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Arita K, Ogasawara I, Konda S, Matsuo T, Uno Y, Yoshida N, Zhang X, Nishizawa I, Liu J, Nakata K. Decreased moment of inertia of the lower limb facilitates a rapid hip internal rotation in a simulated foot impact maneuver. A laboratory-controlled biomechanical study for a precursor mechanism of noncontact anterior cruciate ligament injury. J Sports Med Phys Fitness 2024; 64:567-577. [PMID: 38436594 DOI: 10.23736/s0022-4707.23.15483-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anterior cruciate ligament injury frequently occurs in the deceleration with the knee-extended position. In addition, a rapid hip internal rotation is concomitantly observed. However, how the extended knee position induces the hip internal rotation is unclear. METHODS Sixteen healthy participants performed the simulated foot impact task on the experimental chair. To vary the knee flexion angle, the following four-foot placement positions relative to the pelvis segment, i.e.: 1) near; 2) middle; 3) far; and 4) far + heel strike, were tested. The reflective marker positions and the ground reaction force (GRF) data were collected. The moment of inertia of the entire lower limb around its long axis as well as the peak hip internal rotation angular velocity were calculated and compared among four conditions (Wilcoxon Signed-Rank Test with Bonferroni correction, P<0.0083). RESULTS As the knee extended from the near to far + heel strike condition, the moment of inertia of the entire lower limb significantly decreased and hip internal rotation angular velocity significantly increased (P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS The extended knee position with far foot placement from torso reduces the inertial resistance of the entire lower limb around its long axis and is vulnerable to the hip internal rotation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Arita
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Issei Ogasawara
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan -
- Department of Sports Medical Biomechanics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoji Konda
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Sports Medical Biomechanics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Matsuo
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Uno
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Natsuki Yoshida
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Izumi Nishizawa
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jianting Liu
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Nakata
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
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Ogasawara I, Ohta K, Revankar GS, Konda S, Shimokochi Y, Koga H, Nakata K. The deterministic condition for the ground reaction force acting point on the combined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation moments in early phase of cutting maneuvers in female athletes. JOURNAL OF SPORT AND HEALTH SCIENCE 2024; 13:376-386. [PMID: 38030065 PMCID: PMC11116999 DOI: 10.1016/j.jshs.2023.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Combined knee valgus and tibial internal rotation (VL + IR) moments have been shown to stress the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) in several in vitro cadaveric studies. To utilize this knowledge for non-contact ACL injury prevention in sports, it is necessary to elucidate how the ground reaction force (GRF) acting point (center of pressure (CoP)) in the stance foot produces combined knee VL + IR moments in risky maneuvers, such as cuttings. However, the effects of the GRF acting point on the development of the combined knee VL + IR moment in cutting are still unknown. METHODS We first established the deterministic mechanical condition that the CoP position relative to the tibial rotational axis differentiates the GRF vector's directional probability for developing the combined knee VL + IR moment, and theoretically predicted that when the CoP is posterior to the tibial rotational axis, the GRF vector is more likely to produce the combined knee VL + IR moment than when the CoP is anterior to the tibial rotational axis. Then, we tested a stochastic aspect of our theory in a lab-controlled in vivo experiment. Fourteen females performed 60° cutting under forefoot/rearfoot strike conditions (10 trials each). The positions of lower limb markers and GRF data were measured, and the knee moment due to GRF vector was calculated. The trials were divided into anterior- and posterior-CoP groups depending on the CoP position relative to the tibial rotational axis at each 10 ms interval from 0 to 100 ms after foot strike, and the occurrence rate of the combined knee VL + IR moment was compared between trial groups. RESULTS The posterior-CoP group showed significantly higher occurrence rates of the combined knee VL + IR moment (maximum of 82.8%) at every time point than those of the anterior-CoP trials, as theoretically predicted by the deterministic mechanical condition. CONCLUSION The rearfoot strikes inducing the posterior CoP should be avoided to reduce the risk of non-contact ACL injury associated with the combined knee VL + IR stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issei Ogasawara
- Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan.
| | - Ken Ohta
- Sports Sensing Co., LTD., Fukuoka 815-0035, Japan
| | - Gajanan S Revankar
- Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shoji Konda
- Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yohei Shimokochi
- Department of Health and Sport Management, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Sennan-gun 590-0496, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Koga
- Department of Joint Surgery and Sports Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku 113-8519, Japan
| | - Ken Nakata
- Department of Health and Sport Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan
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Yona T, Kamel N, Cohen-Eick G, Ovadia I, Fischer A. One-dimension statistical parametric mapping in lower limb biomechanical analysis: A systematic scoping review. Gait Posture 2024; 109:133-146. [PMID: 38306782 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2024.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomechanics significantly impacts sports performance and injury prevention. Traditional methods like discrete point analysis simplify continuous kinetic and kinematic data, while one-dimensional Statistical Parametric Mapping (spm1d) evaluates entire movement curves. Nevertheless, spm1d's application in sports and injury research is limited. As no systematic review exists, we conducted a scoping systematic review, synthesizing the current applications of spm1d across various populations, activities, and injuries. This review concludes by identifying gaps in the literature and suggesting areas for future research. RESEARCH QUESTION What research exists using spm1d in sports biomechanics, focusing on the lower limbs, in what populations, and what are the current research gaps? METHODS We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and ProQuest databases for the following search string: "(((knee) OR (hip)) OR (ankle)) OR (foot) OR (feet) AND (statistical parametric mapping)". English peer-reviewed studies assessing lower limb kinetics or kinematics in different sports or sports-related injuries were included. Reviews, meta-analyses, conference abstracts, and grey literature were excluded. RESULTS Our search yielded 165 papers published since 2012. Among these, 112 examined healthy individuals (67 %), and 53 focused on injured populations (33 %). Running (n = 45), cutting (n = 25), and jumping/landing (n = 18) were the most common activities. The predominant injuries were anterior cruciate ligament rupture (n = 21), chronic ankle instability (n = 18), and hip-related pain (n = 9). The main research gaps included the unbalanced populations, underrepresentation of common sports and sport-related injuries, gender inequality, a lack of studies in non-laboratory settings, a lack of studies on varied sports gear, and a lack of reporting standardization. SIGNIFICANCE This review spotlights crucial gaps in spm1d research within sports biomechanics. Key issues include a lack of studies beyond laboratory settings, underrepresentation of various sports and injuries, and gender disparities in research populations. Addressing these gaps can significantly enhance the application of spm1d in sports performance, injury analysis, and rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomer Yona
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Netanel Kamel
- The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Galya Cohen-Eick
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Inbar Ovadia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Arielle Fischer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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Zeng Z, Liu Y, Li P, Wang L. Validity and reliability of inertial measurement units measurements for running kinematics in different foot strike pattern runners. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:1005496. [PMID: 36582839 PMCID: PMC9793257 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.1005496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of the three-dimensional joint kinematic outcomes obtained by the inertial measurement units (IMUs) for runners with rearfoot strike pattern (RFS) and non-rearfoot strike pattern (NRFS). The IMUs system and optical motion capture system were used to simultaneous collect 3D kinematic of lower extremity joint data from participants running at 12 km/h. The joint angle waveforms showed a high correlation between the two systems after the offset correction in the sagittal plane (NRFS: coefficient of multiple correlation (CMC) = 0.924-0.968, root mean square error (RMSE) = 4.6°-13.7°; RFS: CMC = 0.930-0.965, RMSE = 3.1°-7.7°), but revealed high variability in the frontal and transverse planes (NRFS: CMC = 0.924-0.968, RMSE = 4.6°-13.7°; RFS: CMC = 0.930-0.965, RMSE = 3.1°-7.7°). The between-rater and between-day reliability were shown to be very good to excellent in the sagittal plane (between-rater: NRFS: CMC = 0.967-0.975, RMSE = 1.9°-2.9°, RFS: CMC = 0.922-0.989, RMSE = 1.0°-2.5°; between-day: NRFS: CMC = 0.950-0.978, RMSE = 1.6°-2.7°, RFS: CMC = 0.920-0.989, RMSE = 1.7°-2.2°), whereas the reliability was weak to very good (between-rater: NRFS: CMC = 0.480-0.947, RMSE = 1.1°-2.7°, RFS: CMC = 0.646-0.873, RMSE = 0.7°-2.4°; between-day: NRFS: CMC = 0.666-0.867, RMSE = 0.7°-2.8°, RFS: CMC = 0.321-0.805, RMSE = 0.9°-5.0°) in the frontal and transverse planes across all joints in both types of runners. The IMUs system was a feasible tool for measuring lower extremity joint kinematics in the sagittal plane during running, especially for RFS runners. However, the joint kinematics data in frontal and transverse planes derived by the IMUs system need to be used with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Zeng
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Yue Liu
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Pan Li
- School of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Exercise and Health Sciences (Shanghai University of Sport), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China,*Correspondence: Lin Wang,
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Ogasawara I, Nambo M, Uno Y, Revankar GS, Umegaki K, Cheng H, Konda S, Matsuo T, Mae T, Hashizume K, Nakata K. The counteracting effect of the friction moment against the tibial rotational moment driven by the ground reaction force in an early stance phase of cutting maneuver among healthy male athletes. J Sports Sci 2022; 40:2072-2084. [DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2022.2133392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Issei Ogasawara
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama-cho 560-0043, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Sports Medical Biomechanics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Megumi Nambo
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama-cho 560-0043, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuki Uno
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama-cho 560-0043, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gajanan S. Revankar
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama-cho 560-0043, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
- Institute for Transdisciplinary Graduate Degree Programs, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaho Umegaki
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama-cho 560-0043, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haotian Cheng
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama-cho 560-0043, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shoji Konda
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama-cho 560-0043, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Sports Medical Biomechanics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Matsuo
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama-cho 560-0043, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Mae
- Department of Sports Medical Biomechanics, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamada-oka 565-0871, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Hashizume
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama-cho 560-0043, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
| | - Ken Nakata
- Department of Health and Sports Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-17 Machikaneyama-cho 560-0043, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan
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