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Zhang Y, Chen G, Zhou S, He L, Ayanniyi OO, Xu Q, Yue Z, Yang C. APDDD: Animal parasitic diseases and drugs database. Comp Immunol Microbiol Infect Dis 2024; 104:102096. [PMID: 38000324 DOI: 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.102096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Animal parasitic diseases not only have an economic impact, but also have serious social and public health impacts. Although antiparasitic drugs can treat these diseases, it seems difficult for users to comprehensively utilize the information, due to incomplete and difficult data collection. Thus, there is an urgent need to establish a comprehensive database, that includes parasitic diseases and related drugs. In this paper, we develop a knowledge database dedicated to collecting and analyzing animal parasitic diseases and related drugs, named Animal Parasitic Diseases and Drugs Database (APDDD). The current version of APDDD includes animal parasitic disease data of 8 major parasite classifications that cause common parasitic diseases and 96 subclass samples mined from many literature and authoritative books, as well as 182 antiparasitic drugs. Furthermore, we utilized APDDD data to add a knowledge graph representing the relationships between parasitic diseases, drugs, and the targeted gene of drugs acting on parasites. We hope that APDDD will become a good database for animal parasitic diseases and antiparasitic drugs research and that users can gain a more intuitive understanding of the relationships between parasitic diseases, drugs, and targeted genes through the knowledge graph.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yilei Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, School of Information and Computer, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Guojun Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, School of Information and Computer, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Siyi Zhou
- College of Animal Science and Technology, School of Information and Computer, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Lingru He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, School of Information and Computer, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Olalekan Opeyemi Ayanniyi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, School of Information and Computer, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Qianming Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, School of Information and Computer, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China
| | - Zhenyu Yue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, School of Information and Computer, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China.
| | - Congshan Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, School of Information and Computer, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, Anhui Province 230036, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
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de Carvalho LP, Niepoth E, Mavraj-Husejni A, Kreidenweiss A, Herrmann J, Müller R, Knaab T, Burckhardt BB, Kurz T, Held J. Quantification of Plasmodium falciparum HRP-2 as an alternative method to [ 3H]hypoxanthine incorporation to measure the parasite reduction ratio in vitro. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2023; 62:106894. [PMID: 37348620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2023.106894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
In the absence of a highly efficacious vaccine, chemotherapy remains the cornerstone to control malaria morbidity and mortality. The threat of the emergence of parasites resistant to artemisinin-based combination therapies highlights the need for new antimalarial drugs ideally with superior properties. The killing rate reflects the speed of action of antimalarial drugs, which can be measured in vitro through the parasite reduction ratio (PRR) assay to shortlist interesting candidates. As a standard, the in vitro PRR assay is performed by measuring [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation of Plasmodium falciparum. This methodology is restricted to specialised laboratories owing to the handling of radioactive material. In this work, we describe a sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect P. falciparum histidine-rich protein 2 (HRP-2) as an alternative methodology to assess the PRR. We first validated the methodology with established antimalarial drugs (artesunate, chloroquine, pyrimethamine and atovaquone) by comparing our results with previous results of the [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation readout provided by an expert laboratory, and subsequently assessed the speed of action of four new antimalarial candidates (compound 22, chlorotonil A, boromycin and ivermectin). The HRP-2 PRR assay achieved comparable results to the [3H]hypoxanthine incorporation readout in terms of parasite growth rate over time, lag phase and parasite clearance time. In addition, parasite growth following drug exposure was quantified after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of recovery time. In conclusion, the PRR assay based on HRP-2 is similar to [3H]hypoxanthine in determining a drug's parasite killing rate and can be widely used in all research laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elena Niepoth
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Andrea Kreidenweiss
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Jennifer Herrmann
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Rolf Müller
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany; Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Tanja Knaab
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bjoern B Burckhardt
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Kurz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jana Held
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany; Centre de Recherches Médicales de Lambaréné, Lambaréné, Gabon; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Braunschweig, Germany.
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Kayode AT, Akano K, Ajogbasile FV, Uwanibe JN, Oluniyi PE, Bankole BE, Eromon PJ, Sowunmi A, Folarin OA, Volkman SK, McInnis B, Sabeti P, Wirth DF, Happi CT. Polymorphisms in Plasmodium falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (Pfcrt) and multidrug-resistant gene 1 (Pfmdr-1) in Nigerian children 10 years post-adoption of artemisinin-based combination treatments. Int J Parasitol 2021; 51:301-310. [PMID: 33359205 PMCID: PMC7940560 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2020.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The emergence and spread of Plasmodium falciparum parasites resistant to artemisinin derivatives and their partners in southeastern Asia threatens malaria control and elimination efforts, and heightens the need for an alternative therapy. We have explored the distribution of P. falciparum chloroquine resistance transporter (Pfcrt) and multidrug-resistant gene 1 (Pfmdr-1) haplotypes 10 years following adoption of artemisinin-based combination therapies in a bid to investigate the possible re-emergence of Chloroquine-sensitive parasites in Nigeria, and investigated the effect of these P. falciparum haplotypes on treatment outcomes of patients treated with artemisinin-based combination therapies. A total of 271 children aged <5 years with uncomplicated falciparum malaria were included in this study. Polymorphisms on codons 72-76 of the Pfcrt gene and codon 86 and 184 of Pfmdr-1 were determined using the high resolution melting assay. Of 240 (88.6%) samples successfully genotyped with HRM for Pfcrt, wildtype C72M74N75K76 (42.9%) and mutant C72I74E75T76 (53.8%) were observed. Also, wildtype N86Y184 (62.9%) and mutant N86F184 (21.1%), Y86Y184 (6.4%), and Y86F184 (0.4%) haplotypes of Pfmdr-1 were observed. Measures of responsiveness to ACTs were similar in children infected with P. falciparum crt haplotypes (C72I74E75T76 and C72M74N75K76) and major mdr-1 haplotypes (N86Y184, N86F184 and Y86Y184). Despite a 10 year gap since the malaria treatment policy changed to ACTs, over 50% of the P. falciparum parasites investigated in this study harboured the Chloroquine-resistant C72I74E75T76 haplotype, however this did not compromise the efficacy of artemisinin-based combination therapies. Should complete artemisinin resistance emerge from or spread to Nigeria, chloroquine might not be a good alternative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeyemi T Kayode
- African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Kazeem Akano
- African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Fehintola V Ajogbasile
- African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Jessica N Uwanibe
- African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Paul E Oluniyi
- African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Bolajoko E Bankole
- African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Philomena J Eromon
- African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Akintunde Sowunmi
- Institute of Medical Research and Training, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Onikepe A Folarin
- African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria
| | - Sarah K Volkman
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | - Pardis Sabeti
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Dyann F Wirth
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; The Broad Institute of Harvard and MIT, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Christian T Happi
- African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; Department of Biological Sciences, Redeemer's University, Ede, Nigeria; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
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