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Lin F, Hengli L, Zhu K, Bao Y, Pan J. Predictors of Postoperative Outcomes after Arthroscopic Partial Meniscectomy: A Retrospective Analysis. Orthop Surg 2024. [PMID: 39238478 DOI: 10.1111/os.14218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 07/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Arthroscopic partial meniscectomy is a widely used surgical technique for treating meniscus injuries, while individual differences in postoperative outcomes remain a significant concern. This retrospective study aimed to identify the factors influencing clinical outcomes following arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. METHODS We retrospectively examined the clinical data of 52 patients who underwent arthroscopic partial meniscectomy at our institution from January to May 2022. Observation indicators, including gender, age, type of medical insurance, various surgeons, the self-pay portion of hospital costs, and total hospital costs, were systematically recorded. Subjective symptoms were evaluated with ΔTenger, ΔLysholm, and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores during follow-up. The trends of the above questionnaires and potential predictors were statistically evaluated through regression analysis. RESULTS Binary logistic analysis revealed that female patients (OR: 32.42; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.22, 473.86) and higher preoperative visual analog scale (VAS) (odds ratio [OR]: 3.58; 95% CI: 1.55, 8.28) were significantly associated with FP Lysholm score. Similarly, patients with elevated preoperative VAS (OR: 1.47; 95% CI: 1.01, 2.15) were significantly more likely to have FP IKDC scores. Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that traumatic meniscus tear (β = -0.324; 95% CI: -0.948, -0.036; p = 0.035) emerged as a negative independent predictor of ΔTegner, while higher preoperative VAS scores (β = 0.330; 95% CI: 0.013, 0.217; p = 0.028) were identified as positive independent predictors of ΔTegner. The duration of symptoms (β = -0.327; 95% CI: -0.010, -0.001; p = 0.023) had a negative impact on the ΔLysholm scores. Factors such as body mass index (BMI) (β = -0.250; 95% CI: -1.000, -0.020; p = 0.042), duration of symptoms (β = -0.302; 95% CI: -0.009, -0.001; p = 0.014), and preoperative VAS (β = -0.332; 95% CI: -1.813, -0.250; p = 0.011) were negatively associated with ΔIKDC scores. CONCLUSION The study offers insights into multiple factors for patient outcomes after arthroscopic partial meniscectomy. Orthopedic surgeons need to consider variables such as gender, BMI, duration of symptoms, preoperative VAS, and the traumatic/degenerative types of meniscal tears to optimize postoperative outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Lin
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Hengli
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kunpeng Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuchen Bao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianfeng Pan
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Zong L, Wang Q, Sun H, Wu Q, Xu Y, Yang H, Lv S, Zhang L, Geng D. Intra-Articular Injection of PLGA/Polydopamine Core-Shell Nanoparticle Attenuates Osteoarthritis Progression. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:21450-21462. [PMID: 38649157 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c18464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease characterized by progressive cartilage degeneration. Unfortunately, currently available clinical drugs are mainly analgesics and cannot alleviate the development of OA. Kartogenin (KGN) has been found to promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into chondrocytes for the treatment of cartilage damage in early OA. However, KGN, as a small hydrophobic molecule, is rapidly cleared from the synovial fluid after intra-articular injection. This study synthesized a KGN-loaded nanocarrier based on PLGA/polydopamine core/shell structure to treat OA. The fluorescence signal of KGN@PLGA/PDA-PEG-E7 nanoparticles lasted for 4 weeks, ensuring long-term sustained release of KGN from a single intra-articular injection. In addition, the polyphenolic structure of PDA enables it to effectively scavenge reactive oxygen species, and the BMSC-targeting peptide E7 (EPLQLKM) endows KGN@PLGA/PDA-PEG-E7 NPs with an effective affinity for BMSCs. As a result, the KGN@PLGA/PDA-PEG-E7 nanoparticles could effectively induce cartilage in vitro and protect the cartilage and subchondral bone in a rat ACLT model. This therapeutic strategy could also be extended to the delivery of other drugs, targeting other tissues to treat joint diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujie Zong
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First People's Hospital of Changzhou, Soochow University, Changzhou, Jiangsu 213000, China
| | - Qing Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Houyi Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Yaozeng Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Huilin Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
| | - Shujun Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Hai'an People's Hospital, Hai'an, Jiangsu 226000, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Dechun Geng
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215000, China
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Zhou Z, Wang J, Jiang C, Xu K, Xu T, Yu X, Fang J, Yang Y, Dai X. Advances in Hydrogels for Meniscus Tissue Engineering: A Focus on Biomaterials, Crosslinking, Therapeutic Additives. Gels 2024; 10:114. [PMID: 38391445 PMCID: PMC10887778 DOI: 10.3390/gels10020114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Meniscus tissue engineering (MTE) has emerged as a promising strategy for meniscus repair and regeneration. As versatile platforms, hydrogels have gained significant attention in this field, as they possess tunable properties that allow them to mimic native extracellular matrices and provide a suitable microenvironment. Additionally, hydrogels can be minimally invasively injected and can be adjusted to match the shape of the implant site. They can conveniently and effectively deliver bioactive additives and demonstrate good compatibility with other functional materials. These inherent qualities have made hydrogel a promising candidate for therapeutic approaches in meniscus repair and regeneration. This article provides a comprehensive review of the advancements made in the research on hydrogel application for meniscus tissue engineering. Firstly, the biomaterials and crosslinking strategies used in the formation of hydrogels are summarized and analyzed. Subsequently, the role of therapeutic additives, including cells, growth factors, and other active products, in facilitating meniscus repair and regeneration is thoroughly discussed. Furthermore, we summarize the key issues for designing hydrogels used in MTE. Finally, we conclude with the current challenges encountered by hydrogel applications and suggest potential solutions for addressing these challenges in the field of MTE. We hope this review provides a resource for researchers and practitioners interested in this field, thereby facilitating the exploration of new design possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuxing Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jiajie Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Chaoqian Jiang
- School of Materials and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Kaiwang Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Tengjing Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xinning Yu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Jinghua Fang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Yanyu Yang
- School of Materials and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xuesong Dai
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
- Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310000, China
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4
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Zhu L, Li P, Qin Y, Xiao B, Li J, Xu W, Yu B. Platelet-rich plasma in orthopedics: Bridging innovation and clinical applications for bone repair. J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2024; 32:10225536231224952. [PMID: 38217531 DOI: 10.1177/10225536231224952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024] Open
Abstract
In the burgeoning domain of orthopedic therapeutic research, Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) has firmly established its position, transforming paradigms ranging from tissue regeneration to the management of chondral lesions. This review delves into PRP's recent integrations with cutting-edge interventions such as 3D-printed scaffolds, its role in bone and cartilage defect management, and its enhanced efficacy when combined with molecules like Kartogenin (KGN) for fibrocartilage zone repair. Significant attention is paid to tissue engineering for meniscal interventions, where a combination of KGN, PRP, and bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells are under exploration. Within the sphere of osteochondral regenerative therapy, the synergy of PRP with Bone Marrow Aspirate Concentrate (BMAC) represents a noteworthy leap towards cartilage regeneration. The innovative incorporation of PRP with biomaterials like hydroxyapatite and graphene oxide further underscores its versatility in supporting structural integrity and ensuring sustained growth factor release. However, while PRP's autologous and nontoxic nature makes it an inherently safe option, concerns arising from its preparation methods, particularly with bovine thrombin, necessitate caution. As of 2023, despite the burgeoning promise of PRP in bone healing, the quest for its standardization, optimization, and substantiation through rigorous clinical trials continues. This comprehensive review elucidates the contemporary applications, challenges, and future trajectories of PRP in orthopedics, aiming to spotlight areas primed for further research and exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liangbo Zhu
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Jiang Xi Hospital of China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Nanchang, P.R. China
| | - Yuhong Qin
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
| | - Baowei Xiao
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
| | - Junning Li
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
| | - Wenhua Xu
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
| | - Bo Yu
- Orthopaedic Hospital, Yichun People'S Hospital, Yichun, China
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Liu J, Tang C, Huang J, Gu J, Yin J, Xu G, Yan S. Nanofiber Composite Microchannel-Containing Injectable Hydrogels for Cartilage Tissue Regeneration. Adv Healthc Mater 2023; 12:e2302293. [PMID: 37689993 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202302293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Articular cartilage tissue is incapable of self-repair and therapies for cartilage defects are still lacking. Injectable hydrogels have drawn much attention in the field of cartilage regeneration. Herein, the novel design of nanofiber composite microchannel-containing hydrogels inspired by the tunnel-piled structure of subway tunnels is proposed. Based on the aldehydized polyethylene glycol/carboxymethyl chitosan (APA/CMCS) hydrogels, thermosensitive gelatin microrods (GMs) are used as a pore-forming agent, and coaxial electrospinning polylactic acid/gelatin fibers (PGFs) loaded with kartogenin (KGN) are used as a reinforcing agent and a drug delivery system to construct the nanofiber composite microchannel-containing injectable hydrogels (APA/CMCS/KGN@PGF/GM hydrogels). The in situ formation, micromorphology and porosity, swelling and degradation, mechanical properties, self-healing behavior, as well as drug release of the nanofiber composite microchannel-containing hydrogels are investigated. The hydrogel exhibits good self-healing ability, and the introduction of PGF nanofibers can significantly improve the mechanical properties. The drug delivery system can realize sustained release of KGN to match the process of cartilage repair. The microchannel structure effectively promotes bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell (BMSC) proliferation and ingrowth within the hydrogels. In vitro and animal experiments indicate that the APA/CMCS/KGN@PGF/GM hydrogels can enhance the chondrogenesis of BMSCs and promote neocartilage formation in the rabbit cartilage defect model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Center, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200003, P. R. China
| | - Chen Tang
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jian Huang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Center, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200003, P. R. China
| | - Jinhong Gu
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Jingbo Yin
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Xu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Spine Center, Changzheng Hospital, Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai, 200003, P. R. China
| | - Shifeng Yan
- Department of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, P. R. China
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6
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Wang F, Guo K, Nan L, Wang S, Lu J, Wang Q, Ba Z, Huang Y, Wu D. Kartogenin-loaded hydrogel promotes intervertebral disc repair via protecting MSCs against reactive oxygen species microenvironment by Nrf2/TXNIP/NLRP3 axis. Free Radic Biol Med 2023; 204:128-150. [PMID: 37149010 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration (IDD) and the consequent low back pain present a major medical challenge. Stem cell-based tissue engineering is promising for the treatment of IDD. However, stem cell-based treatment is severely impaired by the increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in degenerative disc, which can lead to a high level of cell dysfunction and even death. In this study, a kartogenin (KGN)@PLGA-GelMA/PRP composite hydrogel was designed and used as a carrier of ADSCs-based therapies in disc repair. Injectable composite hydrogel act as a carrier for controlled release of KGN and deliver ADSCs to the degenerative disc. The released KGN can stimulate the differentiation of ADSCs into a nucleus pulposus (NP) -like phenotype and boost antioxidant capacity of ADSCs via activating Nrf2/TXNIP/NLRP3 axis. Furthermore, the composite hydrogel combined with ADSCs attenuated the in vivo degeneration of rat IVDs, maintained IVD tissue integrity and accelerated the synthesis of NP-like extracellular matrix. Therefore, the KGN@PLGA-GelMA/PRP composite hydrogel is a promising strategy for stem cell-based therapies of IDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Kai Guo
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Liping Nan
- Center for Orthopaedic Science and Translational Medicine, Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, China
| | - Shuguang Wang
- Emergency Center, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China
| | - Jiawei Lu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Zhaoyu Ba
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Yufeng Huang
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
| | - Desheng Wu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200120, China.
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Zhang L, Zhang Q, Cui L, Wu L, Gao S. Kartogenin Combined Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) Promoted Tendon-Bone Healing for Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Reconstruction by Suppressing Inflammatory Response Via targeting AKT/PI3K/NF-κB. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:1284-1296. [PMID: 36346560 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04178-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) rupture is the most common sports injuries and PRP has the potential to be a kartogenin (KGN) carrier to promote collagen fibril organization and cartilage regenerative in the tendon-bone interface. This paper aimed to investigate co-injection of KGN-PRP into the bone tunnels of ACL reconstructions which could enhance tendon-bone healing graft osteointegration effectively. HPLC was used to measured release rate of KGN from KGN-PRP gel. Then, an ACL injury reconstruction model in rabbits was established and the rabbits received saline, PRP, and KGN-PRP injection onto the tendon-bone interface after reconstruction. The tissue was harvested from the tendon-bone interface at 4 weeks and 8 weeks post-surgery, and the sections were stained with Safranin O/fast green to detected tendon-bone healing. Immunochemistry staining was used to analyze VEGF, collagen I, and HIF-1α expression, and ELISA assay was used for detecting IL-6, TNF-α, and COX-2 concentrations. The expression levels of AKT/PI3K/NF-κB-related protein and mRNA were presented by Western blot and qPCR. The release rate of KGN was high within 4 h of KGN-PRP gel and followed by a slow release until 7 days. The Safranin O/fast green staining results indicated that tendon-bone interface in sham and mock group existed gap and tissue disorganization. The KGN + PRP group showed the positive color of the healing interface was more obvious and cartilage tissue began to be generated in large amounts at this interface. The maximum tensile force of KGN-PRP injection tendon-bone healing site was significantly higher than that of PRP group, and KGN-PRP effectively promoted fibro chondrogenesis and tendon-bone healing. The expression of collagen I, VEGF, and HIF-1α in regenerated tissues at the healing interface was significantly increased by KGN-PRP treatment compared with the mock and sham groups. The expressions of IL-6, TNF-α, and COX-2 after KGN-PRP treatment were significantly decreased in tendon-bone interface compared to the mock group. WB and qPCR results showed KGN-PRP treatment effectively inhibits AKT/PI3K/NF-κB activation of inflammatory pathways, thereby reducing the level of inflammation to promote wound healing. PRP is an effective carrier for KGN with the sustained release of KGN. After ACL reconstruction, injection of KGN-PRP gel significantly reduced the inflammatory response and inhibited AKT/PI3K/NF-κB activation in cartilage tissue, which promoted tendon-bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lukuan Cui
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijie Wu
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China
| | - Shijun Gao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, People's Republic of China.
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Zhao Z, Wang Y, Yin B, Li X, Hao R, Li Z, Li P, Han M, Ding L, Li Z, Zhu H. Defect-adaptive Stem-cell-microcarrier Construct Promotes Tissue Repair in Rabbits with Knee Cartilage Defects. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:201-212. [PMID: 35900693 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Although various reconstruction techniques are available for cartilage defects, the repair effects and conveniences remain to be further improved due to the limited regenerative capacity of cartilaginous tissues and difficulties in seamlessly fulfilling irregularly shaped defects. In the current study, we explored the repair efficacy of stem cell microcarrier construct (microcarriers loaded with human chondrogenic progenitor cells or bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells) in cartilage defect models. A total of 39 healthy New Zealand white rabbits were included, and femoral trochlear cartilage defect models were established (n = 33). Stem cell microcarrier constructs were implanted into cartilage defects (n = 6), the maintenance conditions of the implanted constructs were observed on days 4, 8, and 30 post implantation (n = 3). Gross observation and pathological analysis were performed to assay the reconstitution of cartilage defects at 12 weeks post-cartilage defect repair(n = 6). The microcarriers could fill the defect model with good plasticity to integrate well with the boundary native normal cartilage. At 3 months after implantation, the defects were filled with fibrous cartilage tissues in the microcarrier without stem cells group. In the microcarrier loaded with BMSCs group, newly formed tissue with a similar appearance of boundary cartilage fulfilled the defects, but the surface was not completely smooth. Promisingly, the defects were almost completely filled with newly regenerated cartilaginous tissues, which had a smooth appearance similar to that of normal cartilage in the microcarrier loaded with CPCs group. These results suggest the feasibility of stem cell microcarrier construct in repairing cartilage defects, indicating promising clinical application prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhidong Zhao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.,Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.,Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China
| | - Bofeng Yin
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Ruicong Hao
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.,Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Zhiling Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Peilin Li
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China
| | - Mengyue Han
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China.,Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Li Ding
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China. .,Air Force Medical Center, PLA, No.30 Fucheng Road, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Zhongli Li
- Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Chinese PLA Medical School, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.
| | - Heng Zhu
- Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, No. 27 Taiping Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100850, China. .,Graduate School of Anhui Medical University, No. 81 Meishan Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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9
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Bone Marrow-Derived Fibrin Clots Stimulate Healing of a Meniscal Defect in a Rabbit Model. Arthroscopy 2022:S0749-8063(22)00838-6. [PMID: 36574822 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2022.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the in vivo effectiveness of bone marrow aspirate-derived (BMA) fibrin clots for avascular meniscal defect healing in a rabbit model. METHODS In 42 Japanese white rabbits, a 2.0-mm cylindrical defect was introduced into the avascular zone of the anterior part of the medial meniscus in the bilateral knees. The rabbits were grouped according to implantation of a BMA fibrin clot (BMA group) or a peripheral blood (PB)-derived clot (PB group) into the defect and nonimplantation (control group). Macroscopic and histological assessments were performed using a scoring system at 4 and 12 weeks after surgery. At 12 weeks after surgery, compressive stress was analyzed biomechanically. RESULTS The meniscal score in the BMA group (12.1) was greater than that in the PB group (5.5; P = .031) and control group (4.4; P = .013) at 4 weeks. The meniscal score in the BMA group (13.1) was greater than that in the control group (6.4; BMA = 13.1; P = .0046) at 12 weeks. In the biomechanical analysis, the BMA group demonstrated significantly higher compressive strength than the PB group (6.6 MPa) (BMA = 15.4 MPa; P = .0201) and control group (3.6 MPa; BMA = 15.4 MPa; P = .007). CONCLUSIONS Implantation of BMA fibrin clots into the meniscal defect of the avascular zone in a rabbit model improved the meniscal score at 4 weeks and strengthened the reparative meniscal tissue at 12 weeks compared with the implantation of PB fibrin clots. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Healing in the avascular zone of the meniscus can be problematic. Approaches to improving this healing response have had variable results. This study provides additional information that may help improve the outcomes in patients with these injuries.
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Jin P, Liu L, Chen X, Cheng L, Zhang W, Zhong G. Applications and prospects of different functional hydrogels in meniscus repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1082499. [PMID: 36568293 PMCID: PMC9773848 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1082499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The meniscus is a kind of fibrous cartilage structure that serves as a cushion in the knee joint to alleviate the mechanical load. It is commonly injured, but it cannot heal spontaneously. Traditional meniscectomy is not currently recommended as this treatment tends to cause osteoarthritis. Due to their good biocompatibility and versatile regulation, hydrogels are emerging biomaterials in tissue engineering. Hydrogels are excellent candidates in meniscus rehabilitation and regeneration because they are fine-tunable, easily modified, and capable of delivering exogenous drugs, cells, proteins, and cytokines. Various hydrogels have been reported to work well in meniscus-damaged animals, but few hydrogels are effective in the clinic, indicating that hydrogels possess many overlooked problems. In this review, we summarize the applications and problems of hydrogels in extrinsic substance delivery, meniscus rehabilitation, and meniscus regeneration. This study will provide theoretical guidance for new therapeutic strategies for meniscus repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Jin
- Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China,Collaborative Innovation Centre of Regenerative Medicine and Medical BioResource Development and Application Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China,*Correspondence: Pan Jin, ; Gang Zhong,
| | - Lei Liu
- Articular Surgery, The Second Nanning People’s Hospital (Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University), Nanning, China
| | - Xichi Chen
- Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Weining Zhang
- Health Science Center, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
| | - Gang Zhong
- Center for Materials Synthetic Biology, CAS Key Laboratory of Quantitative Engineering Biology, Shenzhen Institute of Synthetic Biology, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China,*Correspondence: Pan Jin, ; Gang Zhong,
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11
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Liang T, Li P, Liang A, Zhu Y, Qiu X, Qiu J, Peng Y, Huang D, Gao W, Gao B. Identifying the key genes regulating mesenchymal stem cells chondrogenic differentiation: an in vitro study. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2022; 23:985. [PMCID: PMC9664719 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-022-05958-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the potential to differentiate into chondrocytes, which makes them an ideal source for healing cartilage defects. Here, we seek to identify the essential genes participating in MSCs chondrogenesis.
Methods
Human MSCs were induced for chondrogenesis for 7, 14, and 21 days using a high-density micromass culture system, and RNA was extracted for RNA-seq.
Results
A total of 6247 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified on day 7, and 85 DEGs were identified on day 14. However, no significant DEGs was identified on day 21. The top 30 DEGs at day 7, including COL9A3, COL10A1, and CILP2, are closely related to extracellular matrix organization. While the top 30 DEGs at day 14 revealed that inflammation-related genes were enriched, including CXCL8, TLR2, and CCL20. We also conducted protein–protein interaction (PPI) networks analysis using the search tool for the retrieval of interacting genes (STRING) database and identified key hub genes, including CXCL8, TLR2, CCL20, and MMP3. The transcriptional factors were also analyzed, identifying the top 5 TFs: LEF1, FOXO1, RORA, BHLHE41, and SOX5. We demonstrated one particular TF, RORA, in promoting early MSCs chondrogenesis.
Conclusions
Taken together, our results suggested that these DEGs may have a complex effect on MSCs chondrogenesis both synergistically and solitarily.
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Xue K, Zhang S, Ge J, Wang Q, Qi L, Liu K. Integration of Bioglass Into PHBV-Constructed Tissue-Engineered Cartilages to Improve Chondrogenic Properties of Cartilage Progenitor Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:868719. [PMID: 35685093 PMCID: PMC9172278 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.868719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) scaffold has proven to be a promising three-dimensional (3D) biodegradable and bioactive scaffold for the growth and proliferation of cartilage progenitor cells (CPCs). The addition of Bioglass into PHBV was reported to increase the bioactivity and mechanical properties of the bioactive materials.Methods: In the current study, the influence of the addition of Bioglass into PHBV 3D porous scaffolds on the characteristics of CPC-based tissue-engineered cartilages in vivo were compared. CPCs were seeded into 3D macroporous PHBV scaffolds and PHBV/10% Bioglass scaffolds. The CPC–scaffold constructs underwent 6 weeks in vitro chondrogenic induction culture and were then transplanted in vivo for another 6 weeks to evaluate the difference between the CPC–PHBV construct and CPC–PHBV/10% Bioglass construct in vivo.Results: Compared with the pure PHBV scaffold, the PHBV/10% Bioglass scaffold has better hydrophilicity and a higher percentage of adhered cells. The CPC–PHBV/10%Bioglass construct produced much more cartilage-like tissues with higher cartilage-relative gene expression and cartilage matrix protein production and better biomechanical performance than the CPC–PHBV construct.Conclusion: The addition of Bioglass into 3D PHBV macroporous scaffolds improves the characteristics of CPC-based tissue-engineered cartilages in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xue
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Hainan Western Central Hospital, Hainan, China
| | - Shuqi Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin Ge
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Department of Oral Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Radiology, Huadong Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Qi, ; Kai Liu,
| | - Kai Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Lin Qi, ; Kai Liu,
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Bian Y, Wang H, Zhao X, Weng X. Meniscus repair: up-to-date advances in stem cell-based therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:207. [PMID: 35578310 PMCID: PMC9109379 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02863-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The meniscus is a semilunar fibrocartilage between the tibia and femur that is essential for the structural and functional integrity of the keen joint. In addition to pain and knee joint dysfunction, meniscus injuries can also lead to degenerative changes of the knee joint such as osteoarthritis, which further affect patient productivity and quality of life. However, with intrinsic avascular property, the tearing meniscus tends to be nonunion and the augmentation of post-injury meniscus repair has long time been a challenge. Stem cell-based therapy with potent regenerative properties has recently attracted much attention in repairing meniscus injuries, among which mesenchymal stem cells were most explored for their easy availability, trilineage differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory properties. Here, we summarize the advances and achievements in stem cell-based therapy for meniscus repair in the last 5 years. We also highlight the obstacles before their successful clinical translation and propose some perspectives for stem cell-based therapy in meniscus repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Bian
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Han Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Xiuli Zhao
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
| | - Xisheng Weng
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
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Ding G, Du J, Hu X, Ao Y. Mesenchymal Stem Cells From Different Sources in Meniscus Repair and Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:796367. [PMID: 35573249 PMCID: PMC9091333 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.796367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Meniscus damage is a common trauma that often arises from sports injuries or menisci tissue degeneration. Current treatment methods focus on the repair, replacement, and regeneration of the meniscus to restore its original function. The advance of tissue engineering provides a novel approach to restore the unique structure of the meniscus. Recently, mesenchymal stem cells found in tissues including bone marrow, peripheral blood, fat, and articular cavity synovium have shown specific advantages in meniscus repair. Although various studies explore the use of stem cells in repairing meniscal injuries from different sources and demonstrate their potential for chondrogenic differentiation, their meniscal cartilage-forming properties are yet to be systematically compared. Therefore, this review aims to summarize and compare different sources of mesenchymal stem cells for meniscal repair and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guocheng Ding
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianing Du
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yingfang Ao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
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Peng Y, Li X, Wu W, Ma H, Wang G, Jia S, Zheng C. Effect of Mechanical Stimulation Combined With Platelet-Rich Plasma on Healing of the Rotator Cuff in a Murine Model. Am J Sports Med 2022; 50:1358-1368. [PMID: 35188809 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211073339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mechanical stimulation and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been shown to be beneficial for healing of the bone-tendon interface (BTI), but few studies have explored the efficacy of a combination of these applications. We investigated the effect of mechanical stimulation combined with PRP on rotator cuff repair in mice. HYPOTHESIS Mechanical stimulation combined with PRP can enhance BTI healing in a murine model of rotator cuff repair. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS A total of 160 C57BL/6 mice were used. Overall, 40 mice were used to prepare PRP, while 120 mice underwent acute supraspinatus tendon (SST) repair. The animals were randomly assigned to 4 groups: control group, mechanical stimulation group, PRP group, and mechanical stimulation combined with PRP group (combination group). At 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively, animals were sacrificed, the eyeballs were removed to collect blood, and the SST-humeral complexes were collected. Histological, biomechanical, immunological, and bone morphometric tests were performed. RESULTS Histologically, at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery, the area of the fibrocartilage layer at the BTI in the combination group was larger than in the other groups. The content and distribution of proteoglycans in this layer in the combination group were significantly greater than in the other groups. At 8 weeks postoperatively, trabecular number, and trabecular bone thickness of the subchondral bone area of interest at the BTI of the combination group were greater than those of the other groups, bone volume fraction of the combination group was greater than the control group. On biomechanical testing at 4 and 8 weeks after surgery, the failure load and ultimate strength of the SST-humeral complex in the combination group were higher than in the other groups. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed that, at 4 weeks postoperatively, the serum concentrations of transforming growth factor beta 1 and platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) in the combination group were significantly higher than in the other groups; at 8 weeks, the PDGF-AB concentration in the combination group was higher than in the control and mechanical stimulation groups. CONCLUSION Mechanical stimulation combined with PRP can effectively promote the early stage of healing after a rotator cuff injury. CLINICAL RELEVANCE These findings imply that mechanical stimulation combined with PRP can serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for rotator cuff healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yundong Peng
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.,Medical College, Huainan Union University, Huainan, China
| | - Wenxia Wu
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, Jinci College of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Haozhe Ma
- College of International Education, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guanglan Wang
- College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Shaohui Jia
- Hubei Provincial Collaborative Innovation Center for Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Health Science, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
| | - Cheng Zheng
- Department of Sports Medicine, Affiliated Hospital, Wuhan Sports University, Wuhan, China
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Kinoshita T, Hashimoto Y, Orita K, Nishida Y, Nishino K, Nakamura H. Autologous Platelet-Rich Fibrin Membrane to Augment Healing of Microfracture Has Better Macroscopic and Histologic Grades Compared With Microfracture Alone on Chondral Defects in a Rabbit Model. Arthroscopy 2022; 38:417-426. [PMID: 33964385 DOI: 10.1016/j.arthro.2021.04.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the in vivo effectiveness of a single-stage surgical procedure that combines microfracture and an autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) membrane for cartilage repair in a rabbit model. METHODS Cartilage defects were created in the trochlear groove of the knees of adult white rabbits. Defects were divided into 2 treatment groups: microfracture only (control group) and microfracture covered by a PRF membrane (PRF group). To evaluate the repair cartilage, assessments were performed at 4, 12, and 24 weeks postoperatively using the International Cartilage Repair Society (ICRS) macroscopic scoring system and modified Wakitani histologic grading system. RESULTS The mean ICRS macroscopic scores in the control and PRF groups were 4.1 and 5.8, respectively, at 4 weeks (P = .0623); 6.3 and 9.8, respectively, at 12 weeks (P = .006); and 6.5 and 10.3, respectively, at 24 weeks (P = .010). The mean modified Wakitani scores in the control and PRF groups were 4.0 and 3.9, respectively, at 4 weeks (P > .999); 5.3 and 10.4, respectively, at 12 weeks (P = .006); and 2.6 and 7.4, respectively, at 24 weeks (P = .012). CONCLUSIONS The ICRS macroscopic scores and modified Wakitani scores showed that a single-stage surgical procedure combining microfracture and a PRF membrane was more effective than surgery with only microfracture for promoting cartilage repair. CLINICAL RELEVANCE A single-stage surgical procedure combining microfracture and an autologous PRF membrane is a potentially beneficial treatment method for cartilage defects that does not require using any xenocollagen membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Kinoshita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yusuke Hashimoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
| | - Kumi Orita
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yohei Nishida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Nishino
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nakamura
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Trivedi J, Betensky D, Desai S, Jayasuriya CT. Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis Assessment in Emerging and Advanced Pre-Clinical Meniscus Repair Strategies: A Review. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:787330. [PMID: 35004646 PMCID: PMC8733822 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.787330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Surgical repair of meniscus injury is intended to help alleviate pain, prevent further exacerbation of the injury, restore normal knee function, and inhibit the accelerated development of post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Meniscus injuries that are treated poorly or left untreated are reported to significantly increase the risk of PTOA in patients. Current surgical approaches for the treatment of meniscus injuries do not eliminate the risk of accelerated PTOA development. Through recent efforts by scientists to develop innovative and more effective meniscus repair strategies, the use of biologics, allografts, and scaffolds have come into the forefront in pre-clinical investigations. However, gauging the extent to which these (and other) approaches inhibit the development of PTOA in the knee joint is often overlooked, yet an important consideration for determining the overall efficacy of potential treatments. In this review, we catalog recent advancements in pre-clinical therapies for meniscus injuries and discuss the assessment methodologies that are used for gauging the success of these treatments based on their effect on PTOA severity. Methodologies include histopathological evaluation of cartilage, radiographic evaluation of the knee, analysis of knee function, and quantification of OA predictive biomarkers. Lastly, we analyze the prevalence of these methodologies using a systemic PubMed® search for original scientific journal articles published in the last 3-years. We indexed 37 meniscus repair/replacement studies conducted in live animal models. Overall, our findings show that approximately 75% of these studies have performed at least one assessment for PTOA following meniscus injury repair. Out of this, 84% studies have reported an improvement in PTOA resulting from treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Chathuraka T. Jayasuriya
- Department of Orthopaedics, Alpert Medical School of Brown University/Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, RI, United States
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Di Matteo B, Altomare D, Garibaldi R, La Porta A, Manca A, Kon E. Ultrasound-Guided Meniscal Injection of Autologous Growth Factors: A Brief Report. Cartilage 2021; 13:387S-391S. [PMID: 34515536 PMCID: PMC8808951 DOI: 10.1177/19476035211037390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Meniscal degeneration is a common finding even in young patients' knees, and it is regarded as a predictor for the onset of early osteoarthritis (OA). When symptomatic, it represents a challenge since arthroscopic surgery provides unpredictable results: recent evidence has shown that partial meniscectomy is not better than conservative management up to 2 years of follow-up, and the removal of meniscal tissue may accelerate OA progression toward OA. Intra-articular injection of corticosteroids or hyaluronic acid may help in providing temporary symptomatic relief, but no influence should be expected on the quality of the meniscal tissue. Biologic agents have been adopted to treat a variety of degenerative musculoskeletal pathologies, and the use of platelet-derived growth factors (GFs) has become routine. Preclinical studies have documented that platelet-derived GFs may play a beneficial role in stimulating meniscal repair and regeneration by triggering anabolic pathways and stimulating local mesenchymal stem cells from synovium. Furthermore, also mechanical stimulation (e.g., arthroscopic trephination or percutaneous needling) in the red-red or red-white zone may further promote tissue healing. The purpose of the present brief report is to describe the clinical outcomes at 18 months' follow-up in a cohort of patients affected by symptomatic medial meniscus degeneration and treated by percutaneous needling plus intra- and perimeniscal injection of autologous conditioned plasma (ACP). The procedure was shown to be safe and provided significant pain reduction and improvement in subjective scores. This treatment option deserves further investigation in a comparative setting, to establish whether it could offer advantage over isolated intra-articular injections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berardo Di Matteo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas
University, Milan, Italy,Department of Traumatology, Orthopaedics and
Disaster Surgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University),
Moscow, Russia,Berardo Di Matteo, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Via
Manzoni 113, Rozzano, Milano 20089, Italy.
| | - Daniele Altomare
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas
University, Milan, Italy,IRCCS Humanitas Research Center, Rozzano
(MI), Italy
| | - Riccardo Garibaldi
- Hôpital du Valais, Service d’Orthopédie et
Traumatologie, Martigny, Switzerland
| | - Agostino La Porta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas
University, Milan, Italy,IRCCS Humanitas Research Center, Rozzano
(MI), Italy
| | - Angelo Manca
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas
University, Milan, Italy,IRCCS Humanitas Research Center, Rozzano
(MI), Italy
| | - Elizaveta Kon
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas
University, Milan, Italy,IRCCS Humanitas Research Center, Rozzano
(MI), Italy
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Ji T, Feng B, Shen J, Zhang M, Hu Y, Jiang A, Zhu D, Chen Y, Ji W, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Li F. An Avascular Niche Created by Axitinib-Loaded PCL/Collagen Nanofibrous Membrane Stabilized Subcutaneous Chondrogenesis of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2100351. [PMID: 34453784 PMCID: PMC8529489 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Engineered cartilage derived from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) always fails to maintain the cartilaginous phenotype in the subcutaneous environment due to the ossification tendency. Vascular invasion is a prerequisite for endochondral ossification during the development of long bone. As an oral antitumor medicine, Inlyta (axitinib) possesses pronounced antiangiogenic activity, owing to the inactivation of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) signaling pathway. In this study, axitinib-loaded poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL)/collagen nanofibrous membranes are fabricated by electrospinning for the first time. Rabbit-derived MSCs-engineered cartilage is encapsulated in the axitinib-loaded nanofibrous membrane and subcutaneously implanted into nude mice. The sustained and localized release of axitinib successfully inhibits vascular invasion, stabilizes cartilaginous phenotype, and helps cartilage maturation. RNA sequence further reveals that axitinib creates an avascular, hypoxic, and low immune response niche. Timp1 is remarkably upregulated in this niche, which probably plays a functional role in inhibiting the activity of matrix metalloproteinases and stabilizing the engineered cartilage. This study provides a novel strategy for stable subcutaneous chondrogenesis of mesenchymal stromal cells, which is also suitable for other medical applications, such as arthritis treatment, local treatment of tumors, and regeneration of other avascular tissues (cornea and tendon).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian‐Ji Ji
- Department of Pediatric CardiologyShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.1678 Dongfang RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Bei Feng
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart DiseaseShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.1678 Dongfang RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Jie Shen
- Department of Pediatric CardiologyShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.1678 Dongfang RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Translational Medicine InstituteShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.1678 Dongfang RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Qing Hu
- Department of Pediatric CardiologyShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.1678 Dongfang RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Ai‐Xia Jiang
- Department of CardiologyThe Affiliated Huaian No. 1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityJiangsu223300P. R. China
| | - Di‐Qi Zhu
- Department of Pediatric CardiologyShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.1678 Dongfang RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Yi‐Wei Chen
- Department of Pediatric CardiologyShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.1678 Dongfang RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Wei Ji
- Department of Pediatric CardiologyShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.1678 Dongfang RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Department of Pediatric Translational Medicine InstituteShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.1678 Dongfang RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery and Shanghai Institute of Pediatric Congenital Heart DiseaseShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.1678 Dongfang RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
| | - Fen Li
- Department of Pediatric CardiologyShanghai Children's Medical CenterSchool of MedicineShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityNo.1678 Dongfang RoadShanghai200127P. R. China
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Chen M, Zhou S, Shi H, Gu H, Wen Y, Chen L. Identification and validation of pivotal genes related to age-related meniscus degeneration based on gene expression profiling analysis and in vivo and in vitro models detection. BMC Med Genomics 2021; 14:237. [PMID: 34587952 PMCID: PMC8482591 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-021-01088-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The componential and structural change in the meniscus with aging would increase the tissue vulnerability of the meniscus, which would induce meniscus tearing. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of age-related meniscus degeneration with gene expression profiling analysis, and validate pivotal genes in vivo and in vitro models. METHODS The GSE45233 dataset, including 6 elderly meniscus samples and 6 younger meniscus samples, was downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. To screen the differential expression of mRNAs and identify the miRNAs targeting hub genes, we completed a series of bioinformatics analyses, including functional and pathway enrichment, protein-protein interaction network, hub genes screening, and construction of a lncRNA-miRNA-mRNA network. Furthermore, crucial genes were examined in human senescent menisci, mouse senescent meniscus tissues and mouse meniscus cells stimulated by IL-1β. RESULTS In total, the most significant 4 hub genes (RRM2, AURKB, CDK1, and TIMP1) and 5 miRNAs (hsa-miR-6810-5p, hsa-miR-4676-5p, hsa-miR-6877-5p, hsa-miR-8085, and hsa-miR-6133) that regulated such 4 hub genes, were finally identified. Moreover, these hub genes were decreased in meniscus cells in vitro and meniscus tissues in vivo, which indicated that hub genes were related to meniscus senescence and could serve as potential biomarkers for age-related meniscus tearing. CONCLUSIONS In short, the integrated analysis of gene expression profile, co-expression network, and models detection identified pivotal genes, which elucidated the possible molecular basis underlying the senescence meniscus and also provided prognosis clues for early-onset age-related meniscus tearing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Chen
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Siqi Zhou
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Huasong Shi
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Hanwen Gu
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yinxian Wen
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Joint Disease Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Liaobin Chen
- Division of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China. .,Joint Disease Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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21
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Jeyaraman N, Prajwal GS, Jeyaraman M, Muthu S, Khanna M. Chondrogenic Potential of Dental-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. OSTEOLOGY 2021; 1:149-174. [DOI: 10.3390/osteology1030016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The field of tissue engineering has revolutionized the world in organ and tissue regeneration. With the robust research among regenerative medicine experts and researchers, the plausibility of regenerating cartilage has come into the limelight. For cartilage tissue engineering, orthopedic surgeons and orthobiologists use the mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) of various origins along with the cytokines, growth factors, and scaffolds. The least utilized MSCs are of dental origin, which are the richest sources of stromal and progenitor cells. There is a paradigm shift towards the utilization of dental source MSCs in chondrogenesis and cartilage regeneration. Dental-derived MSCs possess similar phenotypes and genotypes like other sources of MSCs along with specific markers such as dentin matrix acidic phosphoprotein (DMP) -1, dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), osteopontin (OPN), bone sialoprotein (BSP), and STRO-1. Concerning chondrogenicity, there is literature with marginal use of dental-derived MSCs. Various studies provide evidence for in-vitro and in-vivo chondrogenesis by dental-derived MSCs. With such evidence, clinical trials must be taken up to support or refute the evidence for regenerating cartilage tissues by dental-derived MSCs. This article highlights the significance of dental-derived MSCs for cartilage tissue regeneration.
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22
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Dai W, Wu T, Leng X, Yan W, Hu X, Ao Y. Advances in biomechanical and biochemical engineering methods to stimulate meniscus tissue. Am J Transl Res 2021; 13:8540-8560. [PMID: 34539978 PMCID: PMC8430175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Meniscal injuries can cause cartilage degeneration, which usually leads to the development of osteoarthritis (OA) and results in progressive destruction of the knee joint. Therefore, it is important to identify methods to stop or slow the development of OA after the onset of meniscal defects. The current surgical techniques for meniscal injuries are insufficient to prevent the progression of knee OA, which has accelerated the development of alternative tissue engineering strategies. Much progress has been made in the use of biomechanical and biochemical stimuli in the past decades to engineer neotissue akin to native meniscus. In this review, we focus on the current progress in biomechanical and biochemical stimuli-based strategies applied to meniscal tissue engineering, and explore how these factors influence meniscal regeneration. By understanding the functional mechanism that can stimulate regeneration in the meniscus, we hope that this review will provide a theoretical basis and strategies for meniscus tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Dai
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Tong Wu
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xi Leng
- Medical Imaging Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine16 Jichang Road, Baiyun District, Guangzhou 510405, Guangdong, China
| | - Wenqiang Yan
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoqing Hu
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yingfang Ao
- Institute of Sports Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital49 North Garden Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
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23
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Vinod E, Amirtham SM, Kachroo U, Goyal A, Ozbey O, James JV, Sathishkumar S, Ramasamy B. Articular chondroprogenitors in platelet rich plasma for treatment of osteoarthritis and osteochondral defects in a rabbit knee model. Knee 2021; 30:51-62. [PMID: 33857741 DOI: 10.1016/j.knee.2021.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Articular chondroprogenitors are a promising contender for cartilage repair due to their inherent nature which stands primed for chondrogenesis and minimal hypertrophic preponderance. Platelet rich plasma (PRP) has been extensively used for treating cartilage defects and osteoarthritis (OA), due to its chondro-inductive properties and abundant pool of growth factors. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of chondroprogenitors injected with PRP versus PRP alone in the healing of experimentally created early OA and osteochondral defects (OCD) in a rabbit model. METHODS Adult New Zealand White male rabbits were used for cell and PRP isolation. Chondroprogenitors were isolated by fibronectin adhesion assay, labelled with iron oxide, characterized for surface markers, differential potential and expanded. PRP was isolated by double spin centrifugation using a TriCell kit. Study groups included (a) Monosodium iodoacetate induced early OA and (b) critical OCD. Following intervention (test arm: PRP+ chondroprogenitors and control arm: PRP), assessment was performed at 6- and 12-weeks which included histopathological examination and scoring (OARSI and Modified Wakitani score), immunohistochemistry analysis (Collagen type II and X) and synovial fluid S100A12 levels. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION Comparable, evident healing was noticed in both test and control arms when the OA group samples were assessed at both time points. In the OCD group, PRP alone exhibited significantly better results than the test arm, although repair was notable in both interventions. Further evaluation of chondroprogenitors is required to assess their role as a standalone therapy and in combination with PRP to further cartilage regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Vinod
- Department of Physiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632002, India; Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632002, India.
| | | | - Upasana Kachroo
- Department of Physiology, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632002, India
| | - Anjali Goyal
- Department of Pathology, Smt NHL Municipal Medical College, Ahmedabad 380006, India.
| | - Ozlem Ozbey
- Department of Histology and Embryology Campus, School of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya 07070, Turkey
| | | | | | - Boopalan Ramasamy
- Department of Orthopaedics, Royal Darwin Hospital, 105 Rocklands Drive, Tiwi, NT 0810, Australia.
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24
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Li H, Liao Z, Yang Z, Gao C, Fu L, Li P, Zhao T, Cao F, Chen W, Yuan Z, Sui X, Liu S, Guo Q. 3D Printed Poly(ε-Caprolactone)/Meniscus Extracellular Matrix Composite Scaffold Functionalized With Kartogenin-Releasing PLGA Microspheres for Meniscus Tissue Engineering. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:662381. [PMID: 33996783 PMCID: PMC8119888 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.662381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Meniscus tissue engineering (MTE) aims to fabricate ideal scaffolds to stimulate the microenvironment for recreating the damaged meniscal tissue. Indeed, favorable mechanical properties, suitable biocompatibility, and inherent chondrogenic capability are crucial in MTE. In this study, we present a composite scaffold by 3D printing a poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) scaffold as backbone, followed by injection with the meniscus extracellular matrix (MECM), and modification with kartogenin (KGN)-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microsphere (μS), which serves as a drug delivery system. Therefore, we propose a plan to improve meniscus regeneration via KGN released from the 3D porous PCL/MECM scaffold. The final results showed that the hydrophilicity and bioactivity of the resulting PCL/MECM scaffold were remarkably enhanced. In vitro synovium-derived mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) experiments suggested that introducing MECM components helped cell adhesion and proliferation and maintained promising ability to induce cell migration. Moreover, KGN-incorporating PLGA microspheres, which were loaded on scaffolds, showed a prolonged release profile and improved the chondrogenic differentiation of SMSCs during the 14-day culture. Particularly, the PCL/MECM-KGN μS seeded by SMSCs showed the highest secretion of total collagen and aggrecan. More importantly, the synergistic effect of the MECM and sustained release of KGN can endow the PCL/MECM-KGN μS scaffolds with not only excellent cell affinity and cell vitality preservation but also chondrogenic activity. Thus, the PCL/MECM-KGN μS scaffolds are expected to have good application prospects in the field of MTE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiyao Liao
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Cangjian Gao
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Liwei Fu
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Pinxue Li
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianyuan Zhao
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Fuyang Cao
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics, Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma and War Injuries PLA, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
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25
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Xie A, Peng Y, Yao Z, Lu L, Ni T. Effect of a subset of adipose-derived stem cells isolated with liposome magnetic beads to promote cartilage repair. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:4204-4215. [PMID: 33768729 PMCID: PMC8093962 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the ability of CD146+ subset of ADSCs to repair cartilage defects. In this study, we prepared CD146+ liposome magnetic beads (CD146+LMB) to isolate CD146+ADSCs. The cells were induced for chondrogenic differentiation and verified by cartilage‐specific mRNA and protein expression. Then a mouse model of cartilage defect was constructed and treated by filling the induced cartilage cells into the damaged joint, to evaluate the function of such cells in the cartilage microenvironment. Our results demonstrated that the CD146+LMBs we prepared were uniform, small and highly stable, and cell experiments showed that the CD146+LMB has low cytotoxicity to the ADSCs. ADSCs isolated with CD146+LMB were all CD146+, CD105+, CD166+ and CD73+. After chondrogenic induction, the cells showed significantly increased expression of cartilage markers Sox9, collagen Ⅱ and aggrecan at protein level and significantly increased Sox9, collagen Ⅱ and aggrecan at mRNA level, and the protein expression and mRNA expression of CD146+ADSCs group were higher than those of ADSCs group. The CD146+ADSCs group showed superior tissue repair ability than the ADSCs group and blank control group in the animal experiment, as judged by gross observation, histological observation and histological scoring. The above results proved that CD146+LMB can successfully isolate the CD146+ADSCs, and after chondrogenic induction, these cells successfully promoted repair of articular cartilage defects, which may be a new direction of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiguo Xie
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinbo Peng
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuochao Yao
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Lu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tao Ni
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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26
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Zhang S, Sun S, He J, Shen L. NT-3 promotes osteogenic differentiation of mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells by regulating the Akt pathway. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 2020; 20:591-599. [PMID: 33265088 PMCID: PMC7716693 DOI: pmid/33265088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the effect of neurotrophin-3 (NT-3) on osteogenic/adipogenic differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). METHODS Osteogenic differentiation was detected by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and alizarin red staining (ARS). Adipogenic differentiation was detected by oil red O (ORO) staining. The expression of bone-related genes (Runx2, Osterix, OCN, ALP) and lipogenic genes (FABP4, PPAR, CEBP, LPL) was detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time qPCR). The expression of p-Akt and Akt protein was detected by Western blot assay. RESULTS ALP staining and ARS staining showed that the overexpression of NT-3 could promote the differentiation into osteoblasts, while knockdown of NT-3 could inhibit that. Real-time qPCR showed that the overexpression of NT-3 could increase the expression of osteoblast genes, while knockdown of NT-3 could inhibit that. ORO staining showed that the overexpression of NT-3 could inhibit the differentiation into adipogenesis, while knockdown of NT-3 can promote that. Real-time qPCR showed that the overexpression of NT-3 could reduce the expression of lipogenic genes. while knockdown NT-3 could increase that. In addition, the overexpression of NT-3 increased p-Akt/Akt levels significantly, while knockdown NT-3 reduced that significantly. CONCLUSION NT-3 could promote the differentiation of mouse BMSCs into osteoblasts and inhibit their differentiation into adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanqiang Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Yue Bei People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shantou University Medical College, P.R. China
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, P.R. China
| | - Shizhu Sun
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, P.R. China
| | - Jun He
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, P.R. China
| | - Lei Shen
- Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, P.R. China
- Corresponding author: Lei Shen, Department of Anatomy, Qiqihar Medical University, No. 333 Bukui North Street, Jianhua District, Qiqihar City, Heilongjiang 161006, P.R. China E-mail:
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27
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Li H, Yang Z, Fu L, Yuan Z, Gao C, Sui X, Liu S, Peng J, Dai Y, Guo Q. Advanced Polymer-Based Drug Delivery Strategies for Meniscal Regeneration. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 27:266-293. [PMID: 32988289 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2020.0156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The meniscus plays a critical role in maintaining knee joint homeostasis. Injuries to the meniscus, especially considering the limited self-healing capacity of the avascular region, continue to be a challenge and are often treated by (partial) meniscectomy, which has been identified to cause osteoarthritis. Currently, meniscus tissue engineering focuses on providing extracellular matrix (ECM)-mimicking scaffolds to direct the inherent meniscal regeneration process, and it has been found that various stimuli are essential. Numerous bioactive factors present benefits in regulating cell fate, tissue development, and healing, but lack an optimal delivery system. More recently, bioengineers have developed various polymer-based drug delivery systems (PDDSs), which are beneficial in terms of the favorable properties of polymers as well as novel delivery strategies. Engineered PDDSs aim to provide not only an ECM-mimicking microenvironment but also the controlled release of bioactive factors with release profiles tailored according to the biological concerns and properties of the factors. In this review, both different polymers and bioactive factors involved in meniscal regeneration are discussed, as well as potential candidate systems, with examples of recent progress. This article aims to summarize drug delivery strategies in meniscal regeneration, with a focus on novel delivery strategies rather than on specific delivery carriers. The current challenges and future prospects for the structural and functional regeneration of the meniscus are also discussed. Impact statement Meniscal injury remains a clinical Gordian knot owing to the limited healing potential of the region, restricted surgical approaches, and risk of inducing osteoarthritis. Existing tissue engineering scaffolds that provide mechanical support and a favorable microenvironment also lack biological cues. Advanced polymer-based delivery strategies consisting of polymers incorporating bioactive factors have emerged as a promising direction. This article primarily reviews the types and applications of biopolymers and bioactive factors in meniscal regeneration. Importantly, various carrier systems and drug delivery strategies are discussed with the hope of inspiring further advancements in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Fu
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Zhiguo Yuan
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China.,Department of Bone and Joint Surgery, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cangjian Gao
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Xiang Sui
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Shuyun Liu
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
| | - Yongjing Dai
- Department of Orthopedic, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Quanyi Guo
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.,Institute of Orthopedics, The First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital; Beijing Key Lab of Regenerative Medicine in Orthopedics; Key Laboratory of Musculoskeletal Trauma & War Injuries PLA; Beijing, China
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28
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Biological strategies for osteoarthritis: from early diagnosis to treatment. INTERNATIONAL ORTHOPAEDICS 2020; 45:335-344. [PMID: 33078204 DOI: 10.1007/s00264-020-04838-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To provide an updated review of the literature on the use of orthobiologics as a potential treatment option to alleviate symptoms associated with osteoarthritis (OA), slow the progression of the disease, and aid in cartilage regeneration. METHODS A comprehensive review of the literature was performed to identify basic science and clinical studies examining the role of orthobiologics in the diagnosis and management of osteoarthritis. RESULTS Certain molecules (such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs), cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF), microRNAs, growth differentiation factor 11 (GDF-11)) have been recognized as biomarkers that are implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of degenerative joint disease (DJD). These biomarkers have been used to develop newer diagnostic applications and targeted biologic therapies for DJD. Local injection therapy with biologic agents such as platelet-rich plasma or stem cell-based preparations has been associated with significant improvement in joint pain and function in patients with OA and has increased in popularity during the last decade. The combination of PRP with kartogenin or TGF-b3 may also enhance its biologic effect. The mesenchymal stem cell secretome has been recognized as a potential target for the development of OA therapies due to its role in mediating the chondroprotective effects of these cells. Recent experiments have also suggested the modification of gut microbiome as a newer method to prevent OA or alter the progression of the disease. CONCLUSIONS The application of orthobiologics for the diagnosis and treatment of DJD is a rapidly evolving field that will continue to expand. The identification of OA-specific and joint-specific biomarker molecules for early diagnosis of OA would be extremely useful for the development of preventive and therapeutic protocols. Local injection therapies with HA, PRP, BMAC, and other stem cell-based preparations are currently being used to improve pain and function in patients with early OA or those with progressed disease who are not surgical candidates. Although the clinical outcomes of these therapies seem to be promising in clinical studies, future research will determine the true role of orthobiologic applications in the field of DJS.
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29
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Luo C, Xie R, Zhang J, Liu Y, Li Z, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Yuan T, Chen Y, Fan W. Low-Temperature Three-Dimensional Printing of Tissue Cartilage Engineered with Gelatin Methacrylamide. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2020; 26:306-316. [PMID: 32349648 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2020.0053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Luo
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Rui Xie
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiyong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zuxi Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Tao Yuan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yinan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weimin Fan
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Zhao Y, Zhao X, Zhang R, Huang Y, Li Y, Shan M, Zhong X, Xing Y, Wang M, Zhang Y, Zhao Y. Cartilage Extracellular Matrix Scaffold With Kartogenin-Encapsulated PLGA Microspheres for Cartilage Regeneration. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:600103. [PMID: 33363129 PMCID: PMC7756004 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.600103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Repair of articular cartilage defects is a challenging aspect of clinical treatment. Kartogenin (KGN), a small molecular compound, can induce the differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) into chondrocytes. Here, we constructed a scaffold based on chondrocyte extracellular matrix (CECM) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres (MP), which can slowly release KGN, thus enhancing its efficiency. Cell adhesion, live/dead staining, and CCK-8 results indicated that the PLGA(KGN)/CECM scaffold exhibited good biocompatibility. Histological staining and quantitative analysis demonstrated the ability of the PLGA(KGN)/CECM composite scaffold to promote the differentiation of BMSCs. Macroscopic observations, histological tests, and specific marker analysis showed that the regenerated tissues possessed characteristics similar to those of normal hyaline cartilage in a rabbit model. Use of the PLGA(KGN)/CECM scaffold may mimic the regenerative microenvironment, thereby promoting chondrogenic differentiation of BMSCs in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, this innovative composite scaffold may represent a promising approach for acellular cartilage tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- *Correspondence: Yanhong Zhao,
| | - Xige Zhao
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Rui Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Ying Huang
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunjie Li
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Minhui Shan
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xintong Zhong
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Xing
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Wang
- Stomatological Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Yanmei Zhao
- Institute of Disaster Medicine, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
- Yanmei Zhao,
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Zhang P, Zhou L, Wang L, Dong Q. A Novel Nanofiber Hydrogel Loaded with Platelet-Rich Plasma Promotes Wound Healing Through Enhancing the Survival of Fibroblasts. Med Sci Monit 2019; 25:8712-8721. [PMID: 31739310 PMCID: PMC6880629 DOI: 10.12659/msm.919812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Hydrogels are ideal biological carriers in vivo and have been widely used in the treatment of wound healing through loading with or without bioactive substances. Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is purified from autologous plasma and has known curative efficacy for wound healing. The combined efficacy of shorten poly-N-acetyl glucosamine (sNAG) hydrogels and PRP in the treatment of wound healing has not been previously assessed. Material/Methods The cytotoxic and proliferative effects of PRP on fibroblasts were detected using Cell Counting Kit-8 assays and flow cytometry. The levels of cyclin D1 and cyclin D3 were assessed to evaluate cell proliferation. Protein expression was assessed by western blot analysis. Adenosine levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by flow cytometry and western blot analysis. Rat wound models were performed, and the effects of PRP, single hydrogels, and sNAG hydrogels loaded with PRP were respectively detected through the assessment of wound closure. Hematoxylin eosin staining was used to measure the depth and width of regenerative scars. Results Our results demonstrated that PRP promotes fibroblast proliferation and inhibits apoptosis. PRP contains abundant levels of adenosine, which has a positive role on fibroblast function, whilst the inhibition of adenosine A2A receptors impairs the efficacy of PRP. sNAG hydrogels loaded with PRP showed curative efficacy during wound healing in mice. Mice treated with hydrogels loaded with PRP showed high levels of regeneration with scarless healing. Conclusions Our results indicate that sNAG hydrogels loaded with PRP promote wound healing. The pro-proliferative, and anti-apoptotic effects of the fibroblasts are mediated by the activating A2A receptor in response to elevated adenosine levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Long Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital, The Affiliated Suzhou Science and Technology Town Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
| | - Qirong Dong
- Department of Orthopedics, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China (mainland)
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