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Xu Z, Yu K, Zhang M, Ju Y, He J, Jiang Y, Li Y, Jiang J. Accurate Clinical Detection of Vitamin D by Mass Spectrometry: A Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-25. [PMID: 38376891 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2316237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is thought to be associated with a wide range of diseases, including diabetes, cancer, depression, neurodegenerative diseases, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. This vitamin D deficiency is a global epidemic affecting both developing and developed countries and therefore qualitative and quantitative analysis of vitamin D in a clinical context is essential. Mass spectrometry has played an increasingly important role in the clinical analysis of vitamin D because of its accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and the ability to detect multiple substances at the same time. Despite their many advantages, mass spectrometry-based methods are not without analytical challenges. Front-end and back-end challenges such as protein precipitation, analyte extraction, derivatization, mass spectrometer functionality, must be carefully considered to provide accurate and robust analysis of vitamin D through a well-designed approach with continuous control by internal and external quality control. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive overview of the development of mass spectrometry methods for vitamin D accurate analysis, including emphasis on status markers, deleterious effects of biological matrices, derivatization reactions, effects of ionization sources, contribution of epimers, standardization of assays between laboratories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhilong Xu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Kai Yu
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Yun Ju
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Jing He
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
| | - Yanxiao Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
| | - Yunuo Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- School of Marine Science and Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology (Weihai), Weihai, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China
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Choi YK, Cheon DH, Yang WS, Baek JH. A Graphene-Coated Silicon Wafer Plate Improves the Sensitivity and Reproducibility of MALDI-TOF MS Analysis of Proteins. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:2034-2042. [PMID: 37540813 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is widely used to analyze small and large molecules. However, proteins are difficult to analyze with MALDI-TOF MS in clinical applications because of their low ionization efficiency and heterogeneous crystallization with the matrix on the sample spots. Here, we investigate the potential of a customized graphene-coated silicon wafer (G/SiO2) plate for MALDI-TOF MS analysis of a clinically important protein, KPC-2, in comparison with a conventional stainless steel (SUS) plate. Our results demonstrate that the G/SiO2 plate outperforms the SUS plate in terms of sensitivity, reproducibility, and mass accuracy/precision across a wide range of molecular weights, even with highly complex samples. Furthermore, a five-day robustness test confirms the practical applicability of the G/SiO2 plate for the reliable identification of target protein(s) in MALDI-TOF MS analysis. Overall, our findings suggest that the use of the G/SiO2 plate holds great potential for improving the sensitivity and reproducibility of MALDI-TOF MS analysis for the identification of proteins, making it a promising tool for clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon Kyung Choi
- R&D Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04805, Korea
| | - Dong Huey Cheon
- R&D Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04805, Korea
| | - Won Suk Yang
- R&D Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04805, Korea
| | - Je-Hyun Baek
- R&D Center for Clinical Mass Spectrometry, Seegene Medical Foundation, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04805, Korea
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