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Hobusch M, Kırtel O, Meramo S, Sukumara S, Hededam Welner D. A life cycle assessment of early-stage enzyme manufacturing simulations from sustainable feedstocks. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 400:130653. [PMID: 38575094 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Enzyme-catalyzed reactions have relatively small environmental footprints. However, enzyme manufacturing significantly impacts the environment through dependence on traditional feedstocks. With the objective of determining the environmental impacts of enzyme production, the sustainability potential of six cradle-to-gate enzyme manufacturing systems focusing on glucose, sea lettuce, acetate, straw, and phototrophic growth, was thoroughly evaluated. Human and ecosystem toxicity categories dominated the overall impacts. Sea lettuce, straw, or phototrophic growth reduces fermentation-based emissions by 51.0, 63.7, and 79.7%, respectively. Substituting glucose-rich media demonstrated great potential to reduce marine eutrophication, land use, and ozone depletion. Replacing organic nitrogen sources with inorganic ones could further lower these impacts. Location-specific differences in electricity result in a 14% and a 27% reduction in the carbon footprint for operation in Denmark compared to the US and China. Low-impact feedstocks can be competitive if they manage to achieve substrate utilization rates and productivity levels of conventional enzyme production processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Hobusch
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Onur Kırtel
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Samir Meramo
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Sumesh Sukumara
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Ditte Hededam Welner
- The Novo Nordisk Center for Biosustainability, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet 220, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
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Wang X, Zhang Y, Wang D, Su N, Yang L, Fu H, Zhang J, Li M, Wang C. Protective effects of Aureobasidium pullulans lysate on UV-damaged human skin fibroblasts and HaCaT cells. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2023; 10:55. [PMID: 38647892 PMCID: PMC10992526 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-023-00678-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aureobasidium pullulans (A. pullulans) has a wide range of applications. Ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun can cause skin photoaging. In order to explore the protective effect and application potential of A. pullulans lysate on UV-damaged human skin fibroblasts (HSF) and HaCaT Cells, this study investigates the anti-aging and anti-inflammatory effects of A. pullulans lysate as well as the mechanism of anti-oxidative stress at the cellular and molecular levels through cytotoxicity experiments, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA), and real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). RESULTS The experimental results have shown that the A. pullulans lysate can effectively reduce the loss of extracellular matrix components (EMC), such as collagen and hyaluronic acid (HA). It is also capable of scavenging excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) from the body, thereby increasing the activity of catalase, decreasing the overexpression of intracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), enhancing the gene expression of metalloproteinase inhibitors (TIMPs), and decreasing the level of inflammatory factors, reducing UV-induced apoptosis of HaCaT cells. Meanwhile, oxidative stress homeostasis is also regulated through the Nrf2/Keap1 and MAPK signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that the A. pullulans lysate has the potential to resist photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongtao Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongdong Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ning Su
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yang
- Beijing Sino-German Union Cosmetic Institute Co., Ltd, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiachan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Changtao Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Research and Development, College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Cosmetic Regulatory Science, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Khatun MS, Hassanpour M, Mussatto SI, Harrison MD, Speight RE, O'Hara IM, Zhang Z. Transformation of sugarcane molasses into fructooligosaccharides with enhanced prebiotic activity using whole-cell biocatalysts from Aureobasidium pullulans FRR 5284 and an invertase-deficient Saccharomyces cerevisiae 1403-7A. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:85. [PMID: 38650262 PMCID: PMC10992603 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00438-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Fructooligosaccharides (FOS) can be used as feed prebiotics, but are limited by high production costs. In this study, low-cost sugarcane molasses was used to produce whole-cell biocatalysts containing transfructosylating enzymes by Aureobasidium pullulans FRR 5284, followed by FOS production from molasses using the whole-cells of A. pullulans. A. pullulans in molasses-based medium produced cells and broth with a total transfructosylating activity of 123.6 U/mL compared to 61.0 and 85.8 U/mL in synthetic molasses-based and sucrose-based media, respectively. It was found that inclusion of glucose in sucrose medium reduced both transfructosylating and hydrolytic activities of the produced cells and broth. With the use of pure glucose medium, cells and broth had very low levels of transfructosylating activities and hydrolytic activities were not detected. These results indicated that A. pullulans FRR 5284 produced both constitutive and inducible enzymes in sucrose-rich media, such as molasses while it only produced constitutive enzymes in the glucose media. Furthermore, treatment of FOS solutions generated from sucrose-rich solutions using an invertase-deficient Saccharomyces yeast converted glucose to ethanol and acetic acid and improved FOS content in total sugars by 20-30%. Treated FOS derived from molasses improved the in vitro growth of nine probiotic strains by 9-63% compared to a commercial FOS in 12 h incubation. This study demonstrated the potential of using molasses to produce FOS for feed application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Most Sheauly Khatun
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Morteza Hassanpour
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Solange I Mussatto
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, Søltofts Plads, Building 223, 2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Mark D Harrison
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Robert E Speight
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QUT, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Ian M O'Hara
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QUT, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
| | - Zhanying Zhang
- Centre for Agriculture and the Bioeconomy, Faculty of Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Synthetic Biology, QUT, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia.
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