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Vargas V, Saldarriaga S, Sánchez FS, Cuellar LN, Paladines GM. Effects of the spray-drying process using maltodextrin on bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity of the pulp of the tropical fruit açai ( Euterpe oleracea Mart.). Heliyon 2024; 10:e33544. [PMID: 39040403 PMCID: PMC11260920 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Aҫai fruit is characterized by the properties of its bioactive compounds; however, this fruit is highly perishable and its compounds are sensitive when exposed to non-optimal environmental factors. Therefore, the objective of this study was to encapsulate the fruit pulp by spray drying to improve the nutritional value and extend the shelf life of the products derived from acai fruit. Maltodextrin was used as a wall material and the process was optimized to obtain the desirable values of the response variables. For this, a central compound design (CCD) was developed to determine the influence of temperature (110-170 °C) and the wall material proportion (5-15 %) on dependent variables: the retention of ascorbic acid, moisture percentage, hygroscopicity, solubility, water activity, and yield. Furthermore, the effects of spray drying on bioactive compounds (AA, TPC, TFC, TA, TCC, GA, CT, and QC) and antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH, and ORAC) were evaluated. The maximum design temperature (170 °C) and wall material proportion (15 %) significantly influenced the response variables where encapsulation was applied, with high ascorbic acid retention (96.886 %), low moisture (0.303 %), low hygroscopicity (7.279 g/100 g), low level of water activity (0.255), a water solubility index of 23.206 %, and a high yield of 70.285 %. The bioactive compounds analyzed and the antioxidant capacity presented significant retention values for AA (96.86 %), TPC (65.13 %), TFC (82.09 %), TA (62.46 %), TCC (7.28 %), GA (35.02 %), CT (49.03 %), QC (37.57 %), ABTS (81.24 %), DPPH (75.11 %), and ORAC (15.68 %). Therefore, it is concluded that the powder obtained under these conditions has desirable physical properties, and the drying process preserved a notable retention of bioactive compounds and their antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Vargas
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales Amazónicos GIPRONAZ, Universidad de la Amazonia, Calle 17 Diagonal 17-Carrera 3F, Florencia, Colombia
| | - Sebastian Saldarriaga
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales Amazónicos GIPRONAZ, Universidad de la Amazonia, Calle 17 Diagonal 17-Carrera 3F, Florencia, Colombia
| | - Francis S. Sánchez
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales Amazónicos GIPRONAZ, Universidad de la Amazonia, Calle 17 Diagonal 17-Carrera 3F, Florencia, Colombia
| | - Liceth N. Cuellar
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales Amazónicos GIPRONAZ, Universidad de la Amazonia, Calle 17 Diagonal 17-Carrera 3F, Florencia, Colombia
| | - Gloria M. Paladines
- Grupo de Investigación en Productos Naturales Amazónicos GIPRONAZ, Universidad de la Amazonia, Calle 17 Diagonal 17-Carrera 3F, Florencia, Colombia
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Abbaszadeh F, Javadpour P, Mousavi Nasab MM, Jorjani M. The Role of Vitamins in Spinal Cord Injury: Mechanisms and Benefits. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2024; 2024:4293391. [PMID: 38938696 PMCID: PMC11211004 DOI: 10.1155/2024/4293391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 03/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a common neurological disease worldwide, often resulting in a substantial decrease in quality of life, disability, and in severe cases, even death. Unfortunately, there is currently no effective treatment for this disease. Nevertheless, current basic and clinical evidence suggests that vitamins, with their antioxidant properties and biological functions, may play a valuable role in improving the quality of life for individuals with SCI. They can promote overall health and facilitate the healing process. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms and therapeutic potential of vitamins in the treatment of SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Neurobiology Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Pegah Javadpour
- Neuroscience Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Masoumeh Jorjani
- Neurobiology Research CenterShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of PharmacologySchool of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Acharya P, Shrestha S, Joshi P, Choi NY, Lekkala VKR, Kang SY, Ni G, Lee MY. Dynamic culture of cerebral organoids using a pillar/perfusion plate for the assessment of developmental neurotoxicity. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.11.584506. [PMID: 38559002 PMCID: PMC10979904 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.11.584506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Despite the potential toxicity of commercial chemicals to the development of the nervous system (known as developmental neurotoxicity or DNT), conventional in vitro cell models have primarily been employed for the assessment of acute neuronal toxicity. On the other hand, animal models used for the assessment of DNT are not physiologically relevant due to the heterogenic difference between humans and animals. In addition, animal models are low-throughput, time-consuming, expensive, and ethically questionable. Recently, human brain organoids have emerged as a promising alternative to assess the detrimental effects of chemicals on the developing brain. However, conventional organoid culture systems have several technical limitations including low throughput, lack of reproducibility, insufficient maturity of organoids, and the formation of the necrotic core due to limited diffusion of nutrients and oxygen. To address these issues and establish predictive DNT models, cerebral organoids were differentiated in a dynamic condition in a unique pillar/perfusion plate, which were exposed to test compounds to evaluate DNT potential. The pillar/perfusion plate facilitated uniform, dynamic culture of cerebral organoids with improved proliferation and maturity by rapid, bidirectional flow generated on a digital rocker. Day 9 cerebral organoids in the pillar/perfusion plate were exposed to ascorbic acid (DNT negative) and methylmercury (DNT positive) in a dynamic condition for 1 and 3 weeks, and changes in organoid morphology and neural gene expression were measured to determine DNT potential. As expected, ascorbic acid didn't induce any changes in organoid morphology and neural gene expression. However, exposure of day 9 cerebral organoids to methylmercury resulted in significant changes in organoid morphology and neural gene expression. Interestingly, methylmercury did not induce adverse changes in cerebral organoids in a static condition, thus highlighting the importance of dynamic organoid culture in DNT assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabha Acharya
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
| | - Sunil Shrestha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
| | | | - Na Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
| | | | - Soo-Yeon Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
| | - Gabriel Ni
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
| | - Moo-Yeal Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas
- Bioprinting Laboratories Inc., Dallas, Texas
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Pathak B, Lange TE, Lampe K, Hollander E, Oria M, Murphy KP, Salomonis N, Sertorio M, Oria M. Development of a Single-Neurosphere Culture to Assess Radiation Toxicity and Pre-Clinical Cancer Combination Therapy Safety. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:4916. [PMID: 37894283 PMCID: PMC10605382 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15204916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT) is a crucial treatment modality for central nervous system (CNS) tumors but toxicity to healthy CNS tissues remains a challenge. Additionally, environmental exposure to radiation during nuclear catastrophes or space travel presents a risk of CNS toxicity. However, the underlying mechanisms of radiation-induced CNS toxicity are not fully understood. Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are highly radiosensitive, resulting in decreased neurogenesis in the hippocampus. This study aimed to characterize a novel platform utilizing rat NPCs cultured as 3D neurospheres (NSps) to screen the safety and efficacy of experimental drugs with and without radiation exposure. The effect of radiation on NSp growth and differentiation was assessed by measuring sphere volume and the expression of neuronal differentiation markers Nestin and GFAP and proliferation marker Ki67. Radiation exposure inhibited NSp growth, decreased proliferation, and increased GFAP expression, indicating astrocytic differentiation. RNA sequencing analysis supported these findings, showing upregulation of Notch, BMP2/4, S100b, and GFAP gene expression during astrogenesis. By recapitulating radiation-induced toxicity and astrocytic differentiation, this single-NSp culture system provides a high-throughput preclinical model for assessing the effects of various radiation modalities and evaluates the safety and efficacy of potential therapeutic interventions in combination with radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bedika Pathak
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (B.P.); (K.L.)
| | - Taylor E. Lange
- Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA;
- Division of Oncology, Cancer and Blood Diseases Institute, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Kristin Lampe
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (B.P.); (K.L.)
| | - Ella Hollander
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (B.P.); (K.L.)
| | - Marina Oria
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (B.P.); (K.L.)
| | - Kendall P. Murphy
- Center for Fetal and Placental Research, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA; (B.P.); (K.L.)
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Nathan Salomonis
- Division of Biomedical Informatics, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center (CCHMC), Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA;
- Departments of Pediatrics and Bioinformatics, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45221, USA
| | - Mathieu Sertorio
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
| | - Marc Oria
- University of Cincinnati Cancer Center, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA;
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA
- University of Cincinnati Brain Tumor Center, Cincinnati, OH 45219, USA
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Yi YY, Zhang SB, Chen H, Xu HW, Wang SJ. Ascorbic acid promotes nucleus pulposus cell regeneration by regulating proliferation during intervertebral disc degeneration. J Nutr Biochem 2022; 108:109099. [PMID: 35779794 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2022.109099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) affects human health. Ascorbic acid (AA) deficiency is a major factor that contributes to the development of degenerative disc disease in the elderly. Here, as a novel treatment with promising applications, we demonstrate that AA treatment inhibited senescence and maintained the proliferation of nucleus pulposus (NP) cells during long-term culture. AA-treated NP cells and acupuncture-treated rat models exhibited degenerative resistance during cell passaging and AA increased cell proliferation and decreased time-related senescence. Interestingly, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway mapping revealed five top enriched pathways and four pathways were associated with the aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) enzyme family, especially proliferation-related ALDH1A3. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that ALDH1A3 expression was increased by AA treatment, which counteracted degeneration in NP cells over time and rejuvenated maintenance of proliferation in NP cells, which has a promising therapeutic implications in IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yang Yi
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shu-Bao Zhang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hao-Wei Xu
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shan-Jin Wang
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Shanghai East Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Department of orthopedic, East Hospital, Ji'an Hospital, Jinggangshan University School of Medicine, Jiangxi, China.
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Martin CA, Radhakrishnan S, Ribelles JLG, Trentz O, Eak N, Reddy MS, Rela M, Subbaraya NK. Adipose tissue derived stromal cells in a gelatin based 3D matrix with exclusive ascorbic acid signalling emerged as a novel neural tissue engineering construct – An innovative prototype for soft tissue. Regen Biomater 2022; 9:rbac031. [PMID: 35702348 PMCID: PMC9188297 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbac031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The current study investigated a triad, which comprises of adipose tissue derived stem cells isolated from infrapatellar fat pad and gelatin/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-based matrix with exclusive ascorbic acid signalling. Though, the bio-mechanical properties of the gelatin–PVA blended scaffolds in wet condition are equivalent to the ECM of soft tissues in general, in this study, the triad was tested as a model for neural tissue engineering. Apart from being cytocompatible and biocompatible, the porosity of the scaffold has been designed in such a manner that it facilitates the cell signalling and enables the exchange of nutrients and gases. The highly proliferative stem cells from Passage 2 were characterized using both, mesenchymal and embryonic stem cell markers. As an initial exploration the mesenchymal stem cells at Passage 4 were exposed to ascorbic acid and basic fibroblast growth factor signalling for neuronal differentiation in 2D environment independently. The MSCs successfully differentiated and acquired neuron specific markers related to cytoskeleton and synapses. Subsequently, three phases of experiments have been conducted on the 3D gelatin/PVA matrix to prove their efficacy, the growth of stem cells, growth of differentiated neurons and the in situ growth and differentiation of MSCs. The scaffold was conducive and directed MSCs to neuronal lineage under specific signalling. Overall, this organotypic model triad could open a new avenue in the field of soft tissue engineering as a simple and effective tissue construct.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Ann Martin
- Crystal Growth Centre, Anna University, Chennai-600025, India
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, Chrompet, Chennai-600044, India
| | - Subathra Radhakrishnan
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, Chrompet, Chennai-600044, India
| | - Jose Luis Gómez Ribelles
- Center for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering (CBIT), Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera s/n., 46022, Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Centre in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Omana Trentz
- MIOT Institute of Research, MIOT Hospitals, Chennai-600089, India
| | - Nivethaa Eak
- Crystal Growth Centre, Anna University, Chennai-600025, India
| | - Mettu Srinivas Reddy
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, Chrompet, Chennai-600044, India
| | - Mohamed Rela
- Cell Laboratory, National Foundation for Liver Research, Chrompet, Chennai-600044, India
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Li W, Fan Z, Lin Y, Wang TY. Serum-Free Medium for Recombinant Protein Expression in Chinese Hamster Ovary Cells. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:646363. [PMID: 33791287 PMCID: PMC8006267 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.646363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
At present, nearly 70% of recombinant therapeutic proteins (RTPs) are produced by Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, and serum-free medium (SFM) is necessary for their culture to produce RTPs. In this review, the history and key components of SFM are first summarized, and its preparation and experimental design are described. Some small molecule compound additives can improve the yield and quality of RTP. The function and possible mechanisms of these additives are also reviewed here. Finally, the future perspectives of SFM use with CHO cells for RTP production are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhenlin Fan
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Yan Lin
- International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Tian-Yun Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China.,International Joint Research Laboratory for Recombinant Pharmaceutical Protein Expression System of Henan, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang, China
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