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Shao J, Xu Y, Olsen RJ, Kasparian S, Sun K, Mathur S, Zhang J, He C, Chen SH, Bernicker EH, Li Z. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine in Cell-Free DNA Predicts Immunotherapy Response in Lung Cancer. Cells 2024; 13:715. [PMID: 38667328 PMCID: PMC11049556 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) drastically improve therapeutic outcomes for lung cancer, but accurately predicting individual patient responses to ICIs remains a challenge. We performed the genome-wide profiling of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in 85 plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) samples from lung cancer patients and developed a 5hmC signature that was significantly associated with progression-free survival (PFS). We built a 5hmC predictive model to quantify the 5hmC level and validated the model in the validation, test, and control sets. Low weighted predictive scores (wp-scores) were significantly associated with a longer PFS compared to high wp-scores in the validation [median 7.6 versus 1.8 months; p = 0.0012; hazard ratio (HR) 0.12; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.03-0.54] and test (median 14.9 versus 3.3 months; p = 0.00074; HR 0.10; 95% CI, 0.02-0.50) sets. Objective response rates in patients with a low or high wp-score were 75.0% (95% CI, 42.8-94.5%) versus 0.0% (95% CI, 0.0-60.2%) in the validation set (p = 0.019) and 80.0% (95% CI, 44.4-97.5%) versus 0.0% (95% CI, 0.0-36.9%) in the test set (p = 0.0011). The wp-scores were also significantly associated with PFS in patients receiving single-agent ICI treatment (p < 0.05). In addition, the 5hmC predictive signature demonstrated superior predictive capability to tumor programmed death-ligand 1 and specificity to ICI treatment response prediction. Moreover, we identified novel 5hmC-associated genes and signaling pathways integral to ICI treatment response in lung cancer. This study provides proof-of-concept evidence that the cfDNA 5hmC signature is a robust biomarker for predicting ICI treatment response in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Shao
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA (R.J.O.)
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA (S.M.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Yitian Xu
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA (S.M.); (S.-H.C.)
| | - Randall J. Olsen
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA (R.J.O.)
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA (S.M.); (S.-H.C.)
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Saro Kasparian
- Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA (E.H.B.)
- Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Kai Sun
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA (E.H.B.)
| | - Sunil Mathur
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA (S.M.); (S.-H.C.)
- Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA (E.H.B.)
| | - Jun Zhang
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA (E.H.B.)
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Shu-Hsia Chen
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA (S.M.); (S.-H.C.)
- Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA (E.H.B.)
| | - Eric H. Bernicker
- Neal Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA (E.H.B.)
| | - Zejuan Li
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA (R.J.O.)
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA (S.M.); (S.-H.C.)
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Ren Y, Zhang Z, She Y, He Y, Li D, Shi Y, He C, Yang Y, Zhang W, Chen C. A Highly Sensitive and Specific Non-Invasive Test through Genome-Wide 5-Hydroxymethylation Mapping for Early Detection of Lung Cancer. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300747. [PMID: 37990399 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Low-dose computed tomography screening can increase the detection for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). To improve the diagnostic accuracy of early-stage NSCLC detection, ultrasensitive methods are used to detect cell-free DNA (cfDNA) 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in plasma. Genome-wide 5hmC is profiled in 1990 cfDNA samples collected from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC, n = 727), healthy controls (HEA, n = 1,092), as well as patients with small cell lung cancer (SCLC, n = 41), followed by sample randomization, differential analysis, feature selection, and modeling using a machine learning approach. Differentially modified features reflecting tissue origin. A weighted diagnostic model comprised of 105 features is developed to compute a detection score for each individual, which showed an area under the curve (AUC) range of 86.4%-93.1% in the internal and external validation sets for distinguishing lung cancer from HEA controls, significantly outperforming serum biomarkers (p < 0.001). The 5hmC-based model detected high-risk pulmonary nodules (AUC: 82%)and lung cancer of different subtypes with high accuracy as well. A highly sensitive and specific blood-based test is developed for detecting lung cancer. The 5hmC biomarkers in cfDNA offer a promising blood-based test for lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijiu Ren
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zhou Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Yunlang She
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yayi He
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- Shanghai Epican Genetech, Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Yixiang Shi
- Bionova (Shanghai) Medical Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
- The Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
- The Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200433, China
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3
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Shao J, Olsen RJ, Kasparian S, He C, Bernicker EH, Li Z. Cell-Free DNA 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine Signatures for Lung Cancer Prognosis. Cells 2024; 13:298. [PMID: 38391911 PMCID: PMC10886903 DOI: 10.3390/cells13040298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Accurate prognostic markers are essential for guiding effective lung cancer treatment strategies. The level of 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) in tissue is independently associated with overall survival (OS) in lung cancer patients. We explored the prognostic value of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) 5hmC through genome-wide analysis of 5hmC in plasma samples from 97 lung cancer patients. In both training and validation sets, we discovered a cfDNA 5hmC signature significantly associated with OS in lung cancer patients. We built a 5hmC prognostic model and calculated the weighted predictive scores (wp-score) for each sample. Low wp-scores were significantly associated with longer OS compared to high wp-scores in the training [median 22.9 versus 8.2 months; p = 1.30 × 10-10; hazard ratio (HR) 0.04; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.00-0.16] and validation (median 18.8 versus 5.2 months; p = 0.00059; HR 0.22; 95% CI: 0.09-0.57) sets. The 5hmC signature independently predicted prognosis and outperformed age, sex, smoking, and TNM stage for predicting lung cancer outcomes. Our findings reveal critical genes and signaling pathways with aberrant 5hmC levels, enhancing our understanding of lung cancer pathophysiology. The study underscores the potential of cfDNA 5hmC as a superior prognostic tool for guiding more personalized therapeutic strategies for lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianming Shao
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Randall J. Olsen
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Saro Kasparian
- Cancer Center, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Department of Medical Oncology, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Chuan He
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | | | - Zejuan Li
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Zhu D, Wang H, Wu W, Geng S, Zhong G, Li Y, Guo H, Long G, Ren Q, Luan Y, Duan C, Wei B, Ma J, Li S, Zhou J, Mao M. Circulating cell-free DNA fragmentation is a stepwise and conserved process linked to apoptosis. BMC Biol 2023; 21:253. [PMID: 37953260 PMCID: PMC10642009 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-023-01752-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is a pool of short DNA fragments mainly released from apoptotic hematopoietic cells. Nevertheless, the precise physiological process governing the DNA fragmentation and molecular profile of cfDNA remains obscure. To dissect the DNA fragmentation process, we use a human leukemia cell line HL60 undergoing apoptosis to analyze the size distribution of DNA fragments by shallow whole-genome sequencing (sWGS). Meanwhile, we also scrutinize the size profile of plasma cfDNA in 901 healthy human subjects and 38 dogs, as well as 438 patients with six common cancer types by sWGS. RESULTS Distinct size distribution profiles were observed in the HL60 cell pellet and supernatant, suggesting fragmentation is a stepwise process. Meanwhile, C-end preference was seen in both intracellular and extracellular cfDNA fragments. Moreover, the cfDNA profiles are characteristic and conserved across mammals. Compared with healthy subjects, distinct cfDNA profiles with a higher proportion of short fragments and lower C-end preference were found in cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides new insight into fragmentomics of circulating cfDNA processing, which will be useful for early diagnosis of cancer and surveillance during cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhu
- Clinical Laboratories, Shenyou Bio, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Haihong Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, CNRS-LIA Hematology and Cancer, Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Wei Wu
- Research & Development, SeekIn Inc, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Shuaipeng Geng
- Clinical Laboratories, Shenyou Bio, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Guolin Zhong
- Research & Development, SeekIn Inc, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yunfei Li
- Research & Development, SeekIn Inc, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Han Guo
- Clinical Laboratories, Shenyou Bio, Zhengzhou, 450000, China
| | - Guanghui Long
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Qingqi Ren
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Yi Luan
- Clinical Laboratories, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Chaohui Duan
- Clinical Laboratories, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Bing Wei
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Jie Ma
- Department of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University and Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, China
| | - Shiyong Li
- Research & Development, SeekIn Inc, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Jun Zhou
- Shanghai Institute of Hematology, CNRS-LIA Hematology and Cancer, Sino-French Research Center for Life Sciences and Genomics, State Key Laboratory of Medical Genomics, Rui Jin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Mao Mao
- Research & Development, SeekIn Inc, Shenzhen, 518000, China.
- Yonsei Song-Dang Institute for Cancer Research, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, South Korea.
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Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang C, Wang X. TET (Ten-eleven translocation) family proteins: structure, biological functions and applications. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:297. [PMID: 37563110 PMCID: PMC10415333 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01537-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Ten-eleven translocation (TET) family proteins (TETs), specifically, TET1, TET2 and TET3, can modify DNA by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) iteratively to yield 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxycytosine (5caC), and then two of these intermediates (5fC and 5caC) can be excised and return to unmethylated cytosines by thymine-DNA glycosylase (TDG)-mediated base excision repair. Because DNA methylation and demethylation play an important role in numerous biological processes, including zygote formation, embryogenesis, spatial learning and immune homeostasis, the regulation of TETs functions is complicated, and dysregulation of their functions is implicated in many diseases such as myeloid malignancies. In addition, recent studies have demonstrated that TET2 is able to catalyze the hydroxymethylation of RNA to perform post-transcriptional regulation. Notably, catalytic-independent functions of TETs in certain biological contexts have been identified, further highlighting their multifunctional roles. Interestingly, by reactivating the expression of selected target genes, accumulated evidences support the potential therapeutic use of TETs-based DNA methylation editing tools in disorders associated with epigenetic silencing. In this review, we summarize recent key findings in TETs functions, activity regulators at various levels, technological advances in the detection of 5hmC, the main TETs oxidative product, and TETs emerging applications in epigenetic editing. Furthermore, we discuss existing challenges and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinchao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China
| | - Chaofu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
| | - Xu Wang
- Department of Pathology, Ruijin Hospital and College of Basic Medical Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
- Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Ministry of Education, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200025, China.
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Zhang Z, Pi X, Gao C, Zhang J, Xia L, Yan X, Hu X, Yan Z, Zhang S, Wei A, Guo Y, Liu J, Li A, Liu X, Zhang W, Liu Y, Xie D. Integrated fragmentomic profile and 5-Hydroxymethylcytosine of capture-based low-pass sequencing data enables pan-cancer detection via cfDNA. Transl Oncol 2023; 34:101694. [PMID: 37209526 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2023.101694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Using epigenetic markers and fragmentomics of cell-free DNA for cancer detection has been proven applicable. METHODS We further investigated the diagnostic potential of combining two features (epigenetic markers and fragmentomic information) of cell-free DNA for detecting various types of cancers. To do this, we extracted cfDNA fragmentomic features from 191 whole-genome sequencing data and studied them in 396 low-pass 5hmC sequencing data, which included four common cancer types and control samples. RESULTS In our analysis of 5hmC sequencing data from cancer samples, we observed aberrant ultra-long fragments (220-500 bp) that differed from normal samples in terms of both size and coverage profile. These fragments played a significant role in predicting cancer. Leveraging the ability to detect cfDNA hydroxymethylation and fragmentomic markers simultaneously in low-pass 5hmC sequencing data, we developed an integrated model that incorporated 63 features representing both fragmentomic features and hydroxymethylation signatures. This model achieved high sensitivity and specificity for pan-cancer detection (88.52% and 82.35%, respectively). CONCLUSION We showed that fragmentomic information in 5hmC sequencing data is an ideal marker for cancer detection and that it shows high performance in low-pass sequencing data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Zhang
- Laboratory of Omics Technology and Bioinformatics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
| | - Xuenan Pi
- Laboratory of Omics Technology and Bioinformatics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
| | - Chang Gao
- Laboratory of Omics Technology and Bioinformatics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Tailai Inc., Shanghai 200233, P. R. China
| | - Lin Xia
- Laboratory of Omics Technology and Bioinformatics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
| | | | - Xinlei Hu
- Laboratory of Omics Technology and Bioinformatics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
| | - Ziyue Yan
- Tailai Inc., Shanghai 200233, P. R. China
| | - Shuxin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
| | - Ailin Wei
- Guang'an People's Hospital, Guang'an, China
| | - Yuer Guo
- Laboratory of Omics Technology and Bioinformatics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
| | - Jingfeng Liu
- Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xihong Road 312, Fuzhou 350025, Fujian Province, P. R. China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Xihong Road 312, Fuzhou 350025, Fujian Province, P. R. China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital of the Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yanhui Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P. R. China
| | - Dan Xie
- Laboratory of Omics Technology and Bioinformatics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, P. R. China.
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7
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A method for early diagnosis of lung cancer from tumor originated DNA fragments using plasma cfDNA methylome and fragmentome profiles. Mol Cell Probes 2022; 66:101873. [PMID: 36379302 DOI: 10.1016/j.mcp.2022.101873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Early detection is critical for minimizing mortality from cancer. Plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) contains the signatures of tumor DNA, allowing us to quantify the signature and diagnose early-stage tumors. Here, we report a novel tumor fragment quantification method, TOF (Tumor Originated Fragment) for the diagnosis of lung cancer by quantifying and analyzing both the plasma cfDNA methylation patterns and fragmentomic signatures. TOF utilizes the amount of ctDNA predicted from the methylation density information of each cfDNA read mapped on 6243 lung-tumor-specific CpG markers. The 6243 tumor-specific markers were derived from lung tumor tissues by comparing them with corresponding normal tissues and healthy blood from public methylation data. TOF also utilizes two cfDNA fragmentomic signatures: 1) the short fragment ratio, and 2) the 5' end-motif profile. We used 298 plasma samples to analyze cfDNA signatures using enzymatic methyl-sequencing data from 201 lung cancer patients and 97 healthy controls. The TOF score showed 0.98 of the area under the curve in correctly classifying lung cancer from normal samples. The TOF score resolution was high enough to clearly differentiate even the early-stage non-small cell lung cancer patients from the healthy controls. The same was true for small cell lung cancer patients.
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8
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Zhang C, Zhou W, Tan Y, Tian D, Zhong C. 5-Hydroxymethylcytosines in circulating cell-free DNA reveal a diagnostic biomarker for glioma. Heliyon 2022; 8:e11022. [PMID: 36281400 PMCID: PMC9587273 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas typically have unfavorable prognosis, due to late detection and interventions. However, effective biomarkers for early glioma diagnosis based on 5-hydroxymethylcytosines (5 hm C) in circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) are not currently available. 5 hm C profiles in GSE132118 set were subjected for establishment of diagnostic model using the LASSO (least absolute shrinkage and selection operator) algorithm. The 5 hm C-based models demonstrated great potency in differentiating healthy subjects from gliomas, with area under the curves (AUCs) > 0.91 in the training and validation sets. Moreover, the indicator performed well in combination with clinicopathological characteristics to differentiate glioblastomas (GBMs) from lower grade glioma (LGGs). Enrichment analysis on 5 hm C profiles displayed great correlation with glioma pathophysiology. The 5 hm C-derived biomarker might act as an effective and non-invasive measure in glioma screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyu Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China,Department of Neurosurgery, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou 313099, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huzhou Central Hospital, Huzhou 313099, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yinqiu Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China
| | - Daofeng Tian
- Department of Neurosurgery, Wuhan University, Renmin Hospital, Wuhan 430060, Hubei Province, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Chunlong Zhong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200120, China,Corresponding author.
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9
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Main SC, Cescon DW, Bratman SV. Liquid biopsies to predict CDK4/6 inhibitor efficacy and resistance in breast cancer. CANCER DRUG RESISTANCE (ALHAMBRA, CALIF.) 2022; 5:727-748. [PMID: 36176758 PMCID: PMC9511796 DOI: 10.20517/cdr.2022.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) inhibitors combined with endocrine therapy have transformed the treatment of estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative (HER2-) metastatic breast cancer. However, some patients do not respond to this treatment, and patients inevitably develop resistance, such that novel biomarkers are needed to predict primary resistance, monitor treatment response for acquired resistance, and personalize treatment strategies. Circumventing the spatial and temporal limitations of tissue biopsy, newly developed liquid biopsy approaches have the potential to uncover biomarkers that can predict CDK4/6 inhibitor efficacy and resistance in breast cancer patients through a simple blood test. Studies on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA)-based liquid biopsy biomarkers of CDK4/6 inhibitor resistance have focused primarily on genomic alterations and have failed thus far to identify clear and clinically validated predictive biomarkers, but emerging epigenetic ctDNA methodologies hold promise for further discovery. The present review outlines recent advances and future directions in ctDNA-based biomarkers of CDK4/6 inhibitor treatment response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasha C Main
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto M5G 2C1, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1L7, Ontario, Canada
| | - David W Cescon
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto M5G 2C1, Ontario, Canada
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto M5S 1A8, Ontario, Canada
| | - Scott V Bratman
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto M5G 2C1, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1L7, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5T 1P5, Ontario, Canada
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