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Hu B, Qiao W, Cao Y, Fu X, Song J. A sono-responsive antibacterial nanosystem co-loaded with metformin and bone morphogenetic protein-2 for mitigation of inflammation and bone loss in experimental peri-implantitis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1410230. [PMID: 38854857 PMCID: PMC11157067 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1410230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Dental implants have become an increasingly popular option for replacing missing teeth, and the prevalence of peri-implantitis has also increased, which is expected to become a public health problem worldwide and cause high economic and health burdens. This scenario highlights the need for new therapeutic options to treat peri-implantitis. Methods In this study, we proposed a novel sono-responsive antibacterial nanosystem co-loaded with metformin (Met) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to promote efficacy in treating peri-implantitis. We introduced the zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) as a carrier for hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether (HMME) to enhance the antibacterial effect of sonodynamic antibacterial therapy and tested its reactive oxygen species (ROS) production efficiency and bactericidal effect in vitro. Afterward, HMME-loaded ZIF-8, BMP-2-loaded polylactic acid-glycolic acid (PLGA), and Met were incorporated into gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) hydrogels to form HMME@ZIF-8/Met/BMP-2@PLGA/GelMA composite hydrogels, and the biocompatibility of which was determined in vitro and in vivo. A bacterial-induced peri-implantitis model in the maxilla of rats was established to detect the effects of the composite hydrogels with adjunctive use of ultrasound on regulating inflammation and promoting bone tissue repair in vivo. Results The results indicated that HMME@ZIF-8 with ultrasound stimulation demonstrated more better ROS production efficiency and antimicrobial efficacy. The composite hydrogels had good biocompatibility. Ultrasound-assisted application of the composite hydrogels reduced the release of the inflammatory factors IL-6 and TNF-α and reduced bone loss around the implant in rats with bacterial-induced peri-implantitis. Conclusion Our observations suggest that HMME@ZIF-8 may be a new good sonosensitizer material for sonodynamic antibacterial therapy. The use of HMME@ZIF-8/Met/BMP-2@PLGA/GelMA composite hydrogels in combination with ultrasound can provide a novel option for treating peri-implantitis in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Wang Qiao
- Department of Stomatology, Shapingba Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Molecular Imaging, Institute of Ultrasound Imaging, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoming Fu
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinlin Song
- College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education, Chongqing, China
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Alnasser M, Alshammari AH, Siddiqui AY, Alothmani OS, Issrani R, Iqbal A, Khattak O, Prabhu N. Tissue Regeneration on Rise: Dental Hard Tissue Regeneration and Challenges-A Narrative Review. SCIENTIFICA 2024; 2024:9990562. [PMID: 38690100 PMCID: PMC11057954 DOI: 10.1155/2024/9990562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Background As people live longer, there is an increasing need for hard tissue regeneration and whole-tooth regeneration. Despite the advancements in the field of medicine, the field of regenerative dentistry is still challenging due to the complexity of dental hard tissues. Cross-disciplinary collaboration among material scientists, cellular biologists, and odontologists aimed at developing strategies and uncovering solutions related to dental tissue regeneration. Methodology. A search of the literature was done for pertinent research. Consistent with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) 2020 Statement, the electronic databases looked at were PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Google Scholar, with the keyword search "hard dental tissue regeneration." Results Database analysis yielded a total of 476 articles. 222 duplicate articles have been removed in total. Articles that have no connection to the directed regeneration of hard dental tissue were disregarded. The review concluded with the inclusion of four studies that were relevant to our research objective. Conclusion Current molecular signaling network investigations and novel viewpoints on cellular heterogeneity have made advancements in understanding of the kinetics of dental hard tissue regeneration possible. Here, we outline the fundamentals of stem hard dental tissue maintenance, regeneration, and repair, as well as recent advancements in the field of hard tissue regeneration. These intriguing findings help establish a framework that will eventually enable basic research findings to be utilized towards oral health-improving medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhsen Alnasser
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Amna Yusuf Siddiqui
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Shujaa Alothmani
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rakhi Issrani
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Research Analytics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Azhar Iqbal
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama Khattak
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Namdeo Prabhu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
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Hazrati P, Mirtaleb MH, Boroojeni HSH, Koma AAY, Nokhbatolfoghahaei H. Current Trends, Advances, and Challenges of Tissue Engineering-Based Approaches of Tooth Regeneration: A Review of the Literature. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:473-496. [PMID: 35984017 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220818103228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tooth loss is a significant health issue. Currently, this situation is often treated with the use of synthetic materials such as implants and prostheses. However, these treatment modalities do not fully meet patients' biological and mechanical needs and have limited longevity. Regenerative medicine focuses on the restoration of patients' natural tissues via tissue engineering techniques instead of rehabilitating with artificial appliances. Therefore, a tissue-engineered tooth regeneration strategy seems like a promising option to treat tooth loss. OBJECTIVE This review aims to demonstrate recent advances in tooth regeneration strategies and discoveries about underlying mechanisms and pathways of tooth formation. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Whole tooth regeneration, tooth root formation, and dentin-pulp organoid generation have been achieved by using different seed cells and various materials for scaffold production. Bioactive agents are critical elements for the induction of cells into odontoblast or ameloblast lineage. Some substantial pathways enrolled in tooth development have been figured out, helping researchers design their experiments more effectively and aligned with the natural process of tooth formation. CONCLUSION According to current knowledge, tooth regeneration is possible in case of proper selection of stem cells, appropriate design and manufacturing of a biocompatible scaffold, and meticulous application of bioactive agents for odontogenic induction. Understanding innate odontogenesis pathways play a crucial role in accurately planning regenerative therapeutic interventions in order to reproduce teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parham Hazrati
- School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Helia Sadat Haeri Boroojeni
- Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Department, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Hanieh Nokhbatolfoghahaei
- Dental Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Kim KH, Kim EJ, Kim HY, Li S, Jung HS. Fabrication of functional ameloblasts from hiPSCs for dental application. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1164811. [PMID: 37457296 PMCID: PMC10339106 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1164811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Tooth formation relies on two types of dental cell populations, namely, the dental epithelium and dental mesenchyme, and the interactions between these cell populations are important during tooth development. Although human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) can differentiate into dental epithelial and mesenchymal cells, organoid research on tooth development has not been established yet. This study focused on the hiPSC-derived human ameloblast organoid (hAO) using a three-dimensional (3D) culture system. hAOs had similar properties to ameloblasts, forming enamel in response to calcium and mineralization by interaction with the dental mesenchyme. hAOs simultaneously had osteogenic and odontogenic differentiation potential. Furthermore, hAOs demonstrated tooth regenerative potential upon interaction with the mouse dental mesenchyme. Our findings provide new insights into a suitable hiPSC-derived dental source and demonstrate that hAOs can be beneficial not only for tooth regeneration but also for the study of various dental diseases for which treatment has not been developed yet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ka-Hwa Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Shujin Li
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han-Sung Jung
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Taste Research Center, Oral Science Research Center, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Pan Y, Jiang Z, Ye Y, Zhu D, Li N, Yang G, Wang Y. Role and Mechanism of BMP4 in Regenerative Medicine and Tissue Engineering. Ann Biomed Eng 2023:10.1007/s10439-023-03173-6. [PMID: 37014581 DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03173-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) is emerging as a promising cytokine for regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. BMP4 has been shown to promote the regeneration of teeth, periodontal tissue, bone, cartilage, the thymus, hair, neurons, nucleus pulposus, and adipose tissue, as well as the formation of skeletal myotubes and vessels. BMP4 can also contribute to the formation of tissues in the heart, lung, and kidney. However, there are certain deficiencies, including the insufficiency of the mechanism of BMP4 in some fields and an appropriate carrier of BMP4 for clinical use. There has also been a lack of in vivo experiments and orthotopic transplantation studies in some fields. BMP4 has great distance from the clinical application. Therefore, there are many BMP4-related studies waiting to be explored. This review mainly discusses the effects, mechanisms, and applications of BMP4 in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering over the last 10 years in various domains and possible improvements. BMP4 has shown great potential in regenerative medicine and tissue engineering. The research of BMP4 has broad development space and great value.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqi Pan
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Zhiwei Jiang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Yuer Ye
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Danji Zhu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Na Li
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Guoli Yang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
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Transcriptomic Network Regulation of Rat Tooth Germ from Bell Differentiation Stage to Secretory Stage: MAPK Signaling Pathway Is Crucial to Extracellular Matrix Remodeling. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 2023:4038278. [PMID: 36820224 PMCID: PMC9938770 DOI: 10.1155/2023/4038278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Hard tissues make up the vast majority of teeth and are mineralized from the surrounding matrix. If the development of tooth germ is affected during mineralization, hypoplasia of the tooth tissue can occur. To better understand the mechanisms mediating hypoplasia, we need to first study normal development. Using a rodent model, we highlight the transcriptomic changes that occur from the differentiation to secretion stages of mandibular molar germs. The tooth germ was dissected from rats at postnatal day 1.5 or 3.5 for high-throughput sequencing. Combining transcriptome analysis and DNA methylation, we identified 590 differentially expressed genes (436 upregulated and 154 downregulated) and 551 differentially expressed lncRNAs (long noncoding RNA; 369 upregulated and 182 downregulated) which were linked to the biological processes of odontogenesis, amelogenesis, tooth mineralization, and the alteration of extracellular matrix (ECM), especially matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and elastin. We found DNA methylation changes in 32 selected fragments involved in 5 chromosomes, 26 targets, and 2 haplotypes. Finally, three novel genes were identified: MMP20, Tgfb3, and Dusp1. Further analysis revealed that MMP20 has a role in odontogenesis and amelogenesis by influencing Slc24a4 and DSPP; Tgfb3 is involved in epithelial cell proliferation, cellular component disassembly process, ECM cellular component, and decomposition of cell components. But lncRNA expression could affect DNA methylation and mRNA expression. Moreover, the degree of DNA methylation could also affect the transcriptome level. Thus, Tgfb3 had no difference in DNA methylation, and Dusp1 conferred no difference at the transcriptome level. These three genes were all enriched in the MAPK pathway and played an important role in ECM remodeling. These data suggest that during the period of the bell differentiation stage to the secretory stage, along with enamel/dentin matrix secretion and hard tissue occurrence, the ECM is remodeled via MAPK signaling.
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7
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Zhang S, Sui Y, Zhang Y, Yan S, Ding C, Feng Y, Xiong J, Wei S. Derivation of Human Salivary Epithelial Progenitors from Pluripotent Stem Cells via Activation of RA and Wnt Signaling. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2023; 19:430-442. [PMID: 35948781 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-022-10431-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Derivation of salivary gland epithelial progenitors (SGEPs) from human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) has great potential in developmental biology and regenerative medicine. At present, no efficient method is available to generate salivary gland cells from hPSCs. Here, we described for the first time a robust protocol for direct differentiation of hPSCs into SGEPs by mimicking retinoic acid and Wnt signaling. These hPSC-derived SGEPs expressed SOX9, KRT5, and KRT19, important progenitor markers of developing salivary glands. CD24 and α-SMA positive cells, capable of restoring the functions of injured salivary glands, were also present in SGEP cultures. Importantly, RNA-sequencing revealed that the SGEPs resembled the transcript profiles of human fetal submandibular glands. Therefore, we provided an efficient protocol to induce hPSCs differentiation into SGEPs. Our study provides a foundation for generating functional hPSCs derived salivary gland acinar cells and three-dimensional organoids, potentially serving as new models for basic study and future translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhang
- Central Laboratory, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Yi Sui
- Central Laboratory, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yifei Zhang
- Central Laboratory, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Shuang Yan
- Central Laboratory, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Chong Ding
- Central Laboratory, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yanrui Feng
- Central Laboratory, and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jingwei Xiong
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Shicheng Wei
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China. .,Laboratory of Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.
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8
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Kong X, Lu L, Lin D, Chong L, Wen S, Shi Y, Lin L, Zhou L, Zhang H, Zhang H. FGF10 ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice via the BMP4-autophagy pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1019755. [PMID: 36618911 PMCID: PMC9813441 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1019755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Damage to alveolar epithelial cells caused by uncontrolled inflammation is considered to be the main pathophysiological change in acute lung injury. FGF10 plays an important role as a fibroblast growth factor in lung development and lung diseases, but its protective effect against acute lung injury is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate protective effect and mechanism of FGF10 on acute lung injury in mice. Methods: ALI was induced by intratracheal injection of LPS into 57BL/6J mice. Six hours later, lung bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was acquired to analyse cells, protein and the determination of pro-inflammatory factor levels, and lung issues were collected for histologic examination and wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio analysis and blot analysis of protein expression. Results: We found that FGF10 can prevent the release of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β, increase the expression of BMP4 and autophagy pathway, promote the regeneration of alveolar epithelial type Ⅱ cells, and improve acute lung injury. BMP4 gene knockdown decreased the protective effect of FGF10 on the lung tissue of mice. However, the activation of autophagy was reduced after BMP4 inhibition by Noggin. Additionally, the inhibition of autophagy by 3-MA also lowered the protective effect of FGF10 on alveolar epithelial cells induced by LPS. Conclusions: These data suggest that the protective effect of FGF10 is related to the activation of autophagy and regeneration of alveolar epithelial cells in an LPS-induced ALI model, and that the activation of autophagy may depend on the increase in BMP4 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Kong
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Hypoxia Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Children’s Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liling Lu
- Department of Children’s Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Ultrasound, Children’s Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Daopeng Lin
- Department of Children’s Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Cangnan Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Cangnan, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lei Chong
- Department of Children’s Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shunhang Wen
- Department of Children’s Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yaokai Shi
- Department of Children’s Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Lidan Lin
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Hypoxia Research, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Liqin Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuji People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhuji People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, China,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cixi Biomedical Research Institute, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Hongyu Zhang, ; Hailin Zhang,
| | - Hailin Zhang
- Department of Children’s Respiration, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children’s Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China,*Correspondence: Hongyu Zhang, ; Hailin Zhang,
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Fayezi S, Fayyazpour P, Norouzi Z, Mehdizadeh A. Strategies for Mammalian Mesenchymal Stem Cells Differentiation into Primordial Germ Cell-Like Cells: A Review. CELL JOURNAL 2022; 24:434-441. [PMID: 36093802 PMCID: PMC9468722 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2022.8087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Primordial germ cells develop into oocytes and sperm cells. These cells are useful resources in reproductive biology and regenerative medicine. The mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been examined for in vitro production of primordial germ cell-like cells. This study aimed to summarize the existing protocols for MSCs differentiation into primordial germ cell-like cells (PGLCs). In the limited identified studies, various models of mesenchymal stem cells, including those derived from adipose tissue, bone marrow, and Wharton's jelly, have been successfully differentiated into primordial germ cell-like cells. Although the protocols of specification induction are basically very similar, they have been adjusted to the mesenchymal cell type and the species of origin. The availability of MSCs has made it possible to customize conditions for their differentiation into primordial germ cell-like cells in several models, including humans. Refining germ cell-related signaling pathways during induced differentiation of MSCs will help define extension to the protocols for primordial germ cell-like cells production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabnam Fayezi
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Department of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Fertility Disorders, Women's Hospital, Ruprecht-Karls University of Heidelberg,
Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Parisa Fayyazpour
- Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,Department of Biochemistry and Clinical Laboratories, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Norouzi
- Student’s Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Mehdizadeh
- Endocrine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran,P.O.Box: 5166614756Endocrine Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
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Fu Z, Zhuang Y, Cui J, Sheng R, Tomás H, Rodrigues J, Zhao B, Wang X, Lin K. Development and challenges of cells- and materials-based tooth regeneration. ENGINEERED REGENERATION 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.engreg.2022.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
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11
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Ye Y, Jiang Z, Pan Y, Yang G, Wang Y. Role and mechanism of BMP4 in bone, craniofacial, and tooth development. Arch Oral Biol 2022; 140:105465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2022.105465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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12
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She Y, Zhang Y, Xiao Z, Yuan G, Yang G. The regulation of Msx1 by BMP4/pSmad1/5 signaling is mediated by importin7 in dental mesenchymal cells. Cells Dev 2022; 169:203763. [PMID: 34995814 DOI: 10.1016/j.cdev.2021.203763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Msx1 is essential for the maintenance of the odontogenic fate of dental mesenchymal cells, and is regulated by BMP/Smad1/5 signaling in a Smad4-independent manner. However, the exact co-factors that assist pSmad1/5 entering the nucleus to regulate Msx1 in dental mesenchymal cells are still unknown. Importin7 (IPO7) is one of the important members of importin β-superfamily, which is mainly responsible for nucleocytoplasmic shuttling of RNAs and proteins, including transcription factors. This study aims to investigate whether IPO7 participates in the nuclear translocation of pSmad1/5 activated by BMP4 to regulate Msx1 expression in mouse dental mesenchymal cells. In the current study, we found that IPO7 was strongly expressed in the mouse dental mesenchymal cells at postnatal day 1 (PN1) both in vitro and in vivo. With BMP4 stimulation, IPO7 showed a translocation from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Knockdown of IPO7 with siRNA inhibited the nuclear accumulation of pSmad1/5 in response to BMP4 stimulation. Furthermore, the co-immunoprecipitation assay showed pSmad1/5 was a nuclear import cargo of IPO7. Next, knockdown of IPO7 abolished the upregulation of Msx1 induced by BMP4, while overexpression of Smad1 was able to rescue the Msx1 expression. Finally, ChIP and Re-ChIP assay showed IPO7 facilitated the recruitment of pSmad1/5 to the Msx1 promoter. Taken together, our data demonstrated that the regulation of Msx1 by BMP4/pSmad1/5 signaling is mediated by importin7 in mouse dental mesenchymal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei She
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ziqiu Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guohua Yuan
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Guobin Yang
- The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology and Key Laboratory for Oral Biomedicine of Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
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Capparè P, Tetè G, Sberna MT, Panina-Bordignon P. The Emerging Role of Stem Cells in Regenerative Dentistry. Curr Gene Ther 2021; 20:259-268. [PMID: 32811413 DOI: 10.2174/1566523220999200818115803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Progress of modern dentistry is accelerating at a spectacular speed in the scientific, technological and clinical areas. Practical examples are the advancement in the digital field, which has guaranteed an average level of prosthetic practices for all patients, as well as other scientific developments, including research on stem cell biology. Given their plasticity, defined as the ability to differentiate into specific cell lineages with a capacity of almost unlimited self-renewal and release of trophic/immunomodulatory factors, stem cells have gained significant scientific and commercial interest in the last 15 years. Stem cells that can be isolated from various tissues of the oral cavity have emerged as attractive sources for bone and dental regeneration, mainly due to their ease of accessibility. This review will present the current understanding of emerging conceptual and technological issues of the use of stem cells to treat bone and dental loss defects. In particular, we will focus on the clinical application of stem cells, either directly isolated from oral sources or in vitro reprogrammed from somatic cells (induced pluripotent stem cells). Research aimed at further unraveling stem cell plasticity will allow to identify optimal stem cell sources and characteristics, to develop novel regenerative tools in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Capparè
- Department of Dentistry, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy,Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Tetè
- Department of Dentistry, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Paola Panina-Bordignon
- Neuroimmunology Unit, Institute of Experimental Neurology, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy,Dental School, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, School of Medicine, Milan, Italy
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14
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Strategies for differentiation of hiPSCs into dental epithelial cell lineage. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 386:415-421. [PMID: 34302527 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03512-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Different stem cell-based strategies, especially induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs), have been exploited to regenerate teeth or restore biological and physiological functions after tooth loss. Further research is needed to establish an optimized protocol to effectively differentiate human iPSCs (hiPSCs) into dental epithelial cells (DECs). In this study, various factors were precisely modulated to facilitate differentiation of hiPSCs into DECs, which are essential for the regeneration of functional teeth. Embryoid bodies (EBs) were formed from hiPSCs as embryo-like aggregates, retinoic acid (RA) was used as an early ectodermal inducer, and bone morphogenic protein 4 (BMP4) activity was manipulated. The characteristics of DECs were enhanced and preserved after culture in keratinocyte serum-free medium (K-SFM). The yielded cell population exhibited noticeable DEC characteristics, consistent with the expression of epithelial cell and ameloblast markers. DECs demonstrated odontogenic abilities by exerting an inductive effect on human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) and forming a tooth-like structure with the mouse tooth mesenchyme. Overall, our differentiation protocol provides a practical approach for applying hiPSCs for tooth regeneration.
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15
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Grgurevic L, Novak R, Salai G, Trkulja V, Hamzic LF, Popovic VZ, Bozic D. Identification of bone morphogenetic protein 4 in the saliva after the placement of fixed orthodontic appliance. Prog Orthod 2021; 22:19. [PMID: 34250561 PMCID: PMC8273045 DOI: 10.1186/s40510-021-00364-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background This study was conducted in order to explore the effects of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) on the changes of salivary proteome. This prospective observational pilot study recruited 12 healthy teenage boys with malocclusion treated with a fixed orthodontic appliance and 6 appropriate control participants. Saliva samples were collected a day before and at 0, 2, 7, and 30 days after initialization of treatment, corresponding to the initial, lag, and post-lag phases of OTM. Pooled samples were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, ELISA, and Western blotting. To date, there is no published data on the presence of BMP molecules or their antagonists in the saliva or in the gingival cervical fluid related to orthodontic conditions. Results A total of 198 identified saliva proteins were classified based on their functional characteristics. Proteins involved in bone remodeling were observed exclusively 30 days post appliance placement, including bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), a BMP antagonist BMP-binding endothelial regulator, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 3, cytoskeleton-associated protein 4, and fibroblast growth factor 5. Based on the analysis of protein interactions, BMP4 was found to have a central position in this OTM-related protein network. Conclusions The placement of a fixed orthodontic appliance induced occurrence of proteins involved in bone remodeling in the saliva at a time corresponding to the post-lag period of OTM. Limitations of this study include a relatively small sample size, limited time of monitoring patients, and the lack of interindividual variability assessment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40510-021-00364-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovorka Grgurevic
- Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department of Proteomics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 11, Zagreb, Croatia. .,Department of Anatomy, "Drago Perovic," School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
| | - Ruder Novak
- Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department of Proteomics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 11, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Grgur Salai
- Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department of Proteomics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 11, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vladimir Trkulja
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Lejla Ferhatovic Hamzic
- Center for Translational and Clinical Research, Department of Proteomics, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Salata 11, Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Darko Bozic
- Department of Periodontology, University of Zagreb, School of Dental Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia
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16
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Tan Q, Cao Y, Zheng X, Peng M, Huang E, Wang J. BMP4-regulated human dental pulp stromal cells promote pulp-like tissue regeneration in a decellularized dental pulp matrix scaffold. Odontology 2021; 109:895-903. [PMID: 34086131 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00620-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Pulp regeneration with stem cells is a promising alternative for treating periapical and pulp diseases of young permanent teeth. The aim of this study was to characterize decellularized dental pulp extracellular matrix (dECM) and investigate whether bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) regulates dental pulp stromal cells (DPSC)-mediated pulp regeneration combined with dECM. Dental pulp isolated from healthy third molars was decellularized with 10% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and Triton X-100. H&E staining, DAPI staining and electron microscopy were used to observe the dECM structure. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay was used to analyse cell proliferation. Recombinant adenovirus was used to overexpress BMP4 in DPSCs. The cells were cultured in dECM and dECM + three-dimensional (3D) Vitrogel systems, and bone/dentin/angiogenesis marker expression was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and ALP staining. DPSCs mixed with dECM and BMP4 were transplanted into nude mice, and pulp-like tissue formation was evaluated. The expression of osteogenic and angioblastic genes was increased, and pulp-like tissue formed in vivo. Thus, dECM promotes DPSC proliferation, BMP4 and dECM together accelerate pulp-like tissue formation by DPSCs in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Tan
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuying Cao
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaorong Zheng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengtian Peng
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China
| | - Enyi Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China. .,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jinhua Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, Stomatological Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 401147, People's Republic of China. .,Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Engineering of Higher Education College of Stomatology, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, People's Republic of China.
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Ahmed GM, Abouauf EA, AbuBakr N, Elarab AE, Fawzy El-Sayed K. Stem Cell-Based Tissue Engineering for Functional Enamel and Dentin/Pulp Complex: A Potential Alternative to the Restorative Therapies. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77052-5_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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Küchler EC, Hannegraf ND, Lara RM, Reis CLB, Oliveira DSBD, Mazzi-Chaves JF, Ribeiro Andrades KM, Lima LFD, Salles AG, Antunes LAA, Sousa-Neto MD, Antunes LS, Baratto-Filho F. Investigation of Genetic Polymorphisms in BMP2, BMP4, SMAD6, and RUNX2 and Persistent Apical Periodontitis. J Endod 2020; 47:278-285. [PMID: 33245975 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to evaluate the interplay among single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the encoding genes BMP2, BMP4, SMAD6, and RUNX2 in persistent apical periodontitis (PAP). METHODS In this multicentric study, 272 patients diagnosed with pulp necrosis with apical periodontitis before root canal therapy who attended regular follow-up visits for at least 1 year were screened. Periapical radiographs and clinical aspects were evaluated, and the participants were classified as PAP (n = 110) or repaired (n = 162). Genomic DNA was used for the genotyping of the following SNPs: rs1005464 and rs235768 in bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), rs17563 in bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4), rs2119261 and rs3934908 in SMAD family member 6 (SMAD6), and rs59983488 and rs1200425 in runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). The chi-square test was used to compare genotype distributions between groups. The multifactor dimensionality reduction method was applied to identify SNP-SNP interactions. The alpha for all the analysis was 5%. RESULTS The multifactor dimensionality reduction suggested the rs235768 in BMP2 and rs59983488 in RUNX2 as the best SNP-SNP interaction model (cross-validation = 10/10, testing balanced accuracy = 0.584, P = .026) followed by rs17563 in BMP4 and rs2119261 in SMAD6 (cross validation = 10/10, testing balanced accuracy = 0.580, P = .031). In the rs235768 in BMP2 and rs59983488 in RUNX2 model, the high-risk genotype was TT + TT (odds ratio = 4.36; 95% confidence interval, 0.44-42.1). In model rs17563 in BMP4 and rs2119261 in SMAD6, GG + TT (odds ratio = 2.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.71-11.9) was the high-risk genotype. CONCLUSIONS The interactions between rs235768 in BMP2 and rs59983488 in RUNX2 and between rs17563 in BMP4 and rs2119261 in SMAD6 are associated with PAP, suggesting that an interplay of these SNPs is involved in the higher risk of developing PAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Calvano Küchler
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | | | - Rafaela Mariana Lara
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Caio Luiz Bitencourt Reis
- Department of Clinic and Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Alfenas, Minas, Gerais, Brazil
| | | | - Jardel Francisco Mazzi-Chaves
- Department of Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kesly Mary Ribeiro Andrades
- Department of Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lorena Ferreira de Lima
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirao Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Guimarães Salles
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Health Institute of Nova Friburgo from the Fluminense Federal University; and Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University from the Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Livia Azeredo Alves Antunes
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Health Institute of Nova Friburgo from the Fluminense Federal University; and Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University from the Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Manoel Damião Sousa-Neto
- Department of Restorative Dentistry Department, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Santos Antunes
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry of Health Institute of Nova Friburgo from the Fluminense Federal University; and Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Fluminense Federal University from the Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Tissue Engineering Approaches for Enamel, Dentin, and Pulp Regeneration: An Update. Stem Cells Int 2020; 2020:5734539. [PMID: 32184832 PMCID: PMC7060883 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5734539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem/progenitor cells are undifferentiated cells characterized by their exclusive ability for self-renewal and multilineage differentiation potential. In recent years, researchers and investigations explored the prospect of employing stem/progenitor cell therapy in regenerative medicine, especially stem/progenitor cells originating from the oral tissues. In this context, the regeneration of the lost dental tissues including enamel, dentin, and the dental pulp are pivotal targets for stem/progenitor cell therapy. The present review elaborates on the different sources of stem/progenitor cells and their potential clinical applications to regenerate enamel, dentin, and the dental pulpal tissues.
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20
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Regulation of bone morphogenetic protein 4 on epithelial tissue. J Cell Commun Signal 2020; 14:283-292. [PMID: 31912367 DOI: 10.1007/s12079-019-00537-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial tissues provide tissue barriers and specialize in organs and glands. When epithelial homeostasis is physiologically or pathologically stimulated, epithelial cells produce mesenchymal cells through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition, forming new tissues, promoting the cure of diseases or leading to illness. A variety of cytokines are involved in the regulation of epithelial cell differentiation. Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), especially the bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4) has a variety of biological functions and plays a prominent role in the regulation of epithelial cell differentiation. BMP4 is an important regulatory factor of a series of life activities in vertebrates, which is also related to cell proliferation, differentiation and mobility, it also has relation with tumor development. This paper mainly reviews the mechanism of BMP4's regulation on epithelial tissues, as well as its effect on the growth, differentiation, benign lesions and malignant lesions of epithelial tissues, and expounds the function of BMP4 in epithelial tissues, to provide theoretical support for the research on reducing epithelial diseases.
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