC (P = 3.984e-02). An ACTL8 knockdown experiment was conducted to evaluate the function of ACTL8 on OSCC cell biological behaviors. The results revealed that knockdown of ACTL8 significantly inhibited the growth and mobility, arrested cell cycle and promoted apoptosis of TCA-83 and CAL27 cells. Moreover, Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) and western blots demonstrated that activation of cell cycle signaling pathway was inhibited by knockdown of ACTL8, as we observed the down-regulation of 4 key proteins (CDK1, cyclin E1, cyclin B2 and c-Myc) in this pathway. The present investigation indicates that ACTL8 plays an oncogenic role in the pathogenesis of OSCC, suggesting that ACTL8 may be a promising therapeutic target and prognosis marker for human OSCC.
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22
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The association of long non-coding RNA in the prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Genes Genomics 2022; 44:327-342. [PMID: 35023067 DOI: 10.1007/s13258-021-01194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral cancer is considered one of the most prevalent cancers in India. This is mainly because India suffers from high usage of tobacco, which is one of the main causative agents of oral cancer, and lacks proper health and sexual hygiene in rural areas. DISCUSSION Non-coding RNAs are reported to be involved in the various mechanism and causality of cancer. Numerous reports have identified viable prospects connecting non-coding RNA (ncRNA) with cancer. Specific ncRNAs like long non-coding RNA or lncRNAs are recently being prioritized as potential associations in the cause of cancer. CONCLUSION This review aims at presenting a concise perspective on the basics and the recent advancements of the lncRNA research pertaining specifically to oral cancer, its recurrence, and the future possibilities of knowledge it might possess.
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23
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Zhou X, Lei S, Li L, Xu T, Gu W, Ma F, Yang R. [Peripheral blood EMR3 gene methylation level is correlated with breast cancer in Chinese women]. NAN FANG YI KE DA XUE XUE BAO = JOURNAL OF SOUTHERN MEDICAL UNIVERSITY 2021; 41:1456-1463. [PMID: 34755660 DOI: 10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2021.10.03] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the association of methylation levels of C19orf57, MAP9, EMR3, NEK6 and PCOLCE2 genes in peripheral blood with breast cancer (BC) in Chinese women. METHODS We collected peripheral blood samples from 258 early-stage BC patients and 272 healthy women. Agena matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) was utilized to quantitatively measure the methylation levels of CpG sites in the genes. The association between DNA methylation and BC was analyzed using a logistic regression model adjusted for covariants. Spearman's correlation analysis was performed to analyze the association between the gene methylation levels and age. The methylation levels of the genes in the BC patients with different clinical characteristics were investigated using non-parametric tests. RESULTS In stead of EMR3 gene hypermethylation as found in BC patients as found in the Caucasian population, EMR3 gene hypomethylation was found to correlate with BC in Chinese women, but this correlation was significant only in women beyond the age of 50 years (for every 10% reduction of the methylation level, EMR3_CpG_1: OR=1.40; EMR3_CpG_2: OR=2.31; EMR3_CpG_3: OR=2.76, P < 0.05). EMR3 methylation was not or was only weakly correlated with tumor stage, size, lymphatic metastasis, ER, PR, HER2, or Ki67. Our data did not show a correlation between C19orf57 methylation and BC. CONCLUSION Peripheral blood EMR3 gene hypomethylation is associated with BC in Chinese women, especially in those at an old age and in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - S Lei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
| | - L Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - T Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - W Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - F Ma
- Department of Medical Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - R Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 211166, China
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24
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Zakir U, Siddiqui NN, Naqvi FUH, Khan R. Aberrant STAT1 methylation as a non-invasive biomarker in blood of HCV induced hepatocellular carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2021; 34:95-103. [PMID: 34657877 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-210216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common types of cancer in the world and a reason behind different oncogenes activation and tumor suppressor genes inactivation. Hyper-methylation of tumor suppressor genes including RASSF1a, GSTP1, p16, and APC cause gene silencing as well as tumor cell invasion. STAT 1 gene is a part of signaling cascade of JAK/STAT and any dysregulation in signaling has been implicated in tumor formation. OBJECTIVE The current investigation focus on the methylation role of STAT1 gene as a non-invasive biomarker in the progression and diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS STAT1 gene methylation status in 46 HCV induced hepatocellular carcinoma patients and 40 non-HCC controls were examined by methylation specific PCR. STAT1 gene expression was examined by real time PCR and further validated by various bioinformatics tools. RESULTS STAT1 methylation in HCV-induced HCC (67.4%) was significantly higher compared to the non-HCC controls (p< 0.01). However, mRNA expression of STAT1 gene in methylated groups was significantly lower compared to unmethylated groups (p< 0.05). Furthermore, insilco analysis of STAT1 validated our results and shown expression of STAT1 mRNA was lower in liver cancer with the median 24.3 (p= 0.085). CONCLUSION After using peripheral blood samples we observed that STAT1 silencing caused by aberrant methylation could be used as potential non-invasive biomarker for the diagnosis of HCV induced hepatocellular carcinoma. We conclude that blood as a sample source could be used instead of biopsy for early detection of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umaira Zakir
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nadir Naveed Siddiqui
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan
| | | | - Rizma Khan
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Dr. Ziauddin Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan
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25
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Wang W, Li H, Qiu Y, Li K, Lu Y, Deng Q, Liu T. Maternally expressed 3 inhibits the biological activity of oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 and CAL27 cell lines. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:784. [PMID: 34594425 PMCID: PMC8456499 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.13045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The abnormal expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) maternally expressed 3 (MEG3) is closely related to several tumor diagnosis and progression, such as endometrial carcinoma and ovarian cancer. However, the role of MEG3 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is rarely reported. The current study aimed to evaluate the expression of lncRNA MEG3 in OSCC tissues and cell lines and its effect on the biological behavior of OSCC cell lines. The expression of lncRNA MEG3 in the OSCC tissues and cell lines was detected by reverse transcription-quantitative (RT-q) PCR. The relationship between MEG3 expression and the clinicopathologic characteristics and prognosis of patients with OSCC was analyzed. The lncRNA MEG3 overexpression plasmid and control plasmid were transfected into SCC25 and CAL27 cell lines using the lipofectin method. MTT assay was performed to detect the growth and proliferation of the cell lines. Transwell chamber test was used to detect changes in cell migration and invasion. Flow cytometry was employed to detect changes in apoptosis. Western blotting and RT-qPCR were conducted to detect the expression of the p53 gene. The expression of lncRNA MEG3 in the OSCC tissues and cell lines was significantly compared with normal tissues and cell lines, respectively. The expression level of MEG3 was related to clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, distant metastasis and survival status. Overexpression of lncRNA MEG3 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SCC25 and CAL27 cell lines, induced apoptosis and promoted the expression of p53 gene. lncRNA MEG3 played the role of a tumor inhibitor gene and significantly inhibited the biological activity of OSCC cell lines, which may provide a novel idea for molecular targeted therapy of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Huanju Li
- Department of Surgery, Gucheng County Hospital, Hengshui, Hebei 253800, P.R. China
| | - Yongle Qiu
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Kunshan Li
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Yueting Lu
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Qianlan Deng
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
| | - Tiejun Liu
- Department of Stomatology, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, P.R. China
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Notarstefano V, Belloni A, Sabbatini S, Pro C, Orilisi G, Monterubbianesi R, Tosco V, Byrne HJ, Vaccari L, Giorgini E. Cytotoxic Effects of 5-Azacytidine on Primary Tumour Cells and Cancer Stem Cells from Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma: An In Vitro FTIRM Analysis. Cells 2021; 10:2127. [PMID: 34440896 PMCID: PMC8392608 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, the cytotoxic effects of 5-azacytidine on primary Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma cells (OSCCs) from human biopsies, and on Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) from the same samples, were investigated by an in vitro Fourier Transform InfraRed Microscospectroscopy (FTIRM) approach coupled with multivariate analysis. OSCC is an aggressive tumoral lesion of the epithelium, accounting for ~90% of all oral cancers. It is usually diagnosed in advanced stages, and this causes a poor prognosis with low success rates of surgical, as well as radiation and chemotherapy treatments. OSCC is frequently characterised by recurrence after chemotherapy and by the development of a refractoriness to some employed drugs, which is probably ascribable to the presence of CSCs niches, responsible for cancer growth, chemoresistance and metastasis. The spectral information from FTIRM was correlated with the outcomes of cytotoxicity tests and image-based cytometry, and specific spectral signatures attributable to 5-azacytidine treatment were identified, allowing us to hypothesise the demethylation of DNA and, hence, an increase in the transcriptional activity, together with a conformational transition of DNA, and a triggering of cell death by an apoptosis mechanism. Moreover, a different mechanism of action between OSSC and CSC cells was highlighted, probably due to possible differences between OSCCs and CSCs response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Notarstefano
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.N.); (A.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Alessia Belloni
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.N.); (A.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Simona Sabbatini
- Department of Material, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy;
| | - Chiara Pro
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.N.); (A.B.); (C.P.)
| | - Giulia Orilisi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.O.); (R.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Riccardo Monterubbianesi
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.O.); (R.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Vincenzo Tosco
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Stomatology, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60126 Ancona, Italy; (G.O.); (R.M.); (V.T.)
| | - Hugh J. Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, Dublin 8, Ireland;
| | - Lisa Vaccari
- Elettra Sincrotrone Trieste, SISSI Beamline, 34149 Basovizza, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Giorgini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Università Politecnica Delle Marche, 60131 Ancona, Italy; (V.N.); (A.B.); (C.P.)
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Zhu L, Sun H, Tian G, Wang J, Zhou Q, Liu P, Tang X, Shi X, Yang L, Liu G. Development and validation of a risk prediction model and nomogram for colon adenocarcinoma based on methylation-driven genes. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:16600-16619. [PMID: 34182539 PMCID: PMC8266312 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Evidence suggests that abnormal DNA methylation patterns play a crucial role in the etiology and pathogenesis of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD). In this study, we identified a total of 97 methylation-driven genes (MDGs) through a comprehensive analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. Univariate Cox regression analysis identified four MDGs (CBLN2, RBM47, SLCO4C1, and TMEM220) associated with overall survival (OS) in COAD patients. A risk prediction model was then developed based on these four MDGs to predict the prognosis of COAD patients. We also created a nomogram that incorporated risk scores, age, and TNM stage to promote a personalized prediction of OS in COAD patients. Compared with the traditional TNM staging system, our new nomogram was better at predicting the OS of COAD patients. In cell experiments, we confirmed that the mRNA expression levels of CLBN2 and TMEM220 were regulated by the methylation of their promoter regions. Moreover, immunohistochemistry showed that CBLN2 and TMEM220 were potential prognostic biomarkers for COAD patients. In summary, we have established a risk prediction model and nomogram that might be effectively utilized to promote the prediction of OS in COAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangyu Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Hongyu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Guo Tian
- Department of Medical Record, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, P.R. China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050000, P.R. China
| | - Qian Zhou
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, P.R. China
| | - Pu Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Xuejiao Tang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Xinrui Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Hebei Key Laboratory of Environment and Human Health, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, P.R. China
| | - Guangjie Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, P.R. China
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Flausino CS, Daniel FI, Modolo F. DNA methylation in oral squamous cell carcinoma: from its role in carcinogenesis to potential inhibitor drugs. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2021; 164:103399. [PMID: 34147646 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2021.103399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation is one of epigenetic changes most frequently studied nowadays, together with its relationship with oral carcinogenesis. A group of enzymes is responsible for methylation process, known as DNA methyltransferases (DNMT). Although essential during embryogenesis, DNA methylation pattern alterations, including global hypomethylation or gene promoter hypermethylation, can be respectively associated with chromosomal instability and tumor suppressor gene silencing. Higher expression of DNA methyltransferases is a common finding in oral cancer and may contribute to inactivation of important tumor suppressor genes, influencing development, progression, metastasis, and prognosis of the tumor. To control these alterations, inhibitor drugs have been developed as a way to regulate DNMT overexpression, and they are intended to be associated with ongoing chemo- and radiotherapy in oral cancer treatments. In this article, we aimed to highlight the current knowledge about DNA methylation in oral cancer, including main hyper/hypomethylated genes, DNMT expression and its inhibitor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Filipe Ivan Daniel
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
| | - Filipe Modolo
- Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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29
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Soares-Lima SC, Mehanna H, Camuzi D, de Souza-Santos PT, Simão TDA, Nicolau-Neto P, Almeida Lopes MDS, Cuenin C, Talukdar FR, Batis N, Costa I, Dias F, Degli Esposti D, Boroni M, Herceg Z, Ribeiro Pinto LF. Upper Aerodigestive Tract Squamous Cell Carcinomas Show Distinct Overall DNA Methylation Profiles and Different Molecular Mechanisms behind WNT Signaling Disruption. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:3014. [PMID: 34208581 PMCID: PMC8234055 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13123014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) tumors present different biological behavior and prognosis, suggesting specific molecular mechanisms underlying their development. However, they are rarely considered as single entities (particularly head and neck subsites) and share the most common genetic alterations. Therefore, there is a need for a better understanding of the global DNA methylation differences among UADT tumors. We performed a genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of esophageal (ESCC), laryngeal (LSCC), oral (OSCC) and oropharyngeal (OPSCC) squamous cell carcinomas, and their non-tumor counterparts. The unsupervised analysis showed that non-tumor tissues present markedly distinct DNA methylation profiles, while tumors are highly heterogeneous. Hypomethylation was more frequent in LSCC and OPSCC, while ESCC and OSCC presented mostly hypermethylation, with the latter showing a CpG island overrepresentation. Differentially methylated regions affected genes in 127 signaling pathways, with only 3.1% of these being common among different tumor subsites, but with different genes affected. The WNT signaling pathway, known to be dysregulated in different epithelial tumors, is a frequent hit for DNA methylation and gene expression alterations in ESCC and OPSCC, but mostly for genetic alterations in LSCC and OSCC. UADT tumor subsites present differences in genome-wide methylation regarding their profile, intensity, genomic regions and signaling pathways affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Coelho Soares-Lima
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37–6° Andar, Bairro de Fátima, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil; (S.C.S.-L.); (D.C.); (P.N.-N.); (M.d.S.A.L.)
| | - Hisham Mehanna
- Institute of Head and Neck Studies and Education (InHANSE), Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Diego Camuzi
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37–6° Andar, Bairro de Fátima, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil; (S.C.S.-L.); (D.C.); (P.N.-N.); (M.d.S.A.L.)
| | | | - Tatiana de Almeida Simão
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. 28 de Setembro 87 fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551-013, Brazil;
| | - Pedro Nicolau-Neto
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37–6° Andar, Bairro de Fátima, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil; (S.C.S.-L.); (D.C.); (P.N.-N.); (M.d.S.A.L.)
| | - Monique de Souza Almeida Lopes
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37–6° Andar, Bairro de Fátima, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil; (S.C.S.-L.); (D.C.); (P.N.-N.); (M.d.S.A.L.)
| | - Cyrille Cuenin
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (C.C.); (F.R.T.); (D.D.E.); (Z.H.)
| | - Fazlur Rahman Talukdar
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (C.C.); (F.R.T.); (D.D.E.); (Z.H.)
| | - Nikolaos Batis
- Institute of Head and Neck Studies and Education (InHANSE), Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK; (H.M.); (N.B.)
| | - Izabella Costa
- Seção de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Instituto Nacional de Câncer—INCA, Praça da Cruz Vermelha, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, Brazil; (I.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Fernando Dias
- Seção de Cirurgia de Cabeça e Pescoço, Instituto Nacional de Câncer—INCA, Praça da Cruz Vermelha, Rio de Janeiro 20230-130, Brazil; (I.C.); (F.D.)
| | - Davide Degli Esposti
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (C.C.); (F.R.T.); (D.D.E.); (Z.H.)
| | - Mariana Boroni
- Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Lab, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37–1° Andar, Bairro de Fátima, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil;
| | - Zdenko Herceg
- Epigenetics Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, CEDEX 08, 69372 Lyon, France; (C.C.); (F.R.T.); (D.D.E.); (Z.H.)
| | - Luis Felipe Ribeiro Pinto
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, Brazilian National Cancer Institute, Rua André Cavalcanti, 37–6° Andar, Bairro de Fátima, Rio de Janeiro 20231-050, Brazil; (S.C.S.-L.); (D.C.); (P.N.-N.); (M.d.S.A.L.)
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Biologia Roberto Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Av. 28 de Setembro 87 fundos, Vila Isabel, Rio de Janeiro 20551-013, Brazil;
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Yi JM. DNA Methylation Change Profiling of Colorectal Disease: Screening towards Clinical Use. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11050412. [PMID: 33946400 PMCID: PMC8147151 DOI: 10.3390/life11050412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Colon cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Transformation of colon epithelial cells into invasive adenocarcinomas has been well known to be due to the accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic changes. In the past decade, the etiology of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which is characterized by chronic inflammation of the intestinal mucosa, was only partially explained by genetic studies providing susceptibility loci, but recently epigenetic studies have provided critical evidences affecting IBD pathogenesis. Over the past decade, A deep understanding of epigenetics along with technological advances have led to identifying numerous genes that are regulated by promoter DNA hypermethylation in colorectal diseases. Recent advances in our understanding of the role of DNA methylation in colorectal diseases could improve a multitude of powerful DNA methylation-based biomarkers, particularly for use as diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction for therapeutic approaches. This review focuses on the emerging potential for translational research of epigenetic alterations into clinical utility as molecular biomarkers. Moreover, this review discusses recent progress regarding the identification of unknown hypermethylated genes in colon cancers and IBD, as well as their possible role in clinical practice, which will have important clinical significance, particularly in the era of the personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joo Mi Yi
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea;
- Innovative Therapeutics Research Institute, College of Medicine, Inje University, Busan 47392, Korea
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31
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Franssen LC, Sfakianakis N, Chaplain MAJ. A novel 3D atomistic-continuum cancer invasion model: In silico simulations of an in vitro organotypic invasion assay. J Theor Biol 2021; 522:110677. [PMID: 33781776 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2021.110677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We develop a three-dimensional genuinely hybrid atomistic-continuum model that describes the invasive growth dynamics of individual cancer cells in tissue. The framework explicitly accounts for phenotypic variation by distinguishing between cancer cells of an epithelial-like and a mesenchymal-like phenotype. It also describes mutations between these cell phenotypes in the form of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and its reverse process mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). The proposed model consists of a hybrid system of partial and stochastic differential equations that describe the evolution of epithelial-like and mesenchymal-like cancer cells, respectively, under the consideration of matrix-degrading enzyme concentrations and the extracellular matrix density. With the help of inverse parameter estimation and a sensitivity analysis, this three-dimensional model is then calibrated to an in vitro organotypic invasion assay experiment of oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linnea C Franssen
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK; Roche, pRED, Translational Modeling & Simulation, Basel, Switzerland.
| | | | - Mark A J Chaplain
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK.
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32
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De Loma J, Gliga AR, Levi M, Ascui F, Gardon J, Tirado N, Broberg K. Arsenic Exposure and Cancer-Related Proteins in Urine of Indigenous Bolivian Women. Front Public Health 2020; 8:605123. [PMID: 33381488 PMCID: PMC7767847 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2020.605123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Indigenous people living in the Bolivian Andes are exposed through their drinking water to inorganic arsenic, a potent carcinogen. However, the health consequences of arsenic exposure in this region are unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between arsenic exposure and changes in cancer-related proteins in indigenous women (n = 176) from communities around the Andean Lake Poopó, Bolivia. Arsenic exposure was assessed in whole blood (B-As) and urine (as the sum of arsenic metabolites, U-As) by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Cancer-related proteins (N = 92) were measured in urine using the proximity extension assay. The median B-As concentration was 2.1 (range 0.60-9.1) ng/g, and U-As concentration was 67 (12-399) μg/L. Using linear regression models adjusted for age, urinary osmolality, and urinary leukocytes, we identified associations between B-As and four putative cancer-related proteins: FASLG, SEZ6L, LYPD3, and TFPI2. Increasing B-As concentrations were associated with lower protein expression of SEZ6L, LYPD3, and TFPI2, and with higher expression of FASLG in urine (no association was statistically significant after correcting for multiple comparisons). The associations were similar across groups with different arsenic metabolism efficiency, a susceptibility factor for arsenic toxicity. In conclusion, arsenic exposure in this region was associated with changes in the expression of some cancer-related proteins in urine. Future research is warranted to understand if these proteins could serve as valid biomarkers for arsenic-related toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica De Loma
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anda R Gliga
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Michael Levi
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Franz Ascui
- Programa de Salud Familiar Comunitaria e Intercultural, Ministerio de Salud Bolivia, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Jacques Gardon
- Hydrosciences Montpellier, Université de Montpellier, Institut de Recherche pour le Développement, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Montpellier, France
| | - Noemi Tirado
- Genetics Institute, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Karin Broberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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33
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Tonkaboni A, Lotfibakhshaiesh N, Danesh P, Tajerian R, Ziaei H. Evaluation of Inhibitory Effects of Caffeine on Human Carcinoma Cells. Nutr Cancer 2020; 73:1998-2002. [PMID: 32996789 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2020.1819344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
One of the world's most consumed medications is caffeine which is available in the vast majority of beverages. Previously, some effects of caffeine have been evaluated including its inhibitory effect on cancer cells. But, the influence of caffeine on esophagus carcinoma squamous cells (CSC) and head and neck carcinoma cells still has not well understood. Herein, the relation between different amounts of caffeine with the proliferation rate of human esophagus carcinoma squamous cell line KYSE-30 as well as human head and neck carcinoma cell line HN5 was evaluated. Furthermore, concentrations of caffeine were adjusted and their effect on cells were studied. The inhibitory effects of caffeine on cells were measured using the conventional colorimetric MTT assay after 3 and 7 day of incubation. Our findings are suggested that caffeine has a significant inhibitory effect on both cell lines at the concentrations of 20, 50, and 70 milli-mol (mmol). The result shows that caffeine can prevent the proliferation of carcinoma cells and it is a perfect candidate for therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghavan Tonkaboni
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine, School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasrin Lotfibakhshaiesh
- Department of Tissue Engineering and Applied Cell Sciences, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pariya Danesh
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roksana Tajerian
- Department of Modern Sciences and Technologies, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran
| | - Heliya Ziaei
- School of Dentistry, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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34
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Dongoran RA, Wang KH, Lin TJ, Yuan TC, Liu CH. Anti-Proliferative Effect of Statins Is Mediated by DNMT1 Inhibition and p21 Expression in OSCC Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082084. [PMID: 32731382 PMCID: PMC7463937 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Statins, also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are a class of cholesterol-lowering drugs and their anti-cancer effects have been studied in different types of malignant diseases. In the present study, we investigated the anti-proliferative effects of statins, including cerivastatin and simvastatin, on oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cells. Our data showed that statins inhibited the proliferation of three OSCC cell lines in a dose-dependent manner and this growth inhibition was confirmed through G0/G1 cell cycle arrest. Accordingly, we found the upregulation of p21 and downregulation of cyclin-dependent kinases, including CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6, in the statin-treated cells. Importantly, we clearly showed that statins were able to inhibit the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and further promote the expression of p21. Taken together, our data demonstrated that the anti-proliferative effect of statins is mediated by suppressing DNMT1 expression, thus promoting p21 expression and leading to G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in OSCC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachmad Anres Dongoran
- Ph.D. Program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (R.A.D.); (T.-J.L.)
- Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (Indonesian FDA), Jakarta 10560, Indonesia
| | - Kai-Hung Wang
- Department of Medical Research, Tzu Chi Hospital, Hualien 97004, Taiwan;
| | - Tsung-Jen Lin
- Ph.D. Program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (R.A.D.); (T.-J.L.)
| | - Ta-Chun Yuan
- Department of Life Science, College of Science and Engineering, National Dong Hwa University, Hualien 97401, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-C.Y.); (C.-H.L.)
| | - Chin-Hung Liu
- Ph.D. Program in Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan; (R.A.D.); (T.-J.L.)
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 97004, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (T.-C.Y.); (C.-H.L.)
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Ge C, Dong J, Chu Y, Cao S, Zhang J, Wei J. LncRNA FGD5-AS1 promotes tumor growth by regulating MCL1 via sponging miR-153-3p in oral cancer. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:14355-14364. [PMID: 32675387 PMCID: PMC7425438 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the function of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) FGD5-AS1 in oral cancer (OC) and to further clarify the regulation of FGD5-AS1 on miR-153-3p/MCL1 axis. Results: FGD5-AS1 was significantly increased in OC tissues and cells. Loss of FGD5-AS1 inhibited the proliferation, migration and invasion of OC cells. FGD5-AS1 acted as a sponge of miR-153-3p, and MCL1 was direct target of miR-153-3p. Forced expression of miR-153-3p or inhibition of MCL1 reversed the promoted role of FGD5-AS1 on OC cells’ migration and invasion. The in vivo tumor growth assay showed that FGD5-AS1 promoted OC tumorigenesis by regulating miR-153-3p/MCL1 axis. Conclusions: Our research revealed lncRNA FGD5-AS1 acted as an oncogene by regulating MCL1 via sponging miR-153-3p, thus providing some novel experimental basis for clinical treatment or prevention of OC. Patients and Methods: The mRNA expression of FGD5-AS1, miR-153-3p and MCL1 was detected by qRT-PCR. CCK8 assay, Edu assay, wound healing assay and transwell assay were used to detect the FGD5-AS1/ miR-153-3p/MCL1 axis function on proliferation, migration and invasion in OC cells. Western blot was used to calculate protein level of MCL1. Luciferase assay was used to detect the binding of miR-153-3p and MCL1, FGD5-AS1and miR-153-3p.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Ge
- Department of Stomatology Clinic, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jiali Dong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Yi He Maternity Hospital, Cangzhou People's Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yahui Chu
- Department of Stomatology Clinic, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Sumin Cao
- Department of Stomatology Clinic, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Stomatology Clinic, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
| | - Jianming Wei
- Department of Stomatology Clinic, Cangzhou Central Hospital, Cangzhou, Hebei Province, China
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Zhang TJ, Zhang LC, Xu ZJ, Zhou JD. Expression and prognosis analysis of DNMT family in acute myeloid leukemia. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:14677-14690. [PMID: 32597790 PMCID: PMC7425446 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) by regulating DNA methylation play crucial roles in the progression of hematologic malignancies, especially for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Accumulating investigations have identified the high incidence of DNMT3A mutation in AML, and it is correlated with poor prognosis. Although a few studies have shown the expression of DNMTs and their clinical significance in AML, the results remain to be discussed. Herein, we systemically analyzed the DNMTs expression and their relationship with clinic-pathological features and prognosis in AML patients. DNMTs expression especially for DNMT3A/3B was closely associated with AML among various human cancers. DNMT3A expression was increased in AML patients, whereas DNMT3B expression was decreased. Significant associations between DNMT3A/B expression and clinic-pathological features/gene mutations were observed. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that DNMT3A expression was associated with better overall survival (OS) and leukemia-free survival (LFS) among whole-cohort AML, and independently affected OS determined by Cox repression multivariate analysis. Notably, patients that received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) showed significantly better OS and LFS in DNMT3A lower-expressed groups, whereas patients in DNMT3A higher-expressed groups did not. By bioinformatics analysis, DNMT3A expression was found to be positively correlated with several leukemia-associated genes/microRNAs, and DNMT3A was identified as direct targets of miR-429 and miR-29b in AML. Collectively, our study demonstrated that DNMT3A/3B showed significant expression differences in AML. DNMT3A expression acted as a potential prognostic biomarker and may guide treatment choice between chemotherapy and HSCT in AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting-Juan Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Malignancies of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Liu-Chao Zhang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Shanghai Deji Hospital, Qingdao University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zi-Jun Xu
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Malignancies of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory Center, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing-Dong Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- Zhenjiang Clinical Research Center of Hematology, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
- The Key Lab of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment in Hematologic Malignancies of Zhenjiang, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China
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37
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Expression analysis of DUSP6, DAB2IP, and RKIP genes in patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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38
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Li Q, Dong H, Yang G, Song Y, Mou Y, Ni Y. Mouse Tumor-Bearing Models as Preclinical Study Platforms for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:212. [PMID: 32158692 PMCID: PMC7052016 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.00212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Preclinical animal models of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have been extensively studied in recent years. Investigating the pathogenesis and potential therapeutic strategies of OSCC is required to further progress in this field, and a suitable research animal model that reflects the intricacies of cancer biology is crucial. Of the animal models established for the study of cancers, mouse tumor-bearing models are among the most popular and widely deployed for their high fertility, low cost, and molecular and physiological similarity to humans, as well as the ease of rearing experimental mice. Currently, the different methods of establishing OSCC mouse models can be divided into three categories: chemical carcinogen-induced, transplanted and genetically engineered mouse models. Each of these methods has unique advantages and limitations, and the appropriate application of these techniques in OSCC research deserves our attention. Therefore, this review comprehensively investigates and summarizes the tumorigenesis mechanisms, characteristics, establishment methods, and current applications of OSCC mouse models in published papers. The objective of this review is to provide foundations and considerations for choosing suitable model establishment methods to study the relevant pathogenesis, early diagnosis, and clinical treatment of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Li
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Heng Dong
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangwen Yang
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuxian Song
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yongbin Mou
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Oral Implantology, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Yongbin Mou
| | - Yanhong Ni
- Central Laboratory, Nanjing Stomatological Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Yanhong Ni
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Gaździcka J, Gołąbek K, Strzelczyk JK, Ostrowska Z. Epigenetic Modifications in Head and Neck Cancer. Biochem Genet 2019; 58:213-244. [PMID: 31712935 PMCID: PMC7113219 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-019-09941-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common human malignancy in the world, with high mortality and poor prognosis for patients. Among the risk factors are tobacco and alcohol intake, human papilloma virus, and also genetic and epigenetic modifications. Many studies show that epigenetic events play an important role in HNSCC development and progression, including DNA methylation, chromatin remodeling, histone posttranslational covalent modifications, and effects of non-coding RNA. Epigenetic modifications may influence silencing of tumor suppressor genes by promoter hypermethylation, regulate transcription by microRNAs and changes in chromatin structure, or induce genome instability through hypomethylation. Moreover, getting to better understand aberrant patterns of methylation may provide biomarkers for early detection and diagnosis, while knowledge about target genes of microRNAs may improve the therapy of HNSCC and extend overall survival. The aim of this review is to present recent studies which demonstrate the role of epigenetic regulation in the development of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jadwiga Gaździcka
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 19 Str., 41-808, Zabrze, Katowice, Poland.
| | - Karolina Gołąbek
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 19 Str., 41-808, Zabrze, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Katarzyna Strzelczyk
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 19 Str., 41-808, Zabrze, Katowice, Poland
| | - Zofia Ostrowska
- Department of Medical and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Jordana 19 Str., 41-808, Zabrze, Katowice, Poland
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