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Müller WEG, Neufurth M, Wang S, Schröder HC, Wang X. Polyphosphate Nanoparticles: Balancing Energy Requirements in Tissue Regeneration Processes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2309528. [PMID: 38470207 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
Nanoparticles of a particular, evolutionarily old inorganic polymer found across the biological kingdoms have attracted increasing interest in recent years not only because of their crucial role in metabolism but also their potential medical applicability: it is inorganic polyphosphate (polyP). This ubiquitous linear polymer is composed of 10-1000 phosphate residues linked by high-energy anhydride bonds. PolyP causes induction of gene activity, provides phosphate for bone mineralization, and serves as an energy supplier through enzymatic cleavage of its acid anhydride bonds and subsequent ATP formation. The biomedical breakthrough of polyP came with the development of a successful fabrication process, in depot form, as Ca- or Mg-polyP nanoparticles, or as the directly effective polymer, as soluble Na-polyP, for regenerative repair and healing processes, especially in tissue areas with insufficient blood supply. Physiologically, the platelets are the main vehicles for polyP nanoparticles in the circulating blood. To be biomedically active, these particles undergo coacervation. This review provides an overview of the properties of polyP and polyP nanoparticles for applications in the regeneration and repair of bone, cartilage, and skin. In addition to studies on animal models, the first successful proof-of-concept studies on humans for the healing of chronic wounds are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, D-55128, Mainz, Germany
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Natsir Kalla DS, Alkaabi S, Fauzi A, Tajrin A, Nurrahma R, Müller WEG, Schröder HC, Wang X, Forouzanfar T, Helder MN, Ruslin M. Microfragmented Fat and Biphasic Calcium Phosphates for Alveolar Cleft Repair: Protocol for a Prospective, Nonblinded, First-in-Human Clinical Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e42371. [PMID: 38224475 PMCID: PMC10825761 DOI: 10.2196/42371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biphasic calcium phosphates (BCP) may serve as off-the-shelf alternatives for iliac crest-derived autologous bone in alveolar cleft reconstructions. To add osteoinductivity to the osteoconductive BCPs to achieve similar regenerative capacity as autologous bone, a locally harvested buccal fat pad will be mechanically fractionated to generate microfragmented fat (MFAT), which has been shown to have high regenerative capacity due to high pericyte and mesenchymal stem cell content and a preserved perivascular niche. OBJECTIVE Our primary objectives will be to assess the feasibility and safety of the BCP-MFAT combination. The secondary objective will be efficacy, which will be evaluated using radiographic imaging and histological and histomorphometric evaluation of biopsies taken 6 months postoperatively, concomitant with dental implant placement. METHODS Eight patients with alveolar cleft (≥15 years) will be included in this prospective, nonblinded, first-in-human clinical study. MFAT will be prepared intraoperatively from the patient's own buccal fat pad. Regular blood tests and physical examinations will be conducted, and any adverse events (AEs) or serious EAs (SAEs) will be meticulously recorded. Radiographic imaging will be performed prior to surgery and at regular intervals after reconstruction of the alveolar cleft with the BCP-MFAT combination. Biopsies obtained after 6 months with a trephine drill used to prepare the implantation site will be assessed with histological and histomorphometric analyses after methylmethacrylate embedding and sectioning. RESULTS The primary outcome parameter will be safety after 6 months' follow-up, as monitored closely using possible occurrences of SAEs based on radiographic imaging, blood tests, and physical examinations. For efficacy, radiographic imaging will be used for clinical grading of the bone construct using the Bergland scale. In addition, bone parameters such as bone volume, osteoid volume, graft volume, and number of osteoclasts will be histomorphometrically quantified. Recruitment started in November 2019, and the trial is currently in the follow-up stage. This protocol's current version is 1.0, dated September 15, 2019. CONCLUSIONS In this first-in-human study, not only safety but also the histologically and radiographically assessed regenerative potential of the BCP-MFAT combination will be evaluated in an alveolar cleft model. When an SAE occurs, it will be concluded that the BCP-MFAT combination is not yet safe in the current setting. Regarding AEs, if they do not occur at a higher frequency than that in patients treated with standard care (autologous bone) or can be resolved by noninvasive conventional methods (eg, with analgesics or antibiotics), the BCP-MFAT combination will be considered safe. In all other cases, the BCP-MFAT combination will not yet be considered safe. TRIAL REGISTRATION Indonesia Clinical Trial Registry INA-EW74C1N; https://tinyurl.com/28tnrr64. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/42371.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandra Sabrina Natsir Kalla
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Salem Alkaabi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Fujairah Hospital, Ministry of Health, Fujairah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abul Fauzi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Andi Tajrin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Rifaat Nurrahma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Werner E G Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heinz C Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Grant Research Group at the Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Tymour Forouzanfar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Marco N Helder
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery/Oral Pathology, Amsterdam University Medical Centers and Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Muhammad Ruslin
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
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Sedaghat F, Mahamed P, Sultani AS, Bagherian M, Biglari M, Mohammadzadeh A, Ghasemzadeh S, Barati G, Saburi E. Revisiting Recent Tissue Engineering Technologies in Alveolar Cleft Reconstruction. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2024; 19:840-851. [PMID: 37461350 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x18666230717152556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering and regenerative medicine have received significant attention in treating degenerative disorders and presented unique opportunities for researchers. The latest research on tissue engineering and regenerative medicine to reconstruct the alveolar cleft has been reviewed in this study. Three approaches have been used to reconstruct alveolar cleft: Studies that used only stem cells or biomaterials and studies that reconstructed alveolar defects by tissue engineering using a combination of stem cells and biomaterials. Stem cells, biomaterials, and tissue-engineered constructs have shown promising results in the reconstruction of alveolar defects. However, some contrary issues, including stem cell durability and scaffold stability, were also observed. It seems that more prospective and comprehensive studies should be conducted to fully clarify the exact dimensions of the stem cells and tissue engineering reconstruction method in the therapy of alveolar cleft.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faraz Sedaghat
- School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Parham Mahamed
- Student Research Committee, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | | | - Mobina Bagherian
- School of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Mohammad Biglari
- Faculty of Dentistry, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anisa Mohammadzadeh
- Faculty of Dentistry, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Iran
| | | | | | - Ehsan Saburi
- Medical Genetics Research center, Mashhad University of medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Schröder HC, Wang X, Neufurth M, Wang S, Tan R, Müller WEG. Inorganic Polymeric Materials for Injured Tissue Repair: Biocatalytic Formation and Exploitation. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10030658. [PMID: 35327460 PMCID: PMC8945818 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Two biocatalytically produced inorganic biomaterials show great potential for use in regenerative medicine but also other medical applications: bio-silica and bio-polyphosphate (bio-polyP or polyP). Biosilica is synthesized by a group of enzymes called silicateins, which mediate the formation of amorphous hydrated silica from monomeric precursors. The polymeric silicic acid formed by these enzymes, which have been cloned from various siliceous sponge species, then undergoes a maturation process to form a solid biosilica material. The second biomaterial, polyP, has the extraordinary property that it not only has morphogenetic activity similar to biosilica, i.e., can induce cell differentiation through specific gene expression, but also provides metabolic energy through enzymatic cleavage of its high-energy phosphoanhydride bonds. This reaction is catalyzed by alkaline phosphatase, a ubiquitous enzyme that, in combination with adenylate kinase, forms adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from polyP. This article attempts to highlight the biomedical importance of the inorganic polymeric materials biosilica and polyP as well as the enzymes silicatein and alkaline phosphatase, which are involved in their metabolism or mediate their biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heinz C. Schröder
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (H.C.S.); (X.W.); (M.N.); (S.W.)
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (H.C.S.); (X.W.); (M.N.); (S.W.)
| | - Meik Neufurth
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (H.C.S.); (X.W.); (M.N.); (S.W.)
| | - Shunfeng Wang
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (H.C.S.); (X.W.); (M.N.); (S.W.)
| | - Rongwei Tan
- Shenzhen Lando Biomaterials Co., Ltd., Building B3, Unit 2B-C, China Merchants Guangming Science Park, Guangming District, Shenzhen 518107, China;
| | - Werner E. G. Müller
- ERC Advanced Investigator Group, Institute for Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg University, Duesbergweg 6, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (H.C.S.); (X.W.); (M.N.); (S.W.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6131-3925910
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