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Iverson TM, Singh PK, Cecchini G. An evolving view of Complex II - non-canonical complexes, megacomplexes, respiration, signaling, and beyond. J Biol Chem 2023; 299:104761. [PMID: 37119852 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial Complex II is traditionally studied for its participation in two key respiratory processes: the electron transport chain and the Krebs cycle. There is now a rich body of literature explaining how Complex II contributes to respiration. However, more recent research shows that not all of the pathologies associated with altered Complex II activity clearly correlate with this respiratory role. Complex II activity has now been shown to be necessary for a range of biological processes peripherally-related to respiration, including metabolic control, inflammation, and cell fate. Integration of findings from multiple types of studies suggests that Complex II both participates in respiration and controls multiple succinate-dependent signal transduction pathways. Thus, the emerging view is that the true biological function of Complex II is well beyond respiration. This review uses a semi-chronological approach to highlight major paradigm shifts that occurred over time. Special emphasis is given to the more recently identified functions of Complex II and its subunits because these findings have infused new directions into an established field.
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Affiliation(s)
- T M Iverson
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232; Departments of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232; Departments of Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232; Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232.
| | - Prashant K Singh
- Departments of Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232; Departments of Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232
| | - Gary Cecchini
- Molecular Biology Division, San Francisco VA Health Care System, San Francisco, CA 94121; Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94158.
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Tsujimoto Y, Yamamoto M, Nishikage S, Kanie K, Kanzawa M, Bando H, Yoshino K, Hirota Y, Fukuoka H, Ogawa W. Successful diagnosis and treatment of pheochromocytoma during severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a case report. Endocr J 2023; 70:259-265. [PMID: 36384707 DOI: 10.1507/endocrj.ej22-0446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytoma is a rare but life-threatening condition due to catecholamine release induced by drug treatments such as β-blockers or glucocorticoids. We present a case of hypertensive crisis due to pheochromocytoma, induced after the initiation of dexamethasone and landiolol during intensive care for severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Based on a detailed medical history review, the patient was previously diagnosed with primary aldosteronism by confirmatory tests, moreover, an abdominal computed tomography scan identified an adrenal tumor 2 years before current admission. We tentatively diagnosed the patient with pheochromocytoma and initiated α-blockers without conducting a catecholamine report, leading to stable hemodynamics. We present a successfully managed case of pheochromocytoma concomitant with COVID-19, which has become a global crisis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Tsujimoto
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Masaaki Yamamoto
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Seiji Nishikage
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Keitaro Kanie
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Maki Kanzawa
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hironori Bando
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Kei Yoshino
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Yushi Hirota
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Hidenori Fukuoka
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Kobe University Hospital, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
| | - Wataru Ogawa
- Division of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe 650-0017, Japan
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Ziegler CG, Riediger C, Gruber M, Kunath C, Ullrich M, Pietzsch J, Nölting S, Siepmann T, Bornstein SR, Remde H, Constantinescu G. Case report: Incidentally discovered case of pheochromocytoma as a cause of long COVID-19 syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:967995. [PMID: 36237184 PMCID: PMC9551989 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.967995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Pheochromocytomas (PCCs) are rare but potentially lethal tumors that arise from the adrenal medulla. The clinical suspicion and diagnosis of PCC can be challenging due to the non-specific nature of signs and symptoms. In many patients, infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) could lead to long-term symptoms including fatigue, headaches, and cognitive dysfunction. Here, we present the case of a patient incidentally diagnosed with an adrenal mass that proved to be a PCC after imaging was performed due to persisting complaints after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. A 37-year-old male patient was referred to our center because of a right-sided inhomogeneous adrenal mass, incidentally found during a computed tomographic scan of the thorax performed due to cough and dyspnea that persisted after COVID-19 infection. Other complaints that were present prior to COVID-19 infection included profuse sweating, dizziness, exhaustion with chronic fatigue, and concentration difficulties. The patient had no history of hypertension, his blood pressure was normal, and the 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring confirmed normotension but with the absence of nocturnal dipping. Plasma normetanephrine was 5.7-fold above the upper limit (UL) of reference intervals (738 pg/ml, UL = 129 pg/ml), whereas plasma metanephrine and methoxytyramine were normal at 30 pg/ml (UL = 84 pg/ml) and <4 pg/ml (UL = 16 pg/ml), respectively. Preoperative preparation with phenoxybenzamine was initiated, and a 4-cm tumor was surgically resected. Profuse sweating as well as dizziness was resolved after adrenalectomy pointing toward PCC and not COVID-19-associated patient concerns. Altogether, this case illustrates the difficulties in recognizing the possibility of PCC due to the non-specific nature of signs and symptoms of the tumor, which in this case did not include hypertension and coincided with some of the symptoms of long COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian G. Ziegler
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Diabetology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- *Correspondence: Christian G. Ziegler,
| | - Carina Riediger
- Department of Visceral Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Gruber
- Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Carola Kunath
- Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Ullrich
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jens Pietzsch
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, Institute of Radiopharmaceutical Cancer Research, Department of Radiopharmaceutical and Chemical Biology, Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden (TU) Dresden, School of Science, Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Dresden, Germany
| | - Svenja Nölting
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital Zurich (USZ) and University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Timo Siepmann
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stefan R. Bornstein
- Department of Molecular Endocrinology and Diabetology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Hanna Remde
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology, Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Georgiana Constantinescu
- Department of Endocrinology, Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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