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Dang T, Guan X, Cui L, Ruan Y, Chen Z, Zou H, Lan Y, Liu C, Zhang Y. Epigenetics and immunotherapy in colorectal cancer: progress and promise. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:123. [PMID: 39252116 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01740-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2024] [Indexed: 09/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a common malignant tumor with the third and second highest incidence and mortality rates among various malignant tumors. Despite significant advancements in the present therapy for CRC, the majority of CRC cases feature proficient mismatch repair/microsatellite stability and have no response to immunotherapy. Therefore, the search for new treatment options holds immense importance in the diagnosis and treatment of CRC. In recent years, clinical research on immunotherapy combined with epigenetic therapy has gradually increased, which may bring hope for these patients. This review explores the role of epigenetic regulation in exerting antitumor effects through its action on immune cell function and highlights the potential of certain epigenetic genes that can be used as markers of immunotherapy to predict therapeutic efficacy. We also discuss the application of epigenetic drug sensitization immunotherapy to develop new treatment options combining epigenetic therapy and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianjiao Dang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
- Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Guan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
- Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Luying Cui
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
- Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Yuli Ruan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
- Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Zhuo Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoyi Zou
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
- Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China
| | - Ya Lan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China.
| | - Yanqiao Zhang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Immunology in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Colorectal Cancer in Heilongjiang, Harbin, China.
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Cao Q, Dan Z, Hou N, Yan L, Yuan X, Lu H, Yu S, Zhang J, Xiao H, Liu Q, Zhang X, Zhang M, Pang M. Discovery and validation of colorectal cancer tissue-specific methylation markers: a dual-center retrospective cohort study. Clin Epigenetics 2024; 16:122. [PMID: 39244604 PMCID: PMC11380779 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-024-01735-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of colorectal cancer and its precancerous lesions can significantly improve patients' survival rates. The purpose of this research is to identify methylation markers specific to colorectal cancer tissues and validate their diagnostic capability in colorectal cancer and precancerous changes by measuring the level of DNA methylation in stool samples. METHOD We analyzed samples from six cancer tissues and adjacent normal tissues and fecal samples from 758 participants, including 62 patients with interfering diseases. Bioinformatics databases were used to screen for candidate biomarkers for CRC, and quantitative methylation-specific PCR methods were applied for identification. The methylation levels of the candidate biomarkers in fecal and tissue samples were measured. Logistic regression and random forest models were built and validated using fecal sample data from one of the centers, and the independent or combined diagnostic value of the candidate biomarkers in fecal samples for CRC and precancerous lesions was analyzed. Finally, the diagnostic capability and stability of the model were validated at another medical center. RESULTS This study identified two colorectal cancer CpG sites with tissue specificity. These two biomarkers have certain diagnostic power when used individually, but their diagnostic value for colorectal cancer and colorectal adenoma is more significant when they are used in combination. CONCLUSION The results indicate that a DNA methylation biomarker combined diagnostic model based on two CpG sites, cg13096260 and cg12587766, has the potential for screening and diagnosing precancerous lesions and colorectal cancer. Additionally, compared to traditional diagnostic models, machine learning algorithms perform better but may yield more false-positive results, necessitating further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinxing Cao
- Department of Geriatric General Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Zhenjia Dan
- Department of Geriatric General Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Nengyi Hou
- Department of Geriatric General Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Geriatric General Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Xingmei Yuan
- Department of Geriatric General Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Hejiang Lu
- Department of Geriatric General Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Song Yu
- Department of Geriatric General Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Jiangping Zhang
- Chongqing Bohao Diagnostic Technology Co., Ltd, Chongqing, 410010, China
| | - Huasheng Xiao
- Shanghai Biotechnology Corporation, Ltd, Shanghai, 200126, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Shanghai Biotechnology Corporation, Ltd, Shanghai, 200126, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Shanghai Biotechnology Corporation, Ltd, Shanghai, 200126, China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Outpatient, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
| | - Minghui Pang
- Department of Geriatric General Surgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China.
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Zhen L, Tang X, Xu Z, Huang Y, Qian X, Lin H, Li C, Cui R, Fang H, Yang H, Qiu J, Fang Z, Peng X, Jin Y, Nie J, Guo S, Wang Y, Zhong M, Gu H, Xu H. Early Diagnosis of Colorectal Cancer Based on Bisulfite-free Site-specific Methylation Identification PCR Strategy: High-Sensitivity, Accuracy, and Primary Medical Accessibility. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2401137. [PMID: 38868913 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202401137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Due to its decade-long progression, colorectal cancer (CRC) is most suitable for population screening to achieve a significant reduction in its incidence and mortality. DNA methylation has emerged as a potential marker for the early detection of CRC. However, the current mainstream methylation detection method represented by bisulfite conversion has issues such as tedious operation, DNA damage, and unsatisfactory sensitivity. Herein, a new high-performance CRC screening tool based on the promising specific terminal-mediated polymerase chain reaction (STEM-PCR) strategy is developed. CRC-related methylation-specific candidate CpG sites are first prescreened through The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases using self-developed bioinformatics. Next, 9 homebrew colorectal cancer DNA methylated STEM‒PCR assays (ColoC-mSTEM) with high sensitivity (0.1%) and high specificity are established to identify candidate sites. The clinical diagnostic performance of these selected methylation sites is confirmed and validated by a case-control study. The optimized diagnostic model has an overall sensitivity of 94.8% and a specificity of 95.0% for detecting early-stage CRC. Taken together, ColoC-mSTEM, based on a single methylation-specific site, is a promising diagnostic approach for the early detection of CRC which is perfectly suitable for the screening needs of CRC in primary healthcare institutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linqing Zhen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Hefei Cancer Early Screening Innovation Technology Institute, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xinlu Tang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Zhengguo Xu
- Medical community of Linhai First People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Yizhou Huang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Hefei Cancer Early Screening Innovation Technology Institute, Anhui Province, China
| | - Xiaohua Qian
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Hefei Cancer Early Screening Innovation Technology Institute, Anhui Province, China
| | - Haiping Lin
- Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Medical community of Linhai First People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Rong Cui
- Jiading Hospital of Traditional Chinese medicine, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
| | - Hongsheng Fang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, 200032, P. R. China
| | - Hao Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Hefei Cancer Early Screening Innovation Technology Institute, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jiani Qiu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Hefei Cancer Early Screening Innovation Technology Institute, Anhui Province, China
| | - Zhaoqi Fang
- Shanghai Healzone Biotechnology Co., LTD, Shanghai, 200000, P. R. China
| | - Xiaohuan Peng
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Hefei Cancer Early Screening Innovation Technology Institute, Anhui Province, China
| | - Yifeng Jin
- Jiading Hospital of Traditional Chinese medicine, Shanghai, 201800, P. R. China
| | - Jianing Nie
- Shanghai Healzone Biotechnology Co., LTD, Shanghai, 200000, P. R. China
| | - Shiwei Guo
- Medical community of Linhai First People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Yuguang Wang
- Medical community of Linhai First People's Hospital, Zhejiang, 317000, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhong
- Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
| | - Hongchen Gu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Hefei Cancer Early Screening Innovation Technology Institute, Anhui Province, China
| | - Hong Xu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200030, P. R. China
- Hefei Cancer Early Screening Innovation Technology Institute, Anhui Province, China
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Jung SY, Yu H, Tan X, Pellegrini M. Novel DNA methylation-based epigenetic signatures in colorectal cancer from peripheral blood leukocytes. Am J Cancer Res 2024; 14:2253-2271. [PMID: 38859857 PMCID: PMC11162685 DOI: 10.62347/mxwj1398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a multifactorial disease characterized by accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations, transforming colonic epithelial cells into adenocarcinomas. Alteration of DNA methylation (DNAm) is a promising biomarker for predicting cancer risk and prognosis, but its role in CRC tumorigenesis is inconclusive. Notably, few DNAm studies have used pre-diagnostic peripheral blood (PB) DNA, causing difficulty in postulating the underlying biologic mechanism of CRC initiation. We conducted epigenome-wide association (EWA) scans in postmenopausal women from Women's Health Initiative (WHI) with their pre-diagnostic DNAm in PB leukocytes (PBLs) to prospectively evaluate CRC development. Our site-specific DNAm analyses across the genome adjusted for DNAm-age, leukocyte heterogeneities, as well as body mass index, diabetes, and insulin resistance. We validated 20 top EWA-CpGs in 2 independent CRC tissue datasets. Also, we detected differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with CRC, further mapped to transcriptomic profile, and finally conducted a Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. We detected multiple novel CpGs validated across WHI and tissue datasets. In particular, 2 CpGs (B4GALNT4cg10321339, SV2Bcg18144285) had the strongest effect on CRC risk. Results from our DMR scans contained MIR663cg06007966, which was also validated in EWA analyses. Also, we detected 1 methylome region in PEG10 of Chr7 shared across datasets. Our findings reflect both novel and well-established epigenomic and transcriptomic sites in CRC, warranting further functional validations. Our study contributes to better understanding of the complex interrelated mechanisms on the methylome underlying CRC tumorigenesis and suggests novel preventive DNAm-targets in PBLs for detecting at-risk individuals for CRC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yon Jung
- Translational Sciences Section, School of Nursing, University of CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Herbert Yu
- Cancer Epidemiology Program, University of Hawaii Cancer CenterHonolulu, HI 96813, USA
| | - Xianglong Tan
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Matteo Pellegrini
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, Life Sciences Division, University of CaliforniaLos Angeles, CA 90095, USA
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Órdenes P, Carril Pardo C, Elizondo-Vega R, Oyarce K. Current Research on Molecular Biomarkers for Colorectal Cancer in Stool Samples. BIOLOGY 2023; 13:15. [PMID: 38248446 PMCID: PMC10813333 DOI: 10.3390/biology13010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most diagnosed cancers worldwide, with a high incidence and mortality rate when diagnosed late. Currently, the methods used in healthcare to diagnose CRC are the fecal occult blood test, flexible sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy. However, the lack of sensitivity and specificity and low population adherence are driving the need to implement other technologies that can identify biomarkers that not only help with early CRC detection but allow for the selection of more personalized treatment options. In this regard, the implementation of omics technologies, which can screen large pools of biological molecules, coupled with molecular validation, stands out as a promising tool for the discovery of new biomarkers from biopsied tissues or body fluids. This review delves into the current state of the art in the identification of novel CRC biomarkers that can distinguish cancerous tissue, specifically from fecal samples, as this could be the least invasive approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricio Órdenes
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (P.Ó.); (C.C.P.)
| | - Claudio Carril Pardo
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (P.Ó.); (C.C.P.)
| | - Roberto Elizondo-Vega
- Laboratorio de Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción 4070386, Chile;
| | - Karina Oyarce
- Laboratorio de Neuroinmunología, Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Sede Concepción, Concepción 4030000, Chile; (P.Ó.); (C.C.P.)
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Yadav A, Kumar A. Artificial intelligence in rectal cancer: What is the future? Artif Intell Cancer 2023; 4:11-22. [DOI: 10.35713/aic.v4.i2.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most prevalent cancer in both men and women, and it is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Around 60%-70% of CRC patients are diagnosed at advanced stages, with nearly 20% having liver metastases. It is noteworthy that the 5-year survival rates decline significantly from 80%-90% for localized disease to a mere 10%-15% for patients with metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Early diagnosis, appropriate therapeutic strategy, accurate assessment of treatment response, and prognostication is essential for better outcome. There has been significant technological development in the last couple of decades to improve the outcome of rectal cancer including Artificial intelligence (AI). AI is a broad term used to describe the study of machines that mimic human intelligence, such as perceiving the environment, drawing logical conclusions from observations, and performing complex tasks. At present AI has demonstrated a promising role in early diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment outcomes for patients with rectal cancer, a limited role in surgical decision making, and had a bright future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka Yadav
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, UP, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Sanjay Gandhi Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow 226014, UP, India
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Cuomo M, Coretti L, Costabile D, Della Monica R, De Riso G, Buonaiuto M, Trio F, Bravaccio C, Visconti R, Berni Canani R, Chiariotti L, Lembo F. Host fecal DNA specific methylation signatures mark gut dysbiosis and inflammation in children affected by autism spectrum disorder. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18197. [PMID: 37875530 PMCID: PMC10598023 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut-brain axis involves several bidirectional pathway communications including microbiome, bacterial metabolites, neurotransmitters as well as immune system and is perturbed both in brain and in gastrointestinal disorders. Consistently, microbiota-gut-brain axis has been found altered in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). We reasoned that such alterations occurring in ASD may impact both on methylation signatures of human host fecal DNA (HFD) and possibly on the types of human cells shed in the stools from intestinal tract giving origin to HFD. To test this hypothesis, we have performed whole genome methylation analysis of HFD from an age-restricted cohort of young children with ASD (N = 8) and healthy controls (N = 7). In the same cohort we have previously investigated the fecal microbiota composition and here we refined such analysis and searched for eventual associations with data derived from HFD methylome analysis. Our results showed that specific epigenetic signatures in human fecal DNA, especially at genes related to inflammation, associated with the disease. By applying methylation-based deconvolution algorithm, we found that the HFD derived mainly from immune cells and the relative abundance of those differed between patients and controls. Consistently, most of differentially methylated regions fitted with genes involved in inflammatory response. Interestingly, using Horvath epigenetic clock, we found that ASD affected children showed both epigenetic and microbiota age accelerated. We believe that the present unprecedented approach may be useful for the identification of the ASD associated HFD epigenetic signatures and may be potentially extended to other brain disorders and intestinal inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariella Cuomo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies "Franco Salvatore", Via G. Salvatore 482, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorena Coretti
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Davide Costabile
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies "Franco Salvatore", Via G. Salvatore 482, 80145, Naples, Italy
- SEMM-European School of Molecular Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy
| | - Rosa Della Monica
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies "Franco Salvatore", Via G. Salvatore 482, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Giulia De Riso
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Michela Buonaiuto
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies "Franco Salvatore", Via G. Salvatore 482, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Federica Trio
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies "Franco Salvatore", Via G. Salvatore 482, 80145, Naples, Italy
| | - Carmela Bravaccio
- Department of Translational Medical Science - Pediatric Section, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberta Visconti
- Institute for the Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology "G. Salvatore", Italian National Council of Research, Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roberto Berni Canani
- Department of Translational Medical Science - Pediatric Section, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Chiariotti
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples "Federico II", Via S. Pansini 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
- CEINGE Advanced Biotechnologies "Franco Salvatore", Via G. Salvatore 482, 80145, Naples, Italy.
- SEMM-European School of Molecular Medicine, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy.
| | - Francesca Lembo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples "Federico II", Via Domenico Montesano 49, 80131, Naples, Italy.
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Zhang L, Li J. Unlocking the secrets: the power of methylation-based cfDNA detection of tissue damage in organ systems. Clin Epigenetics 2023; 15:168. [PMID: 37858233 PMCID: PMC10588141 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-023-01585-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Detecting organ and tissue damage is essential for early diagnosis, treatment decisions, and monitoring disease progression. Methylation-based assays offer a promising approach, as DNA methylation patterns can change in response to tissue damage. These assays have potential applications in early detection, monitoring disease progression, evaluating treatment efficacy, and assessing organ viability for transplantation. cfDNA released into the bloodstream upon tissue or organ injury can serve as a biomarker for damage. The epigenetic state of cfDNA, including DNA methylation patterns, can provide insights into the extent of tissue and organ damage. CONTENT Firstly, this review highlights DNA methylation as an extensively studied epigenetic modification that plays a pivotal role in processes such as cell growth, differentiation, and disease development. It then presents a variety of highly precise 5-mC methylation detection techniques that serve as powerful tools for gaining profound insights into epigenetic alterations linked with tissue damage. Subsequently, the review delves into the mechanisms underlying DNA methylation changes in organ and tissue damage, encompassing inflammation, oxidative stress, and DNA damage repair mechanisms. Next, it addresses the current research status of cfDNA methylation in the detection of specific organ tissues and organ damage. Finally, it provides an overview of the multiple steps involved in identifying specific methylation markers associated with tissue and organ damage for clinical trials. This review will explore the mechanisms and current state of research on cfDNA methylation-based assay detecting organ and tissue damage, the underlying mechanisms, and potential applications in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijing Zhang
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, No. 1 Dahua Road, Dongdan, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinming Li
- National Center for Clinical Laboratories, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital/National Center of Gerontology, No. 1 Dahua Road, Dongdan, Beijing, 100730, People's Republic of China.
- Peking Union Medical College, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing Hospital, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Beijing Engineering Research Center of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
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Shi YJ, Dong YH, Mei ZB, Wang H. Value of ctDNA methylation biomarkers in diagnosis of colorectal tumors. Epigenomics 2023; 15:891-893. [PMID: 37846515 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2023-0227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tweetable abstract DNA methylation alterations have been identified as promising biological markers for early-stage colorectal cancer detection. Here, the authors highlight some recent advances in DNA methylation and its role in the early diagnosis and overall disease course management of colorectal tumors. New insights into DNA methylation biomarkers for colorectal cancer early diagnosis and management are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Jie Shi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yuan-Hang Dong
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Zu-Bing Mei
- Department of Anorectal Surgery, Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
- Anorectal Disease Institute of Shuguang Hospital, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Li B, Liu S, Gao Y, Zheng L, Lu Y. Combined detection of SDC2/ADHFE1/PPP2R5C methylation in stool DNA for colorectal cancer screening. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:10241-10253. [PMID: 37270460 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04943-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease of global concern, and its increasing incidence suggests the need for early and accurate diagnosis. The aim of this study was to investigate the value of combined detection of SDC2, ADHFE1 and PPP2R5C gene methylation in stool samples for early CRC screening. METHODS Stool samples from patients with CRC (n = 105), advanced adenoma (AA) (n = 54), non-advanced adenoma (NA) (n = 57), hyperplastic or other polyps (HOP) (n = 47) or no evidence of disease (NED) (n = 100) were collected from September 2021 to September 2022. The methylation levels of SDC2, ADHFE1 and PPP2R5C were quantified by quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (qMSP), and faecal immunochemical testing (FIT) was performed. The diagnostic value was assessed using reporter operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. RESULTS The sensitivity of combined detection of SDC2/ADHFE1/PPP2R5C methylation in predicting CRC (0-IV) was 84.8%, the specificity was 98.0%, and the AUC was 0.930 (95% CI 0.889-0.970). Compared to FIT and serum tumour biomarkers, it showed better diagnostic performance for different stages of CRC. CONCLUSION The results of this study verified that the methylation levels of SDC2, ADHFE1 and PPP2R5C in stool DNA were significantly increased in CRC patients. Combined detection of SDC2/ADHFE1/PPP2R5C methylation is a potential non-invasive diagnostic method for CRC and precancerous lesion screening. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trials Registry, ChiCTR2100046662, registered on 26 May 2021, prospective registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Li
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shanglong Liu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Longbo Zheng
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yun Lu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China.
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