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Tahir M, Wei EX, Madelaire C, Yu AS, Herrera GA, Shackelford RE. A Primary Telangiectatic Mandibular Osteosarcoma With Germ-Line Malignancy-Associated DNA Damage Repair Gene Polymorphisms: A Case Report. Case Rep Oncol Med 2024; 2024:2418888. [PMID: 38962713 PMCID: PMC11221979 DOI: 10.1155/2024/2418888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Primary mandibular telangiectatic osteosarcomas are very rare lesions, with only nine cases reported. Histologically, these lesions show multiple cystic blood-filled cavities traversed by neoplastic bone in septa lined by high-grade malignant cells. Here, we report an 81-year-old woman who presented with a mandibular mass, which was surgically resected and analyzed by histologic examination and whole exome DNA sequencing. A diagnosis of telangiectatic osteosarcoma was given. Comparative sequencing data analysis of paired benign and tumor DNA revealed 1577 variants unique to the tumor DNA, which clustered into several gene families, including those regulating DNA repair and apoptosis. Comparison of benign and tumor DNA revealed many shared gene polymorphisms associated with an increased cancer risk. These included polymorphisms in the ATM, p53, BRCA1, and BRCA2 and many other genes. Interestingly, the patient's family history showed an unusually high cancer incidence, likely related to these cancer risk-associated polymorphisms. To our knowledge, this is the first-time sequencing applied to a mandibular telangiectatic osteosarcoma. Our findings may shed light on the molecular origins of these rare tumors and how they may relate to other tumors in related kindreds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Tahir
- Department of PathologyUniversity of South Alabama, 2451 University Hospital Drive, Mobile, Alabama 36617, USA
| | - Eric X. Wei
- Department of PathologyUniversity of South Alabama, 2451 University Hospital Drive, Mobile, Alabama 36617, USA
| | - Carlina Madelaire
- Department of PathologyUniversity of South Alabama, 2451 University Hospital Drive, Mobile, Alabama 36617, USA
| | - Alice S. Yu
- Department of Computer ScienceCollege of Computer Science and EngineeringUniversity of Central Florida, 4328 Scorpius Street, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
| | - Guillermo A. Herrera
- Department of PathologyUniversity of South Alabama, 2451 University Hospital Drive, Mobile, Alabama 36617, USA
| | - Rodney E. Shackelford
- Department of PathologyUniversity of South Alabama, 2451 University Hospital Drive, Mobile, Alabama 36617, USA
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Mohr A, Marques Da Costa ME, Fromigue O, Audinot B, Balde T, Droit R, Abbou S, Khneisser P, Berlanga P, Perez E, Marchais A, Gaspar N. From biology to personalized medicine: Recent knowledge in osteosarcoma. Eur J Med Genet 2024; 69:104941. [PMID: 38677541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2024.104941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
High-grade osteosarcoma is the most common paediatric bone cancer. More than one third of patients relapse and die of osteosarcoma using current chemotherapeutic and surgical strategies. To improve outcomes in osteosarcoma, two crucial challenges need to be tackled: 1-the identification of hard-to-treat disease, ideally from diagnosis; 2- choosing the best combined or novel therapies to eradicate tumor cells which are resistant to current therapies leading to disease dissemination and metastasize as well as their favorable microenvironment. Genetic chaos, tumor complexity and heterogeneity render this task difficult. The development of new technologies like next generation sequencing has led to an improvement in osteosarcoma oncogenesis knownledge. This review summarizes recent biological and therapeutical advances in osteosarcoma, as well as the challenges that must be overcome in order to develop personalized medicine and new therapeutic strategies and ultimately improve patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Mohr
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Olivia Fromigue
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U981, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Baptiste Audinot
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Thierno Balde
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Robin Droit
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Samuel Abbou
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Pierre Khneisser
- Department of medical Biology and Pathology, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Pablo Berlanga
- Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Esperanza Perez
- Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Antonin Marchais
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France
| | - Nathalie Gaspar
- National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) U1015, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France; Department of Oncology for Children and Adolescents, Gustave Roussy Institute, Villejuif, France.
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3
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Luo G, Cheng H, Fan J, Sun T. Up-regulation of NCAPG mediated by E2F1 facilitates the progression of osteosarcoma through the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Transl Cancer Res 2024; 13:2437-2450. [PMID: 38881929 PMCID: PMC11170535 DOI: 10.21037/tcr-23-2175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024]
Abstract
Background In recent years, there are few reports on non-SMC condensin I complex subunit G (NCAPG) in osteosarcoma. Our study aims to explore the biological role of NCAPG in osteosarcoma and its underlying molecular mechanism and to further clarify the reasons for the abnormal expression of NCAPG in osteosarcoma. Methods Here, we mined The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) Program public database through bioinformatics methods, analyzed the differential expression of NCAPG in sarcoma tissue and normal tissue, and explored the relationship between NCAPG expression level and sarcoma tissue differentiation, including tumor recurrence, metastasis, and patient survival. Next, the transcription factors responsible for the abnormal expression of NCAPG in osteosarcoma tumors were predicted by multiple online website tools and verified via cellular experiments. Subsequently, loss of function and cell phenotype experiments were performed to confirm the effect of NCAPG on the malignant biological behavior of osteosarcoma cells. Mechanistically, by reviewing the literature, we found that NCAPG can affect the malignant progression of many solid tumors by regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Therefore, we preliminarily investigated the potential effect of NCAPG on this pathway via western blot experiments in osteosarcoma. Results Increased expression of NCAPG was found in sarcoma compared to normal tissues, which was positively correlated with poor differentiation, metastasis, and poor prognosis. Combining the transcription factor prediction results, correlation analysis, and expression level in the TCGA public database with validation outcomes of in vitro cell assays, we found that E2F transcription factor 1 (E2F1) regulated the increased expression of NCAPG in osteosarcoma. The results of cell phenotype experiments showed that silencing NCAPG could inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of osteosarcoma cells. The preliminary mechanistic investigation suggested that NCAPG may affect osteosarcoma progression through the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Conclusions Our data reveal that E2F1 facilitates NCAPG expression in osteosarcoma by regulating the transcription of the NCAPG gene. Up-regulation of NCAPG promotes osteosarcoma progression via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gan Luo
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | | | - Jigeng Fan
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tianwei Sun
- Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
- Department of Spinal Surgery, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin, China
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4
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Li L, Li Y, Lu M, Wang Y, Li Z, Hu X, He X, Gong T, Luo Y, Zhou Y, Min L, Tu C. The combination of baseline neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio and dynamic changes during treatment can better predict the survival of osteosarcoma patients. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1235158. [PMID: 38033504 PMCID: PMC10682781 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1235158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor with a high metastatic potential that accounts for a significant proportion of all bone tumors. The prognosis for patients with metastatic or recurrence disease remains poor. The neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has become a potential prognostic biomarker for cancer. Recent evidence suggests that the dynamic changes in neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) during treatment may be more informative in predicting patient prognosis, but the value of dynamic NLR in osteosarcoma has not yet been determined. Methods This retrospective study retrospectively analyzed the clinical information of 251 osteosarcoma patients diagnosed and treated in West China Hospital of Sichuan University, explored the impact of baseline NLR and changes in NLR during treatment on the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients, and further combined baseline NLR with Delta NLR to build an NLR staging system. Results The results showed that both baseline NLR and delta NLR had some predictive ability for the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients (P = 6.90e-4, P = 0.022). Patients with high baseline NLR were more likely to have a decrease in delta NLR (P = 1.24e-10). The NLR stage had a better predictive ability than baseline NLR and delta NLR, and was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in osteosarcoma patients HR: 2.456 (1.625-3.710) (P = 1.97e-05). Conclusion NLR has value in continuous monitoring, and continuous monitoring of NLR can better predict the survival of osteosarcoma patients compared to baseline NLR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Li Min
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedics Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chongqi Tu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedics Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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5
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Xiao B, Liu L, Chen Z, Li A, Xia Y, Wang P, Xiang C, Zeng Y, Li H. A Novel Overall Survival Prediction Signature Based on Cancer Stem Cell-Related Genes in Osteosarcoma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:753414. [PMID: 34733853 PMCID: PMC8558458 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.753414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Osteosarcoma is the most general bone malignancy that mostly affects children and adolescents. Numerous stem cell-related genes have been founded in distinct forms of cancer. This study aimed at identifying a stem cell-related gene model for the expected assessment of the prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. Methods: We obtained the genes expression data and relevant clinical materials from Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET) and Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from the GEO dataset, whereas prognostic stem cell-related genes were obtained from the TARGET database. Subsequently, univariate, LASSO and multivariate Cox regression analyses were applied to establish the stem cell-related signature. Finally, the prognostic value of the signature was validated in the GEO dataset. Results: Twenty-five genes were prognostic ferroptosis-related DEGs. Consequently, we identified eight stem cell-related genes as a signature of prognosis of osteosarcoma patients. Then, the Kaplan–Meier (K-M) curve, the AUC value of ROC, and Cox regression analysis verified that the eight stem cell-related gene model were a new and substantial prognostic marker independent of other clinical traits. Moreover, the nomogram on the foundation of risk score and other clinical traits was established for predicting the survival rate of osteosarcoma patients. Biological function analyses displayed that tumor related pathways were affluent. Conclusion: The expression level of stem cell-related genes offers novel prognostic markers as well as underlying therapeutic targets for the therapy and prevention of osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xiao
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Orthopedic Biomedical Materials Engineering Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Liyan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Orthopedic Biomedical Materials Engineering Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Zhuoyuan Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Orthopedic Biomedical Materials Engineering Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Aoyu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Orthopedic Biomedical Materials Engineering Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Xia
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Orthopedic Biomedical Materials Engineering Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Pingxiao Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Orthopedic Biomedical Materials Engineering Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Cheng Xiang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Orthopedic Biomedical Materials Engineering Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Zeng
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Orthopedic Biomedical Materials Engineering Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Orthopedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Orthopedic Biomedical Materials Engineering Laboratory of Hunan Province, Changsha, China
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6
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Niu G, Bak A, Nusselt M, Zhang Y, Pausch H, Flisikowska T, Schnieke AE, Flisikowski K. Allelic Expression Imbalance Analysis Identified YAP1 Amplification in p53- Dependent Osteosarcoma. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13061364. [PMID: 33803512 PMCID: PMC8002920 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13061364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Osteosarcoma (OS) is a highly heterogenous cancer, making the identification of genetic driving factors difficult. Genetic factors, such as heritable mutations of Rb1 and TP53, are associated with an increased risk of OS. We previously generated pigs carrying a mutated TP53 gene, which develop OS at high frequency. RNA sequencing and allelic expression imbalance analysis identified an amplification of YAP1 involved in p53- dependent OS progression. The inactivation of YAP1 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion, and leads to the silencing of TP63 and reconstruction of p16 expression in p53-deficient porcine OS cells. This study confirms the importance of p53/YAP1 network in cancer. Abstract Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary bone malignancy that mainly occurs during adolescent growth, suggesting that bone growth plays an important role in the aetiology of the disease. Genetic factors, such as heritable mutations of Rb1 and TP53, are associated with an increased risk of OS. Identifying driver mutations for OS has been challenging due to the complexity of bone growth-related pathways and the extensive intra-tumoral heterogeneity of this cancer. We previously generated pigs carrying a mutated TP53 gene, which develop OS at high frequency. RNA sequencing and allele expression imbalance (AEI) analysis of OS and matched healthy control samples revealed a highly significant AEI (p = 2.14 × 10−39) for SNPs in the BIRC3-YAP1 locus on pig chromosome 9. Analysis of copy number variation showed that YAP1 amplification is associated with the AEI and the progression of OS. Accordingly, the inactivation of YAP1 inhibits proliferation, migration, and invasion, and leads to the silencing of TP63 and reconstruction of p16 expression in p53-deficient porcine OS cells. Increased p16 mRNA expression correlated with lower methylation of its promoter. Altogether, our study provides molecular evidence for the role of YAP1 amplification in the progression of p53-dependent OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanglin Niu
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; (G.N.); (A.B.); (M.N.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Bak
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; (G.N.); (A.B.); (M.N.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Melanie Nusselt
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; (G.N.); (A.B.); (M.N.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Yue Zhang
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; (G.N.); (A.B.); (M.N.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Hubert Pausch
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland;
| | - Tatiana Flisikowska
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; (G.N.); (A.B.); (M.N.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Angelika E. Schnieke
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; (G.N.); (A.B.); (M.N.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (A.E.S.)
| | - Krzysztof Flisikowski
- Chair of Livestock Biotechnology, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising, Germany; (G.N.); (A.B.); (M.N.); (Y.Z.); (T.F.); (A.E.S.)
- Correspondence:
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7
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Kazemi-Sefat GE, Keramatipour M, Talebi S, Kavousi K, Sajed R, Kazemi-Sefat NA, Mousavizadeh K. The importance of CDC27 in cancer: molecular pathology and clinical aspects. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:160. [PMID: 33750395 PMCID: PMC7941923 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-01860-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background CDC27 is one of the core components of Anaphase Promoting complex/cyclosome. The main role of this protein is defined at cellular division to control cell cycle transitions. Here we review the molecular aspects that may affect CDC27 regulation from cell cycle and mitosis to cancer pathogenesis and prognosis. Main text It has been suggested that CDC27 may play either like a tumor suppressor gene or oncogene in different neoplasms. Divergent variations in CDC27 DNA sequence and alterations in transcription of CDC27 have been detected in different solid tumors and hematological malignancies. Elevated CDC27 expression level may increase cell proliferation, invasiveness and metastasis in some malignancies. It has been proposed that CDC27 upregulation may increase stemness in cancer stem cells. On the other hand, downregulation of CDC27 may increase the cancer cell survival, decrease radiosensitivity and increase chemoresistancy. In addition, CDC27 downregulation may stimulate efferocytosis and improve tumor microenvironment. Conclusion CDC27 dysregulation, either increased or decreased activity, may aggravate neoplasms. CDC27 may be suggested as a prognostic biomarker in different malignancies. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-01860-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Golnaz Ensieh Kazemi-Sefat
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Hemmat Highway, P.O. Box: 14665-354, Tehran, 14496-14535, Iran
| | - Mohammad Keramatipour
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Talebi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kaveh Kavousi
- Laboratory of Complex Biological Systems and Bioinformatics (CBB), Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Roya Sajed
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Hemmat Highway, P.O. Box: 14665-354, Tehran, 14496-14535, Iran
| | | | - Kazem Mousavizadeh
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Hemmat Highway, P.O. Box: 14665-354, Tehran, 14496-14535, Iran. .,Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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8
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Zhou Y, Yang D, Yang Q, Lv X, Huang W, Zhou Z, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Yuan T, Ding X, Tang L, Zhang J, Yin J, Huang Y, Yu W, Wang Y, Zhou C, Su Y, He A, Sun Y, Shen Z, Qian B, Meng W, Fei J, Yao Y, Pan X, Chen P, Hu H. Single-cell RNA landscape of intratumoral heterogeneity and immunosuppressive microenvironment in advanced osteosarcoma. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6322. [PMID: 33303760 PMCID: PMC7730477 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20059-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 263] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the most frequent primary bone tumor with poor prognosis. Through RNA-sequencing of 100,987 individual cells from 7 primary, 2 recurrent, and 2 lung metastatic osteosarcoma lesions, 11 major cell clusters are identified based on unbiased clustering of gene expression profiles and canonical markers. The transcriptomic properties, regulators and dynamics of osteosarcoma malignant cells together with their tumor microenvironment particularly stromal and immune cells are characterized. The transdifferentiation of malignant osteoblastic cells from malignant chondroblastic cells is revealed by analyses of inferred copy-number variation and trajectory. A proinflammatory FABP4+ macrophages infiltration is noticed in lung metastatic osteosarcoma lesions. Lower osteoclasts infiltration is observed in chondroblastic, recurrent and lung metastatic osteosarcoma lesions compared to primary osteoblastic osteosarcoma lesions. Importantly, TIGIT blockade enhances the cytotoxicity effects of the primary CD3+ T cells with high proportion of TIGIT+ cells against osteosarcoma. These results present a single-cell atlas, explore intratumor heterogeneity, and provide potential therapeutic targets for osteosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhou
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Orthopaedic Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Qingcheng Yang
- Orthopaedic Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiaobin Lv
- Central Laboratory of the First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, 330008, China
| | - Wentao Huang
- Pathology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zhenhua Zhou
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Changzheng Hospital of Naval Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Yaling Wang
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zhichang Zhang
- Orthopaedic Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Ting Yuan
- Orthopaedic Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Xiaomin Ding
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Lina Tang
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Jianjun Zhang
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Junyi Yin
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yujing Huang
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Wenxi Yu
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Chenliang Zhou
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yang Su
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Aina He
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yuanjue Sun
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Zan Shen
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Binzhi Qian
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health & Edinburgh Cancer Research UK Centre, Queen's Medical Research Institute, EH16 4TJ, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Wei Meng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Jia Fei
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Jinan University, 601 Western Huangpu Avenue, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yang Yao
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
| | - Xinghua Pan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Peizhan Chen
- Clinical Research Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 201821, China.
| | - Haiyan Hu
- Oncology Department of Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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9
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Duan L, Ma J, Yang W, Cao L, Wang X, Niu L, Li Y, Zhou W, Zhang Y, Liu J, Zhang H, Zhao Q, Hong L, Fan D. EI24 Inhibits Cell Proliferation and Drug Resistance of Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Front Oncol 2020; 10:1570. [PMID: 32974192 PMCID: PMC7471874 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.01570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance, whether intrinsic or acquired, often leads to treatment failure in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). Clarifying the mechanism of drug resistance in ESCC has great significance for reversing drug resistance, as well as improving the prognosis of patients. Previously, we demonstrated that etoposide-induced 2.4-kb mRNA (EI24) is the target of miR-483-3p, which promoted the growth, migration, and drug resistance in ESCC, suggesting that EI24 participates in repressing the tumorigenesis and progression of ESCC. Here, we observed that EI24 was remarkably decreased in ESCC tissues. Moreover, its expression was directly linked to the prognosis of patients. We then confirmed that the forced overexpression of EI24 repressed cell growth and sensitized ESCC cells to chemotherapeutic agents, whereas EI24 silencing had the opposite effect. Furthermore, gene microarray and ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) were performed to establish the potential mechanisms and indicated that EI24 exerts a tumor-suppressive role via suppressing the acute phase response signaling pathway or IL-1 signaling pathway in ESCC. Collectively, our data reveal that EI24 overexpression attenuates malignant phenotypes of ESCC and that it is a novel possible ESCC therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jiaojiao Ma
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wanli Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lu Cao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liaoran Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yiding Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jinqiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Department of Digestive Diseases, Wuxi Mingci Cardiovascular Hospital, Wuxi, China
| | - Qingchuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Liu Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
| | - Daiming Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Digestive Diseases and Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, Air Force Military Medical University, Xi'an, China
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10
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Fritsche-Guenther R, Gloaguen Y, Kirchner M, Mertins P, Tunn PU, Kirwan JA. Progression-Dependent Altered Metabolism in Osteosarcoma Resulting in Different Nutrient Source Dependencies. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061371. [PMID: 32471029 PMCID: PMC7352851 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a primary malignant bone tumor and OS metastases are mostly found in the lung. The limited understanding of the biology of metastatic processes in OS limits the ability for effective treatment. Alterations to the metabolome and its transformation during metastasis aids the understanding of the mechanism and provides information on treatment and prognosis. The current study intended to identify metabolic alterations during OS progression by using a targeted gas chromatography mass spectrometry approach. Using a female OS cell line model, malignant and metastatic cells increased their energy metabolism compared to benign OS cells. The metastatic cell line showed a faster metabolic flux compared to the malignant cell line, leading to reduced metabolite pools. However, inhibiting both glycolysis and glutaminolysis resulted in a reduced proliferation. In contrast, malignant but non-metastatic OS cells showed a resistance to glycolytic inhibition but a strong dependency on glutamine as an energy source. Our in vivo metabolic approach hinted at a potential sex-dependent metabolic alteration in OS patients with lung metastases (LM), although this will require validation with larger sample sizes. In line with the in vitro results, we found that female LM patients showed a decreased central carbon metabolism compared to metastases from male patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphaela Fritsche-Guenther
- Berlin Institute of Health Metabolomics Platform, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (Y.G.); (J.A.K.)
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.K.); (P.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Yoann Gloaguen
- Berlin Institute of Health Metabolomics Platform, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (Y.G.); (J.A.K.)
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.K.); (P.M.)
- Core Unit Bioinformatics, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 10178 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marieluise Kirchner
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.K.); (P.M.)
- Proteomics Platform Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Philipp Mertins
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.K.); (P.M.)
- Proteomics Platform Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Per-Ulf Tunn
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology, Helios Clinic Berlin-Buch, 13125 Berlin, Germany;
| | - Jennifer A. Kirwan
- Berlin Institute of Health Metabolomics Platform, Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), 13125 Berlin, Germany; (Y.G.); (J.A.K.)
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) in the Helmholtz Association, 13125 Berlin, Germany; (M.K.); (P.M.)
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11
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Han Y, Feng H, Sun J, Liang X, Wang Z, Xing W, Dai Q, Yang Y, Han A, Wei Z, Bi Q, Ji H, Kang T, Zou W. Lkb1 deletion in periosteal mesenchymal progenitors induces osteogenic tumors through mTORC1 activation. J Clin Invest 2019; 129:1895-1909. [PMID: 30830877 PMCID: PMC6486357 DOI: 10.1172/jci124590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone osteogenic sarcoma has a poor prognosis as the exact cell of origin and the signaling pathways underling tumor formation remain undefined. Here, we report an osteogenic tumor mouse model based on the conditional knockout of liver kinase b1 (Lkb1; also known as Stk11) in Cathepsin K (Ctsk)-Cre expressing cells. Lineage tracing studies demonstrated that Ctsk-Cre could label a population of periosteal cells. The cells functioned as mesenchymal progenitors with regard to markers and functional properties. LKB1 deficiency increased proliferation and osteoblast differentiation of Ctsk+ periosteal cells, while downregulation of mTORC1 activity, using Raptor genetic mouse model or mTORC1 inhibitor treatment, ameliorated tumor progression of Ctsk-Cre Lkb1fllfl mice. Xenograft mouse models, using human osteosarcoma cell lines, also demonstrated that LKB1 deficiency promoted tumor formation, while mTOR inhibition suppressed xenograft tumor growth. In summary, we identified periosteum-derived Ctsk-Cre expressing cells as a cell of origin for osteogenic tumor and suggested the LKB1-mTORC1 pathway as a promising target for treatment of osteogenic tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Heng Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoting Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenhui Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Qinggang Dai
- The Second Dental Center, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Anjia Han
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanying Wei
- Department of Osteoporosis and Bone Diseases, Metabolic Bone Disease and Genetics Research Unit, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing Bi
- Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Tech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tiebang Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiguo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Sciences, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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12
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Chen R, Wang G, Zheng Y, Hua Y, Cai Z. Drug resistance-related microRNAs in osteosarcoma: Translating basic evidence into therapeutic strategies. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2280-2292. [PMID: 30724027 PMCID: PMC6433687 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2018] [Revised: 10/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the application of multiple chemotherapy brought revolutionary changes to improve overall survival of osteosarcoma patients, the existence of multidrug resistance (MDR) has become a great challenge for successful osteosarcoma treatment in recent decades. Substantial studies have revealed various underlying mechanisms of MDR in cancers. As for osteosarcoma, evidence has highlighted that microRNAs (miRNAs) can mediate in the processes of DNA damage response, apoptosis avoidance, autophagy induction, activation of cancer stem cells, and signal transduction. Besides, these drug resistance‐related miRNAs showed much promise for serving as candidates for predictive biomarkers of poor outcomes and shorter survival time, and therapeutic targets to reverse drug resistance and overcome treatment refractoriness. This review aims to demonstrate the potential molecular mechanisms of miRNAs‐regulated drug resistance in osteosarcoma, and provide insight in translating basic evidence into therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiling Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Gangyang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yingqi Hua
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhengdong Cai
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Bone Tumor Institute, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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13
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Chen J, Xing C, Yan L, Wang Y, Wang H, Zhang Z, Yu D, Li J, Li H, Li J, Cai Y. Transcriptome profiling reveals the role of ZBTB38 knock-down in human neuroblastoma. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6352. [PMID: 30697495 PMCID: PMC6348090 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
ZBTB38 belongs to the zinc finger protein family and contains the typical BTB domains. As a transcription factor, ZBTB38 is involved in cell regulation, proliferation and apoptosis, whereas, functional deficiency of ZBTB38 induces the human neuroblastoma (NB) cell death potentially. To have some insight into the role of ZBTB38 in NB development, high throughput RNA sequencing was performed using the human NB cell line SH-SY5Y with the deletion of ZBTB38. In the present study, 2,438 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in ZBTB38−/− SH-SY5Y cells were obtained, 83.5% of which was down-regulated. Functional annotation of the DEGs in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes database revealed that most of the identified genes were enriched in the neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway, including PI3K/Akt and MAPK signaling pathway. we also observed that ZBTB38 affects expression of CDK4/6, Cyclin E, MDM2, ATM, ATR, PTEN, Gadd45, and PIGs in the p53 signaling pathway. In addition, ZBTB38 knockdown significantly suppresses the expression of autophagy-related key genes including PIK3C2A and RB1CC1. The present meeting provides evidence to molecular mechanism of ZBTB38 modulating NB development and targeted anti-tumor therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, WuHu, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,The Secondary Hospital of Wuhu, WuHu, China
| | - Chaofeng Xing
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, WuHu, China.,College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Linyi People Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Yabing Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College, WuHu, China
| | | | - Zongmeng Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, WuHu, China
| | - Daolun Yu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, WuHu, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, WuHu, China
| | - Honglin Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta State University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Jun Li
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Provincial Key Lab of the Conservation and Exploitation of Biological Resources, Anhui Normal University, WuHu, China
| | - Yafei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
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14
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Ren X, Tu C, Tang Z, Ma R, Li Z. Alternative lengthening of telomeres phenotype and loss of ATRX expression in sarcomas. Oncol Lett 2018; 15:7489-7496. [PMID: 29725455 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2018.8318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sarcoma is a rare and heterogeneous type of cancer with an early mean onset age and a poor prognosis. However, its genetic basis remains unclear. A series of recent genomic studies in sarcomas have identified the occurrence of mutations in the α-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) gene. The ATRX protein belongs to the SWI/SNF family of chromatin remodeling proteins, which are frequently associated with α-thalassemia syndrome. Cancer cells depend on telomerase or the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) pathway to overcome replicative programmed mortality. Loss of ATRX is associated with ALT in sarcoma. In the present review, recent whole genome and/or whole exome genomic studies are summarized. In addition ATRX immunohistochemistry and ALT fluorescence in situ hybridization in sarcomas of various subtypes and at diverse sites, including osteosarcoma, leiomyosarcoma, liposarcoma, angiosarcoma and chondrosarcoma are evaluated. The present review involves certain studies associated with the molecular mechanisms underlying the loss of ATRX controlling the activation of ALT in sarcomas. Identification of the loss of ATRX and ALT in sarcomas may provide novel methods for the treatment of aggressive sarcomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolei Ren
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Chao Tu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Zhenchu Tang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Ruofei Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Beijing 100035, P.R. China
| | - Zhihong Li
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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15
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Abstract
Osteosarcoma is the predominant form of bone cancer, affecting mostly adolescents. Recent progress made in molecular genetic studies of osteosarcoma has changed our view on the cause of the disease and ongoing therapeutic approaches for patients. As we draw closer to gaining more complete catalogs of candidate cancer driver genes in common forms of cancer, the landscape of somatic mutations in osteosarcoma is emerging from its first phase. In this review, we summarize recent whole genome and/or whole exome genomic studies, and then put these findings in the context of genetic hallmarks of somatic mutations and mutational processes in human osteosarcoma. One of the lessons learned here is that the extent of somatic mutations and complexity of the osteosarcoma genome are similar to that of common forms of adult cancer. Thus, a much higher number of samples than those currently obtained are needed to complete the catalog of driver mutations in human osteosarcoma. In parallel, genetic studies in other species have revealed candidate driver genes and their roles in the genesis of osteosarcoma. This review also summarizes newly identified drivers in genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) and discusses our understanding of the impact of nature and number of drivers on tumor latency, subtypes, and metastatic potentials of osteosarcoma. It is becoming apparent that a synergistic team composed of three drivers (one 'first driver' and two 'synergistic drivers') may be required to generate an animal model that recapitulates aggressive osteosarcoma with a short latency. Finally, new cancer therapies are urgently needed to improve survival rate and quality of life for osteosarcoma patients. Several vulnerabilities in osteosarcoma are illustrated in this review to exemplify the opportunities for next generation molecularly targeted therapies. However, much work remains in order to complete our understanding of the somatic mutation basis of osteosarcoma, to develop reliable animal models of human disease, and to apply this information to guide new therapeutic approaches for reducing morbidity and mortality of this rare disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirby Rickel
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Fang Fang
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA
| | - Jianning Tao
- Sanford Children's Health Research Center, Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD 57104, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD 57105, USA.
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16
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Qiu L, Tan X, Lin J, Liu RY, Chen S, Geng R, Wu J, Huang W. CDC27 Induces Metastasis and Invasion in Colorectal Cancer via the Promotion of Epithelial-To-Mesenchymal Transition. J Cancer 2017; 8:2626-2635. [PMID: 28900500 PMCID: PMC5595092 DOI: 10.7150/jca.19381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Distant metastasis is the primary cause of cancer-related death among patients with colorectal cancer (CRC), and the discovery of novel therapeutic targets by further exploring the molecular mechanisms of CRC metastasis is therefore urgently needed. We previously illustrated that CDC27 overexpression promoted proliferation in CRC, but no studies have emphasized the role of CDC27 in cancer metastasis thus far. Our previous data indicated that the expression of CDC27 was significantly associated with distant metastasis in patient tissues, and therefore, in this study, we focused on the investigation of the potential mechanisms of CDC27 in CRC metastasis. The results revealed that CDC27 promoted the metastasis, invasion and sphere-formation capacity of DLD1 cells, but that the inhibition of CDC27 in HCT116 cells suppressed metastasis both in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistic analyses revealed that CDC27 promoted epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), as demonstrated by the reduced expression of the epithelial markers ZO-1 and E-cadherin and the enhanced expression of the mesenchymal markers ZEB1 and Snail in HCT116 and DLD1 cells. Further mechanistic investigation indicated that CDC27 promoted metastasis and sphere-formation capacity in an ID1-dependent manner. In conclusion, we first demonstrated the role of CDC27 in cancer metastasis and showed that CDC27 may serve as a promising therapeutic target for CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Qiu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou.,Department of Hematology/Oncology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong
| | - Xin Tan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Jiaxin Lin
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou.,Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong General Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou
| | - Ran-Yi Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Shuai Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Rong Geng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Jiangxue Wu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou
| | - Wenlin Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center; State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou
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17
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Sharma A, Cinti C, Capobianco E. Multitype Network-Guided Target Controllability in Phenotypically Characterized Osteosarcoma: Role of Tumor Microenvironment. Front Immunol 2017; 8:918. [PMID: 28824643 PMCID: PMC5536125 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study highlights the relevance of network-guided controllability analysis as a precision oncology tool. Target controllability through networks is potentially relevant to cancer research for the identification of therapeutic targets. With reference to a recent study on multiple phenotypes from 22 osteosarcoma (OS) cell lines characterized both in vitro and in vivo, we found that a variety of critical proteins in OS regulation circuits were in part phenotype specific and in part shared. To generalize our inference approach and match cancer phenotypic heterogeneity, we employed multitype networks and identified targets in correspondence with protein sub-complexes. Therefore, we established the relevance for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes of inspecting interactive targets, namely those enriched by significant connectivity patterns in protein sub-complexes. Emerging targets appeared with reference to the OS microenvironment, and relatively to small leucine-rich proteoglycan members and D-type cyclins, among other collagen, laminin, and keratin proteins. These described were evidences shared across all phenotypes; instead, specific evidences were provided by critical proteins including IGFBP7 and PDGFRA in the invasive phenotype, and FGFR3 and THBS1 in the colony forming phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankush Sharma
- Experimental Oncology Unit, UOS - Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Siena, Italy.,Center for Computational Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
| | - Caterina Cinti
- Experimental Oncology Unit, UOS - Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, Siena, Italy
| | - Enrico Capobianco
- Center for Computational Science, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States.,Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, United States
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18
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Qiu L, Wu J, Pan C, Tan X, Lin J, Liu R, Chen S, Geng R, Huang W. Downregulation of CDC27 inhibits the proliferation of colorectal cancer cells via the accumulation of p21Cip1/Waf1. Cell Death Dis 2016; 7:e2074. [PMID: 26821069 PMCID: PMC4816181 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Revised: 12/01/2015] [Accepted: 12/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated cell cycle progression has a critical role in tumorigenesis. Cell division cycle 27 (CDC27) is a core subunit of the anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome, although the specific role of CDC27 in cancer remains unknown. In our study, we explored the biological and clinical significance of CDC27 in colorectal cancer (CRC) growth and progression and investigated the underlying molecular mechanisms. Results showed that CDC27 expression is significantly correlated with tumor progression and poor patient survival. Functional assays demonstrated that overexpression of CDC27 promoted proliferation in DLD1 cells, whereas knockdown of CDC27 in HCT116 cells inhibited proliferation both in vitro and in vivo. Further mechanistic investigation showed that CDC27 downregulation resulted in G1/S phase transition arrest via the significant accumulation of p21 in HCT116 cells, and the upregulation of CDC27 promoted G1/S phase transition via the attenuation of p21 in DLD1 cells. Furthermore, we also demonstrated that CDC27 regulated inhibitor of DNA binding 1 (ID1) protein expression in DLD1 and HCT116 cells, and rescue assays revealed that CDC27 regulated p21 expression through modulating ID1 expression. Taken together, our results indicate that CDC27 contributes to CRC cell proliferation via the modulation of ID1-mediated p21 regulation, which offers a novel approach to the inhibition of tumor growth. Indeed, these findings provide new perspectives for the future study of CDC27 as a target for CRC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Qiu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Wu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - C Pan
- Medical Oncology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Second People's Hospital of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China
| | - X Tan
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - J Lin
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - R Liu
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - S Chen
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - R Geng
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - W Huang
- Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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19
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Pai P, Rachagani S, Dhawan P, Batra SK. Mucins and Wnt/β-catenin signaling in gastrointestinal cancers: an unholy nexus. Carcinogenesis 2016; 37:223-32. [PMID: 26762229 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgw005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway is indispensable for embryonic development, maintenance of adult tissue homeostasis and repair of epithelial injury. Unsurprisingly, aberrations in this pathway occur frequently in many cancers and often result in increased nuclear β-catenin. While mutations in key pathway members, such as β-catenin and adenomatous polyposis coli, are early and frequent occurrences in most colorectal cancers (CRC), mutations in canonical pathway members are rare in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). Instead, in the majority of PDACs, indirect mechanisms such as promoter methylation, increased ligand secretion and decreased pathway inhibitor secretion work in concert to promote aberrant cytosolic/nuclear localization of β-catenin. Concomitant with alterations in β-catenin localization, changes in mucin expression and localization have been documented in multiple malignancies. Indeed, numerous studies over the years suggest an intricate and mutually regulatory relationship between mucins (MUCs) and β-catenin. In the current review, we summarize several studies that describe the relationship between mucins and β-catenin in gastrointestinal malignancies, with particular emphasis upon colorectal and pancreatic cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Pai
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
| | - Satyanarayana Rachagani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center
| | - Punita Dhawan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and
| | - Surinder K Batra
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA, Fred and Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, Eppley Institute for Research in Cancer and Allied Diseases and Department of Pathology and Microbiology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA
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Jour G, Wang L, Middha S, Zehir A, Chen W, Sadowska J, Healey J, Agaram NP, Choi L, Nafa K, Hameed M. The molecular landscape of extraskeletal osteosarcoma: A clinicopathological and molecular biomarker study. JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY CLINICAL RESEARCH 2015; 2:9-20. [PMID: 27499911 PMCID: PMC4858130 DOI: 10.1002/cjp2.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Extraskeletal osteosarcoma (ESOSA) is a rare soft tissue neoplasm representing <5% of osteosarcomas and <1% of all soft-tissue sarcomas. Herein, we investigate the clinicopathological and molecular features of ESOSA and explore potential parameters that may affect outcome. Thirty-two cases were retrieved and histomorphology was reviewed. Clinical history and follow-up were obtained through electronic record review. DNA from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue was extracted and processed from 27 cases. Genome-wide DNA copy number (CN) alterations and allelic imbalances were analyzed by single nucleotide polymorphism array using Affymetrix OncoScan FFPE Assay. Massive high-throughput deep parallel sequencing was performed using a customized panel targeting 410 cancer genes. Log rank, Fisher's exact test and Cox proportional hazards were used for statistical analysis. In this series of 32 patients (male n = 12, female n = 20), the average age was 66 years (19-93) and median follow up was 24 months (range 6-120 months). Frequent genomic alterations included CN losses in tumour suppressor genes including CDKN2A (70%), TP53 (56%) and RB1 (49%). Mutations affecting methylation/demethylation, chromatin remodeling and WNT/SHH pathways were identified in 40%, 27%, and 27%, respectively. PIK3CA and TERT promoter variant mutations were identified in 11% of the cases. Cases harbouring simultaneous TP53 and RB1 biallelic CN losses were associated with worse overall survival and local recurrence (p = 0.04, p = 0.02, respectively). CDKN2A losses and positive margins were also associated with worse overall survival (p = 0.002; p = 0.03, respectively). Our findings suggest that age above 60, positive margin status, simultaneous biallelic TP53 and RB1 losses and CDKN2A loss are associated with a worse outcome in ESOSA. Comparison between conventional paediatric osteosarcoma and ESOSA shows that, while both share genetic similarities, there are notable dissimilarities and mechanistic differences in the molecular pathways involved in ESOSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Jour
- Department of Pathology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA
| | - Lu Wang
- Department of Pathology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA
| | - Sumit Middha
- Department of Pathology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA
| | - Ahmet Zehir
- Department of Pathology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA
| | - Wen Chen
- Department of Pathology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA
| | - Justyna Sadowska
- Department of Pathology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA
| | - John Healey
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA
| | - Narasimhan P Agaram
- Department of Pathology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA
| | - Lisa Choi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA
| | - Khedoudja Nafa
- Department of Pathology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA
| | - Meera Hameed
- Department of Pathology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center New York NY USA
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