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Wan XX, Zhang DY, Khan MA, Zheng SY, Hu XM, Zhang Q, Yang RH, Xiong K. Stem Cell Transplantation in the Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: From Insulin Replacement to Beta-Cell Replacement. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:859638. [PMID: 35370989 PMCID: PMC8972968 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.859638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease that attacks pancreatic β-cells, leading to the destruction of insulitis-related islet β-cells. Islet β-cell transplantation has been proven as a curative measure in T1DM. However, a logarithmic increase in the global population with diabetes, limited donor supply, and the need for lifelong immunosuppression restrict the widespread use of β-cell transplantation. Numerous therapeutic approaches have been taken to search for substitutes of β-cells, among which stem cell transplantation is one of the most promising alternatives. Stem cells have demonstrated the potential efficacy to treat T1DM by reconstitution of immunotolerance and preservation of islet β-cell function in recent research. cGMP-grade stem cell products have been used in human clinical trials, showing that stem cell transplantation has beneficial effects on T1DM, with no obvious adverse reactions. To better achieve remission of T1DM by stem cell transplantation, in this work, we explain the progression of stem cell transplantation such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), human embryonic stem cells (hESCs), and bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells (BM-HSCs) to restore the immunotolerance and preserve the islet β-cell function of T1DM in recent years. This review article provides evidence of the clinical applications of stem cell therapy in the treatment of T1DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Xing Wan
- Department of Endocrinology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dan-Yi Zhang
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Md. Asaduzzaman Khan
- The Research Centre for Preclinical Medicine, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Sheng-Yuan Zheng
- Clinical Medicine Eight-Year Program, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xi-Min Hu
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Rong-Hua Yang
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Kun Xiong, ; Rong-Hua Yang,
| | - Kun Xiong
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma, Ministry of Education, College of Emergency and Trauma, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Kun Xiong, ; Rong-Hua Yang,
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2
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Silva CS, Reis RL, Martins A, Neves NM. Recapitulation of Thymic Function by Tissue Engineering Strategies. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100773. [PMID: 34197034 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The thymus is responsible for the development and selection of T lymphocytes, which in turn also participate in the maturation of thymic epithelial cells. These events occur through the close interactions between hematopoietic stem cells and developing thymocytes with the thymic stromal cells within an intricate 3D network. The complex thymic microenvironment and function, and the current therapies to induce thymic regeneration or to overcome the lack of a functional thymus are herein reviewed. The recapitulation of the thymic function using tissue engineering strategies has been explored as a way to control the body's tolerance to external grafts and to generate ex vivo T cells for transplantation. In this review, the main advances in the thymus tissue engineering field are disclosed, including both scaffold- and cell-based strategies. In light of the current gaps and limitations of the developed systems, the design of novel biomaterials for this purpose with unique features is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina S. Silva
- 3B's Research Group I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics University of Minho Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory AvePark, Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research Group I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics University of Minho Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory AvePark, Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
| | - Albino Martins
- 3B's Research Group I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics University of Minho Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory AvePark, Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
| | - Nuno M. Neves
- 3B's Research Group I3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials Biodegradables and Biomimetics University of Minho Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine ICVS/3B's – PT Government Associate Laboratory AvePark, Parque da Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
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3
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Sharma H, Moroni L. Recent Advancements in Regenerative Approaches for Thymus Rejuvenation. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2100543. [PMID: 34306981 PMCID: PMC8292900 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202100543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The thymus plays a key role in adaptive immunity by generating a diverse population of T cells that defend the body against pathogens. Various factors from disease and toxic insults contribute to the degeneration of the thymus resulting in a fewer output of T cells. Consequently, the body is prone to a wide host of diseases and infections. In this review, first, the relevance of the thymus is discussed, followed by thymic embryological organogenesis and anatomy as well as the development and functionality of T cells. Attempts to regenerate the thymus include in vitro methods, such as forming thymic organoids aided by biofabrication techniques that are transplantable. Ex vivo methods that have shown promise in enhancing thymic regeneration are also discussed. Current regenerative technologies have not yet matched the complexity and functionality of the thymus. Therefore, emerging techniques that have shown promise and the challenges that lie ahead are explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Himal Sharma
- MERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineDepartment of Complex Tissue RegenerationMaastricht UniversityMaastricht6229 ERNetherlands
| | - Lorenzo Moroni
- MERLN Institute for Technology‐Inspired Regenerative MedicineDepartment of Complex Tissue RegenerationMaastricht UniversityMaastricht6229 ERNetherlands
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4
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Lin Y, Cui C, Su M, Silbart LK, Liu H, Zhao J, He L, Huang Y, Xu D, Wei X, Du Q, Lai L. Identification of TAPBPL as a novel negative regulator of T-cell function. EMBO Mol Med 2021; 13:e13404. [PMID: 33938620 PMCID: PMC8103088 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202013404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
T cell stimulatory and inhibitory molecules are critical for the regulation of immune responses. In this study, we identify a novel T cell co‐inhibitory molecule TAPBPL, whose amino acid sequence shares homology with known B7 family members. TAPBPL protein is expressed on resting and activated T cells, B cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells (DCs), as well as on some tumor tissues. The putative TAPBPL receptor is expressed on activated CD4 and CD8 T cells. A soluble recombinant human TAPBPL‐IgG Fc (hTAPBPL‐Ig) fusion protein inhibits the proliferation, activation, and cytokine production of both mouse and human T cells in vitro. In vivo administration of hTAPBPL‐Ig protein attenuates experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) in mice. Furthermore, an anti‐TAPBPL monoclonal antibody neutralizes the inhibitory activity of hTAPBPL‐Ig on T cells, enhances antitumor immunity, and inhibits tumor growth in animal models. Our results suggest that therapeutic intervention of the TAPBPL inhibitory pathway may represent a new strategy to modulate T cell‐mediated immunity for the treatment of cancer, infections, autoimmune diseases, and transplant rejection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Lin
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Quanzhou, China
| | - Cheng Cui
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Min Su
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Lawrence K Silbart
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Haiyan Liu
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong, China
| | - Jin Zhao
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Lang He
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,School of Biological Science and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuanmao Huang
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, China
| | - Dexin Xu
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,Fuzhou Pulmonary Hospital, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Wei
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,College of Basic Medicine, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, China
| | - Qian Du
- Plant Biology Section, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Laijun Lai
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.,University of Connecticut Stem Cell Institute, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
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Black LA, Zorina T. Genetic profile considerations for induction of allogeneic chimerism as a therapeutic approach for type 1 diabetes mellitus. Drug Discov Today 2020; 25:1293-1297. [PMID: 32445668 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The major therapeutic modality for type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) remains sustaining euglycemia by exogenous administration of insulin. Based on a new understanding of bone marrow structural and functional dynamics, a conditioning-free bone marrow transplantation (BMT), with reduced adverse effects, opens the possibility for evaluating β cell regeneration and restoration of euglycemia by induction of allogeneic chimerism in patients T1DM, as shown in a mouse model. With this therapeutic modality, donor bone marrow (BM) selection based on T1DM-predisposing and preventive phenotypes will improve treatment outcomes by limiting the risk of exacerbating the autoimmune processes in the BM recipient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Labe A Black
- Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson College of Health Professions, Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
| | - Tatiana Zorina
- Thomas Jefferson University, Jefferson College of Health Professions, Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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