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Fan LL, Fang H, Zheng JY, Qiu YH, Wu GL, Cai YF, Chen YB, Zhang SJ. Taohong Siwu decoction alleviates cognitive impairment by suppressing endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis signaling pathway in vascular dementia rats. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 333:118407. [PMID: 38824979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Taohong Siwu Decoction (TSD), a classic traditional Chinese medicine formula, is used for the treatment of vascular diseases, including vascular dementia (VD). However, the mechanisms remain unclear. AIM OF STUDY This study aimed to investigate whether TSD has a positive effect on cognitive impairment in VD rats and to confirm that the mechanism of action is related to the Endoplasmic Reticulum stress (ERs) and cell apoptosis signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 40 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups: sham-operated group (Sham), the two-vessel occlusion group (2VO), the 2VO treated with 4.5 g/kg/d TSD group (2VO + TSD-L), the 2VO treated with 13.5 g/kg/d TSD group (2VO + TSD-H). The rats underwent either 2VO surgery or sham surgery. Postoperative TSD treatment was given for 4 consecutive weeks. Behavioral tests were initiated at the end of gastrulation. Open-field test (OFT) was used to detect the activity level. The New Object Recognition test (NOR) was used to test long-term memory. The Morris water maze (MWM) test was used to examine the foundation of spatial learning and memory. As a final step, the hippocampus was taken for molecular testing. The protein levels of GRP78 (Bip), p-PERK, PERK, IRE1α, p-IRE1α, ATF6, eIF2α, p-eIF2α, ATF4, XBP1, Bcl-2 and Bax were determined by Western blot. Immunofluorescence visualizes molecular expression. RESULTS In the OFT, residence time in the central area was significantly longer in both TSD treatment groups compared to the 2VO group. In the NOR, the recognition index was obviously elevated in both TSD treatment groups. The 2VO group had a significantly longer escape latency and fewer times in crossing the location of the platform compared with the Sham group in MWM. TSD treatment reversed this notion. Pathologically, staining observations confirmed that TSD inhibited hippocampal neuronal loss and alleviated the abnormal reduction of the Nissl body. In parallel, TUNEL staining illustrated that TSD decelerated neuronal apoptosis. Western Blot demonstrated that TSD reduces the expression of ERs and apoptotic proteins. CONCLUSION In this study, the significant ameliorative effect on cognitive impairment of TSD has been determined by comparing the behavioral data of the 4 groups of rats. Furthermore, it was confirmed that this effect of TSD was achieved by suppressing the ERs-mediated apoptosis signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM Guangzhou, 510000, China; Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Hao Fang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jia-Yi Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Hui Qiu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang-Liang Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Ye-Feng Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Yun-Bo Chen
- Science and Technology Innovation Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
| | - Shi-Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Department of Neurology, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Research on Emergency in TCM Guangzhou, 510000, China.
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Salinero AE, Venkataganesh H, Abi-Ghanem C, Riccio D, Kelly RD, Gannon OJ, Sura A, Brooks HL, Zuloaga DG, Zuloaga KL. Effects of high fat diet on metabolic health vary by age of menopause onset. Int J Obes (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41366-024-01618-z. [PMID: 39152337 DOI: 10.1038/s41366-024-01618-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 08/05/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Menopause accelerates metabolic dysfunction, including (pre-)diabetes, obesity and visceral adiposity. However, the effects of endocrine vs. chronological aging in this progression are poorly understood. We hypothesized that menopause, especially in the context of middle-age, would exacerbate the metabolic effects of a high fat diet. Using young-adult and middle-aged C57BL/6J female mice, we modeled diet-induced obesity via chronic administration of high fat (HF) diet vs. control diet. We modeled peri-menopause/menopause via injections of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide, which accelerates ovarian failure vs. vehicle. We performed glucose tolerance tests 2.5 and 7 months after diet onset, during the peri-menopausal and menopausal phases, respectively. Peri-menopause increased the severity of glucose intolerance and weight gain in middle-aged, HF-fed mice. Menopause increased weight gain in all mice regardless of age and diet, while chronological aging drove changes in adipose tissue distribution towards more visceral vs. subcutaneous adiposity. These data are in line with clinical data showing that post-menopausal women are more susceptible to metabolic dysfunction and suggest that greater chronological age exacerbates the effects of endocrine aging (menopause). This work highlights the importance of considering both chronological and endocrine aging in studies of metabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E Salinero
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Harini Venkataganesh
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Charly Abi-Ghanem
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - David Riccio
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Richard D Kelly
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Olivia J Gannon
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Avi Sura
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Heddwen L Brooks
- Department of Physiology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Damian G Zuloaga
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience Research, State University of New York at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave, Biology 325, Albany, NY, 12222, USA
| | - Kristen L Zuloaga
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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Salinero AE, Abi-Ghanem C, Venkataganesh H, Sura A, Smith RM, Thrasher CA, Kelly RD, Hatcher KM, NyBlom V, Shamlian V, Kyaw NR, Belanger KM, Gannon OJ, Stephens SBZ, Zuloaga DG, Zuloaga KL. Treatment with brain specific estrogen prodrug ameliorates cognitive effects of surgical menopause in mice. Horm Behav 2024; 164:105594. [PMID: 38917776 PMCID: PMC11330726 DOI: 10.1016/j.yhbeh.2024.105594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Menopause is an endocrine shift leading to increased vulnerability for cognitive impairment and dementia risk factors, in part due to loss of neuroprotective circulating estrogens. Systemic replacement of estrogen post-menopause has limitations, including risk for estrogen-sensitive cancers. A promising therapeutic approach therefore might be to deliver estrogen only to the brain. We examined whether we could enhance cognitive performance by delivering estrogen exclusively to the brain in ovariectomized mice (a surgical menopause model). We treated mice with the prodrug 10β,17β-dihydroxyestra-1,4-dien-3-one (DHED), which can be administered systemically but is converted to 17β-estradiol only in the brain. Young and middle-aged C57BL/6 J mice received ovariectomy and subcutaneous implant containing vehicle or DHED and underwent cognitive testing to assess memory after 1-3.5 months of treatment. Low and medium doses of DHED did not alter metabolic status in middle-aged mice. In both age groups, DHED treatment improved spatial memory in ovariectomized mice. Additional testing in middle-aged mice showed that DHED treatment improved working and recognition memory in ovariectomized mice. These results lay the foundation for future studies determining if this intervention is as efficacious in models of dementia with comorbid risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E Salinero
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Charly Abi-Ghanem
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Harini Venkataganesh
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Avi Sura
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Rachel M Smith
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Christina A Thrasher
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Richard D Kelly
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Katherine M Hatcher
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Vanessa NyBlom
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA; Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience Research, State University of New York at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave, Biology 325, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Victoria Shamlian
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Nyi-Rein Kyaw
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Kasey M Belanger
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Olivia J Gannon
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Shannon B Z Stephens
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Damian G Zuloaga
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience Research, State University of New York at Albany, 1400 Washington Ave, Biology 325, Albany, NY 12222, USA
| | - Kristen L Zuloaga
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY 12208, USA.
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Li S, Tan I, Atkins E, Schutte AE, Gnanenthiran SR. The Pathophysiology, Prognosis and Treatment of Hypertension in Females from Pregnancy to Post-menopause: A Review. Curr Heart Fail Rep 2024; 21:322-336. [PMID: 38861130 PMCID: PMC11333539 DOI: 10.1007/s11897-024-00672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW We summarise the physiological changes and risk factors for hypertension in females, potential sex-specific management approaches, and long-term prognosis. KEY FINDINGS Pregnancy and menopause are two key phases of the life cycle where females undergo significant biological and physical changes, making them more prone to developing hypertension. Gestational hypertension occurs from changes in maternal cardiac output, kidney function, metabolism, or placental vasculature, with one in ten experiencing pregnancy complications such as intrauterine growth restriction and delivery complications such as premature birth. Post-menopausal hypertension occurs as the protective effects of oestrogen are reduced and the sympathetic nervous system becomes over-activated with ageing. Increasing evidence suggests that post-menopausal females with high blood pressure (BP) experience greater risk of cardiovascular events at lower BP thresholds, and greater vulnerability to treatment-related adverse effects. Hypertension is a key risk factor for cardiovascular disease in females. Current BP treatment guidelines and recommendations are similar for both sexes, without addressing sex-specific factors. Future investigations into ideal diagnostic thresholds, BP control targets and treatment regimens in females are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simeng Li
- School of Medicine, The University of Notre Dame Australia, Sydney, NSW, 2010, Australia
| | - Isabella Tan
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of NSW, Barangaroo, NSW, 2000, Australia
| | - Emily Atkins
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of NSW, Barangaroo, NSW, 2000, Australia
| | - Aletta E Schutte
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of NSW, Barangaroo, NSW, 2000, Australia
| | - Sonali R Gnanenthiran
- The George Institute for Global Health, University of NSW, Barangaroo, NSW, 2000, Australia.
- Department of Cardiology, Concord Repatriation Hospital, Concord, NSW, 2139, Australia.
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Zhou Y, Lin J, Li C, Zheng Y, Meng Z, Teng Y, Tao M. A fNIRS investigation of menopausal-related symptoms and brain cortical activity in menopause. J Affect Disord 2024; 353:101-108. [PMID: 37979627 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to delineate the association between menopausal-related symptoms and brain cortical hemodynamics in peri-postmenopause women. METHODS Cross-sectional data from a total of 358 Han-Chinese women who visited the Menopause Clinic in the Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital from August 2019 to August 2022. Menopausal-related symptoms were analyzed through Kupperman index (KMI) scale and PSQI scale, while cerebral blood flow was measured using a functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS). Multiple linear regression model was used to assess the risk factors for subregions of brain hemodynamic response. RESULTS After adjusting for confounding factors, we identified that menopausal symptom (B = -1.575, 95 % CI (-2.661, -0.488), p = 0.005) and duration of menopause (B = -14.583, 95 % CI (-26.753, -4.192), p = 0.007) were independently associated with the lower brain hemodynamic response in the prefrontal lobe, while in the temporal lobe, overweight (BMI ≥ 24 kg/m2) was negatively associated with the lower brain cortical activity (B = -36.882, 95 % CI (-72.708, -1.056), p = 0.044) after adjusting for other confounding variables. CONCLUSIONS Our findings proposed that menopausal symptom and overweight should be attached great importance to the postmenopausal women, which provides clinical evidence for the feasible early detection and effective prevention such as menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) of brain health in postmenopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiawen Lin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200126, People's Republic of China
| | - Changbin Li
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanyi Zheng
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheying Meng
- Department of Ultrasonography, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China
| | - Yincheng Teng
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China.
| | - Minfang Tao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai 200233, People's Republic of China.
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Wood Alexander M, Wu CY, Coughlan GT, Puri T, Buckley RF, Palta P, Swardfager W, Masellis M, Galea LAM, Einstein G, Black SE, Rabin JS. Associations Between Age at Menopause, Vascular Risk, and 3-Year Cognitive Change in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Neurology 2024; 102:e209298. [PMID: 38569140 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000209298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Mounting evidence supports sex differences in Alzheimer disease (AD) risk. Vascular and hormonal factors may together contribute to AD risk in female adults. We investigated whether age at menopause, vascular risk, and history of hormone therapy (HT) containing estrogens together influence cognition over a 3-year follow-up period. We hypothesized that earlier menopause and elevated vascular risk would have a synergistic association with lower cognitive scores at follow-up and that HT containing estrogens would attenuate this synergistic association to preserve cognition. METHODS We used data from postmenopausal female participants and age-matched male participants in the Canadian Longitudinal Study on Aging. Vascular risk was calculated using a summary score of elevated blood pressure, antihypertensive medications, elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, diabetes, smoking, and obesity. Cognition was measured with a global cognitive composite at baseline and 3-year follow-up. Linear models tested independent and interactive associations of age at menopause, vascular risk, and HT history with cognition at 3-year follow-up, adjusting for baseline cognition, baseline age, years of education, and test language (English/French). RESULTS We included 8,360 postmenopausal female participants (mean age at baseline = 65.0 ± 8.53 years, mean age at menopause = 50.1 ± 4.62 years) and 8,360 age-matched male participants for comparison. There was an interaction between age at menopause and vascular risk, such that earlier menopause and higher vascular risk were synergistically associated with lower cognitive scores at follow-up (β = 0.013, 95% CI 0.001-0.025, p = 0.03). In stratified analyses, vascular risk was associated with lower cognitive scores in female participants with earlier menopause (menopausal ages 35-48 years; β = -0.044, 95% CI -0.066 to -0.022, p < 0.001), but not average (ages 49-52 years; β = -0.007, 95% CI -0.027 to 0.012, p = 0.46) or later menopause (ages 53-65 years; β = 0.003, 95% CI -0.020 to 0.025, p = 0.82). The negative association of vascular risk with cognition in female participants with earlier menopause was stronger than the equivalent association in age-matched male participants. HT history did not further modify the synergistic association of age at menopause and vascular risk with follow-up cognition (β = -0.005, 95% CI -0.032 to 0.021, p = 0.69). DISCUSSION Endocrine and vascular processes may synergistically contribute to increased risk of cognitive decline in female adults. These findings have implications for the development of sex-specific dementia prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeline Wood Alexander
- From the Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program (M.W.A., C.-Y.W., W.S., M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Research Institute; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (M.W.A., J.S.R.), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology (C.-Y.W., W.S.), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (G.T.C., R.F.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychology (T.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (CART) (R.F.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (R.F.B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine; Division of Neurology (M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (L.A.M.G.), The Centre for Addition and Mental Health; Department of Psychiatry (L.A.M.G.), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (G.E.), and Department of Psychology (G.E.), University of Toronto; Rotman Research Institute (G.E.), Baycrest Hospital; and Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation (J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Che-Yuan Wu
- From the Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program (M.W.A., C.-Y.W., W.S., M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Research Institute; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (M.W.A., J.S.R.), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology (C.-Y.W., W.S.), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (G.T.C., R.F.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychology (T.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (CART) (R.F.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (R.F.B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine; Division of Neurology (M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (L.A.M.G.), The Centre for Addition and Mental Health; Department of Psychiatry (L.A.M.G.), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (G.E.), and Department of Psychology (G.E.), University of Toronto; Rotman Research Institute (G.E.), Baycrest Hospital; and Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation (J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gillian T Coughlan
- From the Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program (M.W.A., C.-Y.W., W.S., M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Research Institute; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (M.W.A., J.S.R.), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology (C.-Y.W., W.S.), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (G.T.C., R.F.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychology (T.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (CART) (R.F.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (R.F.B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine; Division of Neurology (M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (L.A.M.G.), The Centre for Addition and Mental Health; Department of Psychiatry (L.A.M.G.), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (G.E.), and Department of Psychology (G.E.), University of Toronto; Rotman Research Institute (G.E.), Baycrest Hospital; and Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation (J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tanvi Puri
- From the Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program (M.W.A., C.-Y.W., W.S., M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Research Institute; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (M.W.A., J.S.R.), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology (C.-Y.W., W.S.), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (G.T.C., R.F.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychology (T.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (CART) (R.F.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (R.F.B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine; Division of Neurology (M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (L.A.M.G.), The Centre for Addition and Mental Health; Department of Psychiatry (L.A.M.G.), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (G.E.), and Department of Psychology (G.E.), University of Toronto; Rotman Research Institute (G.E.), Baycrest Hospital; and Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation (J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Rachel F Buckley
- From the Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program (M.W.A., C.-Y.W., W.S., M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Research Institute; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (M.W.A., J.S.R.), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology (C.-Y.W., W.S.), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (G.T.C., R.F.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychology (T.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (CART) (R.F.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (R.F.B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine; Division of Neurology (M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (L.A.M.G.), The Centre for Addition and Mental Health; Department of Psychiatry (L.A.M.G.), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (G.E.), and Department of Psychology (G.E.), University of Toronto; Rotman Research Institute (G.E.), Baycrest Hospital; and Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation (J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Priya Palta
- From the Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program (M.W.A., C.-Y.W., W.S., M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Research Institute; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (M.W.A., J.S.R.), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology (C.-Y.W., W.S.), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (G.T.C., R.F.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychology (T.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (CART) (R.F.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (R.F.B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine; Division of Neurology (M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (L.A.M.G.), The Centre for Addition and Mental Health; Department of Psychiatry (L.A.M.G.), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (G.E.), and Department of Psychology (G.E.), University of Toronto; Rotman Research Institute (G.E.), Baycrest Hospital; and Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation (J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Walter Swardfager
- From the Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program (M.W.A., C.-Y.W., W.S., M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Research Institute; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (M.W.A., J.S.R.), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology (C.-Y.W., W.S.), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (G.T.C., R.F.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychology (T.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (CART) (R.F.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (R.F.B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine; Division of Neurology (M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (L.A.M.G.), The Centre for Addition and Mental Health; Department of Psychiatry (L.A.M.G.), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (G.E.), and Department of Psychology (G.E.), University of Toronto; Rotman Research Institute (G.E.), Baycrest Hospital; and Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation (J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mario Masellis
- From the Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program (M.W.A., C.-Y.W., W.S., M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Research Institute; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (M.W.A., J.S.R.), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology (C.-Y.W., W.S.), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (G.T.C., R.F.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychology (T.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (CART) (R.F.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (R.F.B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine; Division of Neurology (M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (L.A.M.G.), The Centre for Addition and Mental Health; Department of Psychiatry (L.A.M.G.), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (G.E.), and Department of Psychology (G.E.), University of Toronto; Rotman Research Institute (G.E.), Baycrest Hospital; and Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation (J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Liisa A M Galea
- From the Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program (M.W.A., C.-Y.W., W.S., M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Research Institute; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (M.W.A., J.S.R.), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology (C.-Y.W., W.S.), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (G.T.C., R.F.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychology (T.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (CART) (R.F.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (R.F.B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine; Division of Neurology (M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (L.A.M.G.), The Centre for Addition and Mental Health; Department of Psychiatry (L.A.M.G.), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (G.E.), and Department of Psychology (G.E.), University of Toronto; Rotman Research Institute (G.E.), Baycrest Hospital; and Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation (J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gillian Einstein
- From the Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program (M.W.A., C.-Y.W., W.S., M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Research Institute; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (M.W.A., J.S.R.), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology (C.-Y.W., W.S.), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (G.T.C., R.F.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychology (T.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (CART) (R.F.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (R.F.B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine; Division of Neurology (M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (L.A.M.G.), The Centre for Addition and Mental Health; Department of Psychiatry (L.A.M.G.), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (G.E.), and Department of Psychology (G.E.), University of Toronto; Rotman Research Institute (G.E.), Baycrest Hospital; and Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation (J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sandra E Black
- From the Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program (M.W.A., C.-Y.W., W.S., M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Research Institute; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (M.W.A., J.S.R.), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology (C.-Y.W., W.S.), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (G.T.C., R.F.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychology (T.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (CART) (R.F.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (R.F.B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine; Division of Neurology (M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (L.A.M.G.), The Centre for Addition and Mental Health; Department of Psychiatry (L.A.M.G.), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (G.E.), and Department of Psychology (G.E.), University of Toronto; Rotman Research Institute (G.E.), Baycrest Hospital; and Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation (J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jennifer S Rabin
- From the Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program (M.W.A., C.-Y.W., W.S., M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Research Institute; Rehabilitation Sciences Institute (M.W.A., J.S.R.), Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology (C.-Y.W., W.S.), University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Neurology (G.T.C., R.F.B.), Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston; Department of Psychology (T.P.), University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada; Center for Alzheimer Research and Treatment (CART) (R.F.B.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences (R.F.B.), University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia; Department of Neurology (P.P.), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine; Division of Neurology (M.M., S.E.B., J.S.R.), Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto; Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute (L.A.M.G.), The Centre for Addition and Mental Health; Department of Psychiatry (L.A.M.G.), Temerty Faculty of Medicine, Dalla Lana School of Public Health (G.E.), and Department of Psychology (G.E.), University of Toronto; Rotman Research Institute (G.E.), Baycrest Hospital; and Harquail Centre for Neuromodulation (J.S.R.), Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada
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7
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Hart DA. The Heterogeneity of Post-Menopausal Disease Risk: Could the Basis for Why Only Subsets of Females Are Affected Be Due to a Reversible Epigenetic Modification System Associated with Puberty, Menstrual Cycles, Pregnancy and Lactation, and, Ultimately, Menopause? Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3866. [PMID: 38612676 PMCID: PMC11011715 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
For much of human evolution, the average lifespan was <40 years, due in part to disease, infant mortality, predators, food insecurity, and, for females, complications of childbirth. Thus, for much of evolution, many females did not reach the age of menopause (45-50 years of age) and it is mainly in the past several hundred years that the lifespan has been extended to >75 years, primarily due to public health advances, medical interventions, antibiotics, and nutrition. Therefore, the underlying biological mechanisms responsible for disease risk following menopause must have evolved during the complex processes leading to Homo sapiens to serve functions in the pre-menopausal state. Furthermore, as a primary function for the survival of the species is effective reproduction, it is likely that most of the advantages of having such post-menopausal risks relate to reproduction and the ability to address environmental stresses. This opinion/perspective will be discussed in the context of how such post-menopausal risks could enhance reproduction, with improved survival of offspring, and perhaps why such risks are preserved. Not all post-menopausal females exhibit risk for this set of diseases, and those who do develop such diseases do not have all of the conditions. The diseases of the post-menopausal state do not operate as a unified complex, but as independent variables, with the potential for some overlap. The how and why there would be such heterogeneity if the risk factors serve essential functions during the reproductive years is also discussed and the concept of sets of reversible epigenetic changes associated with puberty, pregnancy, and lactation is offered to explain the observations regarding the distribution of post-menopausal conditions and their potential roles in reproduction. While the involvement of an epigenetic system with a dynamic "modification-demodification-remodification" paradigm contributing to disease risk is a hypothesis at this point, validation of it could lead to a better understanding of post-menopausal disease risk in the context of reproduction with commonalities may also lead to future improved interventions to control such risk after menopause.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Hart
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Kinesiology, and McCaig Institute for Bone and Joint Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 4N1, Canada
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8
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Lin S, Jiang L, Wei K, Yang J, Cao X, Li C. Sex-Specific Association of Body Mass Index with Hippocampal Subfield Volume and Cognitive Function in Non-Demented Chinese Older Adults. Brain Sci 2024; 14:170. [PMID: 38391744 PMCID: PMC10887390 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Recent research suggests a possible association between midlife obesity and an increased risk of dementia in later life. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Little is known about the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and hippocampal subfield atrophy. In this study, we aimed to explore the associations between BMI and hippocampal subfield volumes and cognitive function in non-demented Chinese older adults. Hippocampal volumes were assessed using structural magnetic resonance imaging. Cognitive function was evaluated using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). A total of 66 participants were included in the final analysis, with 35 females and 31 males. We observed a significant correlation between BMI and the hippocampal fissure volume in older females. In addition, there was a negative association between BMI and the RBANS total scale score, the coding score, and the story recall score, whereas no significant correlations were observed in older males. In conclusion, our findings revealed sex-specific associations between BMI and hippocampal subfield volumes and cognitive performance, providing valuable insights into the development of effective interventions for the early prevention of cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaohui Lin
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Lijuan Jiang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Kai Wei
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 201108, China
- Shanghai Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Mental Health, Shanghai 201108, China
| | - Junjie Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xinyi Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Clinical Neurocognitive Research Center, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Chunbo Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200030, China
- Institute of Psychology and Behavioral Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200030, China
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9
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Rishabh, Bansal S, Goel A, Gupta S, Malik D, Bansal N. Unravelling the Crosstalk between Estrogen Deficiency and Gut-biotaDysbiosis in the Development of Diabetes Mellitus. Curr Diabetes Rev 2024; 20:e240124226067. [PMID: 38275037 DOI: 10.2174/0115733998275953231129094057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Estrogens are classically considered essential hormonal signals, but they exert profound effects in a number of physiological and pathological states, including glucose homeostasis and insulin resistance. Estrogen deficiency after menopause in most women leads to increased androgenicity and changes in body composition, and it is recommended to manipulate the β-cell function of the pancreas, insulin-induced glucose transport, and hepatic glucose output, hence, the increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Recently, studies have reported that gut biota alteration due to estrogen deficiency contributes to altered energy metabolism and, hence, accentuates the pathology of diabetes mellitus. Emerging research suggests estrogen deficiency via genetic disposition or failure of ovaries to function in old age modulates the insulin resistance and glucose secretion workload on pancreatic beta cells by decreasing the levels of good bacteria such as Akkermansia muciniphila, Bifidobacterium spp., Lactobacillus spp., Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Roseburia spp., and Prevotella spp., and increasing the levels of bad bacteria's such as Bacteroides spp., Clostridium difficile, Escherichia coli, and Enterococcus spp. Alteration in these bacteria's concentrations in the gut further leads to the development of impaired glucose uptake by the muscles, increased gluconeogenesis in the liver, and increased lipolysis and inflammation in the adipose tissues. Thus, the present review paper aims to clarify the intricate interactions between estrogen deficiency, gut microbiota regulation, and the development of diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishabh
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Seema Bansal
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Akriti Goel
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Sumeet Gupta
- M.M. College of Pharmacy, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to be University), Mullana-Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Deepti Malik
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bilaspur, HP, India
| | - Nitin Bansal
- Department of Pharmacy, Chaudhary Bansilal University, Bhiwani, India
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10
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Salinero AE, Abi-Ghanem C, Venkataganesh H, Sura A, Smith RM, Thrasher CA, Kelly RD, Hatcher KM, NyBlom V, Shamlian V, Kyaw NR, Belanger KM, Gannon OJ, Stephens SB, Zuloaga DG, Zuloaga KL. Brain Specific Estrogen Ameliorates Cognitive Effects of Surgical Menopause in Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.08.09.552687. [PMID: 37609180 PMCID: PMC10441397 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.09.552687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Menopause is a major endocrinological shift that leads to an increased vulnerability to the risk factors for cognitive impairment and dementia. This is thought to be due to the loss of circulating estrogens, which exert many potent neuroprotective effects in the brain. Systemic replacement of estrogen post-menopause has many limitations, including increased risk for estrogen-sensitive cancers. A more promising therapeutic approach therefore might be to deliver estrogen only to the brain thus limiting adverse peripheral side effects. We examined whether we could enhance cognitive performance by delivering estrogen exclusively to the brain in post-menopausal mice. We modeled surgical menopause via bilateral ovariectomy (OVX). We treated mice with the pro-drug 10β,17β-dihydroxyestra-1,4-dien-3-one (DHED), which can be administered systemically but is converted to 17β-estradiol only in the brain. Young (2.5-month) and middle-aged (11-month-old) female C57BL/6J mice received ovariectomy and a subcutaneous implant containing vehicle (cholesterol) or DHED. At 3.5 months old (young group) and 14.5 months old (middle-aged group), mice underwent behavior testing to assess memory. DHED did not significantly alter metabolic status in middle-aged, post-menopausal mice. In both young and middle-aged mice, the brain-specific estrogen DHED improved spatial memory. Additional testing in middle-aged mice also showed that DHED improved working and recognition memory. These promising results lay the foundation for future studies aimed at determining if this intervention is as efficacious in models of dementia that have comorbid risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail E. Salinero
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Charly Abi-Ghanem
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Harini Venkataganesh
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Avi Sura
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Rachel M. Smith
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Christina A. Thrasher
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Richard D. Kelly
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Katherine M. Hatcher
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Vanessa NyBlom
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience Research, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Victoria Shamlian
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Nyi-Rein Kyaw
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Kasey M. Belanger
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Olivia J. Gannon
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Shannon B.Z. Stephens
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Damian G. Zuloaga
- Department of Psychology and Center for Neuroscience Research, State University of New York at Albany, Albany, NY, USA
| | - Kristen L. Zuloaga
- Department of Neuroscience & Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue; MC-136, Albany, NY, USA
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