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Piell KM, Poulton CC, Stanley CG, Schultz DJ, Klinge CM. Integrated Metabolomics and Transcriptomics Analysis of Anacardic Acid Inhibition of Breast Cancer Cell Viability. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7044. [PMID: 39000156 PMCID: PMC11241071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Anacardic acid (AnAc) inhibits the growth of estrogen receptor α (ERα)-positive MCF-7 breast cancer (BC) cells and MDA-MB-231 triple-negative BC (TNBC) cells, without affecting primary breast epithelial cells. RNA sequencing (seq) and network analysis of AnAc-treated MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells suggested that AnAc inhibited lipid biosynthesis and increased endoplasmic reticulum stress. To investigate the impact of AnAc on cellular metabolism, a comprehensive untargeted metabolomics analysis was performed in five independent replicates of control versus AnAc-treated MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells and additional TNBC cell lines: MDA-MB-468, BT-20, and HCC1806. An analysis of the global metabolome identified key metabolic differences between control and AnAc-treated within each BC cell line and between MCF-7 and the TNBC cell lines as well as metabolic diversity among the four TNBC cell lines, reflecting TNBC heterogeneity. AnAc-regulated metabolites were involved in alanine, aspartate, glutamate, and glutathione metabolism; the pentose phosphate pathway; and the citric acid cycle. Integration of the transcriptome and metabolome data for MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 identified Signal transduction: mTORC1 downstream signaling in both cell lines and additional cell-specific pathways. Together, these data suggest that AnAc treatment differentially alters multiple pools of cellular building blocks, nutrients, and transcripts resulting in reduced BC cell viability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kellianne M Piell
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Claire C Poulton
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Christian G Stanley
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - David J Schultz
- Department of Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
| | - Carolyn M Klinge
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40292, USA
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2
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Das C, Bhattacharya A, Adhikari S, Mondal A, Mondal P, Adhikary S, Roy S, Ramos K, Yadav KK, Tainer JA, Pandita TK. A prismatic view of the epigenetic-metabolic regulatory axis in breast cancer therapy resistance. Oncogene 2024; 43:1727-1741. [PMID: 38719949 PMCID: PMC11161412 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-024-03054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Epigenetic regulation established during development to maintain patterns of transcriptional expression and silencing for metabolism and other fundamental cell processes can be reprogrammed in cancer, providing a molecular mechanism for persistent alterations in phenotype. Metabolic deregulation and reprogramming are thus an emerging hallmark of cancer with opportunities for molecular classification as a critical preliminary step for precision therapeutic intervention. Yet, acquisition of therapy resistance against most conventional treatment regimens coupled with tumor relapse, continue to pose unsolved problems for precision healthcare, as exemplified in breast cancer where existing data informs both cancer genotype and phenotype. Furthermore, epigenetic reprograming of the metabolic milieu of cancer cells is among the most crucial determinants of therapeutic resistance and cancer relapse. Importantly, subtype-specific epigenetic-metabolic interplay profoundly affects malignant transformation, resistance to chemotherapy, and response to targeted therapies. In this review, we therefore prismatically dissect interconnected epigenetic and metabolic regulatory pathways and then integrate them into an observable cancer metabolism-therapy-resistance axis that may inform clinical intervention. Optimally coupling genome-wide analysis with an understanding of metabolic elements, epigenetic reprogramming, and their integration by metabolic profiling may decode missing molecular mechanisms at the level of individual tumors. The proposed approach of linking metabolic biochemistry back to genotype, epigenetics, and phenotype for specific tumors and their microenvironment may thus enable successful mechanistic targeting of epigenetic modifiers and oncometabolites despite tumor metabolic heterogeneity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chandrima Das
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India.
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| | - Apoorva Bhattacharya
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
| | - Swagata Adhikari
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Atanu Mondal
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Payel Mondal
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Santanu Adhikary
- Biophysics and Structural Genomics Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata, 700064, India
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Siddhartha Roy
- Structural Biology and Bioinformatics Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, Kolkata, 700032, India
| | - Kenneth Ramos
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M University, School of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - Kamlesh K Yadav
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M University, School of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
- School of Engineering Medicine, Texas A&M University, School of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - John A Tainer
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
| | - Tej K Pandita
- Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, Texas A&M University, School of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.
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Shi W, Wang J, Chen J, Jin X, Wang Y, Yang L. Abrogating PDK4 activates autophagy-dependent ferroptosis in breast cancer via ASK1/JNK pathway. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2024; 150:218. [PMID: 38678126 PMCID: PMC11055733 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-024-05748-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting ferroptosis mediated by autophagy presents a novel therapeutic approach to breast cancer, a mortal neoplasm on the global scale. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase isozyme 4 (PDK4) has been denoted as a determinant of breast cancer metabolism. The target of this study was to untangle the functional mechanism of PDK4 in ferroptosis dependent on autophagy in breast cancer. METHODS RT-qPCR and western blotting examined PDK4 mRNA and protein levels in breast cancer cells. Immunofluorescence staining appraised light chain 3 (LC3) expression. Fe (2 +) assay estimated total iron level. Relevant assay kits and C11-BODIPY (591/581) staining evaluated lipid peroxidation level. DCFH-DA staining assayed intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content. Western blotting analyzed the protein levels of autophagy, ferroptosis and apoptosis-signal-regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway-associated proteins. RESULTS PDK4 was highly expressed in breast cancer cells. Knockdown of PDK4 induced the autophagy of breast cancer cells and 3-methyladenine (3-MA), an autophagy inhibitor, countervailed the promoting role of PDK4 interference in ferroptosis in breast cancer cells. Furthermore, PDK4 knockdown activated ASK1/JNK pathway and ASK1 inhibitor (GS-4997) partially abrogated the impacts of PDK4 absence on the autophagy and ferroptosis in breast cancer cells. CONCLUSION To sum up, deficiency of PDK4 activated ASK1/JNK pathway to stimulate autophagy-dependent ferroptosis in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbiao Shi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No.381 Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No.381 Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianbin Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No.381 Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No.381 Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yuanfan Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No.381 Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Linjun Yang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, No.381 Zhongshan East Road, Jiaojiang District, Taizhou City, 318000, Zhejiang Province, China.
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4
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Tao S, Tao K, Cai X. Pan-cancer analysis reveals PDK family as potential indicators related to prognosis and immune infiltration. Sci Rep 2024; 14:5665. [PMID: 38453992 PMCID: PMC10920909 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55455-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases (PDKs) play a key role in glucose metabolism by exerting negative regulation over pyruvate dehyrogenase complex (PDC) activity through phosphorylation. Inhibition of PDKs holds the potential to enhance PDC activity, prompting cells to adopt a more aerobic metabolic profile. Consequently, PDKs emerge as promising targets for condition rooted in metabolic dysregulation, including malignance and diabetes. However, a comprehensive exploration of the distinct contribution of various PDK family members, particularly PDK3, across diverse tumor types remain incomplete. This study undertakes a systematic investigation of PDK family expression patterns, forging association with clinical parameters, using data from the TCGA and GTEx datasets. Survival analysis of PDKs is executed through both Kaplan-Meier analysis and COX regression analysis. Furthermore, the extent of immune infiltration is assessed by leveraging the CIBERSORT algorithm. Our study uncovers pronounced genetic heterogeneity among PDK family members, coupled with discernible clinical characteristic. Significantly, the study establishes the potential utility of PDK family genes as prognostic indicators and as predictors of therapeutic response. Additionally, our study sheds light on the immune infiltration profile of PDK family. The results showed the intimate involvement of these genes in immune-related metrics, including immune scoring, immune subtypes, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, and immune checkpoints expression. In sum, the findings of this study offer insightful strategies to guide the therapeutic direction, aiming at leveraging the impact of PDK family genes in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigui Tao
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Kunlin Tao
- Guiping People's Hospital, Guangxi, China
| | - Xiaoyong Cai
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
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5
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Xu S, Wang L, Zhao Y, Mo T, Wang B, Lin J, Yang H. Metabolism-regulating non-coding RNAs in breast cancer: roles, mechanisms and clinical applications. J Biomed Sci 2024; 31:25. [PMID: 38408962 PMCID: PMC10895768 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-024-01013-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies that pose a serious threat to women's health. Reprogramming of energy metabolism is a major feature of the malignant transformation of breast cancer. Compared to normal cells, tumor cells reprogram metabolic processes more efficiently, converting nutrient supplies into glucose, amino acid and lipid required for malignant proliferation and progression. Non-coding RNAs(ncRNAs) are a class of functional RNA molecules that are not translated into proteins but regulate the expression of target genes. NcRNAs have been demonstrated to be involved in various aspects of energy metabolism, including glycolysis, glutaminolysis, and fatty acid synthesis. This review focuses on the metabolic regulatory mechanisms and clinical applications of metabolism-regulating ncRNAs involved in breast cancer. We summarize the vital roles played by metabolism-regulating ncRNAs for endocrine therapy, targeted therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and radiotherapy resistance in breast cancer, as well as their potential as therapeutic targets and biomarkers. Difficulties and perspectives of current targeted metabolism and non-coding RNA therapeutic strategies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiliang Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxia Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexin Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Mo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, 1055 Sanxiang Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huan Yang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215004, People's Republic of China.
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Tuly KF, Hossen MB, Islam MA, Kibria MK, Alam MS, Harun-Or-Roshid M, Begum AA, Hasan S, Mahumud RA, Mollah MNH. Robust Identification of Differential Gene Expression Patterns from Multiple Transcriptomics Datasets for Early Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapies for Breast Cancer. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1705. [PMID: 37893423 PMCID: PMC10608013 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59101705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Breast cancer (BC) is one of the major causes of cancer-related death in women globally. Proper identification of BC-causing hub genes (HubGs) for prognosis, diagnosis, and therapies at an earlier stage may reduce such death rates. However, most of the previous studies detected HubGs through non-robust statistical approaches that are sensitive to outlying observations. Therefore, the main objectives of this study were to explore BC-causing potential HubGs from robustness viewpoints, highlighting their early prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic performance. Materials and Methods: Integrated robust statistics and bioinformatics methods and databases were used to obtain the required results. Results: We robustly identified 46 common differentially expressed genes (cDEGs) between BC and control samples from three microarrays (GSE26910, GSE42568, and GSE65194) and one scRNA-seq (GSE235168) dataset. Then, we identified eight cDEGs (COL11A1, COL10A1, CD36, ACACB, CD24, PLK1, UBE2C, and PDK4) as the BC-causing HubGs by the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis of cDEGs. The performance of BC and survival probability prediction models with the expressions of HubGs from two independent datasets (GSE45827 and GSE54002) and the TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) database showed that our proposed HubGs might be considered as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers, where two genes, COL11A1 and CD24, exhibit better performance. The expression analysis of HubGs by Box plots with the TCGA database in different stages of BC progression indicated their early diagnosis and prognosis ability. The HubGs set enrichment analysis with GO (Gene ontology) terms and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) pathways disclosed some BC-causing biological processes, molecular functions, and pathways. Finally, we suggested the top-ranked six drug molecules (Suramin, Rifaximin, Telmisartan, Tukysa Tucatinib, Lynparza Olaparib, and TG.02) for the treatment of BC by molecular docking analysis with the proposed HubGs-mediated receptors. Molecular docking analysis results also showed that these drug molecules may inhibit cancer-related post-translational modification (PTM) sites (Succinylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination) of hub proteins. Conclusions: This study's findings might be valuable resources for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapies at an earlier stage of BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khanis Farhana Tuly
- Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (K.F.T.); (M.B.H.); (M.A.I.); (M.K.K.); (M.S.A.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Md. Bayazid Hossen
- Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (K.F.T.); (M.B.H.); (M.A.I.); (M.K.K.); (M.S.A.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Md. Ariful Islam
- Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (K.F.T.); (M.B.H.); (M.A.I.); (M.K.K.); (M.S.A.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Md. Kaderi Kibria
- Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (K.F.T.); (M.B.H.); (M.A.I.); (M.K.K.); (M.S.A.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (A.A.B.)
- Department of Statistics, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science & Technology University, Dinajpur 5200, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shahin Alam
- Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (K.F.T.); (M.B.H.); (M.A.I.); (M.K.K.); (M.S.A.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Md. Harun-Or-Roshid
- Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (K.F.T.); (M.B.H.); (M.A.I.); (M.K.K.); (M.S.A.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Anjuman Ara Begum
- Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (K.F.T.); (M.B.H.); (M.A.I.); (M.K.K.); (M.S.A.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (A.A.B.)
| | - Sohel Hasan
- Molecular and Biomedical Health Science Lab, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh;
| | - Rashidul Alam Mahumud
- NHMRC Clinical Trials Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2006, Australia;
| | - Md. Nurul Haque Mollah
- Bioinformatics Lab, Department of Statistics, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi 6205, Bangladesh; (K.F.T.); (M.B.H.); (M.A.I.); (M.K.K.); (M.S.A.); (M.H.-O.-R.); (A.A.B.)
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7
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Feng J, Wang L, Zhang K, Ni S, Li B, Liu J, Wang D. Identification and panoramic analysis of drug response-related genes in triple negative breast cancer using as an example NVP-BEZ235. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5984. [PMID: 37045929 PMCID: PMC10097725 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32757-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Taking NVP-BEZ235 (BEZ235) as an example to screen drug response-related genes (DRRGs) and explore their potential value in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Through high-throughput technique, multidimensional transcriptome expression data (mRNA, miRNA and lncRNA) of BEZ235-treated and -untreated MDA-MB-468 cell lines were obtained. Combined with transcriptome data of the MDA-MB-468 cells and TCGA-TNBC tissues, differential gene expression analysis and WGCNA were performed to identify DRRGs associated with tumor trait by simulating the drug response microenvironment (DRM) of BEZ235-treated patients. Based on DRRGs, we constructed a ceRNA network and verified the expression levels of three key molecules by RT-qPCR, which not only demonstrated the successful construction of a BEZ235-treated cell line model but also explained the antitumor mechanism of BEZ235. Four molecular subtypes related to the DRM with survival difference were proposed using cluster analysis, namely glycolysis subtype, proliferation depression subtype, immune-suppressed subtype, and immune-activated subtype. A novel prognostic signature consisting of four DRRGs was established by Lasso-Cox analysis, which exhibited outstanding performance in predicting overall survival compared with several excellent reported signatures. The high- and low-risk groups were characterized by enrichment of metabolism-related pathways and immune-related pathways, respectively. Of note, the low-risk group had a better response to immune checkpoint blockade. Besides, pRRophetic analysis found that patients in the low-risk group were more sensitive to methotrexate and cisplation, whereas more resistant to BEZ235, docetaxel and paclitaxel. In conclusion, the DRRGs exemplified by BEZ235 are potential biomarkers for TNBC molecular typing, prognosis prediction and targeted therapy. The novel DRRGs-guided strategy for predicting the subtype, survival and therapy efficacy, might be also applied to more cancers and drugs other than TNBC and BEZ235.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Feng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Luchang Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Kaijiong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Sujiao Ni
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Baolin Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China
| | - Jinbo Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.
| | - Dongsheng Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Sichuan Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Sichuan Cancer Hospital & Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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8
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Lv L, Yang S, Zhu Y, Zhai X, Li S, Tao X, Dong D. Relationship between metabolic reprogramming and drug resistance in breast cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:942064. [PMID: 36059650 PMCID: PMC9434120 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.942064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in women. At present, chemotherapy is the main method to treat breast cancer in addition to surgery and radiotherapy, but the process of chemotherapy is often accompanied by the development of drug resistance, which leads to a reduction in drug efficacy. Furthermore, mounting evidence indicates that drug resistance is caused by dysregulated cellular metabolism, and metabolic reprogramming, including enhanced glucose metabolism, fatty acid synthesis and glutamine metabolic rates, is one of the hallmarks of cancer. Changes in metabolism have been considered one of the most important causes of resistance to treatment, and knowledge of the mechanisms involved will help in identifying potential treatment deficiencies. To improve women’s survival outcomes, it is vital to elucidate the relationship between metabolic reprogramming and drug resistance in breast cancer. This review analyzes and investigates the reprogramming of metabolism and resistance to breast cancer therapy, and the results offer promise for novel targeted and cell-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, China
| | - Shilei Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yanna Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Shuai Li
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xufeng Tao
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Xufeng Tao, ; Deshi Dong,
| | - Deshi Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Xufeng Tao, ; Deshi Dong,
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9
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The role of estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) in metabolic adaptations by endurance training in skeletal muscle of streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00714-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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10
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Mishra A, Srivastava A, Pateriya A, Tomar MS, Mishra AK, Shrivastava A. Metabolic reprograming confers tamoxifen resistance in breast cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 347:109602. [PMID: 34331906 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer among females and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths. Approximately 70 % of breast cancers are estrogen receptor (ER) positive. An ER antagonist such as tamoxifen is used as adjuvant therapy in ER-positive patients. The major problem with endocrine therapy is the emergence of acquired resistance in approximately 40 % of patients receiving tamoxifen. Metabolic alteration is one of the hallmarks of cancer cells. Rapidly proliferating cancer cells require increased nutritional support to fuel various functions such as proliferation, cell migration, and metastasis. Recent studies have established that the metabolic state of cancer cells influences their susceptibility to chemotherapeutic drugs and that cancer cells reprogram their metabolism to develop into resistant phenotypes. In this review, we discuss the major findings on metabolic pathway alterations in tamoxifen-resistant (TAMR) breast cancer and the molecular mechanisms known to regulate the expression and function of metabolic enzymes and the respective metabolite levels upon tamoxifen treatment. It is anticipated that this in-depth analysis of specific metabolic pathways in TAMR cancer might be exploited therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok Mishra
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Anshuman Srivastava
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Ankit Pateriya
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Manendra Singh Tomar
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Anand Kumar Mishra
- Department of Endocrine Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India
| | - Ashutosh Shrivastava
- Center for Advance Research, Faculty of Medicine, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003, India.
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11
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Bhat-Nakshatri P, Gao H, Sheng L, McGuire PC, Xuei X, Wan J, Liu Y, Althouse SK, Colter A, Sandusky G, Storniolo AM, Nakshatri H. A single-cell atlas of the healthy breast tissues reveals clinically relevant clusters of breast epithelial cells. CELL REPORTS MEDICINE 2021; 2:100219. [PMID: 33763657 PMCID: PMC7974552 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is an evolving technology used to elucidate the cellular architecture of adult organs. Previous scRNA-seq on breast tissue utilized reduction mammoplasty samples, which are often histologically abnormal. We report a rapid tissue collection/processing protocol to perform scRNA-seq of breast biopsies of healthy women and identify 23 breast epithelial cell clusters. Putative cell-of-origin signatures derived from these clusters are applied to analyze transcriptomes of ~3,000 breast cancers. Gene signatures derived from mature luminal cell clusters are enriched in ~68% of breast cancers, whereas a signature from a luminal progenitor cluster is enriched in ~20% of breast cancers. Overexpression of luminal progenitor cluster-derived signatures in HER2+, but not in other subtypes, is associated with unfavorable outcome. We identify TBX3 and PDK4 as genes co-expressed with estrogen receptor (ER) in the normal breasts, and their expression analyses in >550 breast cancers enable prognostically relevant subclassification of ER+ breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poornima Bhat-Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University of School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Hongyu Gao
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Liu Sheng
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Patrick C McGuire
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Xiaoling Xuei
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Jun Wan
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Sandra K Althouse
- Department of Biostatistics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Austyn Colter
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - George Sandusky
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Anna Maria Storniolo
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
| | - Harikrishna Nakshatri
- Department of Surgery, Indiana University of School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Center for Computational Biology and Bioinformatics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.,Roudebush VA Medical Center, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA
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12
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Peng J, Cui Y, Xu S, Wu X, Huang Y, Zhou W, Wang S, Fu Z, Xie H. Altered glycolysis results in drug-resistant in clinical tumor therapy. Oncol Lett 2021; 21:369. [PMID: 33747225 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cells undergo metabolic reprogramming, including increased glucose metabolism, fatty acid synthesis and glutamine metabolic rates. These enhancements to three major metabolic pathways are closely associated with glycolysis, which is considered the central component of cancer cell metabolism. Increasing evidence suggests that dysfunctional glycolysis is commonly associated with drug resistance in cancer treatment, and aberrant glycolysis plays a significant role in drug-resistant cancer cells. Studies on the development of drugs targeting these abnormalities have led to improvements in the efficacy of tumor treatment. The present review discusses the changes in glycolysis targets that cause drug resistance in cancer cells, including hexokinase, pyruvate kinase, pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, glucose transporters, and lactate, as well the underlying molecular mechanisms and corresponding novel therapeutic strategies. In addition, the association between increased oxidative phosphorylation and drug resistance is introduced, which is caused by metabolic plasticity. Given that aberrant glycolysis has been identified as a common metabolic feature of drug-resistant tumor cells, targeting glycolysis may be a novel strategy to develop new drugs to benefit patients with drug-resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Peng
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yangyang Cui
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Shipeng Xu
- Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Xiaowei Wu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Yue Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Wenbin Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Shui Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Ziyi Fu
- Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Medical Institute, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210004, P.R. China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China
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13
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Xu J, Zhu Y, Qian J. Expression and clinical significance of PDK family in breast cancer based on data mining. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2021; 14:97-106. [PMID: 33532027 PMCID: PMC7847494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) family, including PDK1, PDK2, PDK3, and PDK4, is involved in tumor progression. However, its role in breast cancer (BC) remains unknown. This study aims to mine the expression, clinical significance, and downstream pathways of PDK family in BC. By analyzing data downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, we found an enhanced level of PDK3 and decreased expression of PDK2 and PDK4 in BC tissues compared to normal tissues. Also, the expression of PDK3 mRNA is negatively related to that of PDK2 and PDK4, while there is a positive relation between PDK2 mRNA expression and PDK3 mRNA expression. Moreover, we found that PDK2 expression is related to lymph node metastasis, and PDK4 is associated with T stage and stage using analysis of data obtained from TCGA database. Finally, we identified several gene sets related to cancer initiation and progression regulated by PDK2-4 after performing Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA). In conclusion, PDK2-4 possess potential as targets for BC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Xu
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yue Zhu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jun Qian
- Department of Oncology Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical CollegeBengbu, People’s Republic of China
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14
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Atas E, Oberhuber M, Kenner L. The Implications of PDK1-4 on Tumor Energy Metabolism, Aggressiveness and Therapy Resistance. Front Oncol 2020; 10:583217. [PMID: 33384955 PMCID: PMC7771695 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.583217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis-known as the Warburg effect-is characteristic for many cancers. It gives the cancer cells a survival advantage in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and protects them from cytotoxic effects of oxidative damage and apoptosis. The main regulators of this metabolic shift are the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) isoforms 1-4. PDK is known to be overexpressed in several cancers and is associated with bad prognosis and therapy resistance. Whereas the expression of PDK1-3 is tissue specific, PDK4 expression is dependent on the energetic state of the whole organism. In contrast to other PDK isoforms, not only oncogenic, but also tumor suppressive functions of PDK4 have been reported. In tumors that profit from high OXPHOS and high de novo fatty acid synthesis, PDK4 can have a protective effect. This is the case for prostate cancer, the most common cancer in men, and makes PDK4 an interesting therapeutic target. While most work is focused on PDK in tumors characterized by high glycolytic activity, little research is devoted to those cases where PDK4 acts protective and is therefore highly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Atas
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Oberhuber
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Area ‘Data & Technologies’, CBmed—Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Area ‘Data & Technologies’, CBmed—Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine GmbH, Graz, Austria
- Unit of Pathology of Laboratory Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Applied Metabolomics (CDL AM), Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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15
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Yu S, Li Y, Ren H, Zhou H, Ning Q, Chen X, Hu T, Yang L. PDK4 promotes tumorigenesis and cisplatin resistance in lung adenocarcinoma via transcriptional regulation of EPAS1. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2020; 87:207-215. [PMID: 33221963 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-020-04188-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The use of cisplatin for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer has long been constrained by the rapid acquisition of tumor cell chemoresistance. In the present study, we sought to better elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying this resistance phenotype. To that end, we assessed gene expression patterns in cisplatin-resistant lung adenocarcinoma cells, revealing pyruvate dehydrogenase lipoamide kinase isozyme 4 (PDK4) to be the most up-regulated kinase in resistant cells. We further found PDK4 upregulation to be directly linked with the acquisition of chemoresistance, driving enhanced tumor cell growth in vitro and in vivo. In clinical samples, we also found that PDK4 upregulation was detectable in patients with lung adenocarcinoma and that it was correlated with a poorer prognosis for these patients. From a mechanistic perspective, we further determined that PDK4 was able to promote lung adenocarcinoma cell growth and cisplatin resistance at least in part via regulating endothelial PAS domain-containing protein 1 (EPAS1) expression, thus highlighting PDK4 as a potentially viable therapeutic target in efforts to treat lung adenocarcinoma patients that have become resistant to cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Yu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Ren
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hong Zhou
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qian Ning
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xue Chen
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tinghua Hu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710000, Shaanxi, China.
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16
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Sousa B, Pereira J, Marques R, Grilo LF, Pereira SP, Sardão VA, Schmitt F, Oliveira PJ, Paredes J. P-cadherin induces anoikis-resistance of matrix-detached breast cancer cells by promoting pentose phosphate pathway and decreasing oxidative stress. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2020; 1866:165964. [PMID: 32920119 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2020.165964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Successful metastatic spreading relies on cancer cells with stem-like properties, glycolytic metabolism and increased antioxidant protection, allowing them to escape anoikis and to survive in circulation. The expression of P-cadherin, a poor prognostic factor in breast cancer, is associated with hypoxic, glycolytic and acidosis biomarkers. In agreement, P-cadherin-enriched breast cancer cell populations presents a glycolytic and an acid-resistance phenotype. Our aim was to evaluate whether P-cadherin expression controls the glycolytic and oxidative phosphorylation fluxes of matrix-detached breast cancer cells, acting as an antioxidant and enhancing their survival in anchorage-independent conditions. By using matrix-detached breast cancer cells, we concluded that P-cadherin increases glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase expression, up-regulating the carbon flux through the pentose phosphate pathway, while inhibiting pyruvate oxidation to acetyl-coA via pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase-4 (PDK-4) activation. Accordingly, P-cadherin expression conferred increased sensitivity to dichloroacetate (DCA), a PDK inhibitor. P-cadherin expression also regulates oxidative stress in matrix-detached breast cancer cells, through the control of antioxidant systems, such as catalase and superoxide dismutases (SOD)1 and 2, providing these cells with an increased resistance to doxorubicin-induced anoikis. Importantly, this association was validated in primary invasive breast carcinomas, where an enrichment of SOD2 was found in P-cadherin-overexpressing breast carcinomas. In conclusion, we propose that P-cadherin up-regulates carbon flux through the pentose phosphate pathway and decreases oxidative stress in matrix-detached breast cancer cells. These metabolic remodeling and antioxidant roles of P-cadherin can promote the survival of breast cancer cells in circulation and in metastatic sites, being a possible player in breast cancer therapeutic resistance to pro-oxidant-based interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bárbara Sousa
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Joana Pereira
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Ricardo Marques
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Luís F Grilo
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Susana P Pereira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Vilma A Sardão
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal.
| | - Fernando Schmitt
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, UC Biotech, Biocant Park, Cantanhede, Portugal.
| | - Joana Paredes
- i3S - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, Universidade do Porto, Portugal; IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias s/n, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; Medical Faculty of the University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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17
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Varghese E, Samuel SM, Líšková A, Samec M, Kubatka P, Büsselberg D. Targeting Glucose Metabolism to Overcome Resistance to Anticancer Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2252. [PMID: 32806533 PMCID: PMC7464784 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent cancer in women. BC is heterogeneous, with distinct phenotypical and morphological characteristics. These are based on their gene expression profiles, which divide BC into different subtypes, among which the triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) subtype is the most aggressive one. The growing interest in tumor metabolism emphasizes the role of altered glucose metabolism in driving cancer progression, response to cancer treatment, and its distinct role in therapy resistance. Alterations in glucose metabolism are characterized by increased uptake of glucose, hyperactivated glycolysis, decreased oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) component, and the accumulation of lactate. These deviations are attributed to the upregulation of key glycolytic enzymes and transporters of the glucose metabolic pathway. Key glycolytic enzymes such as hexokinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and enolase are upregulated, thereby conferring resistance towards drugs such as cisplatin, paclitaxel, tamoxifen, and doxorubicin. Besides, drug efflux and detoxification are two energy-dependent mechanisms contributing to resistance. The emergence of resistance to chemotherapy can occur at an early or later stage of the treatment, thus limiting the success and outcome of the therapy. Therefore, understanding the aberrant glucose metabolism in tumors and its link in conferring therapy resistance is essential. Using combinatory treatment with metabolic inhibitors, for example, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG) and metformin, showed promising results in countering therapy resistance. Newer drug designs such as drugs conjugated to sugars or peptides that utilize the enhanced expression of tumor cell glucose transporters offer selective and efficient drug delivery to cancer cells with less toxicity to healthy cells. Last but not least, naturally occurring compounds of plants defined as phytochemicals manifest a promising approach for the eradication of cancer cells via suppression of essential enzymes or other compartments associated with glycolysis. Their benefits for human health open new opportunities in therapeutic intervention, either alone or in combination with chemotherapeutic drugs. Importantly, phytochemicals as efficacious instruments of anticancer therapy can suppress events leading to chemoresistance of cancer cells. Here, we review the current knowledge of altered glucose metabolism in contributing to resistance to classical anticancer drugs in BC treatment and various ways to target the aberrant metabolism that will serve as a promising strategy for chemosensitizing tumors and overcoming resistance in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Varghese
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (E.V.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Samson Mathews Samuel
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (E.V.); (S.M.S.)
| | - Alena Líšková
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (A.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Marek Samec
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia; (A.L.); (M.S.)
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar; (E.V.); (S.M.S.)
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18
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Fernández-Calero T, Davyt M, Perelmuter K, Chalar C, Bampi G, Persson H, Tosar JP, Hafstað V, Naya H, Rovira C, Bollati-Fogolín M, Ehrlich R, Flouriot G, Ignatova Z, Marín M. Fine-tuning the metabolic rewiring and adaptation of translational machinery during an epithelial-mesenchymal transition in breast cancer cells. Cancer Metab 2020; 8:8. [PMID: 32699630 PMCID: PMC7368990 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-020-00216-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND During breast cancer progression, the epithelial to mesenchymal transition has been associated with metastasis and endocrine therapy resistance; however, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. To gain insight into this process, we studied the transition undergone by MCF7-derived cells, which is driven by the constitutive nuclear expression of a MKL1 variant devoid of the actin-binding domain (MKL1 ΔN200). We characterized the adaptive changes that occur during the MKL1-induced cellular model and focused on regulation of translation machinery and metabolic adaptation. METHODS We performed a genome-wide analysis at the transcriptional and translational level using ribosome profiling complemented with RNA-Seq and analyzed the expression of components of the translation machinery and enzymes involved in energy metabolism. NGS data were correlated with metabolomic measurements and quantification of specific mRNAs extracted from polysomes and western blots. RESULTS Our results reveal the expression profiles of a luminal to basal-like state in accordance with an epithelial to mesenchymal transition. During the transition, the synthesis of ribosomal proteins and that of many translational factors was upregulated. This overexpression of the translational machinery appears to be regulated at the translational level. Our results indicate an increase of ribosome biogenesis and translation activity. We detected an extensive metabolic rewiring occurring in an already "Warburg-like" context, in which enzyme isoform switches and metabolic shunts indicate a crucial role of HIF-1α along with other master regulatory factors. Furthermore, we detected a decrease in the expression of enzymes involved in ribonucleotide synthesis from the pentose phosphate pathway. During this transition, cells increase in size, downregulate genes associated with proliferation, and strongly upregulate expression of cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix genes. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals multiple regulatory events associated with metabolic and translational machinery adaptation during an epithelial mesenchymal-like transition process. During this major cellular transition, cells achieve a new homeostatic state ensuring their survival. This work shows that ribosome profiling complemented with RNA-Seq is a powerful approach to unveil in-depth global adaptive cellular responses and the interconnection among regulatory circuits, which will be helpful for identification of new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Fernández-Calero
- Biochemistry-Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Bioinformatics Unit, Institut Pasteur Montevideo, Mataojo, 2020 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Departamento de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad Católica del Uruguay, Av. 8 de Octubre, 2738 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcos Davyt
- Biochemistry-Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Karen Perelmuter
- Cell Biology Unit, Institut Pasteur Montevideo, Mataojo, 2020 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cora Chalar
- Biochemistry-Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Giovana Bampi
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helena Persson
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University Cancer Center, Lund University, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | - Juan Pablo Tosar
- Functional Genomics Unit, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo, 2020 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Analytical Biochemistry Unit, Nuclear Research Center, Faculty of Science, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Völundur Hafstað
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University Cancer Center, Lund University, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | - Hugo Naya
- Bioinformatics Unit, Institut Pasteur Montevideo, Mataojo, 2020 Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Carlos Rovira
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University Cancer Center, Lund University, SE-223 63 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Ricardo Ehrlich
- Biochemistry-Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
- Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Gilles Flouriot
- Université de Rennes 1-IRSET, Campus Santé de Villejean, 35000 Rennes, France
| | - Zoya Ignatova
- Institute for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Department of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mónica Marín
- Biochemistry-Molecular Biology Section, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de la República, Iguá 4225, CP 11400 Montevideo, Uruguay
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19
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Zhao Z, Ji M, Wang Q, He N, Li Y. miR-16-5p/PDK4-Mediated Metabolic Reprogramming Is Involved in Chemoresistance of Cervical Cancer. MOLECULAR THERAPY-ONCOLYTICS 2020; 17:509-517. [PMID: 32577500 PMCID: PMC7301169 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2020.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women worldwide. Therefore, investigation about molecular pathogenesis and related therapy targets of cervical cancer is an emergency. The molecular mechanisms responsible for the chemoresistance of cervical cancer were investigated by the use of doxorubicin (Dox)-resistant HeLa/Dox and SiHa/Dox cells. Our data showed that chemoresistant cells exhibited significantly higher glucose consumption, lactate production rate, and ATP levels than that of their parental cells. Among metabolic and glycolytic related genes, the expression of PDK4 was upregulated in Dox-resistant cells. Knockdown of PDK4 can decrease glucose consumption, lactate production rate, and ATP levels and further sensitize resistant cervical cancer cells to Dox treatment. By screening microRNAs (miRNAs), which can regulate expression of PDK4, we found that miR-16-5p was downregulated in chemoresistant cells. Overexpression of miR-16-5p can decrease the expression of PDK4 and sensitize the resistant cells to Dox treatment. Xenograft models confirmed that knockdown of PDK4 can increase chemotherapy efficiency for in vivo tumor growth. Collectively, our data suggested that miR-16-5p/PDK4-mediated metabolic reprogramming is involved in chemoresistance of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Zhao
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Mei Ji
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Qianqing Wang
- Department of Gynaecological Oncology, Xinxiang Central Hospital, Xinxiang 453000, China
| | - Nannan He
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
| | - Yue Li
- Department of Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China
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Ascites-derived ALDH+CD44+ tumour cell subsets endow stemness, metastasis and metabolic switch via PDK4-mediated STAT3/AKT/NF-κB/IL-8 signalling in ovarian cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:275-287. [PMID: 32390009 PMCID: PMC7374705 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0865-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ovarian cancer is characterised by frequent recurrence due to persistent presence of residual cancer stem cells (CSCs). Here, we identify and characterise tumour subsets from ascites-derived tumour cells with stemness, metastasis and metabolic switch properties and to delineate the involvement of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) in such process. Methods Ovarian cancer cells/cell lines derived from ascites were used for tumourspheres/ALDH+CD44+ subset isolation. The functional roles and downstream signalling of PDK4 were explored. Its association with clinical outcome of ovarian cancer was analysed. Results We demonstrated enhanced CSC characteristics of tumour cells derived from ovarian cancer ascites, concomitant with ALDH and CD44 subset enrichment and high PDK4 expression, compared to primary tumours. We further showed tumourspheres/ALDH+CD44+ subsets from ascites-derived tumour cells/cell lines with CSC properties and enhanced glycolysis. Clinically, PDK4 expression was correlated with aggressive features. Notably, blockade of PDK4 in tumourspheres/ALDH+CD44+ subsets led to inhibition of CSC characteristics, glycolysis and activation of STAT3/AKT/NF-κB/IL-8 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/protein kinases B/nuclear factor-κB/interleukin-8) signalling. Conversely, overexpression of PDK4 in ALDH−CD44– subsets exerted the opposite effects. Conclusion Ascites-derived ALDH+CD44+ tumour cell subsets endow stemness, metastatic and metabolic switch properties via PDK4-mediated STAT3/AKT/NF-κB/IL-8 signalling, suggesting PDK4 as a viable therapeutic molecular target for ovarian cancer management.
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21
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Atas E, Oberhuber M, Kenner L. The Implications of PDK1-4 on Tumor Energy Metabolism, Aggressiveness and Therapy Resistance. Front Oncol 2020. [PMID: 33384955 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A metabolic shift from oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) to glycolysis-known as the Warburg effect-is characteristic for many cancers. It gives the cancer cells a survival advantage in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment and protects them from cytotoxic effects of oxidative damage and apoptosis. The main regulators of this metabolic shift are the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) isoforms 1-4. PDK is known to be overexpressed in several cancers and is associated with bad prognosis and therapy resistance. Whereas the expression of PDK1-3 is tissue specific, PDK4 expression is dependent on the energetic state of the whole organism. In contrast to other PDK isoforms, not only oncogenic, but also tumor suppressive functions of PDK4 have been reported. In tumors that profit from high OXPHOS and high de novo fatty acid synthesis, PDK4 can have a protective effect. This is the case for prostate cancer, the most common cancer in men, and makes PDK4 an interesting therapeutic target. While most work is focused on PDK in tumors characterized by high glycolytic activity, little research is devoted to those cases where PDK4 acts protective and is therefore highly needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Atas
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Monika Oberhuber
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Area 'Data & Technologies', CBmed-Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine GmbH, Graz, Austria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Area 'Data & Technologies', CBmed-Center for Biomarker Research in Medicine GmbH, Graz, Austria
- Unit of Pathology of Laboratory Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
- Christian Doppler Laboratory for Applied Metabolomics (CDL AM), Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
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Woolbright BL, Rajendran G, Harris RA, Taylor JA. Metabolic Flexibility in Cancer: Targeting the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase:Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Axis. Mol Cancer Ther 2019; 18:1673-1681. [PMID: 31511353 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-19-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells use alterations of normal metabolic processes to sustain proliferation indefinitely. Transcriptional and posttranscriptional control of the pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) family is one way in which cancer cells alter normal pyruvate metabolism to fuel proliferation. PDKs can phosphorylate and inactivate the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDHC), which blocks oxidative metabolism of pyruvate by the mitochondria. This process is thought to enhance cancer cell growth by promoting anabolic pathways. Inhibition of PDKs induces cell death through increased PDH activity and subsequent increases in ROS production. The use of PDK inhibitors has seen widespread success as a potential therapeutic in laboratory models of multiple cancers; however, gaps still exist in our understanding of the biology of PDK regulation and function, especially in the context of individual PDKs. Efforts are currently underway to generate PDK-specific inhibitors and delineate the roles of individual PDK isozymes in specific cancers. The goal of this review is to understand the regulation of the PDK isozyme family, their role in cancer proliferation, and how to target this pathway therapeutically to specifically and effectively reduce cancer growth.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robert A Harris
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - John A Taylor
- Department of Urology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.
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Deficiency of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 sensitizes mouse liver to diethylnitrosamine and arsenic toxicity through inducing apoptosis. LIVER RESEARCH 2018; 2:100-107. [PMID: 31815032 PMCID: PMC6896988 DOI: 10.1016/j.livres.2018.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) is a metabolism switch that regulates glucose oxidation and the tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) in the mitochondria. Liver detoxifies xenobiotics and is constantly challenged by various injuries. This study aims at understanding how the loss of the metabolism regulator PDK4 contributes to liver injuries. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and Pdk4 knockout (Pdk4 -/-) mice of different ages were examined for spontaneous hepatic apoptosis. Juvenile or adult mice of two genotypes were insulted by diethylnitrosamine (DEN), arsenic, galactosamine (GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS), anti-CD95 (Jo2) antibody or carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). Liver injury was monitored by blood biochemistry test. Apoptosis was determined by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) staining, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) cleavage, and caspase activity assay. Inflammatory response was determined by nuclear factor (NF)-κB activation and the activation of NF-κB target genes. Primary hepatocytes were isolated and cell viability was evaluated by MTS assay. RESULTS We showed that systematic Pdk4 -/- in mice resulted in age-dependent spontaneous hepatic apoptosis. PDK4-deficiency increased the toxicity of DEN in juvenile mice, which correlated with a lethal consequence and massive hepatic apoptosis. Similarly, chronic arsenic administration induced more severe hepatic apoptosis in Pdk4 -/- mice compared to WT control mice. An aggravated hepatic NF-κB mediated-inflammatory response was observed in Pdk4 -/- mice livers. In vitro, Pdk4-deficient primary hepatocytes were more vulnerable to DEN and arsenic challenges and displayed higher caspase activity than wild type cells. Notably, hepatic PDK4 mRNA level was remarkably reduced during acute liver failure induced by GalN/LPS or Jo2 antibody. The diminished PDK4 expression was also observed in CCl4-induced acute liver injury. CONCLUSIONS PDK4 may contribute to the protection from apoptotic injury in mouse liver.
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24
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Transcriptomic response of breast cancer cells to anacardic acid. Sci Rep 2018; 8:8063. [PMID: 29795261 PMCID: PMC5966448 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-26429-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Anacardic acid (AnAc), a potential dietary agent for preventing and treating breast cancer, inhibited the proliferation of estrogen receptor α (ERα) positive MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 triple negative breast cancer cells. To characterize potential regulators of AnAc action, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells were treated for 6 h with purified AnAc 24:1n5 congener followed by next generation transcriptomic sequencing (RNA-seq) and network analysis. We reported that AnAc-differentially regulated miRNA transcriptomes in each cell line and now identify AnAc-regulated changes in mRNA and lncRNA transcript expression. In MCF-7 cells, 80 AnAc-responsive genes were identified, including lncRNA MIR22HG. More AnAc-responsive genes (886) were identified in MDA-MB-231 cells. Only six genes were commonly altered by AnAc in both cell lines: SCD, INSIG1, and TGM2 were decreased and PDK4, GPR176, and ZBT20 were increased. Modeling of AnAc-induced gene changes suggests that AnAc inhibits monounsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in both cell lines and increases endoplasmic reticulum stress in MDA-MB-231 cells. Since modeling of downregulated genes implicated NFκB in MCF-7, we confirmed that AnAc inhibited TNFα-induced NFκB reporter activity in MCF-7 cells. These data identify new targets and pathways that may account for AnAc’s anti-proliferative and pro-apoptotic activity.
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25
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Liu G, Wang X, Liu Y, Zhang M, Cai T, Shen Z, Jia Y, Huang Y. Arrayed mutant haploid embryonic stem cell libraries facilitate phenotype-driven genetic screens. Nucleic Acids Res 2018; 45:e180. [PMID: 29036617 PMCID: PMC5727442 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkx857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Forward genetic screens using mammalian embryonic stem (ES) cells have identified genes required for numerous cellular processes. However, loss-of-function screens are more difficult to conduct in diploid cells because, in most cases, both alleles of a gene must be mutated to exhibit a phenotype. Recently, mammalian haploid ES cell lines were successfully established and applied to several recessive genetic screens. However, all these screens were performed in mixed pools of mutant cells and were mainly based on positive selection. In general, negative screening is not easy to apply to these mixed pools, although quantitative deep sequencing of mutagen insertions can help to identify some ‘missing’ mutants. Moreover, the interplay between different mutant cells in the mixed pools would interfere with the readout of the screens. Here, we developed a method for rapidly generating arrayed haploid mutant libraries in which the proportion of homozygous mutant clones can reach 85%. After screening thousands of individual mutant clones, we identified a number of novel factors required for the onset of differentiation in ES cells. A negative screen was also conducted to discover mutations conferring cells with increased sensitivity to DNA double-strand breaks induced by the drug doxorubicin. Both of these screens illustrate the value of this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Xue Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yufang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Meili Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Tao Cai
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Zhirong Shen
- National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yuyan Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
| | - Yue Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.,Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China
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Javadi S, Rostamizadeh K, Hejazi J, Parsa M, Fathi M. Curcumin mediated down-regulation of α V β 3 integrin and up-regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) in Erlotinib resistant SW480 colon cancer cells. Phytother Res 2017; 32:355-364. [PMID: 29168312 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Erlotinib is a potent, selective, and orally active inhibitor of the epidermal growth factor receptor, but the development of erlotinib resistance during chemotherapy can lead to treatment failure. To shed light on the erlotinib-resistant pathway, this study investigated the effect of combination therapy using curcumin- and erlotinib-loaded nanoparticles on the expression of αv β3 integrin and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase 4 (PDK4) in an erlotinib-resistant SW480 colon cancer cell line. An erlotinib-resistant SW480 colon cancer cell line was produced by long-term exposure to erlotinib. Curcumin-loaded Methoxy poly ethylene glycol Poly caprolactone (cur/mPEG-PCL) and erlotinib-loaded mPEG-PCL (erl/mPEG-PCL) micelles were provided using a single step nanoprecipitation method and used as combination therapy of resistant SW480 cancer cells. After that, gene expression levels of PDK4, αv, and β3 mRNA were determined by the semiquantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Protein levels of whole αv β3 integrin were evaluated using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. In SW480 cell line, the IC50 of nonresistant and resistant cells was 87.6 ± 1.2 nM and 19.1 ± 0.14 μM, for erlotinib and it was about 21.8 and 30 μM for curcumin, respectively. Although PDK4 expression was not significantly different in resistant and nonresistant cells, its expression was up regulated (1.4 fold) in resistant cells by a combination therapy of cur/mPEG-PCL at a dose of 3 μM and erl/mPEG-PCL at a dose of 5 μM. β3 mRNA and the protein level of whole αv β3 integrin was significantly higher in resistant SW480 cells as compared with those in nonresistant cells. In terms of treatment, a combination of 6-μM cur/mPEG-PCL and 5-μM erl/mPEG-PCL down regulated β3 gene expression 6.6-fold in resistant cells as compared with nonresistant cells. At the protein level, a combination of 3-μM-cur/mPEG-PCL and 10-μM erl/mPEG-PCL reduced αv β3 protein in resistant cells. The results indicated that combination therapy using cur/mPEG-PCL and erl/mPEG-PCL could decrease αv β3 integrin expression and increase PDK4 gene expression in resistant colon cancer cells, which may have effects on drug resistance signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samira Javadi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Kobra Rostamizadeh
- Zanjan Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology Research Center (ZPNRC), Department of pharmaceutical Biomaterials, School of Pharmacy, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Jalal Hejazi
- Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Maliheh Parsa
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Fathi
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.,Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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