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Qian L, He X, Gao F, Fan Y, Zhao B, Ma Q, Yan B, Wang W, Ma X, Yang J. Estimation of the bidirectional relationship between schizophrenia and inflammatory bowel disease using the mendelian randomization approach. SCHIZOPHRENIA (HEIDELBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 8:31. [PMID: 35347152 PMCID: PMC9261100 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-022-00244-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that schizophrenia (SCZ) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are related. However, whether there is a bidirectional interaction between them remains unclear. The aim of this study was to conduct a bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to elucidate the causal relationship between SCZ and IBD and its subtypes, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) extracted from the summary data of genome-wide association studies were used as genetic instruments. MR was performed using the inverse-variance-weighted method. The MR-Egger and weighted median methods were used for sensitivity analyses. Analysis using 70 SNPs as genetic instruments showed that SCZ was associated with an increased risk of IBD (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.09-1.20, P = 9.21 × 10-8), CD (OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.07-1.25, P = 1.42 × 10-4), and UC (OR = 1.14, 95% CI: 1.07-1.21, P = 2.72 × 10-5). The results of the sensitivity analyses were robust and no evidence of pleiotropy was observed. Bidirectional MR analyses showed no causal effects of IBD, CD, or UC on SCZ. This study suggests that SCZ has causal effects on IBD and its subtypes, whereas IBD has no effect on SCZ. Brain-gut axis interactions may help clarify the causal relationship between SCZ and IBD. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the biological mechanisms behind the brain-gut interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qian
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoyan He
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Center for Brain Science, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Fengjie Gao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yajuan Fan
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Binbin Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Qingyan Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Bin Yan
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiancang Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Clinical Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
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