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Ribeiro DM, Luise D, Costa M, Carvalho DFP, Martins CF, Correa F, Pinho M, Mirzapour-Kouhdasht A, Garcia-Vaquero M, Mourato MP, Trevisi P, de Almeida AM, Freire JPB, Prates JAM. Impact of dietary Laminaria digitata with alginate lyase or carbohydrase mixture on nutrient digestibility and gut health of weaned piglets. Animal 2024; 18:101189. [PMID: 38850575 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Laminaria digitata is a brown seaweed rich in prebiotic polysaccharides, mainly laminarin, but its alginate-rich cell wall could compromise nutrient access. Carbohydrase supplementation, such as individual alginate lyase and carbohydrases mixture (Rovabio® Excel AP), could enhance nutrient digestibility and prebiotic potential. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of these enzymes on nutrient digestibility and gut health of weaned piglets fed with 10% L. digitata. Diets did not affect growth performance (P > 0.05). The majority of the feed fractions had similar digestibility across all diets, but the supplementation of alginate lyase increased hemicellulose digestibility by 3.3% compared to the control group (P = 0.047). Additionally, we observed that algal zinc was more readily available compared to the control group, even without enzymatic supplementation (P < 0.001). However, the increased digestibility of some minerals, such as potassium, raises concerns about potential mineral imbalance. Seaweed groups had a higher abundance of beneficial bacteria in colon contents, such as Prevotella, Oscillospira and Catenisphaera. Furthermore, the addition of alginate lyase led to a lower pH in the colon (P < 0.001) and caecum (P < 0.001) of piglets, which is possibly a result of released fermentable laminarin, and is consistent with the higher proportion of butyric acid found in these intestinal compartments. L. digitata is a putative supplement to enhance piglet gut health due to its prebiotic polysaccharides. Alginate lyase supplementation further improves nutrient digestibility and prebiotic potential. These results suggest the potential use of L. digitata and these enzymatic supplements in commercial piglet-feeding practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- D M Ribeiro
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D Luise
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 46, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Costa
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal; Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - D F P Carvalho
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - C F Martins
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal; CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal; Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - F Correa
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 46, Bologna, Italy
| | - M Pinho
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal; Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - A Mirzapour-Kouhdasht
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - M Garcia-Vaquero
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - M P Mourato
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - P Trevisi
- Department of Agricultural and Food Sciences (DISTAL), Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, Viale G. Fanin 46, Bologna, Italy
| | - A M de Almeida
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J P B Freire
- LEAF - Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Associate Laboratory TERRA, Higher Institute of Agronomy, University of Lisbon, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - J A M Prates
- CIISA - Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal; Associate Laboratory for Animal and Veterinary Sciences (AL4AnimalS), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Av. da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477 Lisbon, Portugal.
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2
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Zhou L, Raza SHA, Gao Z, Hou S, Alwutayd KM, Aljohani ASM, Abdulmonem WA, Alghsham RS, Aloufi BH, Wang Z, Gui L. Fat deposition, fatty acid profiles, antioxidant capacity and differentially expressed genes in subcutaneous fat of Tibetan sheep fed wheat-based diets with and without xylanase supplementation. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:252-263. [PMID: 37773023 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
Xylanase, an exogenous enzyme that plays an essential role in energy metabolism by hydrolysing xylan into xylose, has been shown to positively influence nutrient digestion and utilisation in ruminants. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of xylanase supplementation on the back-fat thickness, fatty acid profiles, antioxidant capacity, and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the subcutaneous fat of Tibetan sheep. Sixty three-month-old rams with an average weight of 19.35 ± 2.18 kg were randomly assigned to control (no enzyme added, WH group) and xylanase (0.2% of diet on a dry matter basis, WE group) treatments. The experiment was conducted over 97 d, including 7 d of adaption to the diets. The results showed that xylanase supplementation in the diet increased adipocyte volume of subcutaneous fat (p < 0.05), shown by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining. Gas chromatography showed greater concentrations of C14:0 and C16:0 in the subcutaneous fat of controls compared with the enzyme-treated group (p < 0.05), while opposite trend was seen for the absolute contents of C18:1n9t, C20:1, C18:2n6c, C18:3, and C18:3n3 (p < 0.05). Compared with controls, supplementation with xylanase increased the activity of T-AOC significantly (p < 0.05). Transcriptomic analysis showed the presence of 1630 DEGs between the two groups, of which 1023 were up-regulated and 607 were down-regulated, with enrichment in 4833 Gene Ontology terms, and significant enrichment in 31 terms (p < 0.05). The common DEGs were enriched in 295 pathways and significantly enriched in 26 pathways. Additionally, the expression of lipid-related genes, including fatty acid synthase, superoxide dismutase, fatty acid binding protein 5, carnitine palmytoyltransferase 1 A, and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor A were verified via quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. In conclusion, dietary xylanase supplementation was found to reduce subcutaneous fat deposition in Tibetan sheep, likely through modulating the expression of lipid-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhou
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza
- Research Center for Machining and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhanhong Gao
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengzhen Hou
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Khairiah Mubarak Alwutayd
- Department of Biology College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S M Aljohani
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Waleed Al Abdulmonem
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Ruqaih S Alghsham
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Qassim University, Buraidah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bandar Hamad Aloufi
- Biology Department, Faculty of Science, University of Ha'il, Ha'il, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zhiyou Wang
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Linsheng Gui
- College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, Qinghai University, Xining, Qinghai Province, People's Republic of China
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Xu S, Yu Z, Li Z, Wang Z, Shi C, Li J, Wang F, Liu H. Wheat bran inclusion level impacts its net energy by shaping gut microbiota and regulating heat production in gestating sows. ANIMAL NUTRITION (ZHONGGUO XU MU SHOU YI XUE HUI) 2023; 15:45-57. [PMID: 37779510 PMCID: PMC10539868 DOI: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
An accurate estimation of net energy (NE) of wheat bran is essential for precision feeding of sows. However, the effects of inclusion level on NE of wheat bran have not been reported. Inclusion level was hypothesized to impact NE of wheat bran by regulating gut microbiota and partitioning of heat production. Therefore, twelve multiparous sows (Yorkshire × Landrace; 2 to 4 parity) were assigned to a replicated 3 × 6 Youden square with 3 successive periods and 6 diets in each square. The experiment included a corn-soybean meal diet (WB0) and five diets including 9.8% (WB10), 19.5% (WB20), 29.2% (WB30), 39.0% (WB40) and 48.7% wheat bran (WB50), respectively. Each period included 6 d of adaptation to diets followed by 6 d for heat production measurement using open-circuit respiration chambers. Compared with other groups, WB30, WB40, and WB50 enriched different fiber-degrading bacteria genera (P < 0.05). Apparent total tract digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of wheat bran were greater in WB30 and WB40 (P < 0.05). Physical activity (standing and sitting) decreased as inclusion level increased (P = 0.04), which tended to decrease related heat production (P = 0.07). Thermic effect of feeding (TEF) was higher in WB50 than other treatments (P < 0.01). Metabolizable energy of wheat bran was similar among treatment groups (except for WB10). NE of wheat bran conformed to a quadratic regression equation with inclusion level (R2 = 0.99, P < 0.01) and peaked at an inclusion level of 35.3%. In conclusion, increasing inclusion level decreased energy expenditure of sows on physical activity and promoted growth of fiber-degrading bacteria, which improved energy utilization of fiber. Fermentation of wheat bran fiber by Prevotellaceae_UCG-003 and norank_f__Paludibacteraceae might increase TEF. Consequently, sows utilized energy in wheat bran most efficiently at an inclusion level of 35.3%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Song Xu
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zirou Yu
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zongliang Li
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zijie Wang
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chenyu Shi
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fenglai Wang
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Hu Liu
- State Key Lab of Animal Nutrition, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Beijing, 100193, China
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Martinez TM, Wachsmuth HR, Meyer RK, Weninger SN, Lane AI, Kangath A, Schiro G, Laubitz D, Stern JH, Duca FA. Differential effects of plant-based flours on metabolic homeostasis and the gut microbiota in high-fat fed rats. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2023; 20:44. [PMID: 37858106 PMCID: PMC10585811 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00767-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gut microbiome is a salient contributor to the development of obesity, and diet is the greatest modifier of the gut microbiome, which highlights the need to better understand how specific diets alter the gut microbiota to impact metabolic disease. Increased dietary fiber intake shifts the gut microbiome and improves energy and glucose homeostasis. Dietary fibers are found in various plant-based flours which vary in fiber composition. However, the comparative efficacy of specific plant-based flours to improve energy homeostasis and the mechanism by which this occurs is not well characterized. METHODS In experiment 1, obese rats were fed a high fat diet (HFD) supplemented with four different plant-based flours for 12 weeks. Barley flour (BF), oat bran (OB), wheat bran (WB), and Hi-maize amylose (HMA) were incorporated into the HFD at 5% or 10% total fiber content and were compared to a HFD control. For experiment 2, lean, chow-fed rats were switched to HFD supplemented with 10% WB or BF to determine the preventative efficacy of flour supplementation. RESULTS In experiment 1, 10% BF and 10% WB reduced body weight and adiposity gain and increased cecal butyrate. Gut microbiota analysis of WB and BF treated rats revealed increases in relative abundance of SCFA-producing bacteria. 10% WB and BF were also efficacious in preventing HFD-induced obesity; 10% WB and BF decreased body weight and adiposity, improved glucose tolerance, and reduced inflammatory markers and lipogenic enzyme expression in liver and adipose tissue. These effects were accompanied by alterations in the gut microbiota including increased relative abundance of Lactobacillus and LachnospiraceaeUCG001, along with increased portal taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) in 10% WB and BF rats compared to HFD rats. CONCLUSIONS Therapeutic and preventative supplementation with 10%, but not 5%, WB or BF improves metabolic homeostasis, which is possibly due to gut microbiome-induced alterations. Specifically, these effects are proposed to be due to increased concentrations of intestinal butyrate and circulating TDCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor M Martinez
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Hallie R Wachsmuth
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Rachel K Meyer
- School of Nutritional Science and Wellness, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Savanna N Weninger
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Adelina I Lane
- Physiological Sciences Graduate Interdisciplinary Program, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Archana Kangath
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, ACBS Building, 1117 E Lowell St., Tucson, AZ, 85711, USA
| | - Gabriele Schiro
- The PANDA Core for Genomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Daniel Laubitz
- The PANDA Core for Genomics and Microbiome Research, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Jennifer H Stern
- Division of Endocrinology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - Frank A Duca
- School of Animal and Comparative Biomedical Sciences, University of Arizona, ACBS Building, 1117 E Lowell St., Tucson, AZ, 85711, USA.
- BIO 5 Institute, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
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Li Y, Yan Y, Fu H, Jin S, He S, Wang Z, Dong G, Li B, Guo S. Does diet or macronutrients intake drive the structure and function of gut microbiota? Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1126189. [PMID: 36860485 PMCID: PMC9970161 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1126189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Shift of ingestive behavior is an important strategy for animals to adapt to change of the environment. We knew that shifts in animal dietary habits lead to changes in the structure of the gut microbiota, but we are not sure about if changes in the composition and function of the gut microbiota respond to changes in the nutrient intake or food items. To investigate how animal feeding strategies affect nutrient intakes and thus alter the composition and digestion function of gut microbiota, we selected a group of wild primate group for the study. We quantified their diet and macronutrients intake in four seasons of a year, and instant fecal samples were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and metagenomics. These results demonstrated that the main reason that causes seasonal shifts of gut microbiota is the macronutrient variation induced by seasonal dietary differences. Gut microbes can help to compensate for insufficient macronutrients intake of the host through microbial metabolic functions. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of the causes of seasonal variation in host-microbial variation in wild primates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhang Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujie Yan
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hengguang Fu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shiyu Jin
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shujun He
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zi Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guixin Dong
- Guangdong Chimelong Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou, China,Guangdong South China Rare Wild Animal Species Conservation Center, Zhuhai, China
| | - Baoguo Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,Shaanxi Institute of Zoology, Xi’an, China
| | - Songtao Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai, China,*Correspondence: Songtao Guo,
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Lyu Z, Chen Y, Wang F, Liu L, Zhang S, Lai C. Net energy and its establishment of prediction equations for wheat bran in growing pigs. Anim Biosci 2023; 36:108-118. [PMID: 35760408 PMCID: PMC9834652 DOI: 10.5713/ab.22.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this experiment was to determine the net energy (NE) value of 6 wheat bran and 1 wheat shorts by indirect calorimetry and establish the NE prediction equations of wheat bran fed to growing barrows. METHODS Forty-eight growing barrows (28.5±2.4 kg body weight) were allotted in a completely randomized design to 8 dietary treatments that included a corn-soybean meal basal diet, 6 wheat bran diets and 1 wheat shorts diet. The inclusion level of wheat bran or wheat shorts in diets is 30%. RESULTS The addition of wheat bran reduced the apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of nutrients (p<0.05). The ATTD of gross energy, crude protein (CP) and dry matter (DM) in the wheat shorts were greater than that in the wheat bran. Addition of wheat bran or wheat shorts had no effect on total heat production and fasting heat production. The NE of wheat bran was negatively correlated with neutral detergent fiber (r = -0.84; p<0.05) and acid detergent fiber (r = -0.83; p<0.05), while it was positively correlated with CP (r = 0.92; p<0.01). The NE values of wheat bran ranged from 6.79 to 8.15 MJ/kg DM, and the NE value of wheat shorts was 12.47 MJ/kg DM. The ratio of NE to metabolizable energy for wheat bran fed to growing pigs was from 66.0% to 71.7%, whereas the value for wheat shorts was 83.7%. CONCLUSION The NE values of wheat bran ranged from 6.79 to 8.15 MJ/kg DM, and the NE value of wheat shorts was 12.47 MJ/kg DM. The NE value of wheat bran can be well predicted based on energy content and proximate analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqian Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193,
China,Guangdong HAID Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511446,
China
| | - Yifan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000,
China
| | - Fenglai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193,
China
| | - Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193,
China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193,
China
| | - Changhua Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193,
China,Corresponding Author: Changhua Lai, Tel: +86-10-62733588, Fax: +86-10-62733688, E-mail:
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Bai Y, Zhou X, Zhao J, Wang Z, Ye H, Pi Y, Che D, Han D, Zhang S, Wang J. Sources of Dietary Fiber Affect the SCFA Production and Absorption in the Hindgut of Growing Pigs. Front Nutr 2022; 8:719935. [PMID: 35083261 PMCID: PMC8784547 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.719935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Effects of different dietary fiber (DF) sources on short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) production and absorption in the hindgut of growing pigs were studied by an in vivo–vitro (ileal cannulated pigs and fecal inoculum-based fermentation) method. Thirty-six cannulated pigs (body weight: 48.5 ± 2.1 kg) were randomly allocated to 6 treatments containing the same DF content (16.5%), with either wheat bran (WB), corn bran (CB), sugar beet pulp (SBP), oat bran (OB), soybean hulls (SH), or rice bran (RB) as DF sources. Pigs were allowed 15 days for diet adaptation, and then, fresh ileal digesta and feces were collected to determine SCFA concentration which was normalized for food dry matter intake (DMI) and the hindgut DF fermentability. Fecal microbiota was inoculated into the freeze-dried ileal digesta samples to predict the ability of SCFA production and absorption in the hindgut by in vitro fermentation. The SH group had the largest concentration of total SCFA and propionate in ileal digesta and fecal samples of growing pigs (p < 0.05). Nonetheless, the predicted acetate, total SCFA production, absorption in the SBP group were the highest (p < 0.01), but the lowest in the OB group (p < 0.01) among all groups. Even SBP and OB group had a similar ratio of soluble DF (SDF) to insoluble DF (IDF). The CB group had high determined ileal and fecal butyrate concentration but the lowest butyrate production and absorption in the hindgut (p < 0.01). Overall, the source of DF had a great impact on the hindgut SCFA production and absorption, and SBP fiber had a great potential to increase hindgut SCFA production and absorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingjian Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jinbiao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yu Pi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biological Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Boen Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Ganzhou, China
| | - Dongsheng Che
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Dandan Han
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junjun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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