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Jansen L, Nachtsheim L, Mayer M, Arolt C, Quaas A, Klußmann JP, Wolber P. [Clinical and molecular epidemiology of malignant salivary gland tumors]. Laryngorhinootologie 2024. [PMID: 39419038 DOI: 10.1055/a-2373-5741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2024]
Abstract
Salivary gland carcinomas are a rare and heterogeneous group of malignant tumors, accounting for 3-6% of all malignant tumors in the head and neck region. The 1-, 3- and 5-year survival rates are 83%, 69% and 63% respectively. Due to new molecular pathological and genetic findings, new entities are constantly being defined as part of the recurring WHO classification of salivary gland carcinomas, so that the incidence rates of the entities are subject to constant change. The only certain risk factor for the development of salivary gland carcinomas is ionizing radiation. In addition, large tumors, cervical lymph node involvement and perineural sheath involvement significantly worsen the prognosis. Today, molecular pathology is coming to the fore, with which potential targets have been identified that can offer prognosis-improving treatment options, particularly in recurrent or distant metastatic stages. Entity-specific tyrosine kinase inhibitors such as axitinib in adenoid cystic carcinoma or larotrectinib in secretory carcinoma and cross-entity therapies such as HER2 inhibition and androgen deprivation can prolong median and progression-free survival with a favorable side effect profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Jansen
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät, Köln, Germany
| | - Lisa Nachtsheim
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät, Köln, Germany
| | - Marcel Mayer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät, Köln, Germany
| | - Christoph Arolt
- Institut für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät, Köln, Germany
| | - Alexander Quaas
- Institut für Allgemeine Pathologie und Pathologische Anatomie, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät, Köln, Germany
| | - Jens Peter Klußmann
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät, Köln, Germany
| | - Philipp Wolber
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Kopf-Hals-Chirurgie, Universität zu Köln, Medizinische Fakultät, Köln, Germany
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Raymond M. Neoplasms of the Ear Canal. Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2023; 56:965-976. [PMID: 37495430 DOI: 10.1016/j.otc.2023.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
Primary EAC neoplasms include benign and malignant lesions of bony, glandular or cutaneous origin. Small, benign slow growing bony neoplasms are often asymptomatic, diagnosed incidentally and might not require intervention. Both malignant and benign neoplasms of cutaneous and glandular origin can present with symptoms of chronic otitis externa, leading to delays in diagnosis. Prompt biopsy of soft tissue lesions associated with non-resolving otitis externa are warranted. Local and regional imaging is helpful to understand disease extent and origin, but even early-stage malignant neoplasms require aggressive surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallory Raymond
- Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Mayo Clinic Florida, 4500 San Sablo Drive, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
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Forooghi Pordanjani T, Dabirmanesh B, Choopanian P, Mirzaie M, Mohebbi S, Khajeh K. Extracting Potential New Targets for Treatment of Adenoid Cystic Carcinoma using Bioinformatic Methods. IRANIAN BIOMEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 27:294-306. [PMID: 37873683 PMCID: PMC10707816 DOI: 10.61186/ibj.27.5.294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Background Adenoid cystic carcinoma is a slow-growing malignancy that most often occurs in the salivary glands. Currently, no FDA-approved therapeutic target or diagnostic biomarker has been identified for this cancer. The aim of this study was to find new therapeutic and diagnostic targets using bioinformatics methods. Methods We extracted the gene expression information from two GEO datasets (including GSE59701 and GSE88804). Different expression genes between adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) and normal samples were extracted using R software. The biochemical pathways involved in ACC were obtained by using the Enrichr database. PPI network was drawn by STRING, and important genes were extracted by Cytoscape. Real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry were used for biomarker verification. Results After analyzing the PPI network, 20 hub genes were introduced to have potential as diagnostic and therapeutic targets. Among these genes, PLCG1 was presented as new biomarker in ACC. Furthermore, by studying the function of the hub genes in the enriched biochemical pathways, we found that insulin-like growth factor type 1 receptor and PPARG pathways most likely play a critical role in tumorigenesis and drug resistance in ACC and have a high potential for selection as therapeutic targets in future studies. Conclusion In this study, we achieved the recognition of the pathways involving in ACC pathogenesis and also found potential targets for treatment and diagnosis of ACC. Further experimental studies are required to confirm the results of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bahareh Dabirmanesh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Choopanian
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Mirzaie
- Department of Applied Mathematics, Faculty of Mathematical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saleh Mohebbi
- ENT and Head & Neck Research Center, the Five Senses Health Institute, Rasoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Khosro Khajeh
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Sandison A. Update from the 5th Edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours: Tumours of the Ear. Head Neck Pathol 2022; 16:76-86. [PMID: 35397067 PMCID: PMC9018943 DOI: 10.1007/s12105-022-01450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In the recently published 5th Edition of the World Health Organisation Classification of Head and Neck Tumours, there are relatively few changes to report in terms of nomenclature in lesions of ear and temporal bone and fewer developments in molecular pathogenesis in comparison to other sites, particularly in sinonasal tract. Ear and temporal bone tumours are rare and biopsy material is limited. As a result, resources in the literature are scarce with few large series, no controlled clinical trials and the approaches to staging and management are not standardised. New entities are difficult to characterise. The number of entries has, however, increased for tumours of the ear and temporal bone (thirteen) compared to the 4th Edition (eleven). Some lesions previously included in the 4th Edition considered to have no site-specific features have been excluded to be discussed elsewhere and other benign lesions that are specific to this site have been included. The tumours and tumour-like entities of ear and temporal bone are discussed here mindful that the chapter in the 5th edition better correlates disease processes with clinical information and imaging and as far as possible standardises nomenclature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Sandison
- Guy’s & St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust, King’s College London, London, UK
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Zahran F, Refaey Y, Shaker O, Abdelwahab A, Abdelmoneim IM. Diagnostic accuracy of human transcriptional activator (Myb) expression by ELISA technique versus immunohistochemistry in detecting salivary gland carcinomas. J Int Oral Health 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/jioh.jioh_139_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Quantitative ubiquitylomics reveals the ubiquitination regulation landscape in oral adenoid cystic carcinoma. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:229447. [PMID: 34350460 PMCID: PMC8385350 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20211532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is an extremely rare salivary gland tumor with a poor prognosis and needs attention on molecular mechanisms. Protein ubiquitination is an evolutionarily conserved post-translational modification (PTM) for substrates degradation and controls diverse cellular functions. The broad cellular function of ubiquitination network holds great promise to detect potential targets and identify respective receptors. Novel technologies are discovered for in-depth research and characterization of the precise and dynamic regulation of ubiquitylomics in multiple cellular processes during cancer initiation, progression and treatment. In the present study, 4D label-free quantitative techniques of ubiquitination proteomics were used and we identified a total of 4152 ubiquitination sites in 1993 proteins. We also performed a systematic bioinformatics analysis for differential modified proteins and peptides containing quantitative information through the comparation between oral ACC (OACC) tumor with adjacent normal tissues, as well as the identification of eight protein clusters with motif analysis. Our findings offered an important reference of potential biomarkers and effective therapeutic targets for ACC.
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Lorini L, Ardighieri L, Bozzola A, Romani C, Bignotti E, Buglione M, Guerini A, Lombardi D, Deganello A, Tomasoni M, Bonini SA, Sigala S, Farina D, Ravanelli M, Bossi P. Prognosis and management of recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck adenoid cystic carcinoma. Oral Oncol 2021; 115:105213. [PMID: 33578204 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2021.105213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare tumor, usually arising in the salivary gland, accounting for 1% of all head and neck cancers. ACC may have a long-term poor prognosis, as about 40% of radically treated patients will recur locoregionally and up to 60% will develop distant metastasis. Factors influencing risk of recurrence have been well studied, but few data exist about prognostic factors in Recurrent/Metastatic (RM) setting. Moreover, treatment of RM ACC is often a challenge for clinicians, in the context of a rare disease, which may have an indolent clinical behavior or less frequently a quicker growth and with a paucity of available clinical trials. This review critically analyzes pathological and molecular prognostic factors in RM ACC and make an overview on actual therapeutic choices and future direction of therapy. Recognized prognostic factors in RM ACC are the presence and site of distant metastasis (lung vs other), the presence of nodal metastasis and of extranodal extension, skull base recurrence, disease free interval, lymphovascular invasion, solid histotypes and grading of disease, and the presence of mutation of NOTCH1 family, PI3K, and TP53. Due to disappointing results with chemotherapy, new approaches are under study, also on the basis of biomolecular research. Ongoing clinical trials are evaluating treatment targeting MYB and NOTCH1 alterations, immunotherapy or combination of targeted treatments and immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luigi Lorini
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Ardighieri
- Department of Pathology, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Anna Bozzola
- Department of Pathology, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Romani
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Eliana Bignotti
- Angelo Nocivelli Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Brescia and ASST-Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Michela Buglione
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Guerini
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Science and Public Health, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide Lombardi
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiologic Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Alberto Deganello
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiologic Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Michele Tomasoni
- Unit of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiologic Sciences, and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sara Anna Bonini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Sandra Sigala
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Davide Farina
- Department of Radiology, University of Brescia, Italy
| | | | - Paolo Bossi
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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