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Hassan PB, Mohammed Ameen SS, Mohammed L, Muhammed Ameen SM, Omer KM. Enhanced antibacterial activity of a novel silver-based metal organic framework towards multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumonia. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2024; 6:3801-3808. [PMID: 39050964 PMCID: PMC11265599 DOI: 10.1039/d4na00037d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The growth and spread of multidrug-resistant bacterial species, such as Klebsiella pneumoniae, pose a serious threat to human health and require the development of innovative antibacterial agents. The search for an acceptable, safe, and efficient antibacterial is a matter of significant concern. In the present work, silver-based metal-organic frameworks (Ag-MOFs) showed efficient antibacterial activity against multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae (KBP 11) with a minimum inhibitory concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration of 10 μg mL-1. Moreover, the Ag-MOF showed enhanced antibacterial activity compared to silver ions and silver nanoparticles. Our experimental investigation showed that the antibacterial efficacy is attributed to the production of reactive oxygen species and the release of cellular constituents, such as K+ ions and proteins. The MOF scaffold enhances the stability and controlled release of silver ions, enabling sustained antibacterial activity and minimizing the risk of bacterial resistance development. Additionally, the MOF class, due to the high surface area and porous nature, enhances the transfer of bacteria into and on the surface of the MOF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Payam B Hassan
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Sulaymaniyah 46002 Kurdistan Region Iraq
| | | | - Lana Mohammed
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Health and Medical Technology, Sulaimani Polytechnic University Sulaymaniyah Iraq
| | - Sirwan M Muhammed Ameen
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Sulaymaniyah 46002 Kurdistan Region Iraq
| | - Khalid M Omer
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Qliasan St. 46002 Sulaymaniyah Kurdistan Region Iraq
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Reuben RC, Torres C. Bacteriocins: potentials and prospects in health and agrifood systems. Arch Microbiol 2024; 206:233. [PMID: 38662051 PMCID: PMC11045635 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-024-03948-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Bacteriocins are highly diverse, abundant, and heterogeneous antimicrobial peptides that are ribosomally synthesized by bacteria and archaea. Since their discovery about a century ago, there has been a growing interest in bacteriocin research and applications. This is mainly due to their high antimicrobial properties, narrow or broad spectrum of activity, specificity, low cytotoxicity, and stability. Though initially used to improve food quality and safety, bacteriocins are now globally exploited for innovative applications in human, animal, and food systems as sustainable alternatives to antibiotics. Bacteriocins have the potential to beneficially modulate microbiota, providing viable microbiome-based solutions for the treatment, management, and non-invasive bio-diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious diseases. The use of bacteriocins holds great promise in the modulation of food microbiomes, antimicrobial food packaging, bio-sanitizers and antibiofilm, pre/post-harvest biocontrol, functional food, growth promotion, and sustainable aquaculture. This can undoubtedly improve food security, safety, and quality globally. This review highlights the current trends in bacteriocin research, especially the increasing research outputs and funding, which we believe may proportionate the soaring global interest in bacteriocins. The use of cutting-edge technologies, such as bioengineering, can further enhance the exploitation of bacteriocins for innovative applications in human, animal, and food systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rine Christopher Reuben
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, OneHealth-UR Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006, Logroño, Spain.
| | - Carmen Torres
- Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, OneHealth-UR Research Group, University of La Rioja, 26006, Logroño, Spain
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Lee H, Yu SH, Shim JE, Yong D. Use of a combined antibacterial synergy approach and the ANNOgesic tool to identify novel targets within the gene networks of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. mSystems 2024; 9:e0087723. [PMID: 38349171 PMCID: PMC10949472 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00877-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the 1980s, the development of new drug classes for the treatment of multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae has become limited, highlighting the urgent need for novel antibiotics. To address this challenge, this study aimed to explore the synergistic interactions between chemical compounds and representative antibiotics, such as carbapenem and colistin. The primary objective of this study was not only to mitigate the adverse impact of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae on public health but also to establish a sustainable balance among humans, animals, and the environment. Phenotypical measurements were conducted using the broth microdilution technique to determine the drug sensitivity of bacterial strains. Additionally, a genotypical approach was employed, involving traditional RNA sequencing analysis to identify differentially expressed genes and the computational ANNOgesic tool to detect noncoding RNAs. This study revealed the existence of various pathways and regulatory RNA elements that form a functional network. These pathways, characterized by the expression of specific genes, contribute to the combined treatment effect and bacterial survival strategies. The connections between pathways are facilitated by regulatory RNA elements that respond to environmental changes. These findings suggest an adaptive response of bacteria to harsh environmental conditions.IMPORTANCENoncoding RNAs were identified as key players in post-transcriptional regulation. Moreover, this study predicted the presence of novel small regulatory RNAs that interact with target genes, as well as the involvement of riboswitches and RNA thermometers in conjunction with associated genes. These findings will contribute to the discovery of potential antimicrobial therapeutic candidates. Overall, this study offers valuable insights into the synergistic effects of chemical compounds and antibiotics, highlighting the role of regulatory RNA elements in bacterial response, and survival strategies. The identification of novel noncoding RNAs and their interactions with target genes, riboswitches, and RNA thermometers holds promise for the development of antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunsook Lee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sung-Huan Yu
- Institute of Precision Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Jung Eun Shim
- Bioinformatics Collaboration Unit, Yonsei Biomedical Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dongeun Yong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Research Institute of Bacterial Resistance, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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Sherif M, Abera D, Desta K. Prevalence and antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria from sepsis suspected neonates at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. BMC Pediatr 2023; 23:575. [PMID: 37980512 PMCID: PMC10656775 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04399-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neonatal sepsis is the major cause of neonatal mortality and morbidity, especially in low and middle-income countries. Continuous monitoring of pathogens and their antibiotic resistance pattern is crucial for managing neonatal sepsis. This study aimed to determine neonatal sepsis due to bacteria, antibiotic resistance patterns, associated risk factors and patient outcomes at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College. METHOD An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 400 neonates suspected of sepsis at St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College from March 2020 to July 2020. A questionnaire was used to collect socio-demographic information, clinical parameters and potential risk factors from study participants. About 2ml of blood was drawn aseptically and inoculated into Tryptone Soya Broth at the patient's bedside. Bacterial identification was performed by using standard microbiological techniques. The disk diffusion method was used to determine the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of each isolated bacteria. Data entry and analysis were done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20 software. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess associated risk factors of neonatal sepsis. A p-value less than 0.05 was considered statically significant with a 95% confidence interval. RESULTS The overall prevalence of neonatal septicemia was 21% (84/400). Of these, 67 (79.8%) and 17 (20.2%) were gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, respectively. Klebsiella spp, 37 (44%), E. coli 19 (21.6%) and Coagulase negative Staphylococci 13 (15.47%) were the leading cause of neonatal sepsis. Ciprofloxacin and amikacin were the most effective antibiotics for gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria. Multidrug resistance was observed in 84% of the bacterial isolates. Low birth weight and preterm were associated with neonatal septicemia (AOR = 49.90, 95% CI = 15.14-123.081, P = 0.002) and (AOR = 18.20, 95% CI = 6.835-27.541, P = 0.004) respectively. CONCLUSION Klebsiella spp and E. coli were frequently isolated bacteria in our study. The proportion of multidrug-resistance was significantly high. Most isolated bacteria were resistant to ampicillin, ceftazidime, cefotaxime and gentamycin, which indicates the necessity of continuous evaluation of antibiotic resistance rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merema Sherif
- St Paul hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Dessie Abera
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
| | - Kassu Desta
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Grubwieser P, Hilbe R, Gehrer CM, Grander M, Brigo N, Hoffmann A, Seifert M, Berger S, Theurl I, Nairz M, Weiss G. Klebsiella pneumoniae manipulates human macrophages to acquire iron. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1223113. [PMID: 37637102 PMCID: PMC10451090 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1223113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections, such as pneumonia. Moreover, it is classified as a pathogen of concern due to sprawling anti-microbial resistance. During infection, the gram-negative pathogen is capable of establishing an intracellular niche in macrophages by altering cellular metabolism. One factor critically affecting the host-pathogen interaction is the availability of essential nutrients, like iron, which is required for KP to proliferate but which also modulates anti-microbial immune effector pathways. We hypothesized, that KP manipulates macrophage iron homeostasis to acquire this crucial nutrient for sustained proliferation. Methods We applied an in-vitro infection model, in which human macrophage-like PMA-differentiated THP1 cells were infected with KP (strain ATCC 43816). During a 24-h course of infection, we quantified the number of intracellular bacteria via serial plating of cell lysates and evaluated the effects of different stimuli on intracellular bacterial numbers and iron acquisition. Furthermore, we analyzed host and pathogen specific gene and protein expression of key iron metabolism molecules. Results Viable bacteria are recovered from macrophage cell lysates during the course of infection, indicative of persistence of bacteria within host cells and inefficient pathogen clearing by macrophages. Strikingly, following KP infection macrophages strongly induce the expression of the main cellular iron importer transferrin-receptor-1 (TFR1). Accordingly, intracellular KP proliferation is further augmented by the addition of iron loaded transferrin. The induction of TFR1 is mediated via the STAT-6-IL-10 axis, and pharmacological inhibition of this pathway reduces macrophage iron uptake, elicits bacterial iron starvation, and decreases bacterial survival. Conclusion Our results suggest, that KP manipulates macrophage iron metabolism to acquire iron once confined inside the host cell and enforces intracellular bacterial persistence. This is facilitated by microbial mediated induction of TFR1 via the STAT-6-IL-10 axis. Mechanistic insights into immune metabolism will provide opportunities for the development of novel antimicrobial therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Grubwieser
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Richard Hilbe
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Clemens Michael Gehrer
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manuel Grander
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Natascha Brigo
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Alexander Hoffmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Markus Seifert
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Sylvia Berger
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Igor Theurl
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Manfred Nairz
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Günter Weiss
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Infectious Diseases, Immunology, Rheumatology, Pulmonology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Iron Metabolism and Anemia Research, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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Villalva C, Patil G, Narayanan S, Chanda D, Ghimire R, Snider T, Ramachandran A, Channappanavar R, More S. Klebsiella pneumoniae C o-infection Leads to Fatal Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-2-infected Mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.07.28.551035. [PMID: 37577517 PMCID: PMC10418095 DOI: 10.1101/2023.07.28.551035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 patients have been reported to have high rates of secondary Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. Klebsiella pneumoniae is a commensal that is typically found in the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts. However, it can cause severe disease when a person's immune system is compromised. Despite a high number of K. pneumoniae cases reported in SARS-CoV-2 patients, a co-infection animal model evaluating the pathogenesis is not available. We describe a mouse model to study disease pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2 and K. pneumoniae co-infection. BALB/cJ mice were inoculated with mouse-adapted SARS-CoV-2 followed by a challenge with K. pneumoniae . Mice were monitored for body weight change, clinical signs, and survival during infection. The bacterial load, viral titers, immune cell accumulation and phenotype, and histopathology were evaluated in the lungs. The co-infected mice showed severe clinical disease and a higher mortality rate within 48 h of K. pneumoniae infection. The co-infected mice had significantly elevated bacterial load in the lungs, however, viral loads were similar between co-infected and single-infected mice. Histopathology of co-infected mice showed severe bronchointerstitial pneumonia with copious intralesional bacteria. Flow cytometry analysis showed significantly higher numbers of neutrophils and macrophages in the lungs. Collectively, our results demonstrated that co-infection of SARS-CoV-2 with K. pneumoniae causes severe disease with increased mortality in mice.
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Zaki BM, Hussein AH, Hakim TA, Fayez MS, El-Shibiny A. Phages for treatment of Klebsiella pneumoniae infections. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2023; 200:207-239. [PMID: 37739556 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2023.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen involved in both hospital- and community-acquired infections. K. pneumoniae is associated with various infections, including pneumonia, septicemia, meningitis, urinary tract infection, and surgical wound infection. K. pneumoniae possesses serious virulence, biofilm formation ability, and severe resistance to many antibiotics especially hospital-acquired strains, due to excessive use in healthcare systems. This limits the available effective antibiotics that can be used for patients suffering from K. pneumoniae infections; therefore, alternative treatments are urgently needed. Bacteriophages (for short, phages) are prokaryotic viruses capable of infecting, replicating, and then lysing (lytic phages) the bacterial host. Phage therapy exhibited great potential for treating multidrug-resistant bacterial infections comprising K. pneumoniae. Hence, this chapter emphasizes and summarizes the research articles in the PubMed database from 1948 until the 15th of December 2022, addressing phage therapy against K. pneumoniae. The chapter provides an overview of K. pneumoniae phages covering different aspects, including phage isolation, different morphotypes of isolated phages, in vitro characterization, anti-biofilm activity, various therapeutic forms, in vivo research and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishoy Maher Zaki
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt; Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), Giza, Egypt
| | - Assmaa H Hussein
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Toka A Hakim
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S Fayez
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ayman El-Shibiny
- Center for Microbiology and Phage Therapy, Zewail City of Science and Technology, Giza, Egypt; Faculty of Environmental Agricultural Sciences, Arish University, Arish, Egypt.
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Shen M, Chen X, He J, Xiong L, Tian R, Yang G, Zha H, Wu K. Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns, Sequence Types, Virulence and Carbapenemase Genes of Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates from a Tertiary Care Teaching Hospital in Zunyi, China. Infect Drug Resist 2023; 16:637-649. [PMID: 36743338 PMCID: PMC9893843 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s398304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CRKP) has seriously threatened public health worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial resistance patterns, sequence types (STs), virulence and carbapenemase genes of CRKP isolates from patients in Zunyi, China. Methods CRKP isolates were collected from the First People's Hospital of Zunyi between January 2018 and December 2020. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using a VITEK®2 analyzer and confirmed using either the broth dilution method, Kirby-Bauer method, or E-test assays. Carbapenemase production was examined using a modified carbapenem inactivation method. STs of the studied isolates were determined by multilocus sequence typing, and the presence of carbapenemase and virulence genes was examined using polymerase chain reaction assays. Results In total, 94 CRKP isolates were collected. All studied isolates produced carbapenemase, and the most common carbapenemase gene was New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase (NDM; 72.3%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC; 24.5%), and Verona integron-encoded metallo-β-lactamase (VIM; 3.2%). Of the studied isolates, 74.3% exhibited multidrug-resistant (MDR) phenotype, and 25.7% were either pandrug-resistant (PDR) or extensively drug-resistant (XDR) phenotypes. The most prevalent sequence type was ST2407 (37.2%), followed by ST76 (21.3%) and ST11 (11.7%). The NDM gene was present in 97.1% of ST2407 isolates and 90.0% of ST76 isolates, whereas the KPC gene was present in 90.9% of ST11 isolates. The majority of the isolates carried wabG, uge, and fimH virulence genes, with prevalence rates of 94.7%, 92.6%, and 94.7%, respectively. Conclusion This study describes NDM-producing ST2407 and ST76, as well as KPC-producing ST11, as the major clonal types of CRKP isolates in Zunyi, China. All CRKP isolates were resistant to multiple types of antibiotics, and the majority of isolates carried carbapenemase and virulence genes. Clonal spread of NDM-producing CRKP ST2407 and ST76, and KPC-producing CRKP ST11 should be strictly monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijing Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xianghao Chen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingyue He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Xiong
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Rengui Tian
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guangwu Yang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - He Zha
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kaifeng Wu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Kaifeng Wu; He Zha, Department of Laboratory Medicine, the First People’s Hospital of Zunyi (The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University), Zunyi, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
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Zhang F, Zhou Y, Ding J. The current landscape of microRNAs (miRNAs) in bacterial pneumonia: opportunities and challenges. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2022; 27:70. [PMID: 35986232 PMCID: PMC9392286 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-022-00368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which were initially discovered in Caenorhabditis elegans, can regulate gene expression by recognizing cognate sequences and interfering with the transcriptional or translational machinery. The application of bioinformatics tools for structural analysis and target prediction has largely driven the investigation of certain miRNAs. Notably, it has been found that certain miRNAs which are widely involved in the inflammatory response and immune regulation are closely associated with the occurrence, development, and outcome of bacterial pneumonia. It has been shown that certain miRNA techniques can be used to identify related targets and explore associated signal transduction pathways. This enhances the understanding of bacterial pneumonia, notably for “refractory” or drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia. Although these miRNA-based methods may provide a basis for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease, they still face various challenges, such as low sensitivity, poor specificity, low silencing efficiency, off-target effects, and toxic reactions. The opportunities and challenges of these methods have been completely reviewed, notably in bacterial pneumonia. With the continuous improvement of the current technology, the miRNA-based methods may surmount the aforementioned limitations, providing promising support for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of “refractory” or drug-resistant bacterial pneumonia.
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Shrestha R, Luterbach CL, Dai W, Komarow L, Earley M, Weston G, Herc E, Jacob JT, Salata R, Wong D, Anderson D, Rydell KB, Arias CA, Chen L, van Duin D. Characteristics of community-acquired carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales. J Antimicrob Chemother 2022; 77:2763-2771. [PMID: 36179278 PMCID: PMC9989732 DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkac239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Community-acquired carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CA-CRE) are an important threat. METHODS In CRACKLE-2, we defined patients with CA-CRE as admitted from home, without pre-existing conditions, and a positive culture within 48 h of admission. Healthcare-associated CRE (HA-CRE) were those with the lowest likelihood of community acquisition, not admitted from home and cultured >48 h after admission. Specific genetic markers in carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae were evaluated through random forest modelling. RESULTS CA-CRE and HA-CRE were detected in 83 (10%) and 208 (26%) of 807 patients. No significant differences were observed in bacterial species or strain type distribution. K. pneumoniae (204/291, 70%) was the most common CRE species, of these 184/204 (90%) were carbapenemase producers (CPKP). The top three genetic markers in random forest models were kpi_SA15, fimE, and kpfC. Of these, kpi_SA15 (which encodes a chaperone/usher system) was positively associated (OR 3.14, 95% CI 1.13-8.87, P = 0.026), and kpfC negatively associated (OR 0.21, 95% CI 0.05-0.72, P = 0.015) with CA-CPKP. CONCLUSIONS Ten percent of CDC-defined CRE were CA. The true proportion of CA-CRE in hospitalized patients is likely lower as patients may have had unrecorded prior healthcare exposure. The kpi_SA15 operon was associated with the CA phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rima Shrestha
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Courtney L Luterbach
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
| | - Weixiao Dai
- The Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Lauren Komarow
- The Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Michelle Earley
- The Biostatistics Center, The George Washington University, Rockville, Maryland, USA
| | - Gregory Weston
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Erica Herc
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Jesse T Jacob
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Emory Antibiotic Resistance Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Robert Salata
- Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Darren Wong
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Deverick Anderson
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Duke University, School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina, USA
- Duke Center for Antimicrobial Stewardship and Infection Prevention, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Kirsten B Rydell
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Cesar A Arias
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
- Center for Infectious Diseases Research at Houston Methodist Research Institute and Weill Cornell Medical College, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Liang Chen
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - David van Duin
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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Mohamed H, Marusich E, Afanasev Y, Leonov S. Bacterial Outer Membrane Permeability Increase Underlies the Bactericidal Effect of Fatty Acids From Hermetia illucens (Black Soldier Fly) Larvae Fat Against Hypermucoviscous Isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:844811. [PMID: 35602017 PMCID: PMC9121012 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.844811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Behind expensive treatments, Klebsiella pneumoniae infections account for extended hospitalization’s high mortality rates. This study aimed to evaluate the activity and mechanism of the antimicrobial action of a fatty acid-containing extract (AWME3) isolated from Hermetia illucens (HI) larvae fat against K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae standard NDM-1 carbapenemase-producing ATCC BAA-2473 strain, along with a wild-type hypermucoviscous clinical isolate, strain K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae KPi1627, and an environmental isolate, strain K. pneumoniae subsp. pneumoniae KPM9. We classified these strains as extensive multidrug-resistant (XDR) or multiple antibiotic-resistant (MDR) demonstrated by a susceptibility assay against 14 antibiotics belonging to ten classes of antibiotics. Antibacterial properties of fatty acids extracted from the HI larvae fat were evaluated using disk diffusion method, microdilution, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), half of the inhibitory concentration (MIC50), and bactericidal assays. In addition, the cytotoxocity of AWME3 was tested on human HEK293 cells, and AWME3 lipid profile was determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. For the first time, we demonstrated that the inhibition zone diameter (IZD) of fatty acid-containing extract (AWME3) of the HI larvae fat tested at 20 mg/ml was 16.52 ± 0.74 and 14.23 ± 0.35 mm against colistin-resistant KPi1627 and KPM9, respectively. It was 19.72 ± 0.51 mm against the colistin-susceptible K. pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2473 strain. The MIC and MBC were 250 μg/ml for all the tested bacteria strains, indicating the bactericidal effect of AWME3. The MIC50 values were 155.6 ± 0.009 and 160.1 ± 0.008 μg/ml against the KPi1627 and KPM9 isolates, respectively, and 149.5 ± 0.013 μg/ml against the ATCC BAA-2473 strain in the micro-dilution assay. For the first time, we demonstrated that AWME3 dose-dependently increased bacterial cell membrane permeability as determined by the relative electric conductivity (REC) of the K. pneumoniae ATCC BAA-2473 suspension, and that none of the strains did not build up resistance to extended AWME3 treatment using the antibiotic resistance assay. Cytotoxicity assay showed that AWME3 is safe for human HEK293 cells at IC50 266.1 μg/ml, while bactericidal for all the strains of bacteria at the same concentration. Free fatty acids (FFAs) and their derivatives were the significant substances among 33 compounds identified by the GC-MS analysis of AWME3. Cis-oleic and palmitoleic acids represent the most abundant unsaturated FAs (UFAs), while palmitic, lauric, stearic, and myristic acids were the most abundant saturated FAs (SFAs) of the AWME3 content. Bactericidal resistant-free AWM3 mechanism of action provides a rationale interpretations and the utility of HI larvae fat to develop natural biocidal resistance-free formulations that might be promising therapeutic against Gram-negative MDR bacteria causing nosocomial infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heakal Mohamed
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Elena Marusich
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- *Correspondence: Elena Marusich,
| | - Yuriy Afanasev
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Sergey Leonov
- School of Biological and Medical Physics, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Institute of Cell Biophysics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Sergey Leonov,
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Mohd Asri NA, Ahmad S, Mohamud R, Mohd Hanafi N, Mohd Zaidi NF, Irekeola AA, Shueb RH, Yee LC, Mohd Noor N, Mustafa FH, Yean CY, Yusof NY. Global Prevalence of Nosocomial Multidrug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:1508. [PMID: 34943720 PMCID: PMC8698758 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10121508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of nosocomial multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is an escalating public health threat worldwide. The prevalence of nosocomial infections due to K. pneumoniae was recorded up to 10%. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, which were conducted according to the guidelines of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis, 1092 articles were screened from four databases of which 47 studies fulfilled the selected criteria. By performing a random-effect model, the pooled prevalence of nosocomial multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae was estimated at 32.8% (95% CI, 23.6-43.6), with high heterogeneity (I2 98.29%, p-value < 0.001). The estimated prevalence of this pathogen and a few related studies were discussed, raising awareness of the spread of multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae in the healthcare setting. The emergence of nosocomial multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae is expected to increase globally in the future, and the best treatments for treating and preventing this pathogen should be acknowledged by healthcare staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Ain Mohd Asri
- Health Campus, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; (N.A.M.A.); (N.F.M.Z.); (F.H.M.)
- Department of Plant Sciences, Kuliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia;
| | - Suhana Ahmad
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; (S.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Rohimah Mohamud
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; (S.A.); (R.M.)
| | - Nurmardhiah Mohd Hanafi
- Department of Plant Sciences, Kuliyyah of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Malaysia;
| | - Nur Fatihah Mohd Zaidi
- Health Campus, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; (N.A.M.A.); (N.F.M.Z.); (F.H.M.)
| | - Ahmad Adebayo Irekeola
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; (A.A.I.); (R.H.S.)
| | - Rafidah Hanim Shueb
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; (A.A.I.); (R.H.S.)
| | - Leow Chiuan Yee
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Glugor 11800, Malaysia;
| | - Norhayati Mohd Noor
- Department of Family Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia;
| | - Fatin Hamimi Mustafa
- Health Campus, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; (N.A.M.A.); (N.F.M.Z.); (F.H.M.)
| | - Chan Yean Yean
- Health Campus, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; (N.A.M.A.); (N.F.M.Z.); (F.H.M.)
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; (A.A.I.); (R.H.S.)
| | - Nik Yusnoraini Yusof
- Health Campus, Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Malaysia; (N.A.M.A.); (N.F.M.Z.); (F.H.M.)
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Isolation and Identification of a Wastewater Siphoviridae Bacteriophage Targeting Multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae. Jundishapur J Microbiol 2021. [DOI: 10.5812/jjm.118910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Based on the WHO, multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae is a priority pathogen that causes opportunistic infections and is widely spread in the environment. Phage therapy is considered a natural, safe, and very efficient alternative to treat difficult-to-treat infections. Objectives: This study aimed to isolate highly virulent, lytic bacteriophages and evaluate their efficacy for lysing multidrug-resistant K. pneumoniae. Methods: Municipal wastewater samples were collected and filtered using 0.22 µm syringe filters and cultivated with log-phase cultures of K. pneumoniae using enrichment media. After 48 h of incubation, the cultures were centrifuged, and the resultant supernatant was filtered (0.22 µm). The detection of the phage was done using the spot assay with K. pneumoniae as the host. One-step growth kinetics and bacterial reduction tests were conducted to assess the growth kinetics of the isolated phage. The stability of the isolated phage was characterized by subjecting it to various temperature and pH conditions. The chemical stability of the K. pneumoniae phage was determined by exposing it to various organic compounds. A panel of 20 bacterial strains was tested using the spot assay, as well as double agar overlying assay, to determine the host range of the isolated phage. Results: Out of 40 wastewater samples tested, only one sample was tested positive for the K. pneumoniae phage (2.5%) that was lytic against the host strain. The K. pneumoniae phage had a latent period of 15 min and a burst size of 100 virions per infected cell. It was most stable at 37°C and pH range of 6.0 to 10.0. Chemically, the K. pneumoniae phage was resistant to 10% chloroform treatment. Transmission electron micrograph indicated that the K. pneumoniae phage belonged to the order Caudovirales, family Siphoviridae, morphotype B1. Conclusions: Most of the characteristic features of the K. pneumoniae phage indicated the potential of this phage to be used in phage therapy. Hence, a comprehensive study is highly recommended to characterize the K. pneumoniae phage genome, detect its molecular interactions with the host cell, and determine its lytic activity in combination with other phages, which may lead to the efficient utilization of this phage in phage therapy against K. pneumoniae infections.
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