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Hu L, Chen W, Qian A, Li YP. Wnt/β-catenin signaling components and mechanisms in bone formation, homeostasis, and disease. Bone Res 2024; 12:39. [PMID: 38987555 PMCID: PMC11237130 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-024-00342-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Wnts are secreted, lipid-modified proteins that bind to different receptors on the cell surface to activate canonical or non-canonical Wnt signaling pathways, which control various biological processes throughout embryonic development and adult life. Aberrant Wnt signaling pathway underlies a wide range of human disease pathogeneses. In this review, we provide an update of Wnt/β-catenin signaling components and mechanisms in bone formation, homeostasis, and diseases. The Wnt proteins, receptors, activators, inhibitors, and the crosstalk of Wnt signaling pathways with other signaling pathways are summarized and discussed. We mainly review Wnt signaling functions in bone formation, homeostasis, and related diseases, and summarize mouse models carrying genetic modifications of Wnt signaling components. Moreover, the therapeutic strategies for treating bone diseases by targeting Wnt signaling, including the extracellular molecules, cytosol components, and nuclear components of Wnt signaling are reviewed. In summary, this paper reviews our current understanding of the mechanisms by which Wnt signaling regulates bone formation, homeostasis, and the efforts targeting Wnt signaling for treating bone diseases. Finally, the paper evaluates the important questions in Wnt signaling to be further explored based on the progress of new biological analytical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifang Hu
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Airong Qian
- Laboratory for Bone Metabolism, Xi'an Key Laboratory of Special Medicine and Health Engineering, Key Laboratory for Space Biosciences and Biotechnology, Research Center for Special Medicine and Health Systems Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710072, China.
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Division in Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tulane University School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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2
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Sentek H, Braun A, Budeus B, Klein D. Non-small cell lung cancer cells and concomitant cancer therapy induce a resistance-promoting phenotype of tumor-associated mesenchymal stem cells. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1406268. [PMID: 39011489 PMCID: PMC11246879 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1406268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction The tumor microenvironment gained attraction over the last decades as stromal cells significantly impact on tumor development, progression and metastasis, and immune evasion as well as on cancer therapy resistance. We previously reported that lung-resident mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were mobilized and activated in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) progression and could even mediate radiation resistance in co-cultured NSCLC cells. Methods We investigated how MSCs were affected by NSCLC cells in combination with cancer (radiation) therapy in indirect co-cultures using tumor-conditioned medium and Transwells or direct three-dimensional NSCLC-MSC spheroid co-cultures in order to unravel the resistance-mediating action of tumor-associated MSCs. Results Although no obvious phenotypic and functional alterations in MSCs following NSCLC co-culture could be observed, MSC senescence was induced following co-applied radiotherapy (RT). Global gene expression profiling, in combination with gene set enrichment analysis upon treatment, was used to confirm the senescent phenotype of irradiated MSC and to reveal relevant senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors that could meditate NSCLC RT resistance. We identified senescent tumor-associated MSC-derived serine proteinase inhibitor (serpin) E1/PAI1 as potential SASP factor mediating NSCLC progression and RT resistance. Discussion Specified intra-tumor-stroma interactions and cell type-specific pro-tumorigenic functions could not only improve lung cancer classification but could even be used for a more precise profiling of individual patients, finally paving an additional way for the discovery of potential drug targets for NSCLC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Diana Klein
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University of Duisburg-Essen, University Hospital, Essen, Germany
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3
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Singh P, Singh M, Singh B, Sharma K, Kumar N, Singh D, Klair HS, Mastana S. Implications of siRNA Therapy in Bone Health: Silencing Communicates. Biomedicines 2024; 12:90. [PMID: 38255196 PMCID: PMC10813040 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The global statistics of bone disorders, skeletal defects, and fractures are frightening. Several therapeutic strategies are being used to fix them; however, RNAi-based siRNA therapy is starting to prove to be a promising approach for the prevention of bone disorders because of its advanced capabilities to deliver siRNA or siRNA drug conjugate to the target tissue. Despite its 'bench-to-bedside' usefulness and approval by food and drug administration for five siRNA-based therapeutic medicines: Patisiran, Vutrisiran, Inclisiran, Lumasiran, and Givosiran, its use for the other diseases still remains to be resolved. By correcting the complications and complexities involved in siRNA delivery for its sustained release, better absorption, and toxicity-free activity, siRNA therapy can be harnessed as an experimental tool for the prevention of complex and undruggable diseases with a personalized medicine approach. The present review summarizes the findings of notable research to address the implications of siRNA in bone health for the restoration of bone mass, recovery of bone loss, and recuperation of bone fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puneetpal Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India; (M.S.); (B.S.); (K.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Monica Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India; (M.S.); (B.S.); (K.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Baani Singh
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India; (M.S.); (B.S.); (K.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Kirti Sharma
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India; (M.S.); (B.S.); (K.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Nitin Kumar
- Department of Human Genetics, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India; (M.S.); (B.S.); (K.S.); (N.K.)
| | - Deepinder Singh
- Vardhman Mahavir Health Care, Urban Estate, Ph-II, Patiala 147002, Punjab, India
| | | | - Sarabjit Mastana
- Human Genomics Laboratory, School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, UK
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Budeus B, Unger K, Hess J, Sentek H, Klein D. Comparative computational analysis to distinguish mesenchymal stem cells from fibroblasts. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1270493. [PMID: 37822926 PMCID: PMC10562561 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1270493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered to be the most promising stem cell type for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. Based on their potential to home to diseased body sites following a therapeutically application, these cells could (i) differentiate then into organ-specific cell types to locally restore injured cells or, most prominently, (ii) foster tissue regeneration including immune modulations more indirectly by secretion of protective growth factors and cytokines. As tissue-resident stem cells of mesenchymal origin, these cells are morphologically and even molecularly- at least concerning the classical marker genes- indistinguishable from similar lineage cells, particularly fibroblasts. Methods Here we used microarray-based gene expression and global DNA methylation analyses as well as accompanying computational tools in order to specify differences between MSCs and fibroblasts, to further unravel potential identity genes and to highlight MSC signaling pathways with regard to their trophic and immunosuppressive action. Results We identified 1352 differentially expressed genes, of which in the MSCs there is a strong signature for e.g., KRAS signaling, known to play essential role in stemness maintenance, regulation of coagulation and complement being decisive for resolving inflammatory processes, as well as of wound healing particularly important for their regenerative capacity. Genes upregulated in fibroblasts addressed predominately transcription and biosynthetic processes and mapped morphological features of the tissue. Concerning the cellular identity, we specified the already known HOX code for MSCs, established a potential HOX code for fibroblasts, and linked certain HOX genes to functional cell-type-specific properties. Accompanied methylation profiles revealed numerous regions, especially in HOX genes, being differentially methylated, which might provide additional biomarker potential. Discussion Conclusively, transcriptomic together with epigenetic signatures can be successfully be used for the definition (cellular identity) of MSCs versus fibroblasts as well as for the determination of the superior functional properties of MSCs, such as their immunomodulatory potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bettina Budeus
- Institute for Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Kristian Unger
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Julia Hess
- Research Unit Radiation Cytogenetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
- Clinical Cooperation Group Personalized Radiotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health GmbH, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Hanna Sentek
- Institute for Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Diana Klein
- Institute for Cell Biology (Cancer Research), University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Gao X, Wang J, Wang Y, Li W, Pan Z. The m 6A Reader YTHDF1 Accelerates the Osteogenesis of Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Partly via Activation of the Autophagy Signaling Pathway. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:5563568. [PMID: 37533592 PMCID: PMC10393526 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5563568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
N6-methyladenosine (m6A) mRNA methylation has emerged as an important player in many biological processes by regulating gene expression. As a crucial reader, YTHDF1 usually improves the translation efficiency of its target mRNAs. However, its roles in bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) osteogenesis remain largely unknown. Here, we reported that YTHDF1, an m6A reader, is highly expressed during osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs. Upregulation of YTHDF1 increased osteogenic differentiation and proliferation capacity of BMSCs. Accordingly, downregulation of YTHDF1 inhibited osteogenic differentiation and proliferation capacity. Possible underlying mechanisms were explored, and analysis revealed that YTHDF1 could affect autophagy levels, thus regulating osteogenesis of BMSCs. In an in vivo study, we found that upregulation of YTHDF1 accelerates fracture healing with elevated bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness. Taken together, our study revealed that m6A reader YTHDF1 accelerates osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs partly via the autophagy signaling pathway. These findings reveal a previously unrecognized mechanism involved in the regulation of BMSCs osteogenesis, providing new ideas and target sites for the treatment of fracture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Gao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Weixu Li
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhijun Pan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Zhu Y, Jia G, Yang Y, Weng J, Liu S, Zhang M, Zhang G, Qin H, Chen Y, Yang Q, Yuan G, Yu F, Zeng H. Biomimetic Porous Magnesium Alloy Scaffolds Promote the Repair of Osteoporotic Bone Defects in Rats through Activating the Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37200162 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
In this study, biomimetic porous magnesium alloy scaffolds were prepared to repair femoral bone defects in ovariectomized osteoporotic rats. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of biomimetic porous magnesium alloy scaffolds on repairing osteoporotic bone defects and possible mechanisms. The animal model of osteoporosis was established in female SD rats. Three months later, a bone defect of 3 mm in diameter and 3 mm in depth was created in the lateral condyle of the right femur. The rats were then randomly divided into two groups: an experimental group and a control group. Four weeks after surgery, gross specimens were observed and micro-CT scans were performed. The repair of osteoporotic femoral defects in rats was studied histologically using HE staining, Masson staining, and Goldner staining. The expression of Wnt5a, β-catenin, and BMP-2 was measured between groups by immunohistochemical staining. The bone defect was repaired better after the application of biomimetic porous magnesium alloy scaffolds. Immunohistochemical results showed significantly higher expression of Wnt5a, β-catenin, and BMP-2. To conclude, the biomimetic porous magnesium alloy scaffolds proposed in this paper might promote the repair of osteoporotic femoral bone defects in rats possibly through activating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanchao Zhu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Gaozhi Jia
- School of Intelligent Manufacturing and Equipment, Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology, Shenzhen 518172, China
| | - Yifei Yang
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Jian Weng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Su Liu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Mengwei Zhang
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Geng Zhang
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563000, China
| | - Haotian Qin
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Yixiao Chen
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Qi Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Guangyin Yuan
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fei Yu
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Department of Bone & Joint Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
- National & Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Orthopaedic Biomaterials, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China
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Lin J, Ge J, Gong J, Hong H, Jiang C. Application of Digital Orthopedic Technology in Orthopedic Trauma. COMPUTATIONAL AND MATHEMATICAL METHODS IN MEDICINE 2022; 2022:3157107. [PMID: 36017146 PMCID: PMC9398835 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3157107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
In order to solve the limitation of auxiliary treatment means in the process of orthopedic trauma surgery, and further improve the effective integration of orthopedic trauma clinical surgery and computer technology, a new orthopedic trauma auxiliary treatment means based on digital orthopedic technology was proposed with the aid of virtual digital technology. The method builds a 3D model of fracture fragments through 3D orthopedic modeling and obtains a high-quality 3D model through processing. Later clinical tests verify the feasibility of this auxiliary treatment method. The test results show that the precision of the 3D reconstruction model based on custom option fitting is higher than that based on optimal option fitting, and the precision difference is within 0.2%. This result also indicates that the 3D model obtained by 3D reconstruction has higher accuracy. The results show that three-dimensional finite element modeling technology can accurately simulate the stress of the spine of orthopedic patients and can reduce the incidence of complications through preoperative diagnosis, curative effect prediction, and trauma surgery, which has a good aid for postoperative recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangtao Lin
- The First Ward of Trauma Orthopedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Junbo Ge
- The First Ward of Trauma Orthopedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Jinpeng Gong
- The First Ward of Trauma Orthopedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Huanyu Hong
- The First Ward of Trauma Orthopedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Chuanqiang Jiang
- The First Ward of Trauma Orthopedics, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai 264003, China
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Zhang M, Gao Y, Li Q, Cao H, Yang J, Cai X, Xiao J. Downregulation of DNA methyltransferase-3a ameliorates the osteogenic differentiation ability of adipose-derived stem cells in diabetic osteoporosis via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:397. [PMID: 35927735 PMCID: PMC9351106 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03088-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Diabetes-related osteoporosis (DOP) is a chronic disease caused by the high glucose environment that induces a metabolic disorder of osteocytes and osteoblast-associated mesenchymal stem cells. The processes of bone defect repair and regeneration become extremely difficult with DOP. Adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs), as seed cells in bone tissue engineering technology, provide a promising therapeutic approach for bone regeneration in DOP patients. The osteogenic ability of ASCs is lower in a DOP model than that of control ASCs. DNA methylation, as a mechanism of epigenetic regulation, may be involved in DNA methylation of various genes, thereby participating in biological behaviors of various cells. Emerging evidence suggests that increased DNA methylation levels are associated with activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of the diabetic environment on the osteogenic potential of ASCs, to explore the role of DNA methylation on osteogenic differentiation of DOP-ASCs via Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, and to improve the osteogenic differentiation ability of ASCs with DOP. Methods DOP-ASCs and control ASCs were isolated from DOP C57BL/6 and control mice, respectively. The multipotency of DOP-ASCs was confirmed by Alizarin Red-S, Oil Red-O, and Alcian blue staining. Real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), immunofluorescence, and western blotting were used to analyze changes in markers of osteogenic differentiation, DNA methylation, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Alizarin Red-S staining was also used to confirm changes in the osteogenic ability. DNMT small interfering RNA (siRNA), shRNA-Dnmt3a, and LVRNA-Dnmt3a were used to assess the role of Dnmt3a in osteogenic differentiation of control ASCs and DOP-ASCs. Micro-computed tomography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and Masson staining were used to analyze changes in the osteogenic capability while downregulating Dnmt3a with lentivirus in DOP mice in vivo. Results The proliferative ability of DOP-ASCs was lower than that of control ASCs. DOP-ASCs showed a decrease in osteogenic differentiation capacity, lower Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway activity, and a higher level of Dnmt3a than control ASCs. When Dnmt3a was downregulated by siRNA and shRNA, osteogenic-related factors Runt-related transcription factor 2 and osteopontin, and activity of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway were increased, which rescued the poor osteogenic potential of DOP-ASCs. When Dnmt3a was upregulated by LVRNA-Dnmt3a, the osteogenic ability was inhibited. The same results were obtained in vivo. Conclusions Dnmt3a silencing rescues the negative effects of DOP on ASCs and provides a possible approach for bone tissue regeneration in patients with diabetic osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maorui Zhang
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.,State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yujin Gao
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Qing Li
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Huayue Cao
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Jianghua Yang
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
| | - Jingang Xiao
- Department of Oral Implantology, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China. .,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China. .,Luzhou Key Laboratory of Oral & Maxillofacial Reconstruction and Regeneration, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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Zhang Q, Zhang J, Wang P, Zhu G, Jin G, Liu F. Glioma-associated mesenchymal stem cells-mediated PD-L1 expression is attenuated by Ad5-Ki67/IL-15 in GBM treatment. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:284. [PMID: 35765095 PMCID: PMC9241198 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02968-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly immunosuppressive and vascular malignant brain tumor. Current therapeutic strategies targeting tumor cells have limited efficacy because of the immunosuppressive microenvironment and vascularization. Glioma-associated mesenchymal stem cells (GA-MSCs) have been identified as important stromal components of the tumor microenvironment, owing to their contribution to tumor angiogenesis and their potential to drive glioma stem cells. However, there are no reports on the effect of oncolytic Ad5-Ki67/IL-15 on programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) expression and angiogenesis induced by GA-MSCs. Methods Flow cytometry was respectively performed to detect the PD-L1 of glioma cells and programmed death protein 1 (PD-1), CD3, CD4 and CD8 in lymphocytes, as well as distribution of the cell cycle. CCK-8 assay investigated the proliferation of glioma cells and GA-MSCs in vitro. Tumor-bearing nude mice were established with U87-Luc cells and treated with the viruses, and further the IVIS spectrum was utilized to obtain luciferase images. Finally, the expression of PD-L1 in tumor tissues was also investigated using western blotting. Results We found that GA-MSCs had potential to induce PD-L1 upregulation and involved in vascular mimicry in vitro. Importantly, Ad5-Ki67/IL-15 reduced PD-L1 expression of glioma cells and neovascularization by targeting GA-MSCs. Furthermore, despite the presence of GA-MSCs, the virus has the ability to generate potent antitumor efficacy in vitro and vivo. Conclusions These findings suggest the use of oncolytic Ad5-Ki67/IL-15 targeting GA-MSCs to treat GBM, indicating potential clinical applications. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02968-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Zhang
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Junwen Zhang
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Peiwen Wang
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guidong Zhu
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Guishan Jin
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.,Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China
| | - Fusheng Liu
- Brain Tumor Research Center, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China. .,Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, Beijing, 100070, People's Republic of China.
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10
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Embedded Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Spheroids Enhance Cementogenic Differentiation via Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042340. [PMID: 35216454 PMCID: PMC8878532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Spheroids reproduce the tissue structure that is found in vivo more accurately than classic two-dimensional (2D) monolayer cultures. We cultured human periodontal ligament stem cells (HPLSCs) as spheroids that were embedded in collagen gel to examine whether their cementogenic differentiation could be enhanced by treatment with recombinant human plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (rhPAI-1). The upregulated expression of cementum protein 1 (CEMP1) and cementum attachment protein (CAP), established cementoblast markers, was observed in the 2D monolayer HPLSCs that were treated with rhPAI-1 for 3 weeks compared with that in the control and osteogenic-induction medium groups. In the embedded HPLSC spheroids, rhPAI-1 treatment induced interplay between the spheroids and collagenous extracellular matrix (ECM), indicating that disaggregated HPLSCs migrated and spread into the surrounding ECM 72 h after three-dimensional (3D) culture. Western blot and immunocytochemistry analyses showed that the CEMP1 expression levels were significantly upregulated in the rhPAI-1-treated embedded HPLSC spheroids compared with all the 2D monolayer HPLSCs groups and the 3D spheroid groups. Therefore, 3D collagen-embedded spheroid culture in combination with rhPAI-1 treatment may be useful for facilitating cementogenic differentiation of HPLSCs.
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Guan X, He Y, Li Y, Shi C, Wei Z, Zhao R, Han Y, Pan L, Yang J, Hou TZ. Gremlin aggravates periodontitis via activating the NF-κB signaling pathway. J Periodontol 2022; 93:1589-1602. [PMID: 34993960 DOI: 10.1002/jper.21-0474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gremlin has been reported to regulate inflammation and osteogenesis. Periodontitis is a destructive disease degenerating periodontal tissues, therefore leads to alveolar bone resorption and tooth loss. Based on the importance of Gremlin's bio-activity, the aim of this study is to, in vivo and in vitro, unveil the function of Gremlin in regulating the development of periodontitis and its consequent effects on alveolar bone loss. METHODS Clinical specimens were used to determine the expression of Gremlin in periodontal tissues by immunohistochemical staining and western blot. Then utilizing the rat periodontitis model to investigate the function of gremlin-regulated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) pathway during the development of periodontal inflammation and the alveolar bone loss. Lastly, the regulation of the osteogenesis of human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) by Gremlin under inflamed condition was analyzed by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alizarin red staining (ARS). RESULTS We found clinically and experimentally that the expression of Gremlin is markedly increased in periodontitis tissues. Interestingly, we revealed that Gremlin regulated the progress of periodontitis via regulating the activities of NF-κB pathway and interleukin-1β (IL-1β). Notably, we observed that Gremlin influenced the osteogenesis of hPDLSCs. Thus, our present study identified Gremlin as a new key regulator for development of periodontitis. CONCLUSIONS Our current study illustrated that Gremlin acts as a crucial mediator and possibly serves as a potential diagnostic marker for periodontitis. Discovery of new factors involved in the pathophysiology of periodontitis could contribute to the development of novel therapeutic treatment for the disease. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Guan
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yani He
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yingxue Li
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Chen Shi
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhichen Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Rui Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Yue Han
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Lifei Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
| | - Jianmin Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tie Zhou Hou
- The Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatological Hospital, College of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, P. R. China
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