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Wang S, Yu Y, Li Y, Zhang T, Jiang W, Wang X, Liu R. Prostatic lineage differentiation from human embryonic stem cells through inducible expression of NKX3-1. Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 15:274. [PMID: 39218930 PMCID: PMC11367998 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-024-03886-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding the lineage differentiation of human prostate not only is crucial for basic research on human developmental biology but also significantly contributes to the management of prostate-related disorders. Current knowledge mainly relies on studies on rodent models, lacking human-derived alternatives despite clinical samples may provide a snapshot at certain stage. Human embryonic stem cells can generate all the embryonic lineages including the prostate, and indeed a few studies demonstrate such possibility based on co-culture or co-transplantation with urogenital mesenchyme into mouse renal capsule. METHODS To establish a stepwise protocol to obtain prostatic organoids in vitro from human embryonic stem cells, we apply chemicals and growth factors by mimicking the regulation network of transcription factors and signal transduction pathways, and construct cell lines carrying an inducible NKX3-1 expressing cassette, together with three-dimensional culture system. Unpaired t test was applied for statistical analyses. RESULTS We first successfully generate the definitive endoderm, hindgut, and urogenital sinus cells. The embryonic stem cell-derived urogenital sinus cells express prostatic key transcription factors AR and FOXA1, but fail to express NKX3-1. Therefore, we construct NKX3-1-inducible cell line by homologous recombination, which is eventually able to yield AR, FOXA1, and NKX3-1 triple-positive urogenital prostatic lineage cells through stepwise differentiation. Finally, combined with 3D culture we successfully derive prostate-like organoids with certain structures and prostatic cell populations. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the crucial role of NKX3-1 in prostatic differentiation and offers the inducible NKX3-1 cell line, as well as provides a stepwise differentiation protocol to generate human prostate-like organoids, which should facilitate the studies on prostate development and disease pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songwei Wang
- Department of Urology, Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yangyang Yu
- Department of Urology, Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yinglei Li
- Department of Urology, Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Tianzhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- Department of Urology, Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Developmentally Originated Disease, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Ran Liu
- Department of Urology, Department of Biological Repositories, Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China.
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Chehelgerdi M, Behdarvand Dehkordi F, Chehelgerdi M, Kabiri H, Salehian-Dehkordi H, Abdolvand M, Salmanizadeh S, Rashidi M, Niazmand A, Ahmadi S, Feizbakhshan S, Kabiri S, Vatandoost N, Ranjbarnejad T. Exploring the promising potential of induced pluripotent stem cells in cancer research and therapy. Mol Cancer 2023; 22:189. [PMID: 38017433 PMCID: PMC10683363 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-023-01873-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of iPSCs has brought about a significant transformation in stem cell research, opening up promising avenues for advancing cancer treatment. The formation of cancer is a multifaceted process influenced by genetic, epigenetic, and environmental factors. iPSCs offer a distinctive platform for investigating the origin of cancer, paving the way for novel approaches to cancer treatment, drug testing, and tailored medical interventions. This review article will provide an overview of the science behind iPSCs, the current limitations and challenges in iPSC-based cancer therapy, the ethical and social implications, and the comparative analysis with other stem cell types for cancer treatment. The article will also discuss the applications of iPSCs in tumorigenesis, the future of iPSCs in tumorigenesis research, and highlight successful case studies utilizing iPSCs in tumorigenesis research. The conclusion will summarize the advancements made in iPSC-based tumorigenesis research and the importance of continued investment in iPSC research to unlock the full potential of these cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matin Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Behdarvand Dehkordi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Mohammad Chehelgerdi
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran.
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Hamidreza Kabiri
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Abdolvand
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sharareh Salmanizadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Hezar-Jereeb Street, Isfahan, 81746-73441, Iran
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
- The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Anoosha Niazmand
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saba Ahmadi
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Tbilisi State Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Sara Feizbakhshan
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Saber Kabiri
- Novin Genome (NG) Lab, Research and Development Center for Biotechnology, Shahrekord, Iran
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Nasimeh Vatandoost
- Pediatric Inherited Diseases Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-Communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Tayebeh Ranjbarnejad
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Science, Isfahan, Iran
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Gallon J, Rodriguez-Calero A, Benjak A, Akhoundova D, Maletti S, Amstutz U, Hewer E, Genitsch V, Fleischmann A, Rushing EJ, Grobholz R, Fischer I, Jochum W, Cathomas G, Osunkoya AO, Bubendorf L, Moch H, Thalmann G, Feng FY, Gillessen S, Ng CK, Rubin MA, Piscuoglio S. DNA Methylation Landscapes of Prostate Cancer Brain Metastasis Are Shaped by Early Driver Genetic Alterations. Cancer Res 2023; 83:1203-1213. [PMID: 36749655 PMCID: PMC10102845 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-22-2236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metastases from primary prostate cancers to rare locations, such as the brain, are becoming more common due to longer life expectancy resulting from improved treatments. Epigenetic dysregulation is a feature of primary prostate cancer, and distinct DNA methylation profiles have been shown to be associated with the mutually exclusive SPOP-mutant or TMPRSS2-ERG fusion genetic backgrounds. Using a cohort of prostate cancer brain metastases (PCBM) from 42 patients, with matched primary tumors for 17 patients, we carried out a DNA methylation analysis to examine the epigenetic distinction between primary prostate cancer and PCBM, the association between epigenetic alterations and mutational background, and particular epigenetic alterations that may be associated with PCBM. Multiregion sampling of PCBM revealed epigenetic stability within metastases. Aberrant methylation in PCBM was associated with mutational background and PRC2 complex activity, an effect that is particularly pronounced in SPOP-mutant PCBM. While PCBM displayed a CpG island hypermethylator phenotype, hypomethylation at the promoters of genes involved in neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction and cell adhesion molecules such as GABRB3, CLDN8, and CLDN4 was also observed, suggesting that cells from primary tumors may require specific reprogramming to form brain metastasis. This study revealed the DNA methylation landscapes of PCBM and the potential mechanisms and effects of PCBM-associated aberrant DNA methylation. SIGNIFICANCE DNA methylation analysis reveals the molecular characteristics of PCBM and may serve as a starting point for efforts to identify and target susceptibilities of these rare metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Gallon
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Antonio Rodriguez-Calero
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrej Benjak
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dilara Akhoundova
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Department of Medical Oncology, Inselspital, University Hospital of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Sina Maletti
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ursula Amstutz
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Ekkehard Hewer
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Vera Genitsch
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Achim Fleischmann
- Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Thurgau, Münsterlingen, Switzerland
| | | | - Rainer Grobholz
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Ingeborg Fischer
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Wolfram Jochum
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Gieri Cathomas
- Institute of Pathology, Cantonal Hospital Baselland, Liestal, Switzerland
| | - Adeboye O. Osunkoya
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
- Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lukas Bubendorf
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Holger Moch
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - George Thalmann
- Department of Urology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Felix Y. Feng
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | - Silke Gillessen
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, USI, Lugano, Switzerland
- Department of Oncology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Charlotte K.Y. Ng
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Lausanne, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Mark A. Rubin
- Department for BioMedical Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Bern Center for Precision Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Piscuoglio
- Visceral Surgery and Precision Medicine Research Laboratory, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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Dawson BC. Assessment and management of lower urinary tract symptoms in men. Nurs Stand 2023; 38:e11996. [PMID: 36970750 DOI: 10.7748/ns.2023.e11996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) is a broad term that covers a range of urinary issues, which are often categorised as storage and voiding symptoms. Storage symptoms include increased frequency, nocturia, urgency and urge incontinence, while voiding symptoms include hesitancy, suboptimal flow, dribbling and incomplete emptying. In men, the most common causes of LUTS are benign prostatic hyperplasia (prostate enlargement) and overactive bladder. This article provides an overview of the anatomy of the prostate and outlines the assessment process for men presenting with LUTS. It also explains the recommended lifestyle modifications, medicines and surgical interventions available to male patients who are experiencing these symptoms.
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Buskin A, Singh P, Lorenz O, Robson C, Strand DW, Heer R. A Review of Prostate Organogenesis and a Role for iPSC-Derived Prostate Organoids to Study Prostate Development and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222313097. [PMID: 34884905 PMCID: PMC8658468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222313097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The prostate is vulnerable to two major age-associated diseases, cancer and benign enlargement, which account for significant morbidity and mortality for men across the globe. Prostate cancer is the most common cancer reported in men, with over 1.2 million new cases diagnosed and 350,000 deaths recorded annually worldwide. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), characterised by the continuous enlargement of the adult prostate, symptomatically afflicts around 50% of men worldwide. A better understanding of the biological processes underpinning these diseases is needed to generate new treatment approaches. Developmental studies of the prostate have shed some light on the processes essential for prostate organogenesis, with many of these up- or downregulated genes expressions also observed in prostate cancer and/or BPH progression. These insights into human disease have been inferred through comparative biological studies relying primarily on rodent models. However, directly observing mechanisms of human prostate development has been more challenging due to limitations in accessing human foetal material. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) could provide a suitable alternative as they can mimic embryonic cells, and iPSC-derived prostate organoids present a significant opportunity to study early human prostate developmental processes. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of prostate development and its relevance to prostate-associated diseases. Additionally, we detail the potential of iPSC-derived prostate organoids for studying human prostate development and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Buskin
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (P.S.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (R.H.)
| | - Parmveer Singh
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (P.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Oliver Lorenz
- Newcastle University School of Computing, Digital Institute, Urban Sciences Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 5TG, UK;
| | - Craig Robson
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (P.S.); (C.R.)
| | - Douglas W. Strand
- Department of Urology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;
| | - Rakesh Heer
- Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Paul O’Gorman Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK; (P.S.); (C.R.)
- Department of Urology, Freeman Hospital, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne NE7 7DN, UK
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (R.H.)
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