1
|
Wang J, Xing C, Wang H, Zhang H, Wei W, Xu J, Liu Y, Guo X, Jiang R. Identification of key modules and hub genes involved in regulating the feather follicle development of Wannan chickens using WGCNA. Poult Sci 2024; 103:103903. [PMID: 38908121 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2024.103903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Carcass appearance is important economic trait, which affects customers in making purchase decisions. Both density and diameter of feather follicles are two important indicators of carcass appearance. However, the regulatory network and key genes be involved in feather follicle development remain poorly understood. To identify key genes and modules that involved in feather follicle development in chickens, 16 transcriptome datasets of Wannan chickens skin tissue (3 birds at the E9, E11, and E14, respectively, and 7 birds at the 12W) were used for weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) analysis, and 12 skin tissue samples (3 birds for each stage) were selected for DEGs analysis. A total of 5,025, 2,337, and 10,623 DEGs were identified in 3 comparison groups, including the E9 vs. E11, the E11 vs. E14, and the E14 vs. 12W. Additionally, 31 co-expression gene modules were identified by WGCNA and the dark-orange, cyan, and blue module were found to be significantly associated with feather follicle development (p < 0.01). In total, 92,898 and 8,448 hub genes were obtained in the dark-orange, cyan, and blue modules, respectively. We focused on the cyan and blue modules, as 6 and 336 hub genes of these modules were identified to overlap with the DEGs of the three comparison groups, respectively. The 6 overlapped genes such as LAMC2, COL6A3, and COL6A2 etc., were over-represented in 12 categories such as focal adhesion and ECM-receptor interaction signaling pathway. Among the 336 genes that overlapped between the blue module and different DEGs comparison groups several genes including WNT7A and WNT9B were enriched in Wnt and ECM-receptor interaction signaling pathway. These results suggested that the LAMC2, COL6A3, COL6A2, WNT7A, and WNT9B genes may play a crucial role in the regulation of feather follicle development in Wannan chickens. Our results provided a reference for the molecular regulatory network and key genes in the development of feather follicles and contribute to molecular breeding for carcass appearance traits in chickens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiangxian Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Chaohui Xing
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hao Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Wei Wei
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Jinmei Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Xing Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
| | - Runshen Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wang J, Wei W, Xing C, Wang H, Liu M, Xu J, He X, Liu Y, Guo X, Jiang R. Transcriptome and Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis for Feather Follicle Density in a Chinese Indigenous Breed. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:173. [PMID: 38200904 PMCID: PMC10778273 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Feather follicle density plays an important role in appealing to consumers' first impressions when making purchasing decisions. However, the molecular network that contributes to this trait remains largely unknown. The aim of this study was to perform transcriptome and weighted gene co-expression network analyses to determine the candidate genes relating to feather follicle density in Wannan male chickens. In total, five hundred one-day-old Wannan male chickens were kept in a conventional cage system. Feather follicle density was recorded for each bird at 12 weeks of age. At 12 weeks, fifteen skin tissue samples were selected for weighted gene co-expression network analysis, of which six skin tissue samples (three birds in the H group and three birds in the L group) were selected for transcriptome analysis. The results showed that, in total, 95 DEGs were identified, and 56 genes were upregulated and 39 genes were downregulated in the high-feather-follicle-density group when compared with the low-feather-follicle-density group. Thirteen co-expression gene modules were identified. The red module was highly significantly negatively correlated with feather follicle density (p < 0.01), with a significant negative correlation coefficient of -0.72. In total, 103 hub genes from the red module were screened. Upon comparing the 103 hub genes with differentially expressed genes (DEGs), it was observed that 13 genes were common to both sets, including MELK, GTSE1, CDK1, HMMR, and CENPE. From the red module, FOXM1, GTSE1, MELK, CDK1, ECT2, and NEK2 were selected as the most important genes. These genes were enriched in the DNA binding pathway, the heterocyclic compound binding pathway, the cell cycle pathway, and the oocyte meiosis pathway. This study suggests that FOXM1, GTSE1, MELK, CDK1, ECT2, and NEK2 may be involved in regulating the development of feather follicle density in Wannan male chickens. The results of this study reveal the genetic structure and molecular regulatory network of feather follicle density in Wannan male chickens, and provide a basis for further elucidating the genetic regulatory mechanism and identifying molecular markers with breeding value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Runshen Jiang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China; (J.W.); (W.W.); (C.X.); (H.W.); (M.L.); (J.X.); (X.H.); (Y.L.); (X.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang Y, Fu X, Wang S, Mabrouk I, Zhou Y, Song Y, Liu T, Ma J, Zhuang F, Zhang X, Xu K, Sun Y. Nonlinear model fitting analysis of feather growth and development curves in the embryonic stages of Jilin white geese (Anser cygnoides). J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skac373. [PMID: 36371804 PMCID: PMC9833012 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Poultry is subject to varying degrees of feather loss and feather pecking during production, which seriously affects the live appearance and carcass appearance of their commercial traits and greatly reduces the production profitability of the farming enterprise. It also has an impact on down production and quality in the case of geese. In this study, mathematical models (Logistic, Gompertz, and Von Bertalanffy) were used to assess feather growth and development during the embryonic period in Jilin white geese (Anser cygnoides) predicting the weight and length of feathers from the back, chest, and belly tracts at different embryonic ages, to determine which growth model more accurately described feather growth patterns. The result first showed that the primary feather follicles of the Jilin white goose developed at E14 and secondary feather follicles at E18; primary feather follicle density increased and then decreased, whereas secondary feather follicle density increased continuously and the primary and secondary feather follicles developed independently. Secondly, the embryonic feather growth followed a slow-fast-slow pattern, with feathers growing slowly from E12 to E18, quickly from E18 to E24, and then decreasing after E24 until just before emergence (E30). In addition, before E14, feathers were concentrated in the back tracts, and no feathers were found on the head, neck, chest, abdomen, or wings. By E22, the whole body of the embryo was covered with feathers, and the back feathers were the earliest and fastest to develop. Compared to the Gompertz and von Bertalanffy models, the logistic model fit (R2 = 0.997) was the highest, while the sum of residual squares (RSS = 25661.67), Akaike's information criterion (AIC = 77.600), Bayesian information criterion (BIC = 78.191), and mean square error (MSE = 2851.296) were the lowest. Therefore, the logistic model was more suitable for describing the changes in whole-body feather growth during the embryonic period in Jilin white geese. In conclusion, using the growth curve model to explain the relationship between feather growth and embryonic age in geese will potentially speed up the process of genetic improvement in Jilin white geese (A. cygnoides) and thus provide scientific support for molecular genetic breeding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yudong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xianou Fu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Sihui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Ichraf Mabrouk
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yupu Song
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Tuoya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Jingyun Ma
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Fangming Zhuang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Keyi Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| | - Yongfeng Sun
- Key Laboratory of Animal Production, Product Quality and Security, Jilin Agricultural University, Ministry of Education, Changchun 130118, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Deng K, Kovalev A, Rajabi H, Schaber CF, Dai ZD, Gorb SN. The damping properties of the foam-filled shaft of primary feathers of the pigeon Columba livia. Naturwissenschaften 2021; 109:1. [PMID: 34860292 PMCID: PMC8642350 DOI: 10.1007/s00114-021-01773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The avian feather combines mechanical properties of robustness and flexibility while maintaining a low weight. Under periodic and random dynamic loading, the feathers sustain bending forces and vibrations during flight. Excessive vibrations can increase noise, energy consumption, and negatively impact flight stability. However, damping can alter the system response, and result in increased stability and reduced noise. Although the structure of feathers has already been studied, little is known about their damping properties. In particular, the link between the structure of shafts and their damping is unknown. This study aims at understanding the structure-damping relationship of the shafts. For this purpose, laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV) was used to measure the damping properties of the feather shaft in three segments selected from the base, middle, and tip. A combination of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and micro-computed tomography (µCT) was used to investigate the gradient microstructure of the shaft. The results showed the presence of two fundamental vibration modes, when mechanically excited in the horizontal and vertical directions. It was also found that the base and middle parts of the shaft have higher damping ratios than the tip, which could be attributed to their larger foam cells, higher foam/cortex ratio, and higher percentage of foam. This study provides the first indication of graded damping properties in feathers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Deng
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Institute of Zoology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany.
| | - A Kovalev
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Institute of Zoology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - H Rajabi
- School of Engineering, London South Bank University, London, England
| | - C F Schaber
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Institute of Zoology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| | - Z D Dai
- Institute of Bioinspired Structure and Surface Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, China
| | - S N Gorb
- Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Institute of Zoology, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alibardi L. Immunostaining of telomerase in embryonic and juvenile feather follicle of the chick labels proliferating cells for feather formation. ZOOLOGY 2020; 146:125846. [PMID: 33813250 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2020.125846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Feathers regenerate through proliferation of cells derived from follicle stem cells. Immunoloblotting for telomerase in chick embryonic and juvenile feathers shows immunopositive bands around 100 kDa, 75 and 60 kDa only in embryonic feathers, indicating fragmentation of the protein due to physiological processing or artifacts derived from protein extraction. Immunolabeling for telomerase is present in the cytoplasm and nuclei of cells of the collar epithelium and bulge located in the follicle, and in sparse cells of the dermal papilla. PCNA-immunolabeling indicates that the collar and dermal papilla contain numerous proliferating cells, including the ramogenic zone where barb ridges are formed. Ultrastructural labeling indicates that a telomerase-like protein or its fragment is localized in nucleoli and in sparse nuclear clumps, likely representing Cajal bodies. The cytoplasm shows sparse immune-gold particles, also associated to mitochondria and sparse keratin filaments. An intense labeling is present in some areas of condensing chromosomes in dividing cells. Since telomerase positive cells are also seen in suprabasal layers of the collar epithelium and in the ramogenic zone, it is suggested that they represent dividing cells, most likely transit amplifying cells that give rise to the corneocytes of feathers. The significance of telomerase localization in chromatin is unknown.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Alibardi
- Comparative Histolab Padova and Department of Biology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Ji G, Zhang M, Liu Y, Shan Y, Tu Y, Ju X, Zou J, Shu J, Wu J, Xie J. A gene co‐expression network analysis of the candidate genes and molecular pathways associated with feather follicle traits of chicken skin. J Anim Breed Genet 2020; 138:122-134. [DOI: 10.1111/jbg.12481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gai‐ge Ji
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province Institute of Poultry Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Yangzhou China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province Institute of Poultry Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Yangzhou China
| | - Yi‐fan Liu
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province Institute of Poultry Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Yangzhou China
| | - Yan‐ju Shan
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province Institute of Poultry Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Yangzhou China
| | - Yun‐jie Tu
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province Institute of Poultry Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Yangzhou China
| | - Xiao‐jun Ju
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province Institute of Poultry Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Yangzhou China
| | - Jian‐min Zou
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province Institute of Poultry Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Yangzhou China
| | - Jing‐ting Shu
- Key Laboratory for Poultry Genetics and Breeding of Jiangsu Province Institute of Poultry Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Science Yangzhou China
| | - Jun‐feng Wu
- Jiangsu Li‐hua Animal Husbandry Company Jiangsu China
| | - Jin‐fang Xie
- Jiangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences Nanchang China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Busby L, Aceituno C, McQueen C, Rich CA, Ros MA, Towers M. Sonic hedgehog specifies flight feather positional information in avian wings. Development 2020; 147:147/9/dev188821. [PMID: 32376617 PMCID: PMC7225127 DOI: 10.1242/dev.188821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Classical tissue recombination experiments performed in the chick embryo provide evidence that signals operating during early limb development specify the position and identity of feathers. Here, we show that Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signalling in the embryonic chick wing bud specifies positional information required for the formation of adult flight feathers in a defined spatial and temporal sequence that reflects their different identities. We also reveal that Shh signalling is interpreted into specific patterns of Sim1 and Zic transcription factor expression, providing evidence of a putative gene regulatory network operating in flight feather patterning. Our data suggest that flight feather specification involved the co-option of the pre-existing digit patterning mechanism and therefore uncovers an embryonic process that played a fundamental step in the evolution of avian flight.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Busby
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Cristina Aceituno
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, IBBTEC (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria - SODERCAN), 39011 Santander, Spain
| | - Caitlin McQueen
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Constance A. Rich
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Maria A. Ros
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria, IBBTEC (CSIC-Universidad de Cantabria - SODERCAN), 39011 Santander, Spain,Departamento de Anatomía y Biología Celular, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain,Authors for correspondence (; )
| | - Matthew Towers
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Xie WY, Chen MJ, Jiang SG, Yan HC, Wang XQ, Gao CQ. Investigation of feather follicle morphogenesis and the expression of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway in yellow-feathered broiler chick embryos. Br Poult Sci 2020; 61:557-565. [PMID: 32329625 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1758302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
1. This study investigated the pattern of feather follicle morphogenesis and the expression of the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway in the skin of yellow-feathered broiler chick embryos during feather development, using haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining and Western blot assays, respectively. 2. The results showed that the skin displayed protrusions during embryonic days E7-E9, feather buds elongated during E10-E11 with anterior-posterior and proximal-distal asymmetries, and the epidermis invaginated to form the primary feather follicles (Pfs) at E12. At E13, the formation of the feather follicle and the epidermis at the base of the feather bud further invaginated into the dermis. By E15, Pf formation was essentially complete, and secondary feather follicles (Sfs) appeared. It was speculated that Pfs and Sfs developed independently and that Pfs occurred earlier than Sfs. 3. Quantitative measurements of Pf density reached a maximum at E15 and then decreased gradually. Sf density started to increase from E15. 4. Protein expression levels of β-catenin, TCF4, cyclin D1, and c-Myc were significantly increased during E8-E12 (P < 0.05) and then decreased from E13 to the day of hatching (DOH) (P < 0.05). The result of the β-catenin immunolocalisation signal intensity assay was consistent with the result of the Western blot assay. 5. Collectively, the results indicated that the Wnt/β-catenin signalling pathway is essential for promoting the development of feather follicles, especially during E7-E15.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- W Y Xie
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou, China
| | - M J Chen
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou, China
| | - S G Jiang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou, China
| | - H C Yan
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou, China
| | - X Q Wang
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou, China
| | - C Q Gao
- College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition Control/Key Laboratory of Chicken Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture , Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Characterization of Embryonic Skin Transcriptome in Anser cygnoides at Three Feather Follicles Developmental Stages. G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS 2020; 10:443-454. [PMID: 31792007 PMCID: PMC7003092 DOI: 10.1534/g3.119.400875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In order to enrich the Anser cygnoides genome and identify the gene expression profiles of primary and secondary feather follicles development, de novo transcriptome assembly of skin tissues was established by analyzing three developmental stages at embryonic day 14, 18, and 28 (E14, E18, E28). Sequencing output generated 436,730,608 clean reads from nine libraries and de novo assembled into 56,301 unigenes. There were 2,298, 9,423 and 12,559 unigenes showing differential expression in three stages respectively. Furthermore, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were functionally classified according to genes ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG), and series-cluster analysis. Relevant specific GO terms such as epithelium development, regulation of keratinocyte proliferation, morphogenesis of an epithelium were identified. In all, 15,144 DEGs were clustered into eight profiles with distinct expression patterns and 2,424 DEGs were assigned to 198 KEGG pathways. Skin development related pathways (mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathway, extra-cellular matrix -receptor interaction, Wingless-type signaling pathway) and genes (delta like canonical Notch ligand 1, fibroblast growth factor 2, Snail family transcriptional repressor 2, bone morphogenetic protein 6, polo like kinase 1) were identified, and eight DEGs were selected to verify the reliability of transcriptome results by real-time quantitative PCR. The findings of this study will provide the key insights into the complicated molecular mechanism and breeding techniques underlying the developmental characteristics of skin and feather follicles in Anser cygnoides.
Collapse
|
10
|
Su LN, Li H, Tan SW, Fang GJ, Yu H, Yang YL. Mechanisms of early- and late-feathering in Qingyuan partridge chickens. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2019.1645619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Ning Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Department of Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Hua Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Xianxi Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shu Wen Tan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
- Xianxi Biotechnology Co. Ltd., Foshan, Guangdong, China
| | - Gui Jun Fang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Hui Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| | - Ya Lan Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Molecular Design and Precise Breeding, School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China
| |
Collapse
|