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Oppermann K, Spritzer PM. Prevalence and risk factors associated with diabetes mellitus among middle-aged women in southern Brazil: a population-based study. Menopause 2024; 31:225-230. [PMID: 38385732 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000002320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate prevalence and clinical factors associated with diabetes among middle-aged women. METHODS In this cross-sectional population-based study, clinical and laboratory examinations were collected from 298 women. Participants wore a digital pedometer for 7 days to assess habitual physical activity. Abdominal computed tomography scans were performed to measure total fat area and visceral fat area. RESULTS Mean age was 57.1 years (SD, 5.4 y); 78.7% of women were postmenopausal. The prevalence of diabetes was 17.1%. Women with diabetes were older (P = 0.02); worked fewer hours per week in the past month (P = 0.04); had an earlier age at menarche (P = 0.03); were more frequently inactive (P = 0.01); had higher body mass index (P = 0.01), higher waist circumference (P < 0.01), higher visceral (P < 0.01), and higher total fat (P < 0.01) but not subcutaneous fat (P = 0.14); and had higher systolic blood pressure (BP) (P < 0.01). There was a prevalence of 19.5% of current smoking, 32.5% of alcohol use, and 16.1% of current hormone therapy use, prevalence similar among the groups of women. There was a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome (P < 0.01) and statin use (P < 0.01) in women with diabetes. A higher prevalence ratio of diabetes was associated with physical inactivity (prevalence ratio, 2.137; 95% CI, 1.056-4.325; P < 0.03). The odds of having diabetes increased by 12% for each year of earlier menarche and by 1.4% for each millimeter of mercury increase in systolic BP. CONCLUSION The prevalence of diabetes was 17.1%. Age, physical inactivity, early age at menarche, and systolic BP were independently associated with higher prevalence of diabetes in this unselected population of middle-aged women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Oppermann
- From the Medicine School, Universidade de Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo, Brazil
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Harlow SD, Sievert LL, LaCroix AZ, Mishra GD, Woods NF. Women's midlife health: the unfinished research agenda. Womens Midlife Health 2023; 9:7. [PMID: 37784201 PMCID: PMC10546728 DOI: 10.1186/s40695-023-00090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sioban D Harlow
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, 1415 Washington Heights, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-2029, USA.
| | | | - Andrea Z LaCroix
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California San Diego, San Diego, USA
| | - Gita D Mishra
- Australian Women and Girls' Health Research Center, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Seattle, Australia
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de Santis IP, Lindenau JDR, Ramos RB, Silva TR, Casanova G, Oppermann K, Spritzer PM. C-reactive protein gene rs1205 polymorphism is associated with low-grade chronic inflammation in postmenopausal women. Womens Midlife Health 2020; 6:3. [PMID: 32514365 PMCID: PMC7254645 DOI: 10.1186/s40695-020-00051-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death in postmenopausal women, and inflammation is a key mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) has been used as a biomarker of inflammation. Considering that CRP gene rs1205 polymorphism has been associated with hs-CRP circulating levels, we evaluated whether rs1205 genotypes influence the presence of low-grade chronic inflammation, acting as a marker of cardiovascular risk. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study with biobanked blood samples from 327 postmenopausal women with no evidence of clinical disease. Genotyping for rs1205 C > T SNP of the CRP gene was done by real-time polymerase chain reaction with allelic discrimination assays. Results Mean age was 55.6 ± 5.6 years. Mean body mass index (BMI) was 27.3 ± 4.7. Participants were divided according to hs-CRP levels: ≥3 mg/l (low-grade chronic inflammation) or < 3 mg/l. The frequency of allele C at rs1205 was 74.2% in the hs-CRP ≥ 3 mg/l group vs. 59% in the hs-CRP < 3 mg/l. In a multivariable model, higher prevalence of hs-CRP ≥ 3 mg/l was associated with CC genotype (PR 1.53; 95%CI 1.07-2.18; p = 0.018) and waist circumference ≥ 88 cm (PR 2.45; 95%CI 1.66-3.60; p < 0.001). Conclusions CRP rs1205 CC homozygotes may be at higher risk of a low-grade chronic inflammatory status compared to individuals carrying the T allele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iriane Prado de Santis
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, CEP, Porto Alegre, RS 90035 003 Brazil
| | - Juliana Dal-Ri Lindenau
- Department of Cell Biology, Embriology and Genetics, Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC Brazil
| | - Ramon Bossardi Ramos
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, CEP, Porto Alegre, RS 90035 003 Brazil.,Health Sciences School, Universidade Anhembi Morumbi, São Paulo, SP Brazil
| | - Thais Rasia Silva
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, CEP, Porto Alegre, RS 90035 003 Brazil
| | - Gislaine Casanova
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, CEP, Porto Alegre, RS 90035 003 Brazil.,Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, RS Brazil
| | - Karen Oppermann
- Medical School of Universidade de Passo Fundo and São Vicente de Paulo Hospital, Rua Teixeira Soares 885/704, CEP, Passo Fundo, RS 99010-081 Brazil
| | - Poli Mara Spritzer
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2350, CEP, Porto Alegre, RS 90035 003 Brazil.,Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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Oppermann K, Colpani V, Spritzer PM. Risk factors associated with coronary artery calcification in midlife women: a population-based study. Gynecol Endocrinol 2019; 35:904-908. [PMID: 31006278 DOI: 10.1080/09513590.2019.1604656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between individual risk factors and coronary artery calcification (CAC), as a marker of subclinical cardiovascular disease, in a population-based nested cross-sectional study of midlife women. Anthropometric and metabolic data from 295 women from the South of Brazil were analyzed. Habitual physical activity was assessed by pedometer. CAC was assessed by a multi-detector computed tomography system. Average Agatston score was used to stratify participants as CAC > 0 and CAC = 0. Women with CAC > 0 (34.7%) were older (58.7 ± 5.4 vs. 56.3 ± 5.2 years, p < .001) and had higher prevalence of central adiposity (71 vs. 59%, p = .04) and hypertension (71 vs. 52%, p = .002) than women in the CAC = 0 group. Hormone therapy (HT) was more prevalent in the group with CAC = 0 (19.7 vs. 9.8%, p = .029). The prevalence ratios for CAC > 0 were 0.545 (95%CI:0.309-0.962, p = .036) for HT and 1.752 (95%CI:1.207-2.541, p = .003) for hypertension, after adjustment for age, educational level, smoking, alcohol intake, and physical activity. The present data in a population-based sample of midlife women indicate that hypertension and age were positively associated with higher risk for CAC > 0 and HT was related with CAC = 0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Oppermann
- Department of Gynecology, Medical School of Passo Fundo University, Passo Fundo, Brazil
- Department of Gynecology, São Vicente Hospital, Passo Fundo, Brazil
| | | | - Poli Mara Spritzer
- Gynecological Endocrinology Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Department of Physiology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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