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Wang H, Liu G, Zhou A, Yang H, Kang K, Ahmed S, Li B, Farooq U, Hou F, Wang C, Bai X, Chen Y, Ding Y, Jiang X. Effects of yeast culture on in vitro ruminal fermentation and microbial community of high concentrate diet in sheep. AMB Express 2024; 14:37. [PMID: 38622373 PMCID: PMC11018729 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-024-01692-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate effects of different yeast culture (YC) levels on in vitro fermentation characteristics and bacterial and fungal community under high concentrate diet. A total of 5 groups were included in the experiment: control group without YC (CON), YC1 (0.5% YC proportion of substrate dry matter), YC2 (1%), YC3 (1.5%) and YC4 (2%). After 48 h of fermentation, the incubation fluids and residues were collected to analyze the ruminal fermentation parameters and bacterial and fungal community. Results showed that the ruminal fluid pH of YC2 and YC4 groups was higher (P < 0.05) than that of CON group. Compared with CON group, the microbial protein, propionate and butyrate concentrations and cumulative gas production at 48 h of YC2 group were significantly increased (P < 0.05), whereas an opposite trend of ammonia nitrogen and lactate was observed between two groups. Microbial analysis showed that the Chao1 and Shannon indexes of YC2 group were higher (P < 0.05) than those of CON group. Additionally, YC supplementation significantly decreased (P < 0.05) Succinivibrionaceae_UCG-001, Streptococcus bovis and Neosetophoma relative abundances. An opposite tendency of Aspergillus abundance was found between CON and YC treatments. Compared with CON group, the relative abundances of Prevotella, Succiniclasticum, Butyrivibrio and Megasphaera elsdenii were significantly increased (P < 0.05) in YC2 group, while Apiotrichum and unclassified Clostridiales relative abundances were decreased (P < 0.05). In conclusion, high concentrate substrate supplemented with appropriate YC (1%) can improve ruminal fermentation and regulate bacterial and fungal composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongze Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- National key Laboratory for Exploitation and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Yichang, 443003, China
| | - Guiqiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Aimin Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang, 621023, China
| | - Huiguo Yang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, 830013, China
| | - Kun Kang
- National key Laboratory for Exploitation and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Yichang, 443003, China
| | - Sohail Ahmed
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Biao Li
- National key Laboratory for Exploitation and Utilization of Agricultural Microbial Resources, Yichang, 443003, China
| | - Umar Farooq
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Fuqing Hou
- National Sheep Industry Technology System Shihezi Comprehensive Experimental Station, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Chaoli Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- National Sheep Industry Technology System Shihezi Comprehensive Experimental Station, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Xue Bai
- National Sheep Industry Technology System Shihezi Comprehensive Experimental Station, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
| | - Yi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, 830013, China
- National Sheep Industry Technology System Shihezi Comprehensive Experimental Station, Shihezi, 832000, China
| | - Xunping Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction of Ministry of Education, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China.
- Institute of Animal Husbandry, Xinjiang Academy of Animal Sciences, Urumqi, 830013, China.
- National Sheep Industry Technology System Shihezi Comprehensive Experimental Station, Shihezi, 832000, China.
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Zhang J, Liu Y, Bu L, Liu Q, Pei C, Guo G, Huo W. Milk Yields and Milk Fat Composition Promoted by Pantothenate and Thiamine via Stimulating Nutrient Digestion and Fatty Acid Synthesis in Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:2526. [PMID: 37570334 PMCID: PMC10417633 DOI: 10.3390/ani13152526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Considering the synergistic effect of pantothenate and thiamine on the regulation of energy metabolism, this study investigated the influences of coated calcium pantothenate (CCP) and coated thiamine (CT) on milk production and composition, nutrients digestion, and expressions of genes involved in fatty acids synthesis in mammary glands. Forty-four multiparous Chinese Holstein cows (2.8 ± 0.19 of parity, 772 ± 12.3 kg of body weight [BW], 65.8 ± 8.6 days in milk [DIM] and 35.3 ± 1.9 kg/d of milk production, mean ± SD) were blocked by parity, BW, DIM, and milk production, and they were allocated into one of four treatments in a 2 × 2 factorial block design. Additional CCP (0 mg/kg [CCP-] or 55 mg/kg dry matter [DM] of calcium pantothenate from CCP [CCP+]) and CT (0 g/kg [CT-] or 5.3 mg/kg DM of thiamine from CT [CT+]) were hand-mixed into the top one-third of total mixed ration. Both CCP and CT additives increased milk production, fat content, true protein, and lactose by promoting nutrient digestibility. The CCP or/and CT supplementation induced the elevation of C11:0, C12:0, C13:0, C14:0, C14:1, C15:0, C15:1, C16:00, C16:1, C24:00, C24:1 fatty acids, saturated fatty acid, and C4-16 fatty acid contents in milk fat; but it decreased C17-22 fatty acid content. Ruminal total VFA content was increased, but pH was decreased by both additives. The ruminal fermentation pattern was altered, and a tendency of acetate formation was implied by the increased acetate-to-propionate ratio after both additives' supplementation. The expressions of PPARγ, SREBPF1, ACACA, FASN, SCD, and FABP3 mRNAs were enhanced by CCP or CT addition, but the relative expression of LPL mRNA was upregulated by CT addition only. Additionally, blood glucose, triglyceride, insulin-like growth factor-1, and total antioxidant capacity were promoted by both additives. The combination of CCP and CT more effectively increased the ruminal total VFA concentration, the acetate to propionate ratio, and blood glucose level, and decreased ammoniacal nitrogen concentration than that achieved by CCP or CT alone. The results suggested that CCP and CT supplementation stimulated lactation performance by promoting nutrient digestion and fatty acid synthesis in the mammary glands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Qiang Liu
- College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China; (J.Z.); (Y.L.); (L.B.); (C.P.); (G.G.); (W.H.)
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Tang Q, He R, Huang F, Liang Q, Zhou Z, Zhou J, Wang Q, Zou C, Gu Q. Effects of ensiling sugarcane tops with bacteria-enzyme inoculants on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and the associated rumen microbiome in beef cattle. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad326. [PMID: 37813104 PMCID: PMC10636847 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Major challenges when ensiling sugarcane tops include fermentation that results in high quantities of alcohol and decrease in nutrient digestibility due to the accumulation of fiber components. Increased efforts to apply bacteria-enzyme inoculants in silage have the potential to improve nutrient digestibility. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ensiling sugarcane tops with bacteria-enzyme inoculants or mixed bacterial inoculants on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and rumen microbiome in beef cattle. Chopped sugarcane tops were ensiled in plastic bags for 60 d after application of 1) no inoculant (control check, CK); 2) bacteria-enzyme inoculants containing Pediococcus acidilactici, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, cellulase, and xylanase (T1, viable colony-forming units of each bacterial strain ≥108 CFU/g; enzyme activity of each enzyme ≥200 U/g); or 3) mixed bacterial inoculants containing Lactobacillus plantarum, Bacillus subtilis, and Aspergillus oryzae (T2, viable colony-forming units of each bacterial strain ≥107 CFU/g). Silages were fed to eighteen Holstein bull calves (n = 6/treatment) weighing 163.83 ± 7.13 kg to determine intake in a 49-d experimental period. The results showed that beef cattle-fed T1 silage or T2 silage had a significantly higher (P < 0.05) average daily gain than those fed CK silage, but the difference in dry matter intake was not significant (P > 0.05). The apparent digestibility of crude protein (CP) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were higher (P < 0.05) for beef cattle-fed T1 silage or T2 silage than for those fed CK silage. The rumen bacterial community of beef cattle-fed T1 silage or T2 silage had a tendency to increase (P > 0.05) abundance of Firmicutes and Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group than those fed CK silage. Rumen fungal communities of beef cattle-fed T1 or T2 silage had a tendency to increase (P > 0.05) abundance of Mortierellomycota and of Mortierella than those fed CK silage. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient showed that the apparent digestibility of ADF for beef cattle was positively correlated with unclassified_p_Ascomycota of the fungal genera (P < 0.05). Neocalimastigomycota of the fungal phyla was strongly positively correlated with the apparent digestibility of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (P < 0.05). Ruminococcus was positively correlated with the apparent digestibility of CP (P < 0.05). It was concluded that both T1 and T2 improved the growth performance of beef cattle by improving the ruminal apparent digestibility of CP and ADF, and had no significant impact on major rumen microbial communities in beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Tang
- Collegeof Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Renchun He
- The Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China
| | - Feng Huang
- Collegeof Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Qimei Liang
- The Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China
| | - Zhiyang Zhou
- The Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China
| | - Junhua Zhou
- The Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China
| | - Qizhi Wang
- The Animal Husbandry Research Institute, Guangxi Vocational University of Agriculture, Nanning, Guangxi 530000, China
| | - Caixia Zou
- Collegeof Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
| | - Qichao Gu
- Collegeof Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, China
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Teklebrhan T, Tan Z, Jonker A. Diet containing sulfur shifted hydrogen metabolism from methanogenesis to alternative sink and influenced fermentation and gut microbial ecosystem of goats. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ma P, Hong Y, Liu C, Sun Y, Liu M, Yang Z, Ma P, Wu H, Xue F. Rumen microbiota responses to the enzymatic hydrolyzed cottonseed peptide supplement under high-concentrate diet feeding process. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:984634. [PMID: 36439362 PMCID: PMC9698919 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.984634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
In current dairy production, dietary energy is always excessively provided with a high-concentrate diet feeding to improve milk production. However, this feeding practice disturbed the rumen microbial ecosystem and the balance between ruminal energy and nitrogen, resulting in decreased nutrient fermentability, which in turn declined the milk yield of dairy cows. Therefore, supplementation of dietary degradable nitrogen may be helpful for high dairy production. In this study, we evaluated the regulatory effects of easily utilized enzymatic hydrolyzed cottonseed peptide (EHP) supplements on rumen microbiota communities and rumen nutrient fermentability under high-concentrate feeding. For this purpose, a gradient concentrate of EHP (from 0.2 to 1.0%) was added to the high-concentrate basal substrates for an in vitro experiment. Each treatment contained three replicates, with three bottles in each replicate. Rumen fermentable parameters included microbial protein content, volatile fatty acids, and ammonia-N; the rumen nutrient degradability of dry matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, ether extracts, calcium, and phosphorus were further investigated after in vitro fermentation for 72 h. Then, rumen microbiota communities and their correlation with ruminal fermentation parameters and rumen nutritional degradability were analyzed to understand the regulatory mechanism of the EHP supplements on rumen fermentability. Results indicate that treatment with 0.6% of EHP supplements had the highest content of acetate, butyrate, and neutral detergent fiber degradability among all treatments. Furthermore, EHP supplements significantly increased the relative abundance of rumen cellulose and starch-degrading bacteria such as Ruminococcus, Bifidobacterium, and Acetitomaculum, and the high nitrogen utilizing bacteria Butyrivibrio and Pseudobutyrivibrio, which may further promote the rumen carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism. In summary, supplementation of easily degraded small peptides helps reestablish rumen energy and nitrogen balance to promote the rumen fermentable functions and nutritional degradability under high-concentrate diet feeding circumstances. These findings may further promote dairy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ma
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Anyou Biotechnology Group Co. Ltd., Taicang, China
| | - Yifen Hong
- Anyou Biotechnology Group Co. Ltd., Taicang, China
| | - Chunxue Liu
- Anyou Biotechnology Group Co. Ltd., Taicang, China
| | - Yuqin Sun
- Yangxin Yiliyuan Halal Meat Co. Ltd., Yangxin, China
| | - Minze Liu
- Yangxin Yiliyuan Halal Meat Co. Ltd., Yangxin, China
| | - Zhengang Yang
- Yangxin Yiliyuan Halal Meat Co. Ltd., Yangxin, China
| | - Pengyun Ma
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hongxiang Wu
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Fuguang Xue
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
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Ma P, Sun C, Liu M, You H, Shen Y, Kang Y, Sun Y, Yang Z, Ma P, Yang L, Xue F. Metagenomic insights into the rumen epithelial integrity responses to the vitamin B1 supplement under high-concentrate diets treatments. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1008373. [PMID: 36386689 PMCID: PMC9642323 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1008373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) becomes the most common nutritional metabolic disease in high-yielding dairy cows and later fatting beef cattle because of the increasing consumption of high-concentrate diets in modern feeding patterns. Our previous research found a certain piece of evidence that adding 180 mg thiamine/kg DMI could increase the rumen pH and regulate the structure of the rumen microbial community in vivo. However, there is still limited experimental data on the effects of SARA on thiamine status, the damage to the structure of rumen epithelial cells, and the underlying mechanism of the epithelium alterations. For this purpose, a total of 18 Angus bulls (average 22.0-months-old) with an average live weight of 567.6 ± 27.4 kg were randomly allocated into a control treatment (CON), a high-concentrate diet treatment (HC), and a high-concentrate diet with the vitamin B1 supplement treatment (HCB). All bulls were conducted with a 7-day adjustment period followed by a 60-day-long main feeding procedure. Results indicated that ADFI and ADG significantly decreased in the HC treatment compared with CON (P < 0.05), while significantly increased after the VB1 supplement (P < 0.05). Besides, ruminal acetate content was significantly downregulated while propionate was significantly upregulated under the HC treatment compared with CON (P < 0.05); however, these alterations showed a completely inverse regulatory effect on the VB1 supplement compared with HC (P < 0.05). These changes causatively induced a significant decrease in the A/P ratio in the HC treatment compared with CON and HCB treatments (P < 0.05). Bacterial communities in the HC treatment could be separated from those in CON through PCoA axes 1 and 2. Meanwhile, the VB1 supplement significantly altered the bacterial communities compared with the HC treatment, except for HCB-3. Furthermore, the HC treatment significantly upregulated the expression of JNK, Bax, Caspase-8, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, and Cyt-C compared with CON, while significantly downregulated the expression of Bcl-2. The VB1 supplement showed a complete converse gene expression compared with HC. In conclusion, the VB1 supplement could effectively attenuate the alterations that occurred when exposed to high-concentrate diets, and help promote production performance through increased fermentability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ma
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Anyou Biotechnology Group Co., Ltd., Taicang, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chaoqun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Minze Liu
- Yangxin Yiliyuan Halal Meat Co., Ltd., Yangxin, Shandong, China
| | - Hongnan You
- School of Foreign Language, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Yao Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yajie Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuqin Sun
- Yangxin Yiliyuan Halal Meat Co., Ltd., Yangxin, Shandong, China
| | - Zhengang Yang
- Yangxin Yiliyuan Halal Meat Co., Ltd., Yangxin, Shandong, China
| | - Pengyun Ma
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Liang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fuguang Xue
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
- Yangxin Yiliyuan Halal Meat Co., Ltd., Yangxin, Shandong, China
- *Correspondence: Fuguang Xue,
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Liu E, Xiao W, Pu Q, Xu L, Wang L, Mao K, Hong W, Qu M, Xue F. Microbial and metabolomic insights into the bovine lipometabolic responses of rumen and mammary gland to zymolytic small peptide supplementation. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:875741. [PMID: 36187834 PMCID: PMC9515958 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.875741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Small peptides provide the easily utilized nitrogen for rumen microbial and promote acetate generation for milk fat synthesis. However, the impacts of peptide supplements on lipometabolic processes were still unclear. Therefore, a total of 800 multiparous dairy herds (with an average live weight of 667.6 ± 39.4 kg, an average lactation of 89.3 ± 18.8 days, and an average calving parity of 2.76 ± 0.47) were randomly allocated to the control (CON) and the small peptide (SP) supplement (100 g/day for each cow) treatments, respectively. A 35-day-long feeding procedure that includes a 7-day-long pretreatment test and a 28-day-long treatment test was followed for all cows. Dry matter intake (DMI) was recorded every day and calculated by the deviation between the supply and residue, while the daily milk production was automatically recorded through the rotary milking facilities. Milk samples were collected from each replicate on the last day, followed by the milk quality and milk lipid composition measurement. Rumen fluid samples were collected on the last day through esophageal tubing 3 h after morning feeding for the determination of the underlying mechanism of the small peptide on lipid metabolism through the measurement of rumen lipometabolic-related metabolites and rumen bacterial communities. Results indicated that dry matter intake showed an increasing trend, while milk production and the milk fat content remarkably increased after SP supplement (P < 0.05). Further detailed detection showed the mainly increased milk composition focused on monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA). Acetate-producing microbes, such as Acetitomaculum, Bifidobacterium, Succiniclasticum, and Succinivibrio, and butyrate-producing microbes, such as Shuttleworthia and Saccharofermentans, significantly proliferated, which causatively brought the increased ruminal content of acetate, isobutyrate, and butyrate after SP supplement (P < 0.05) compared with CON. Lipometabolic metabolites such as phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylserine (PS), triacylglycerol (TG), and Acetyl-CoA also significantly increased after SP supplement. In summary, SP supplements help to increase milk fat content through the proliferation of rumen bacterial communities, which provided more acetate and butyrate for milk fat synthesis combined with the promotion of ruminal lipometabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- En Liu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Weiwei Xiao
- Chengdu Mytech Biotech Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Qijian Pu
- Chengdu Mytech Biotech Co., Ltd., Chengdu, China
| | - Lanjiao Xu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Long Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kang Mao
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
| | - Wei Hong
- Shanghai Menon Animal Nutrition Technology Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Mingren Qu
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Mingren Qu
| | - Fuguang Xue
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Nanchang Key Laboratory of Animal Health and Safety Production, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang, China
- Fuguang Xue
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Teklebrhan T, Tan Z. Diet Supplementation With Sulfur Amino Acids Modulated Fermentation Metabolome and Gut Microbiome in Goats. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:870385. [PMID: 35694302 PMCID: PMC9174029 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.870385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary amino acids shift hydrogen metabolism to an alternative hydrogen sink consisting of dissolved hydrogen sulfur (dH2S) rather than methanogenesis; and influences the fermentation metabolome and microbiome associated with particles and liquid fractions in gut regions (foregut, small intestine, and hindgut) of goats. A completely randomized block design with a total of 20 goats (5 goats per treatment) was used to conduct the trial. The goats were fed on a diet that consisted of a concentrated mixture with maize stover roughage (50:50, on a dry matter basis) and randomly assigned to one of the four treatments: without amino acid supplementation (a basal diet), a basal diet supplemented with methionine (Met), a basal diet supplemented with lysine (Lys), and a basal diet supplemented with methionine and lysine (ML). Goats fed Met alone or in combination had less acetate, acetate to propionate ratio, and greater propionate (p < 0.05) in the foregut and hindgut than those fed control or Lys. Nonetheless, the goats fed on the amino acid supplements had higher levels of branched-chain VFA (p < 0.05) in the foregut and hindgut than the control goats. Goats fed on ML had the highest ammonia (p < 0.01), followed by Met or Lys, both in the foregut and hindgut, compared with the control. Those fed on Met alone or in combination, had lower dH2, dCH4 (p < 0.01), and higher dH2S (p < 0.01) in the foregut and hindgut than the control or Lys. The goats that were fed on Met alone or in combination, had higher 16S rRNA gene copies of total bacteria, methanogens, and 18S rRNA gene copies of protozoa, fungi, and fiber-utilizing bacterial species (p < 0.01) associated with particles vs. liquid, both in the foregut and hindgut than the control goats. This study gives insights into the use of sulfur-containing amino acids, as an alternative dietary mitigation strategy of methanogenesis in ruminants and highlights the need for further research in this direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsegay Teklebrhan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Animal and Range Sciences, Haramaya University, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
- *Correspondence: Tsegay Teklebrhan,
| | - Zhiliang Tan
- CAS Key Laboratory for Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, National Engineering Laboratory for Pollution Control and Waste Utilization in Livestock and Poultry Production, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha, China
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Hao Z, Tao K, Wu K, Luo Y, Lu Y, Li B, Shi P, Wang P, Zeng X, Lin Y. Alterations of gut microbiome and metabolite profiles in choledocholithiasis concurrent with cholangitis. Hepatol Int 2022; 16:447-462. [PMID: 34313944 DOI: 10.1007/s12072-021-10231-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Gut microbiota and their metabolic products might play important roles in regulating the pathogenesis of choledocholithiasis concurrent with cholangitis (CC). The aim of this study was to explore the characteristic gut dysbiosis, metabolite profiles and the possible roles in patients with CC. METHODS A case-control study was carried out to analyze the alterations in the intestinal microbiota and their metabolites in patients with CC (n = 25) compared with healthy controls (HCs) (n = 25) by metagenomic sequencing to define the gut microbiota community and liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis to characterize the metabolite profiles. RESULTS Significantly reduced Shannon diversity index (p = 0.043) and differential overall fecal microbiota community in CCs were observed. Twelve dominant altered species were identified and analyzed (LDA score > 3.0, p < 0.05) (Q value < 0.05), including unclassified_f_Enterobacteriaceae, Escherichia_coli, Roseburia_faecis and Eubacterium rectale. Moreover, the levels of KEGG pathways related to biofilm formation of Escherichia coli, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) biosynthesis, and the metabolism of propanoate and glutathione in CCs were significantly altered. Finally, 47 markedly changed metabolites (VIP > 1.0 and p < 0.05), including low level of kynurenic acid (KYNA) and high concentration of N-palmitoylsphingosine involving tryptophan metabolism and sphingolipid signaling pathways, were identified to validate aberrant metabolic patterns in CCs, and multiple correlated metabolic modules involving bile inflammation were altered in CCs. CONCLUSION Our study provides novel insights into compositional and functional alterations in the gut microbiome and metabolite profiles in CC and the underlying mechanisms between gut microbiota and bile inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Hao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Kegong Tao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Kaiming Wu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Yuanyuan Luo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Yiting Lu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China
| | - Binbin Li
- Department of Pathology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Peimei Shi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Peiqin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Xin Zeng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, 150 Jimo Road, Shanghai, 200120, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - Yong Lin
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Navy Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Road, Shanghai, 200003, China.
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Ma J, Shah AM, Wang Z, Fan X. Potential protective effects of thiamine supplementation on the ruminal epithelium damage during subacute ruminal acidosis. Anim Sci J 2021; 92:e13579. [PMID: 34173303 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In ruminants, the ruminal epithelium not only has the function of absorbing nutrients but also is an important tissue to prevent harmful substances in the rumen from entering the blood circulation. Thus, the normal function of ruminal epithelium is critical for ruminants. However, subacute ruminal acidosis induced by high-concentrate diets often damages the barrier function of ruminal epithelium in ruminants. Recently, many studies have shown that dietary supplementation with thiamine is an effective method to alleviate subacute ruminal acidosis. In order to provide theoretical reference for the in-depth study of subacute ruminal acidosis and the application of thiamine in the future, this review introduces the effects of subacute ruminal acidosis on morphological structure, inflammatory response, and tight junction of ruminal epithelium. In addition, this paper summarizes the role of thiamine in maintaining ruminal epithelial function of ruminants during subacute ruminal acidosis challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Ma
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ali Mujtaba Shah
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhisheng Wang
- Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Fan
- College of Animal Science, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumchi, China
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Zhang Y, Wang C, Peng A, Zhang H, Wang H. Metagenomic Insight: Dietary Thiamine Supplementation Promoted the Growth of Carbohydrate-Associated Microorganisms and Enzymes in the Rumen of Saanen Goats Fed High-Concentrate Diets. Microorganisms 2021; 9:632. [PMID: 33803603 PMCID: PMC8003091 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9030632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is often caused by feeding a high-concentrate diet in intensive ruminant production. Although previous studies have shown that dietary thiamine supplementation can effectively increase rumen pH and modify rumen fermentation, the effect of thiamine supplementation on rumen carbohydrate-related microorganisms and enzymes in goats under SARA conditions remain unclear. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary thiamine supplementation on carbohydrate-associated microorganisms and enzymes in the rumen of Saanen goats fed high-concentrate diets. Nine healthy mid-lactating Saanen goats in parity 1 or 2 were randomly assigned into three treatments: A control diet (CON; concentrate:forage (30:70)), a high-concentrate diet (HC; concentrate:forage (70:30)), and a high-concentrate diet with 200 mg of thiamine/kg of DMI (HCT; concentrate:forage (70:30)). Compared with the HC group, dietary thiamine supplementation improved ruminal microbes associated with fiber, including Prevotella, Fibrobacter, Neocallimastix, and Piromyces (p < 0.05). In addition, an increase in the relative abundance of enzymes involved in both fiber degradation and starch degradation, such as CBM16, GH3, and GH97, was observed in the HCT treatment. (p < 0.05). Thus, thiamine supplementation can improve carbohydrate metabolism by increasing the abundance of the microorganisms and enzymes involved in carbohydrate degradation. In conclusion, this study revealed the relationship between ruminal microbiota and enzymes, and these findings contributed to solving the problems arising from the high-concentrate feeding in ruminant production and to providing a new perspective on ruminant health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Z.); (A.P.); (H.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Chao Wang
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, M Block, Queen Elizabeth II Medical Centre, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia;
| | - Along Peng
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Z.); (A.P.); (H.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Z.); (A.P.); (H.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Hongrong Wang
- Laboratory of Metabolic Manipulation of Herbivorous Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China; (Y.Z.); (A.P.); (H.Z.)
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety, The Ministry of Education of China, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
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Hess M, Paul SS, Puniya AK, van der Giezen M, Shaw C, Edwards JE, Fliegerová K. Anaerobic Fungi: Past, Present, and Future. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:584893. [PMID: 33193229 PMCID: PMC7609409 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.584893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Anaerobic fungi (AF) play an essential role in feed conversion due to their potent fiber degrading enzymes and invasive growth. Much has been learned about this unusual fungal phylum since the paradigm shifting work of Colin Orpin in the 1970s, when he characterized the first AF. Molecular approaches targeting specific phylogenetic marker genes have facilitated taxonomic classification of AF, which had been previously been complicated by the complex life cycles and associated morphologies. Although we now have a much better understanding of their diversity, it is believed that there are still numerous genera of AF that remain to be described in gut ecosystems. Recent marker-gene based studies have shown that fungal diversity in the herbivore gut is much like the bacterial population, driven by host phylogeny, host genetics and diet. Since AF are major contributors to the degradation of plant material ingested by the host animal, it is understandable that there has been great interest in exploring the enzymatic repertoire of these microorganisms in order to establish a better understanding of how AF, and their enzymes, can be used to improve host health and performance, while simultaneously reducing the ecological footprint of the livestock industry. A detailed understanding of AF and their interaction with other gut microbes as well as the host animal is essential, especially when production of affordable high-quality protein and other animal-based products needs to meet the demands of an increasing human population. Such a mechanistic understanding, leading to more sustainable livestock practices, will be possible with recently developed -omics technologies that have already provided first insights into the different contributions of the fungal and bacterial population in the rumen during plant cell wall hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hess
- Systems Microbiology & Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Shyam S. Paul
- Gut Microbiome Lab, ICAR-Directorate of Poultry Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - Anil K. Puniya
- Anaerobic Microbiology Lab, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Dairy Microbiology Division, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, India
| | - Mark van der Giezen
- Department of Chemistry, Bioscience and Environmental Engineering, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway
| | - Claire Shaw
- Systems Microbiology & Natural Product Discovery Laboratory, Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
| | - Joan E. Edwards
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - Kateřina Fliegerová
- Laboratory of Anaerobic Microbiology, Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czechia
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Xue F, Wang Y, Zhao Y, Nan X, Hua D, Sun F, Yang L, Jiang L, Xiong B. Ruminal Methanogenic Responses to the Thiamine Supplementation in High-Concentrate Diets. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:E935. [PMID: 32481707 PMCID: PMC7341502 DOI: 10.3390/ani10060935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thiamine supplementation in high-concentrate diets (HC) was confirmed to attenuate ruminal subacute acidosis through promoting carbohydrate metabolism, however, whether thiamine supplementation in HC impacts methane metabolism is still unclear. Therefore, in the present study, thiamine was supplemented in the high-concentrate diets to investigate its effects on ruminal methanogens and methanogenesis process. METHODS an in vitro fermentation experiment which included three treatments: control diet (CON, concentrate/forage = 4:6; DM basis), high-concentrate diet (HC, concentrate/forage = 6:4; DM basis) and high-concentrate diet supplemented with thiamine (HCT, concentrate/forage = 6:4, DM basis; thiamine supplementation content = 180 mg/kg DM) was conducted. Each treatment concluded with four repeats, with three bottles in each repeat. The in vitro fermentation was sustained for 48h each time and repeated three times. At the end of fermentation, fermentable parameters, ruminal bacteria and methanogens community were measured. RESULTS HC significantly decreased ruminal pH, thiamine and acetate content, while significantly increasing propionate content compared with CON (p < 0.05). Conversely, thiamine supplementation significantly increased ruminal pH, acetate while significantly decreasing propionate content compared with HC treatment (p < 0.05). No significant difference of ruminal methanogens abundances among three treatments was observed. Thiamine supplementation significantly decreased methane production compared with CON, while no significant change was found in HCT compared with HC. CONCLUSION thiamine supplementation in the high-concentrate diet (HC) could efficiently reduce CH4 emissions compared with high-forage diets while without causing ruminal metabolic disorders compared with HC treatment. This study demonstrated that supplementation of proper thiamine in concentrate diets could be an effective nutritional strategy to decrease CH4 production in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuguang Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (F.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (D.H.); (F.S.); (L.Y.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition/Engineering Research Center of Feed Development, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Yue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (F.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (D.H.); (F.S.); (L.Y.)
| | - Yiguang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (F.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (D.H.); (F.S.); (L.Y.)
| | - Xuemei Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (F.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (D.H.); (F.S.); (L.Y.)
| | - Dengke Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (F.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (D.H.); (F.S.); (L.Y.)
| | - Fuyu Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (F.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (D.H.); (F.S.); (L.Y.)
| | - Liang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (F.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (D.H.); (F.S.); (L.Y.)
| | - Linshu Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Dairy Cow Nutrition, Beijing University of Agriculture, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Benhai Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China; (F.X.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (X.N.); (D.H.); (F.S.); (L.Y.)
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Metagenomic Insights into Effects of Thiamine Supplementation on Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes' Profile in Dairy Cows Fed High-Concentrate Diets. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10020304. [PMID: 32074983 PMCID: PMC7070242 DOI: 10.3390/ani10020304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
As the co-enzyme of pyruvate formate-lyase under ruminal anaerobic condition, thiamine plays a critical role in carbohydrate metabolism in dairy cows. The objective of this study was to investigate the impacts of thiamine supplementation on ruminal carbohydrate-active enzymes. Twelve Holstein dairy cows were randomly assigned into three dietary treatments: control diet (CON; 20% starch, dry matter (DM) basis), high-concentrate diet (HC; 33.2% starch, DM basis) and a high-concentrate diet supplemented with 180 mg thiamine/kg DM (HCT; 33.2% starch, DM basis). Dry matter intake and milk production were recorded for 21 days. Rumen fluid samples were collected, and ruminal pH and volatile fatty acids (VFAs) were measured. The metagenome sequencing technique was used to detect the genes in ruminal microorganisms and identify putative carbohydrate-active enzymes. The total abundances of carbohydrate-active enzymes and fiber-degrading enzymes were both reduced by HC with no effect on starch-degrading enzymes compared with CON. However, the fiber-degrading enzymes and starch-degrading enzymes were both increased after thiamine supplementation. These results indicated that 180 mg thiamine /kg DM might effectively improve rumen carbohydrate metabolism through increasing the abundance of ruminal carbohydrate-active enzymes and consequently balanced the rumen volatile fatty acids and rumen pH, providing a practical strategy in preventing subacute ruminal acidosis in cows offered HC.
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Characterization of Anaerobic Rumen Fungal Community Composition in Yak, Tibetan Sheep and Small Tail Han Sheep Grazing on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10010144. [PMID: 31963125 PMCID: PMC7023293 DOI: 10.3390/ani10010144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 01/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Anaerobic rumen fungi play a vital role in fiber degradation. The objective of this study was to compare the anaerobic rumen fungal communities of full grazing ruminants in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Our results showed that the anaerobic rumen fungal community was affected by host species and the dynamic associations of them were host specific. This is the first study exploring the anaerobic rumen fungi in the full-grazing ruminants, which could lay a solid foundation to really identify fiber degradation fungal taxa using culture-dependent techniques in the future. Abstract The anaerobic rumen fungal community play a critical role in fibrous material degradation. However, there is a lack of data describing the composition of anaerobic rumen fungal community of full grazing ruminants in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. For this reason, we employed the next-generation sequencing technique to elucidate the rumen fungal structure composition and evaluate the effects of host species on fungal communities. Community comparisons (Bray–Curtis index) between yak and Tibetan sheep revealed that the rumen fungal community was affected by host species (p < 0.05). The alpha diversity indices in the yak were significantly higher than in the Tibetan sheep and Small Tail Han sheep. Neocallimastigomycota was predominant regardless of host species. Within this phylum, unidentified genus of Neocallimastigaceae was the most dominant in all samples, followed by Piromyces and Orpinomyces. Moreover, the shared and unique OTUs in the rumen were identified and most of them belonged to the Orpinomyces. Co-occurrence network analysis identified that each animal species had their own keystone species and most of them were non-dominant flora. Our data indicate that host breeds override living environment as the key factor that determines fungal community in the rumen of grazing ruminants in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau.
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Teklebrhan T, Wang R, Wang M, Wen JN, Tan LW, Zhang XM, Ma ZY, Tan ZL. Effect of dietary corn gluten inclusion on rumen fermentation, microbiota and methane emissions in goats. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2019.114314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Metagenomic insights into effects of thiamine supplementation on ruminal non-methanogen archaea in high-concentrate diets feeding dairy cows. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:7. [PMID: 30606162 PMCID: PMC6318914 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-018-1745-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Overfeeding of high-concentrate diet (HC) frequently leads to subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in modern dairy cows’ production. Thiamine supplementation has been confirmed to attenuate HC induced SARA by increasing ruminal pH and ratio of acetate to propionate, and decreasing rumen lactate, biogenic amines and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). The effects of thiamine supplementation in HC on rumen bacteria and fungi profile had been detected in our previous studies, however, effects of thiamine supplementation in HC on rumen non-methanogen archaea is still unclear. The objective of the present study was therefore to investigate the effects of thiamine supplementation on ruminal archaea, especially non-methanogens in HC induced SARA cows. Results HC feeding significantly decreased dry matter intake, milk production, milk fat content, ruminal pH and the concentrations of thiamine and acetate in rumen fluid compared with control diet (CON) (P < 0.05), while the concentrations of propionate and ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N) were significantly increased compared with CON (P < 0.05). These changes caused by HC were inversed by thiamine supplementation (P < 0.05). The taxonomy results showed that ruminal archaea ranged from 0.37 to 0.47% of the whole microbiota. Four characterized phyla, a number of Candidatus archaea and almost 660 species were identified in the present study. In which Euryarchaeota occupied the largest proportion of the whole archaea. Furthermore, thiamine supplementation treatment significantly increased the relative abundance of non-methanogens compared with CON and HC treatments. Thaumarchaeota was increased in HC compared with CON. Thiamine supplementation significantly increased Crenarchaeota, Nanoarchaeota and the Candidatus phyla, however decreased Thaumarchaeota compared with HC treatment. Conclusions HC feeding significantly decreased ruminal pH and increased the content of NH3-N which led to N loss and the increase of the relative abundance of Thaumarchaeota. Thiamine supplementation increased ruminal pH, improved the activity of ammonia utilizing bacteria, and decreased Thaumarchaeota abundance to reduce the ruminal NH3 content and finally reduced N loss. Overall, these findings contributed to the understanding of thiamine’s function in dairy cows and provided new strategies to improve dairy cows’ health under high-concentrate feeding regime. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12917-018-1745-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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