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Yang YQ, Zhang M, Hua Q, Ma RJ, Wang XY, Yuan HJ, Luo MJ, Tan JH. Role and action mechanisms of tPA in CRH-induced apoptosis of mouse oviductal epithelial and mural granulosa cells. J Reprod Dev 2024; 70:238-246. [PMID: 38910127 PMCID: PMC11310383 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.2024-028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding how stress hormones induce apoptosis in oviductal epithelial cells (OECs) and mural granulosa cells (MGCs) can reveal the mechanisms by which female stress impairs embryonic development and oocyte competence. A recent study showed that tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) ameliorates corticosterone-induced apoptosis in MGCs and OECs by acting on its receptors low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1) and Annexin A2 (ANXA2), respectively. However, whether tPA is involved in corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)-induced apoptosis and whether it uses the same or different receptors to inhibit apoptosis induced by different hormones in the same cell type remains unknown. This study showed that CRH triggered apoptosis in both OECs and MGCs and significantly downregulated tPA expression. Moreover, tPA inhibits CRH-induced apoptosis by acting on ANXA2 in both OECs and MGCs. While ANXA2 inhibits apoptosis via phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt) signaling, LRP1 reduces apoptosis via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling. Thus, tPA used the same receptor to inhibit CRH-induced apoptosis in both OECs and MGCs, however used different receptors to inhibit corticosterone-induced apoptosis in MGCs and OECs. These data helps understand the mechanism by which female stress impairs embryo/oocyte competence and proapoptotic factors trigger apoptosis in different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Qing Yang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, P. R. China
| | - Min Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, P. R. China
| | - Qi Hua
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, P. R. China
| | - Rui-Jie Ma
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, P. R. China
| | - Hong-Jie Yuan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, P. R. China
| | - Ming-Jiu Luo
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, P. R. China
| | - Jing-He Tan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City 271018, P. R. China
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She R, Ge J, Mei Z. New Wine in an Old Bottle: tPA for Ischemic Stroke Management. Transl Stroke Res 2023:10.1007/s12975-023-01209-6. [PMID: 37921975 DOI: 10.1007/s12975-023-01209-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
As the only clinical thrombolytic drug approved by the FDA, tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA) is the good standard acute treatment against ischemic stroke (IS) during the super-early stage. tPA forms the active principle of alteplase, a recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rtPA), which is well known for its intravascular thrombolytic activity. However, the multifaceted functions of tPA in the central nervous system (CNS) hold untapped potential. Currently, increasing studies have explored the neuroprotective function of tPA in neurological diseases, particularly in acute ischemic stroke (AIS). A series of studies have indicated that tPA has anti-excitotoxic, neurotrophic, and anti-apoptotic effects on neurons; it is also involved in neuronal plasticity, axonal regeneration, and cerebral inflammatory processes, but how to deeply understand the underlying mechanism and take maximum advantage of tPA seems to be urgent. Therefore, more work is needed to illuminate how tPA performs with more diverse functions after stroke onset. In this comment, we focus on possible hypotheses about why and how tPA promotes ischemic neuronal survival in a comprehensive view. The text provides a holistic picture of the functions of tPA and enlists the considerations for the future, which might attract more attention toward the therapeutic potential of tPA in AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruining She
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine On Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinwen Ge
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine On Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Hunan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhigang Mei
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine On Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, College of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Third-Grade Pharmacological Laboratory On Chinese Medicine Approved By State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, Hubei, China.
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Hua Q, Cheng H, Yang YQ, An JS, Zhang M, Gong S, Luo MJ, Tan JH. Role of tPA in Corticosterone-Induced Apoptosis of Mouse Mural Granulosa and Oviductal Epithelial Cells. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030455. [PMID: 36766799 PMCID: PMC9914103 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Although studies indicate that female stress-increased secretion of glucocorticoids impairs oocyte competence and embryo development, by inducing apoptosis of ovarian and oviductal cells, respectively, the mechanisms by which glucocorticoids induce apoptosis of ovarian and oviductal cells are largely unclear. Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) has been involved in apoptosis of different cell types. However, while some studies indicate that tPA is proapoptotic, others demonstrate its antiapoptotic effects. This study has explored the role and action mechanisms of tPA in corticosterone-induced apoptosis of mouse mural granulosa cells (MGCs) and oviductal epithelial cells (OECs). The results demonstrate that culture with corticosterone significantly increased apoptosis, while decreasing levels of tPA (Plat) mRNA and tPA protein in both MGCs and OECs. Culture with tPA ameliorated corticosterone-induced apoptosis of MGCs and OECs. Furthermore, while tPA protected MGCs from corticosterone-induced apoptosis by interacting with low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1 (LRP1), it protected OECs from the apoptosis by acting on Annexin 2 (ANXA2). In conclusion, tPA is antiapoptotic in both MGCs and OECs, and it protects MGCs and OECs from corticosterone-induced apoptosis by interacting with LRP1 and ANXA2, respectively, suggesting that tPA may use different receptors to inhibit apoptosis in different cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ming-Jiu Luo
- Correspondence: (M.-J.L.); (J.-H.T.); Tel.: +86-0538-8249616 (M.-J.L. & J.-H.T.); Fax: +86-0538-8241419 (M.-J.L. & J.-H.T.)
| | - Jing-He Tan
- Correspondence: (M.-J.L.); (J.-H.T.); Tel.: +86-0538-8249616 (M.-J.L. & J.-H.T.); Fax: +86-0538-8241419 (M.-J.L. & J.-H.T.)
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Zhu X, Li H, Tian M, Zhou S, He Y, Zhou M. miR-455-3p alleviates propofol-induced neurotoxicity by reducing EphA4 expression in developing neurons. Biomarkers 2020; 25:685-692. [PMID: 33032457 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2020.1832147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Propofol, an aesthetic agent in paediatric patients, results in neurotoxicity in the developing neurons. To reduce side effects of propofol, the protective role of miR-455-3p (microRNA-455-3p) in developing rat brain was investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS Primary hippocampal neurons were isolated from postnatal day 1 or 2 SD (Sprague-Dawley) rats. The neurons were exposed to various concentrations of propofol (0, 10, 30, or 50 μM) for 6 h. Propofol-induced cell viability was assessed by MTT assay, expression levels of miR-455-3p and EphA4 (erythropoietin-producing hepatocellular A4) in propofol-induced neurons were determined using qRT-PCR and western blot, respectively. Binding ability between miR-455-3p and EphA4 was predicted, and then validated by luciferase reporter assay. Neurons expressing miR-455-3p mimics, were treated with 50 μM propofol for 6 h, and apoptosis status was evaluated by flow cytometry. RESULTS Exposure to propofol significantly decreased cell viability of developing neurons isolated from neonatal rats. Propofol decreased miR-455-3p expression, while increased EphA4 level in the neurons. miR-455-3p mimics increased propofol-induced reduce in cell viability, and attenuated propofol-induced cell apoptosis of neurons. MiR-455-3p could target EphA4, and decreased expression of EphA4 in neurons exposure to propofol. EphA4 knockdown counteracted with the promotive effects of propofol on cell viability and apoptosis of neurons. CONCLUSION Propofol treatment induces neurotoxicity and suppresses miR-455-3p levels in the developing hippocampal neurons. However, miR-455-3p could alleviate such neurotoxicity by reducing EphA4 expression, provided new insights into miR-455-3p as novel therapeutic target to prevent propofol-induced damages from bench to clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashgar City, China
| | - Huifang Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashgar City, China
| | - Ming Tian
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashgar City, China
| | - Shuqin Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou City, China
| | - Yuqin He
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashgar City, China
| | - Ming Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Kashi, Kashgar City, China
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Erythropoietin attenuates propofol-induced hippocampal neuronal cell injury in developing rats by inhibiting toll-like receptor 4 expression. Neurosci Lett 2020; 716:134647. [PMID: 31765729 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2019.134647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was to investigate the neuroprotective effect of erythropoietin (EPO) on hippocampal neuronal cell injury in developing rats. METHODS The hippocampal neurons cells were obtained from SD rats aged 10 days and divided into control, propofol, EPO, and propofol + erythropoietin (E + P) groups. Cell proliferation and apoptosis were measured by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), Ki-67 immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry, respectively. The levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-4 and IL-10 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Cellular immunohistochemistry was utilized to detect the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), nerve growth factor (NGF), brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and neurotrophin-3 (NT-3). Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot were used to detect the expression of Bax, Bcl-2, Caspase-3, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and p65. Furthermore, TLR4 antagonist (TAK-242) and activator (LPS) were used to study the relationship between EPO and TLR4. RESULTS Propofol treatment caused morphological and structural damage of hippocampal neurons. However, EPO significantly improved this damage, enhanced cell proliferation, decreased apoptosis and pro-inflammatory factor content, up-regulated the expression of Ki-67, PCNA, Bcl-2, NGF, BDNF and NT-3, as well as decreased the expression of Bax, Caspase-3, TLR4 and p65 (p < 0.05). After TAK-242 or LPS treatment, it showed similar results in propofol + TAK-242 (T + P) group and E + P group. CONCLUSION Erythropoietin could attenuate propofol-induced hippocampal neuronal cell injury in developing rats, which may be related to inhibit TLR4 expression.
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Wang X, Wang J, Shi X, Pan C, Liu H, Dong Y, Dong R, Mang J, Xu Z. Proteomic analyses identify a potential mechanism by which extracellular vesicles aggravate ischemic stroke. Life Sci 2019; 231:116527. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 05/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Qian Y, Lu X, Li Q, Zhao S, Fang D. The treatment effects and the underlying mechanism of B cell translocation gene 1 on the oncogenesis of brain glioma. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:13310-13320. [DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yu Qian
- Department of Neurosurgery Jiangsu University Affiliated People's Hospital
| | - Xinyu Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery Jiangsu University Affiliated People's Hospital
| | - Qiaoyu Li
- Department of Neurosurgery Jiangsu University Affiliated People's Hospital
| | - Su Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery Jiangsu University Affiliated People's Hospital
| | - Dazhao Fang
- Department of Neurosurgery The Affiliated Huaian No.1 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University Huaiyin China
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Lv J, Liang Y, Tu Y, Chen J, Xie Y. Hypoxic preconditioning reduces propofol-induced neuroapoptosis via regulation of Bcl-2 and Bax and downregulation of activated caspase-3 in the hippocampus of neonatal rats. Neurol Res 2018; 40:767-773. [PMID: 29790425 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1477545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Evidence has shown that propofol may cause widespread apoptotic neurodegeneration. Hypoxic preconditioning (HPC) was previously demonstrated to provide neuroprotection and brain recovery from either acute or chronic neurodegeneration in several cellular and animal models. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of hypoxic preconditioning on apoptosis caused by propofol in neonatal rats. METHODS Propofol (100 mg/kg) was given to 7-day-old (P7) Sprague Dawley pups. Before the propofol injection, hypoxic preconditioning was administered by subjecting rats to five cycles of 10 min of hypoxia (8% O2) and 10 min of normoxia (21% O2), then 2 h of room air. We detected neuronal structure changes and apoptosis by hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and TUNEL assay, respectively. Bcl-2, Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 levels were quantified using Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. RESULT After treatment with propofol, Bcl-2 levels decreased and Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 levels increased. However, our results suggest that hypoxic preconditioning could reverse this change. Conclusion: Our results indicate that pretreatment with hypoxic preconditioning prevents propofol-induced neuroapoptosis by increasing the levels of Bcl-2 and decreasing the levels of Bax and cleaved-caspase-3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Lv
- a Department of Anesthesiology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , China
| | - Yubing Liang
- b Department of Anesthesiology , The Affiliated tumor hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , China
| | - Youbing Tu
- a Department of Anesthesiology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , China
| | - Jing Chen
- a Department of Anesthesiology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , China
| | - Yubo Xie
- a Department of Anesthesiology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University , Nanning , China
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Lin EP, Lee JR, Lee CS, Deng M, Loepke AW. Do anesthetics harm the developing human brain? An integrative analysis of animal and human studies. Neurotoxicol Teratol 2016; 60:117-128. [PMID: 27793659 DOI: 10.1016/j.ntt.2016.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2016] [Revised: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Anesthetics that permit surgical procedures and stressful interventions have been found to cause structural brain abnormalities and functional impairment in immature animals, generating extensive concerns among clinicians, parents, and government regulators regarding the safe use of these drugs in young children. Critically important questions remain, such as the exact age at which the developing brain is most vulnerable to the effects of anesthetic exposure, whether a particular age exists beyond which anesthetics are devoid of long-term effects on the brain, and whether any specific exposure duration exists that does not lead to deleterious effects. Accordingly, the present analysis attempts to put the growing body of animal studies, which we identified to include >440 laboratory studies to date, into a translational context, by integrating the preclinical data on brain structure and function with clinical results attained from human neurocognitive studies, which currently exceed 30 studies. Our analysis demonstrated no clear exposure duration threshold below which no structural injury or subsequent cognitive abnormalities occurred. Animal data did not clearly identify a specific age beyond which anesthetic exposure did not cause any structural or functional abnormalities. Several potential mitigating strategies were found, however, no general anesthetic was identified that consistently lacked neurodegenerative properties and could be recommended over other anesthetics. It therefore is imperative, to expand efforts to devise safer anesthetic techniques and mitigating strategies, even before long-term alterations in brain development are unequivocally confirmed to occur in millions of young children undergoing anesthesia every year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica P Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States; Department of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Jeong-Rim Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Republic of Korea
| | - Christopher S Lee
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States; Department of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States
| | - Meng Deng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Huashan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Andreas W Loepke
- Department of Anesthesiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States; Department of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States; Neuroscience Program, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States.
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