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Lee SS, Al Halawani A, Teo JD, Weiss AS, Yeo GC. The Matrix Protein Tropoelastin Prolongs Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Vitality and Delays Senescence During Replicative Aging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2402168. [PMID: 39120048 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024]
Abstract
Cellular senescence leads to the functional decline of regenerative cells such as mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs), which gives rise to chronic conditions and contributes to poor cell therapy outcomes. Aging tissues are associated with extracellular matrix (ECM) dysregulation, including loss of elastin. However, the role of the ECM in modulating senescence is underexplored. In this work, it is shown that tropoelastin, the soluble elastin precursor, is not only a marker of young MSCs but also actively preserves cell fitness and delays senescence during replicative aging. MSCs briefly exposed to tropoelastin exhibit upregulation of proliferative genes and concurrent downregulation of senescence genes. The seno-protective benefits of tropoelastin persist during continuous, long-term MSC culture, and significantly extend the MSC replicative lifespan. Tropoelastin-expanded MSCs further maintain youth-associated phenotype and function compared to age-matched controls, including preserved clonogenic potential, minimal senescence-associated beta-galactosidase activity, maintained cell sizes, reduced expression of senescence markers, suppressed secretion of senescence-associated factors, and increased production of youth-associated proteins. This work points to the utility of exogenously-supplemented tropoelastin for manufacturing MSCs that robustly maintain regenerative potential with age. It further reveals the active role of classical structural ECM proteins in driving cellular age-associated fitness, potentially leading to future interventions for aging-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunny Shinchen Lee
- School of Life & Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Aleen Al Halawani
- School of Life & Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Jonathan D Teo
- School of Medical Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Anthony S Weiss
- School of Life & Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
| | - Giselle C Yeo
- School of Life & Environmental Sciences and Charles Perkins Centre, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
- Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2006, Australia
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Arias C, Álvarez-Indo J, Cifuentes M, Morselli E, Kerr B, Burgos PV. Enhancing adipose tissue functionality in obesity: senotherapeutics, autophagy and cellular senescence as a target. Biol Res 2024; 57:51. [PMID: 39118171 PMCID: PMC11312694 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-024-00531-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 07/29/2024] [Indexed: 08/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity, a global health crisis, disrupts multiple systemic processes, contributing to a cascade of metabolic dysfunctions by promoting the pathological expansion of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). This expansion is characterized by impaired differentiation of pre-adipocytes and an increase in senescent cells, leading to a pro-inflammatory state and exacerbated oxidative stress. Particularly, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) and adipose tissue hypoxia further impair cellular function, promoting chronic disease development. This review delves into the potential of autophagy modulation and the therapeutic application of senolytics and senomorphics as novel strategies to mitigate adipose tissue senescence. By exploring the intricate mechanisms underlying adipocyte dysfunction and the emerging role of natural compounds in senescence modulation, we underscore the promising horizon of senotherapeutics in restoring adipose health. This approach not only offers a pathway to combat the metabolic complications of obesity, but also opens new avenues for enhancing life quality and managing the global burden of obesity-related conditions. Our analysis aims to bridge the gap between current scientific progress and clinical application, offering new perspectives on preventing and treating obesity-induced adipose dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Consuelo Arias
- Escuela de Kinesiología, Facultad de Odontología y Ciencias de la Rehabilitación, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, 7500922, Chile.
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Javiera Álvarez-Indo
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mariana Cifuentes
- Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile
| | - Eugenia Morselli
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Sciences, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bredford Kerr
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricia V Burgos
- Centro de Biología Celular y Biomedicina (CEBICEM), Facultad de Medicina y Ciencia, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
- Centro Basal Ciencia & Vida, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago, Chile.
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Xie W, Li F, Zhang Y, Li B, Chen P, Liu J, Luo Y, Wang H. Elderly Women Have a Higher Survival Rate of Grafted Donor Fat than Do Young Women Under the Influence of Low Estrogen Conditions. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2024; 48:2879-2886. [PMID: 38806829 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-024-04095-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fat grafting is widely used in breast reconstruction and aesthetic plastic surgery. However, the success rate and effects of fat grafting, especially in elderly female donors, are observed. This study aimed to explore the difference in the survival rate of donor fat from elderly women and young women in fat grafting. METHODS We collected adipose tissue samples from two healthy Chinese women: a young woman and an elderly woman. In addition, adipose tissue samples were collected from female nude mice in four experimental groups-CON-Y, CON-O, OVX-Y, and OVX-O-after fat transplantation. Grafts were harvested, weighed, and subjected to assessment of histology and angiogenesis. RESULTS An ovariectomy model was successfully established to validate the effect of low estrogen levels on fat grafting results. Due to the influence of low estrogen levels, the graft survival rate of donor site fat was significantly higher in elderly women than in young women, accompanied by a lesser degree of angiogenesis. Low estrogen levels led to adipocyte hypertrophy, which may be related to decreased AQP-7 expression. CONCLUSIONS AQP-7 downregulation due to low estrogen levels induces adipocyte hypertrophy, and donor fat from elderly women exhibits a higher survival rate after fat transplantation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Xie
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Middle Xin Gang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Fangwei Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Middle Xin Gang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yaan Zhang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Middle Xin Gang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Bingqing Li
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Middle Xin Gang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peiqi Chen
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Middle Xin Gang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiaxing Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Middle Xin Gang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Yingxia Luo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Middle Xin Gang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Guangdong Second Provincial General Hospital, 466 Middle Xin Gang Road, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
- The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China.
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Sun W, Lv J, Guo S, Lv M. Cellular microenvironment: a key for tuning mesenchymal stem cell senescence. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1323678. [PMID: 38111850 PMCID: PMC10725964 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1323678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) possess the ability to self-renew and differentiate into multiple cell types, making them highly suitable for use as seed cells in tissue engineering. These can be derived from various sources and have been found to play crucial roles in several physiological processes, such as tissue repair, immune regulation, and intercellular communication. However, the limited capacity for cell proliferation and the secretion of senescence-associated secreted phenotypes (SASPs) pose challenges for the clinical application of MSCs. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the senescence characteristics of MSCs and examine the different features of cellular microenvironments studied thus far. Additionally, we discuss the mechanisms by which cellular microenvironments regulate the senescence process of MSCs, offering insights into preserving their functionality and enhancing their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shu Guo
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Mengzhu Lv
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Siraj Y, Galderisi U, Alessio N. Senescence induces fundamental changes in the secretome of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs): implications for the therapeutic use of MSCs and their derivates. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1148761. [PMID: 37229499 PMCID: PMC10203235 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1148761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a heterogeneous population containing multipotent adult stem cells with a multi-lineage differentiation capacity, which differentiated into mesodermal derivatives. MSCs are employed for therapeutic purposes and several investigations have demonstrated that the positive effects of MSC transplants are due to the capacity of MSCs to modulate tissue homeostasis and repair via the activity of their secretome. Indeed, the MSC-derived secretomes are now an alternative strategy to cell transplantation due to their anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and regenerative effects. The cellular senescence is a dynamic process that leads to permanent cell cycle arrest, loss of healthy cells' physiological functions and acquiring new activities, which are mainly accrued through the release of many factors, indicated as senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The senescence occurring in stem cells, such as those present in MSCs, may have detrimental effects on health since it can undermine tissue homeostasis and repair. The analysis of MSC secretome is important either for the MSC transplants and for the therapeutic use of secretome. Indeed, the secretome of MSCs, which is the main mechanism of their therapeutic activity, loses its beneficial functions and acquire negative pro-inflammatory and pro-aging activities when MSCs become senescent. When MSCs or their derivatives are planned to be used for therapeutic purposes, great attention must be paid to these changes. In this review, we analyzed changes occurring in MSC secretome following the switch from healthy to senescence status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesuf Siraj
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Health Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
| | - Umberto Galderisi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye
- Center for Biotechnology, Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nicola Alessio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania, Naples, Italy
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