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Park S, Song J, Park MA, Jang HJ, Son S, Kim DH, Kim Y. Assessing the Probiotic Effects of Pediococcus pentosaceus CACC616 in Weaned Piglets. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2890. [PMID: 38138034 PMCID: PMC10746064 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
During weaning, piglets experience various stressor events that disrupt their gut microbiota and immune balance, decrease growth parameters, and increase mortality rates. In this study, we assessed the efficacy of Pediococcus pentosaceus CACC616 as a probiotic supplement. We characterized this strain and evaluated its effect on improving growth performance, modulating gut microbiota composition, and reducing noxious odor components in weaned piglets compared to a non-supplementary diet (control). During the 26-day period, 40 crossbred weaned piglets were randomly assigned to pens with 20 animals each in two groups: control and treatment groups with CACC616. On day 26, the treatment group exhibited a lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) and a significant alteration in gut microbial composition, correlating with improved growth parameters and gut health (p < 0.05). The treatment group also exhibited significantly reduced digestibility- and intestinal-environment-related noxious odor components (p < 0.05). The CACC616 strain effectively reduced pathogenic genera numbers, including Campylobacter, Mogibacterium, Escherichia-Shigella, and Desulfovibrio spp., with the treatment group exhibiting lower fecal calprotectin levels than the control group (p < 0.05). Overall, this study revealed that the functional probiotic CACC616 contributes to enhanced FCR and effectively modulates weaned piglets' inflammation and intestinal microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soyeon Park
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.S.); (M.A.P.); (H.-J.J.); (S.S.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - Jeongsup Song
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.S.); (M.A.P.); (H.-J.J.); (S.S.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - Mi Ae Park
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.S.); (M.A.P.); (H.-J.J.); (S.S.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - Hyun-Jun Jang
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.S.); (M.A.P.); (H.-J.J.); (S.S.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - Seoyun Son
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.S.); (M.A.P.); (H.-J.J.); (S.S.); (D.-H.K.)
| | - Dae-Hyuk Kim
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.S.); (M.A.P.); (H.-J.J.); (S.S.); (D.-H.K.)
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute for Molecular Biology and Genetics, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
- Department of Bioactive Material Science, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Republic of Korea
| | - Yangseon Kim
- Department of Research and Development, Center for Industrialization of Agricultural and Livestock Microorganisms, Jeongeup 56212, Republic of Korea; (S.P.); (J.S.); (M.A.P.); (H.-J.J.); (S.S.); (D.-H.K.)
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Albuquerque A, Garrido N, Charneca R, Egas C, Martin L, Ramos A, Costa F, Marmelo C, Martins JM. Influence of Sex and a High-Fiber Diet on the Gut Microbiome of Alentejano Pigs Raised to Heavy Weights. Vet Sci 2023; 10:641. [PMID: 37999464 PMCID: PMC10675691 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci10110641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the influence of sex and a dietary transition on the gut microbiota of a local Portuguese pig breed. Three groups of male Alentejano pigs (n = 10 each) were raised between ~40 and 160 kg LW. Group C included pigs that were surgically castrated, while the I group included intact ones; both were fed with commercial diets. The third group, IExp, included intact pigs that were fed commercial diets until ~130 kg, then replaced by an experimental diet based on legumes and agro-industrial by-products between ~130 and 160 kg. Fecal samples were collected two weeks before slaughter. The total DNA was extracted and used for 16S metabarcoding on a MiSeq® System. The dietary transition from a commercial diet to the experimental diet substantially increased and shifted the diversity observed. Complex carbohydrate fermenting bacteria, such as Ruminococcus spp. and Sphaerochaeta spp., were significantly more abundant in IExp (q < 0.05). On the other hand, castrated pigs presented a significantly lower abundance of the potential probiotic, Roseburia spp. and Lachnospiraceae NK4A136 group (q < 0.01), bacteria commonly associated with better gut health and lower body fat composition. Understanding the role of gut microbiota is paramount to ensure a low skatole deposition and consumers' acceptance of pork products from non-castrated male pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Albuquerque
- ECO-PIG Consortium, Z.I. Catraia, Ap. 50, 3440-131 Santa Comba Dão, Portugal; (N.G.); (R.C.); (L.M.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.M.)
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Nicolás Garrido
- ECO-PIG Consortium, Z.I. Catraia, Ap. 50, 3440-131 Santa Comba Dão, Portugal; (N.G.); (R.C.); (L.M.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.M.)
- Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas, Departamento de Ciência Agrárias e Veterinárias, Edifício Quartel do Trem, Avenida 14 de Janeiro n° 21, 7350-092 Elvas, Portugal
| | - Rui Charneca
- ECO-PIG Consortium, Z.I. Catraia, Ap. 50, 3440-131 Santa Comba Dão, Portugal; (N.G.); (R.C.); (L.M.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.M.)
- MED & CHANGE, Departamento de Zootecnia, ECT–Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Conceição Egas
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal;
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit, Biocant, 3060-197 Cantanhede, Portugal
| | - Luísa Martin
- ECO-PIG Consortium, Z.I. Catraia, Ap. 50, 3440-131 Santa Comba Dão, Portugal; (N.G.); (R.C.); (L.M.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.M.)
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnologias, Escola Superior Agrária de Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Amélia Ramos
- ECO-PIG Consortium, Z.I. Catraia, Ap. 50, 3440-131 Santa Comba Dão, Portugal; (N.G.); (R.C.); (L.M.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.M.)
- Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Tecnologias, Escola Superior Agrária de Coimbra, Bencanta, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Filipa Costa
- ECO-PIG Consortium, Z.I. Catraia, Ap. 50, 3440-131 Santa Comba Dão, Portugal; (N.G.); (R.C.); (L.M.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.M.)
| | - Carla Marmelo
- ECO-PIG Consortium, Z.I. Catraia, Ap. 50, 3440-131 Santa Comba Dão, Portugal; (N.G.); (R.C.); (L.M.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.M.)
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development & CHANGE—Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - José Manuel Martins
- ECO-PIG Consortium, Z.I. Catraia, Ap. 50, 3440-131 Santa Comba Dão, Portugal; (N.G.); (R.C.); (L.M.); (A.R.); (F.C.); (C.M.)
- MED & CHANGE, Departamento de Zootecnia, ECT–Escola de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade de Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
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Yang J, Chen R, Peng Y, Chai J, Li Y, Deng F. The role of gut archaea in the pig gut microbiome: a mini-review. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1284603. [PMID: 37876779 PMCID: PMC10593451 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1284603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal microbiota of swine harbors an essential but often overlooked component: the gut archaea. These enigmatic microorganisms play pivotal roles in swine growth, health, and yield quality. Recent insights indicate that the diversity of gut archaea is influenced by various factors including breed, age, and diet. Such factors orchestrate the metabolic interactions within the porcine gastrointestinal environment. Through symbiotic relationships with bacteria, these archaea modulate the host's energy metabolism and digestive processes. Contemporary research elucidates a strong association between the abundance of these archaea and economically significant traits in swine. This review elucidates the multifaceted roles of gut archaea in swine and underscores the imperative for strategic interventions to modulate their population and functionality. By exploring the probiotic potential of gut archaea, we envisage novel avenues to enhance swine growth, health, and product excellence. By spotlighting this crucial, yet under-investigated, facet of the swine gut microbiome, we aim to galvanize further scientific exploration into harnessing their myriad benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Routing Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunjuan Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianmin Chai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
- State Key Laboratory of Swine and Poultry Breeding Industry, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Feilong Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, Guangdong, China
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Szabó C, Kachungwa Lugata J, Ortega ADSV. Gut Health and Influencing Factors in Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13081350. [PMID: 37106913 PMCID: PMC10135089 DOI: 10.3390/ani13081350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is a complex, dynamic, and critical part of the body, which plays an important role in the digestion and absorption of ingested nutrients and excreting waste products of digestion. In addition, GIT also plays a vital role in preventing the entry of harmful substances and potential pathogens into the bloodstream. The gastrointestinal tract hosts a significant number of microbes, which throughout their metabolites, directly interact with the hosts. In modern intensive animal farming, many factors can disrupt GIT functions. As dietary nutrients and biologically active substances play important roles in maintaining homeostasis and eubiosis in the GIT, this review aims to summarize the current status of our knowledge on the most important areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csaba Szabó
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - James Kachungwa Lugata
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Arth David Sol Valmoria Ortega
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Animal Science, Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Böszörményi Street 138, 4032 Debrecen, Hungary
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