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Kong X, Dai G, Zeng Z, Zhang Y, Gu J, Ma T, Wang N, Gu J, Wang Y. Integrating Proteomics and Transcriptomics Reveals the Potential Pathways of Hippocampal Neuron Apoptosis in Dravet Syndrome Model Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4457. [PMID: 38674042 PMCID: PMC11050081 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
An important component contributing to the onset of epilepsy is the death of hippocampal neurons. Several studies have shown that Dravet syndrome model mice: Scn1a KO mice have a high number of apoptotic neurons following seizures, but the precise mechanism underlying this remains unclear. The aim of this research was to elucidate the potential molecular mechanism of neuronal apoptosis in Scn1a KO mice by integrating proteomics and transcriptomics, with the ultimate goal of offering better neuroprotection. We found that apoptotic processes were enriched in both proteomic and transcriptomic GO analyses, and KEGG results also indicated that differential proteins and genes play a role in neurotransmission, the cell cycle, apoptosis, and neuroinflammation. Then, we examined the upstream and downstream KGML interactions of the pathways to determine the relationship between the two omics, and we found that the HIF-1 signaling pathway plays a significant role in the onset and apoptosis of epilepsy. Meanwhile, the expression of the apoptosis-related protein VHL decreased in this pathway, and the expression of p21 was upregulated. Therefore, this study suggests that VHL/HIF-1α/p21 might be involved in the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons in Scn1a KO mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerui Kong
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (X.K.); (T.M.); (N.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (G.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Gaohe Dai
- Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (G.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Zhong Zeng
- School of Clinical Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (G.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jiarong Gu
- School of Public Health, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Teng Ma
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (X.K.); (T.M.); (N.W.)
| | - Nina Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (X.K.); (T.M.); (N.W.)
| | - Jinhai Gu
- Key Laboratory of Craniocerebral Diseases, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (G.D.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Yin Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China; (X.K.); (T.M.); (N.W.)
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2
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Wang W, Ren Y, Xu F, Zhang X, Wang F, Wang T, Zhong H, Wang X, Yao Y. Identification of hub genes significantly linked to temporal lobe epilepsy and apoptosis via bioinformatics analysis. Front Mol Neurosci 2024; 17:1300348. [PMID: 38384278 PMCID: PMC10879302 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2024.1300348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Epilepsy stands as an intricate disorder of the central nervous system, subject to the influence of diverse risk factors and a significant genetic predisposition. Within the pathogenesis of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), the apoptosis of neurons and glial cells in the brain assumes pivotal importance. The identification of differentially expressed apoptosis-related genes (DEARGs) emerges as a critical imperative, providing essential guidance for informed treatment decisions. Methods We obtained datasets related to epilepsy, specifically GSE168375 and GSE186334. Utilizing differential expression analysis, we identified a set of 249 genes exhibiting significant variations. Subsequently, through an intersection with apoptosis-related genes, we pinpointed 16 genes designated as differentially expressed apoptosis-related genes (DEARGs). These DEARGs underwent a comprehensive array of analyses, including enrichment analyses, biomarker selection, disease classification modeling, immune infiltration analysis, prediction of miRNA and transcription factors, and molecular docking analysis. Results In the epilepsy datasets examined, we successfully identified 16 differentially expressed apoptosis-related genes (DEARGs). Subsequent validation in the external dataset GSE140393 revealed the diagnostic potential of five biomarkers (CD38, FAIM2, IL1B, PAWR, S100A8) with remarkable accuracy, exhibiting an impressive area under curve (AUC) (The overall AUC of the model constructed by the five key genes was 0.916, and the validation set was 0.722). Furthermore, a statistically significant variance (p < 0.05) was observed in T cell CD4 naive and eosinophil cells across different diagnostic groups. Exploring interaction networks uncovered intricate connections, including gene-miRNA interactions (164 interactions involving 148 miRNAs), gene-transcription factor (TF) interactions (22 interactions with 20 TFs), and gene-drug small molecule interactions (15 interactions involving 15 drugs). Notably, IL1B and S100A8 demonstrated interactions with specific drugs. Conclusion In the realm of TLE, we have successfully pinpointed noteworthy differentially expressed apoptosis-related genes (DEARGs), including CD38, FAIM2, IL1B, PAWR, and S100A8. A comprehensive understanding of the implications associated with these identified genes not only opens avenues for advancing our comprehension of the underlying pathophysiology but also bears considerable potential in guiding the development of innovative diagnostic methodologies and therapeutic interventions for the effective management of epilepsy in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiliang Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Yinghao Ren
- Department of Dermatology, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Pharmacogenomics, College of Bioinformatics Science and Technology, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaobin Zhang
- Epilepsy Center, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Fengpeng Wang
- Epilepsy Center, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Tianyu Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Huijuan Zhong
- Epilepsy Center, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi Yao
- Epilepsy Center, Xiamen Humanity Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Xiamen, Fujian, China
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Al-Dalahmah O, Sosunov AA, Sun Y, Liu Y, Madden N, Connolly ES, Troy CM, McKhann GM, Goldman JE. The Matrix Receptor CD44 Is Present in Astrocytes throughout the Human Central Nervous System and Accumulates in Hypoxia and Seizures. Cells 2024; 13:129. [PMID: 38247821 PMCID: PMC10814649 DOI: 10.3390/cells13020129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
In the mammalian isocortex, CD44, a cell surface receptor for extracellular matrix molecules, is present in pial-based and fibrous astrocytes of white matter but not in protoplasmic astrocytes. In the hominid isocortex, CD44+ astrocytes comprise the subpial "interlaminar" astrocytes, sending long processes into the cortex. The hippocampus also contains similar astrocytes. We have examined all levels of the human central nervous system and found CD44+ astrocytes in every region. Astrocytes in white matter and astrocytes that interact with large blood vessels but not with capillaries in gray matter are CD44+, the latter extending long processes into the parenchyma. Motor neurons in the brainstem and spinal cord, such as oculomotor, facial, hypoglossal, and in the anterior horn of the spinal cord, are surrounded by CD44+ processes, contrasting with neurons in the cortex, basal ganglia, and thalamus. We found CD44+ processes that intercalate between ependymal cells to reach the ventricle. We also found CD44+ astrocytes in the molecular layer of the cerebellar cortex. Protoplasmic astrocytes, which do not normally contain CD44, acquire it in pathologies like hypoxia and seizures. The pervasive and inducible expression of CD44 in astrocytes is a novel finding that lays the foundations for functional studies into the significance of CD44 in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama Al-Dalahmah
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Alexander A. Sosunov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA (E.S.C.)
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Pathology, Albany Medical Center, Albany, NY 12208, USA
| | - Nacoya Madden
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - E. Sander Connolly
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA (E.S.C.)
| | - Carol M. Troy
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA
- Department of Neurology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA
- The Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Guy M. McKhann
- Department of Neurosurgery, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA (E.S.C.)
| | - James E. Goldman
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Irving Medical Center and the New York Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY 10032, USA
- The Taub Institute, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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4
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Li X, Quan P, Si Y, Liu F, Fan Y, Ding F, Sun L, Liu H, Huang S, Sun L, Yang F, Yao L. The microRNA-211-5p/P2RX7/ERK/GPX4 axis regulates epilepsy-associated neuronal ferroptosis and oxidative stress. J Neuroinflammation 2024; 21:13. [PMID: 38191407 PMCID: PMC10773122 DOI: 10.1186/s12974-023-03009-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death mechanism involving the accumulation of lipid peroxides. As a critical regulator, glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) has been demonstrated to be downregulated in epilepsy. However, the mechanism of ferroptosis in epilepsy remains unclear. In this study, bioinformatics analysis, analysis of epilepsy patient blood samples and cell and mouse experiments revealed strong associations among epilepsy, ferroptosis, microRNA-211-5p and purinergic receptor P2X 7 (P2RX7). P2RX7 is a nonselective ligand-gated homotrimeric cation channel, and its activation mainly increases neuronal activity during epileptic seizures. In our study, the upregulation of P2RX7 in epilepsy was attributed to the downregulation of microRNA (miR)-211-5p. Furthermore, P2RX7 has been found to regulate GPX4/HO-1 by alleviating lipid peroxidation induced by suppression of the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway in murine models. The dynamic decrease in miR-211-5p expression induces hypersynchronization and both nonconvulsive and convulsive seizures, and forebrain miR-211-5p suppression exacerbates long-lasting pentylenetetrazole-induced seizures. Additionally, in this study, induction of miR-211-5p expression or genetic-silencing of P2RX7 significantly reduced the seizure score and duration in murine models through the abovementioned pathways. These results suggest that the miR-211-5p/P2RX7 axis is a novel target for suppressing both ferroptosis and epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Pusheng Quan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yao Si
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Yuwei Fan
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Feifan Ding
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Lina Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Han Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Shuo Huang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Linlin Sun
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Lifen Yao
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081, China.
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5
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Sint Jago SC, Bahabry R, Schreiber AM, Homola J, Ngyuen T, Meijia F, Allendorfer JB, Lubin FD. Aerobic exercise alters DNA hydroxymethylation levels in an experimental rodent model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy Behav Rep 2023; 25:100642. [PMID: 38323091 PMCID: PMC10844942 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebr.2023.100642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
The therapeutic potential of aerobic exercise in mitigating seizures and cognitive issues in temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is recognized, yet the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. Using a rodent TLE model induced by Kainic acid (KA), we investigated the impact of a single bout of exercise (i.e., acute) or 4 weeks of aerobic exercise (i.e., chronic). Blood was processed for epilepsy-associated serum markers, and DNA methylation (DNAme), and hippocampal area CA3 was assessed for gene expression levels for DNAme-associated enzymes. While acute aerobic exercise did not alter serum Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF) or Interleukin-6 (IL-6), chronic exercise resulted in an exercise-specific decrease in serum BDNF and an increase in serum IL-6 levels in epileptic rats. Additionally, whole blood DNAme levels, specifically 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC), decreased in epileptic animals following chronic exercise. Hippocampal CA3 5-hmC levels and ten-eleven translocation protein (TET1) expression mirrored these changes. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry analysis revealed that most 5-hmC changes in response to chronic exercise were neuron-specific within area CA3 of the hippocampus. Together, these findings suggest that DNAme mechanisms in the rodent model of TLE are responsive to chronic aerobic exercise, with emphasis on neuronal 5-hmC DNAme in the epileptic hippocampus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rudhab Bahabry
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States
| | | | - Julia Homola
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States
| | - Tram Ngyuen
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States
| | - Fernando Meijia
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States
| | - Jane B. Allendorfer
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Farah D. Lubin
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, United States
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6
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Galvis-Montes DS, van Loo KMJ, van Waardenberg AJ, Surges R, Schoch S, Becker AJ, Pitsch J. Highly dynamic inflammatory and excitability transcriptional profiles in hippocampal CA1 following status epilepticus. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22187. [PMID: 38092829 PMCID: PMC10719343 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49310-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Transient brain insults including status epilepticus (SE) can initiate a process termed 'epileptogenesis' that results in chronic temporal lobe epilepsy. As a consequence, the entire tri-synaptic circuit of the hippocampus is fundamentally impaired. A key role in epileptogenesis has been attributed to the CA1 region as the last relay station in the hippocampal circuit and as site of aberrant plasticity, e.g. mediated by acquired channelopathies. The transcriptional profiles of the distinct hippocampal neurons are highly dynamic during epileptogenesis. Here, we aimed to elucidate the early SE-elicited mRNA signature changes and the respective upstream regulatory cascades in CA1. RNA sequencing of CA1 was performed in the mouse pilocarpine-induced SE model at multiple time points ranging from 6 to 72 h after the initial insult. Bioinformatics was used to decipher altered gene expression, signalling cascades and their corresponding cell type profiles. Robust transcriptomic changes were detected at 6 h after SE and at subsequent time points during early epileptogenesis. Major differentially expressed mRNAs encoded primarily immediate early and excitability-related gene products, as well as genes encoding immune signalling factors. Binding sites for the transcription factors Nfkb1, Spi1, Irf8, and two Runx family members, were enriched within promoters of differentially expressed genes related to major inflammatory processes, whereas the transcriptional repressors Suz12, Nfe2l2 and Rest were associated with hyperexcitability and GABA / glutamate receptor activity. CA1 quickly responds to SE by inducing transcription of genes linked to inflammation and excitation stress. Transcription factors mediating this transcriptomic switch represent targets for new highly selected, cell type and time window-specific anti-epileptogenic strategies.
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Grants
- SCHO 820/4-1, SCHO 820/6-1, SCHO 820/7-1, SCHO 820/5-2, SPP1757, SFB1089, FOR 2715 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- SCHO 820/4-1, SCHO 820/6-1, SCHO 820/7-1, SCHO 820/5-2, SPP1757, SFB1089, FOR 2715 Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
- Promotionskolleg 'NeuroImmunology' Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung
- Promotionskolleg 'NeuroImmunology' Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung
- BONFOR program of the Medical Faculty, University of Bonn
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (1040)
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel S Galvis-Montes
- Department of Epileptology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Karen M J van Loo
- Department of Epileptology, Neurology, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Rainer Surges
- Department of Epileptology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne Schoch
- Department of Epileptology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Section for Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Albert J Becker
- Section for Translational Epilepsy Research, Department of Neuropathology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julika Pitsch
- Department of Epileptology, Medical Faculty, University of Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
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7
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Awuah WA, Ahluwalia A, Ghosh S, Roy S, Tan JK, Adebusoye FT, Ferreira T, Bharadwaj HR, Shet V, Kundu M, Yee ALW, Abdul-Rahman T, Atallah O. The molecular landscape of neurological disorders: insights from single-cell RNA sequencing in neurology and neurosurgery. Eur J Med Res 2023; 28:529. [PMID: 37974227 PMCID: PMC10652629 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-023-01504-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell ribonucleic acid sequencing (scRNA-seq) has emerged as a transformative technology in neurological and neurosurgical research, revolutionising our comprehension of complex neurological disorders. In brain tumours, scRNA-seq has provided valuable insights into cancer heterogeneity, the tumour microenvironment, treatment resistance, and invasion patterns. It has also elucidated the brain tri-lineage cancer hierarchy and addressed limitations of current models. Neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis have been molecularly subtyped, dysregulated pathways have been identified, and potential therapeutic targets have been revealed using scRNA-seq. In epilepsy, scRNA-seq has explored the cellular and molecular heterogeneity underlying the condition, uncovering unique glial subpopulations and dysregulation of the immune system. ScRNA-seq has characterised distinct cellular constituents and responses to spinal cord injury in spinal cord diseases, as well as provided molecular signatures of various cell types and identified interactions involved in vascular remodelling. Furthermore, scRNA-seq has shed light on the molecular complexities of cerebrovascular diseases, such as stroke, providing insights into specific genes, cell-specific expression patterns, and potential therapeutic interventions. This review highlights the potential of scRNA-seq in guiding precision medicine approaches, identifying clinical biomarkers, and facilitating therapeutic discovery. However, challenges related to data analysis, standardisation, sample acquisition, scalability, and cost-effectiveness need to be addressed. Despite these challenges, scRNA-seq has the potential to transform clinical practice in neurological and neurosurgical research by providing personalised insights and improving patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wireko Andrew Awuah
- Faculty of Medicine, Sumy State University, Zamonstanksya 7, Sumy, 40007, Ukraine
| | | | - Shankaneel Ghosh
- Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Sakshi Roy
- School of Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | | | - Tomas Ferreira
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, School of Clinical Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Vallabh Shet
- Faculty of Medicine, Bangalore Medical College and Research Institute, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Mrinmoy Kundu
- Institute of Medical Sciences and SUM Hospital, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - Toufik Abdul-Rahman
- Faculty of Medicine, Sumy State University, Zamonstanksya 7, Sumy, 40007, Ukraine
| | - Oday Atallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
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8
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Miller KE, Rivaldi AC, Shinagawa N, Sran S, Navarro JB, Westfall JJ, Miller AR, Roberts RD, Akkari Y, Supinger R, Hester ME, Marhabaie M, Gade M, Lu J, Rodziyevska O, Bhattacharjee MB, Von Allmen GK, Yang E, Lidov HGW, Harini C, Shah MN, Leonard J, Pindrik J, Shaikhouni A, Goldman JE, Pierson CR, Thomas DL, Boué DR, Ostendorf AP, Mardis ER, Poduri A, Koboldt DC, Heinzen EL, Bedrosian TA. Post-zygotic rescue of meiotic errors causes brain mosaicism and focal epilepsy. Nat Genet 2023; 55:1920-1928. [PMID: 37872450 PMCID: PMC10714261 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-023-01547-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Somatic mosaicism is a known cause of neurological disorders, including developmental brain malformations and epilepsy. Brain mosaicism is traditionally attributed to post-zygotic genetic alterations arising in fetal development. Here we describe post-zygotic rescue of meiotic errors as an alternate origin of brain mosaicism in patients with focal epilepsy who have mosaic chromosome 1q copy number gains. Genomic analysis showed evidence of an extra parentally derived chromosome 1q allele in the resected brain tissue from five of six patients. This copy number gain is observed only in patient brain tissue, but not in blood or buccal cells, and is strongly enriched in astrocytes. Astrocytes carrying chromosome 1q gains exhibit distinct gene expression signatures and hyaline inclusions, supporting a novel genetic association for astrocytic inclusions in epilepsy. Further, these data demonstrate an alternate mechanism of brain chromosomal mosaicism, with parentally derived copy number gain isolated to brain, reflecting rescue in other tissues during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine E Miller
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Adithe C Rivaldi
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Noriyuki Shinagawa
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Sahib Sran
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jason B Navarro
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jesse J Westfall
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Anthony R Miller
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ryan D Roberts
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Yassmine Akkari
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Rachel Supinger
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mark E Hester
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Mohammad Marhabaie
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Meethila Gade
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics in the Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Jinfeng Lu
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics in the Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Olga Rodziyevska
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Gretchen K Von Allmen
- Division of Child Neurology, Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
- Department of Neurology, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Edward Yang
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hart G W Lidov
- Department of Pathology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chellamani Harini
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Manish N Shah
- Departments of Pediatric Surgery and Neurosurgery, McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jeffrey Leonard
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Jonathan Pindrik
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Ammar Shaikhouni
- Department of Neurosurgery, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - James E Goldman
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Christopher R Pierson
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Biomedical Education & Anatomy, Division of Anatomy, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Diana L Thomas
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Daniel R Boué
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Adam P Ostendorf
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Elaine R Mardis
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Annapurna Poduri
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel C Koboldt
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Erin L Heinzen
- Division of Pharmacotherapy and Experimental Therapeutics in the Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Genetics in the School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Tracy A Bedrosian
- Institute for Genomic Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
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9
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Fang LP, Bai X. Oligodendrocyte precursor cells: the multitaskers in the brain. Pflugers Arch 2023; 475:1035-1044. [PMID: 37401986 PMCID: PMC10409806 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-023-02837-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Abstract
In the central nervous system, oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) are recognized as the progenitors responsible for the generation of oligodendrocytes, which play a critical role in myelination. Extensive research has shed light on the mechanisms underlying OPC proliferation and differentiation into mature myelin-forming oligodendrocytes. However, recent advances in the field have revealed that OPCs have multiple functions beyond their role as progenitors, exerting control over neural circuits and brain function through distinct pathways. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of OPCs by first introducing their well-established features. Subsequently, we delve into the emerging roles of OPCs in modulating brain function in both healthy and diseased states. Unraveling the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which OPCs influence brain function holds great promise for identifying novel therapeutic targets for central nervous system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pao Fang
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
| | - Xianshu Bai
- Molecular Physiology, Center for Integrative Physiology and Molecular Medicine, University of Saarland, 66421 Homburg, Germany
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10
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Hu Y, Yao Y, Qi H, Yang J, Zhang C, Zhang A, Liu X, Zhang C, Gan G, Zhu X. Microglia sense and suppress epileptic neuronal hyperexcitability. Pharmacol Res 2023; 195:106881. [PMID: 37541638 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2023.106881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Microglia are the resident immune cells of the central nervous system, undertaking surveillance role and reacting to brain homeostasis and neurological diseases. Recent studies indicate that microglia modulate epilepsy-induced neuronal activities, however, the mechanisms underlying microglia-neuron communication in epilepsy are still unclear. Here we report that epileptic neuronal hyperexcitability activates microglia and drives microglial ATP/ADP hydrolyzing ectoenzyme CD39 (encoded by Entpd1) expression via recruiting the cAMP responsive element binding protein (CREB)-regulated transcription coactivator-1 (CRTC1) from cytoplasm to the nucleus and binding to CREB. Activated microglia in turn suppress epileptic neuronal hyperexcitability in a CD39 dependent manner. Disrupting microglial CREB/CRTC1 signaling, however, decreases CD39 expression and diminishes the inhibitory effect of microglia on epileptic neuronal hyperexcitability. Overall, our findings reveal CD39-dependent control of epileptic neuronal hyperexcitability by microglia is through an excitation-transcription coupling mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Hu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Honggang Qi
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jiurong Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Canyu Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Aifeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiufang Liu
- Department of Pathogenic Biology and Immunology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- Transmission Electron Microscopy Center, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guangming Gan
- Transmission Electron Microscopy Center, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China; Department of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xinjian Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, China.
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11
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Faissner A. Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein-1 (LRP1) in the glial lineage modulates neuronal excitability. FRONTIERS IN NETWORK PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 3:1190240. [PMID: 37383546 PMCID: PMC10293750 DOI: 10.3389/fnetp.2023.1190240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
The low-density lipoprotein related protein receptor 1 (LRP1), also known as CD91 or α-Macroglobulin-receptor, is a transmembrane receptor that interacts with more than 40 known ligands. It plays an important biological role as receptor of morphogens, extracellular matrix molecules, cytokines, proteases, protease inhibitors and pathogens. In the CNS, it has primarily been studied as a receptor and clearance agent of pathogenic factors such as Aβ-peptide and, lately, Tau protein that is relevant for tissue homeostasis and protection against neurodegenerative processes. Recently, it was found that LRP1 expresses the Lewis-X (Lex) carbohydrate motif and is expressed in the neural stem cell compartment. The removal of Lrp1 from the cortical radial glia compartment generates a strong phenotype with severe motor deficits, seizures and a reduced life span. The present review discusses approaches that have been taken to address the neurodevelopmental significance of LRP1 by creating novel, lineage-specific constitutive or conditional knockout mouse lines. Deficits in the stem cell compartment may be at the root of severe CNS pathologies.
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12
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Kruk PK, Nader K, Skupien-Jaroszek A, Wójtowicz T, Buszka A, Olech-Kochańczyk G, Wilczynski GM, Worch R, Kalita K, Włodarczyk J, Dzwonek J. Astrocytic CD44 Deficiency Reduces the Severity of Kainate-Induced Epilepsy. Cells 2023; 12:1483. [PMID: 37296604 PMCID: PMC10252631 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epilepsy affects millions of people worldwide, yet we still lack a successful treatment for all epileptic patients. Most of the available drugs modulate neuronal activity. Astrocytes, the most abundant cells in the brain, may constitute alternative drug targets. A robust expansion of astrocytic cell bodies and processes occurs after seizures. Highly expressed in astrocytes, CD44 adhesion protein is upregulated during injury and is suggested to be one of the most important proteins associated with epilepsy. It connects the astrocytic cytoskeleton to hyaluronan in the extracellular matrix, influencing both structural and functional aspects of brain plasticity. METHODS Herein, we used transgenic mice with an astrocyte CD44 knockout to evaluate the impact of the hippocampal CD44 absence on the development of epileptogenesis and ultrastructural changes at the tripartite synapse. RESULTS We demonstrated that local, virally-induced CD44 deficiency in hippocampal astrocytes reduces reactive astrogliosis and decreases the progression of kainic acid-induced epileptogenesis. We also observed that CD44 deficiency resulted in structural changes evident in a higher dendritic spine number along with a lower percentage of astrocyte-synapse contacts, and decreased post-synaptic density size in the hippocampal molecular layer of the dentate gyrus. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our study indicates that CD44 signaling may be important for astrocytic coverage of synapses in the hippocampus and that alterations of astrocytes translate to functional changes in the pathology of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja K. Kruk
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Karolina Nader
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki-EMBL Partnership for Neural Plasticity and Brain Disorders-Braincity, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Skupien-Jaroszek
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Wójtowicz
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Buszka
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gabriela Olech-Kochańczyk
- Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Neuromorphology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz M. Wilczynski
- Laboratory of Molecular and Structural Neuromorphology, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Remigiusz Worch
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kalita
- Laboratory of Neurobiology, Nencki-EMBL Partnership for Neural Plasticity and Brain Disorders-Braincity, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Włodarczyk
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Joanna Dzwonek
- Laboratory of Cell Biophysics, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 3 Pasteura St, 02-093 Warsaw, Poland
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13
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Microglia drive transient insult-induced brain injury by chemotactic recruitment of CD8 + T lymphocytes. Neuron 2023; 111:696-710.e9. [PMID: 36603584 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2022.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The crosstalk between the nervous and immune systems has gained increasing attention for its emerging role in neurological diseases. Radiation-induced brain injury (RIBI) remains the most common medical complication of cranial radiotherapy, and its pathological mechanisms have yet to be elucidated. Here, using single-cell RNA and T cell receptor sequencing, we found infiltration and clonal expansion of CD8+ T lymphocytes in the lesioned brain tissues of RIBI patients. Furthermore, by strategies of genetic or pharmacologic interruption, we identified a chemotactic action of microglia-derived CCL2/CCL8 chemokines in mediating the infiltration of CCR2+/CCR5+ CD8+ T cells and tissue damage in RIBI mice. Such a chemotactic axis also participated in the progression of cerebral infarction in the mouse model of ischemic injury. Our findings therefore highlight the critical role of microglia in mediating the dysregulation of adaptive immune responses and reveal a potential therapeutic strategy for non-infectious brain diseases.
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14
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Pai B, Tome‑Garcia J, Cheng WS, Nudelman G, Beaumont KG, Ghatan S, Panov F, Caballero E, Sarpong K, Marcuse L, Yoo J, Jiang Y, Schaefer A, Akbarian S, Sebra R, Pinto D, Zaslavsky E, Tsankova NM. Correction: High-resolution transcriptomics informs glial pathology in human temporal lobe epilepsy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2022; 10:171. [DOI: 10.1186/s40478-022-01479-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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