1
|
Nejaddehghan S, Zargar SJ, Oloomi M, Baesi K, Kouhsar M. Inhibition of Mir-21-5p Affects the Expression of LNCRNA X-Inactive Specific Transcript and Induces Apoptosis in MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2024; 53:714-725. [PMID: 38919297 PMCID: PMC11194654 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i3.15154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Background We aimed to investigate miR-21-5p inhibition effect on lncRNA-XIST expression and apoptosis status of MCF-7 cells. Methods The MCF-7 cells were cultured and transfected by the anti-miR-21-5p oligonucleotide and expression of miR-21-5p, lncRNA-XIST, apoptosis-associated genes (bax and p53) and one miR-21-5p-unrelated lncRNA (BC200) was assessed by RT-qPCR. Furthermore, cell viability checked by MTT assay and apoptosis and cell cycle in transfected cells were detected by flow cytometry. Also, bioinformatics analysis on the transcriptome data confirmed that the lncRNA XIST might have a critical role in breast cancer (BC) cell apoptosis through ceRNAs mechanism and possible regulatory interactions with miR-21-5p. Results Expression of miR-21-5p and lncRNA-XIST was significantly down- and up-regulated respectively (P<0.05). However, there was no significant change in lncRNA-BC200 expression. Also, the expression of bax and p53 upraised significantly (P<0.05). In transfected cells, MTT and flow cytometry assays reported a highly significant decrease and increase in viability and apoptosis respectively. Conclusion Inhibition of miR-21-5p resulted in significant upregulation of lncRNA-XIST and apoptosis-associated genes bax and p53, which led to the induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 cells. Therefore, more investigations may provide a valuable target for studies on molecular therapies for BC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samaneh Nejaddehghan
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Zargar
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mana Oloomi
- Department of Molecular Biology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kazem Baesi
- Department of Hepatitis and AIDS, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Morteza Kouhsar
- Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (IBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yadav G, Kulshreshtha R. Pan-cancer analyses identify MIR210HG overexpression, epigenetic regulation and oncogenic role in human tumors and its interaction with the tumor microenvironment. Life Sci 2024; 339:122438. [PMID: 38242493 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Molecular entities showing dysregulation in multiple cancers may hold great biomarker or therapeutic potential. There is accumulating evidence that highlights the dysregulation of a long non-coding RNA, MIR210HG, in various cancers and its oncogenic role. However, a comprehensive analysis of MIR210HG expression pattern, molecular mechanisms, diagnostic or prognostic significance or evaluation of its interaction with tumor microenvironment across various cancers remains unstudied. METHODS A systematic pan-cancer analysis was done using multiple public databases and bioinformatic tools to study the molecular role and clinical significance of MIR210HG. We have analyzed expression patterns, genome alteration, transcriptional and epigenetic regulation, correlation with patient survival, immune infiltrates, co-expressed genes, interacting proteins, and pathways associated with MIR210HG. RESULTS The Pan cancer expression analysis of MIR210HG through various tumor datasets demonstrated that MIR210HG is significantly upregulated in most cancers and increased with the tumor stage in a subset of them. Furthermore, prognostic analysis revealed high MIR210HG expression is associated with poor overall and disease-free survival in specific cancer types. Genetic alteration analysis showed minimal alterations in the MIR210HG locus, indicating that overexpression in cancers is not due to gene amplification. The exploration of SNPs on MIR210HG suggested possible structural changes that may affect its interactions with the miRNAs. The correlation of MIR210HG with promoter methylation was found to be significantly negative in nature in majority of cancers depicting the possible epigenetic regulation of expression of MIR210HG. Additionally, MIR210HG showed negative correlations with immune cells and thus may have strong impact on the tumor microenvironment. Functional analysis indicates its association with hypoxia, angiogenesis, metastasis, and DNA damage repair processes. MIR210HG was found to interact with several proteins and potentially regulate chromatin modifications and transcriptional regulation. CONCLUSIONS A first pan-can cancer analysis of MIR210HG highlights its transcriptional and epigenetic deregulation and oncogenic role in the majority of cancers, its correlation with tumor microenvironment factors such as hypoxia and immune infiltration, and its potential as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in several cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Garima Yadav
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Ritu Kulshreshtha
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jin X, Wang J, Wang Z, Pang W, Chen Y, Yang L. Chromatin-modifying protein 4C (CHMP4C) affects breast cancer cell growth and doxorubicin resistance as a potential breast cancer therapeutic target. J Antibiot (Tokyo) 2024; 77:93-101. [PMID: 37993600 DOI: 10.1038/s41429-023-00683-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BCa) is one of the common malignancies among women. Doxorubicin (Dox), a type of anthracycline anti-tumor drug, is a first-line chemotherapy drug for BCa. It is badly needed to effectively reverse BCa resistance to Dox and improve the clinical symptoms of BCa. Chromatin Modification protein 4C (CHMP4C) is a subunit of the endosomal sorting complex and is expressed in the nucleus and cytoplasm. CHMP4C has been shown to be overexpressed in multiple types of cancers. However, its possible effects on the progression and drug resistance of BCa are still unclear. In this study, we found CHMP4C was highly expressed in BCa tissues and promoted cell proliferation. In addition, CHMP4C promoted resistance of BCa cells to Dox through targeting Snail. We further found that knockdown of CHMP4C inhibited tumor growth and enhanced sensitivity to Dox in vivo. We therefore thought CHMP4C could serve as a target for decreasing BCa drug resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Jin
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Zhengyi Wang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Wenyang Pang
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou, Zhejiang, 318000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Hussain MS, Gupta G, Afzal M, Alqahtani SM, Samuel VP, Hassan Almalki W, Kazmi I, Alzarea SI, Saleem S, Dureja H, Singh SK, Dua K, Thangavelu L. Exploring the role of lncrna neat1 knockdown in regulating apoptosis across multiple cancer types: A review. Pathol Res Pract 2023; 252:154908. [PMID: 37950931 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators of gene expression, contributing significantly to a diverse range of cellular processes, including apoptosis. One such lncRNA is NEAT1, which is elevated in several types of cancer and aid in cancer growth. However, recent studies have also demonstrated that the knockdown of NEAT1 can inhibit cancer cells proliferation, movement, and infiltration while enhancing apoptosis. This article explores the function of lncRNA NEAT1 knockdown in regulating apoptosis across multiple cancer types. We explore the existing understanding of NEAT1's involvement in the progression of malignant conditions, including its structure and functions. Additionally, we investigate the molecular mechanisms by which NEAT1 modulates the cell cycle, cellular proliferation, apoptosis, movement, and infiltration in diverse cancer types, including acute myeloid leukemia, breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer, esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, glioma, non-small cell lung cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, and retinoblastoma. Furthermore, we review the recent studies investigating the therapeutic potential of NEAT1 knockdown in cancer treatment. Targeting the lncRNA NEAT1 presents a promising therapeutic approach for treating cancer. It has shown the ability to suppress cancer cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while promoting apoptosis in various cancer types.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jagatpura, 302017 Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Graphic Era Hill University, Dehradun 248007, India; School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Muhammad Afzal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacy Program, Batterjee Medical College, P.O. Box 6231, Jeddah 21442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Safar M Alqahtani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vijaya Paul Samuel
- Department of Anatomy, RAK Medical & Health Sciences University, Ras Al Khaimah College of Medical Sciences, Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Waleed Hassan Almalki
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Imran Kazmi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sami I Alzarea
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka, Al-Jouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shakir Saleem
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, Saudi Electronic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144411, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, India; Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo NSW 2007, Australia; Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yap JYY, Goh LSH, Lim AJW, Chong SS, Lim LJ, Lee CG. Machine Learning Identifies a Signature of Nine Exosomal RNAs That Predicts Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:3749. [PMID: 37509410 PMCID: PMC10377993 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15143749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. Although alpha fetoprotein (AFP) remains a commonly used serological marker of HCC, the sensitivity and specificity of AFP in detecting HCC is often limited. Exosomal RNA has emerged as a promising diagnostic tool for various cancers, but its use in HCC detection has yet to be fully explored. Here, we employed Machine Learning on 114,602 exosomal RNAs to identify a signature that can predict HCC. The exosomal expression data of 118 HCC patients and 112 healthy individuals were stratified split into Training, Validation and Unseen Test datasets. Feature selection was then performed on the initial training dataset using permutation importance, and the predictive performance of the selected features were tested on the validation dataset using Support Vector Machine (SVM) Classifier. A minimum of nine features were identified to be predictive of HCC and these nine features were then evaluated across six different models in an unseen test set. These features, mainly in the immune, platelet/neutrophil and cytoskeletal pathways, exhibited good predictive performance with ROC-AUC from 0.79-0.88 in the unseen test set. Hence, these nine exosomal RNAs have potential to be clinically useful minimally invasive biomarkers for HCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Yu Yan Yap
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
| | - Laura Shih Hui Goh
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Ashley Jun Wei Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Samuel S Chong
- Department of Paediatrics and Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119074, Singapore
| | - Lee Jin Lim
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
| | - Caroline G Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117596, Singapore
- NUS Graduate School, National University of Singapore, Singapore 119077, Singapore
- Division of Cellular & Molecular Research, Humphrey Oei Institute of Cancer Research, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore 168583, Singapore
- Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Azadeh M, Salehzadeh A, Ghaedi K, Talesh Sasani S. Integrated High-Throughput Bioinformatics (Microarray, RNA-Seq, and RNA Interaction) and qRT-PCR Investigation of BMPR1B Axis as a Potential Diagnostic Biomarker of Isfahan Breast Cancer. Adv Biomed Res 2023; 12:120. [PMID: 37434942 PMCID: PMC10331528 DOI: 10.4103/abr.abr_200_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background According to the bioinformatics analyses and previous studies, bone morphogenetic protein receptor type 1B (BMPR1B) dysregulation could remarkably affect breast cancer (BC) status as a potential biomarker and tumor suppressor. Therefore, the analysis of the expression level of BMPR1B and other relevant biological factors such as microRNAs, long non-coding RNAs, downstream proteins in the relevant signaling pathways, and finding the accurate biological mechanism of BMPR1B could be helpful for a better understanding of BC pathogenicity and discovering the new treatment methods and drugs. Materials and Methods R Studio software (4.0.2) was used for microarray data analyses. GSE31448 dataset was downloaded by GEOquery package and analyzed by limma package. STRING and miRWalk online databases and Cytoscape software were used for interaction analyses. Quantitative measurement of BMPR1B expression level was performed by qRT-PCR experiment. Result Microarray and real-time PCR analysis revealed that BMPR1B has a significant downregulation in the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta and bone morphogenic protein (BMP) signaling pathways in BC samples. BMPR1B is a potential diagnostic biomarker, regulated by hsa-miR-181a-5p. Also, BMPR1B regulates the function of BMP2, BMP6, SMAD4, SMAD5, and SMAD6 proteins. Discussion BMPR1B have a significant role in the development of BC by regulating the potential proteins' function, playing the diagnostic biomarker role, and regulation of TGF-beta and BMP signaling pathways. The high amount of BMPR1B protein helps in increasing the survival rate of the patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mansoureh Azadeh
- Department of Biology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Salehzadeh
- Department of Biology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Biology, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hosseini SA, Haddadi MH, Fathizadeh H, Nemati F, Aznaveh HM, Taraj F, Aghabozorgizadeh A, Gandomkar G, Bazazzadeh E. Long non-coding RNAs and gastric cancer: An update of potential biomarkers and therapeutic applications. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 163:114407. [PMID: 37100014 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The frequent metastasis of gastric cancer (GC) complicates the cure and therefore the development of effective diagnostic and therapeutic approaches is urgently necessary. In recent years, lncRNA has emerged as a drug target in the treatment of GC, particularly in the areas of cancer immunity, cancer metabolism, and cancer metastasis. This has led to the demonstration of the importance of these RNAs as prognostic, diagnostic and therapeutic agents. In this review, we provide an overview of the biological activities of lncRNAs in GC development and update the latest pathological activities, prognostic and diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic options for GC-related lncRNAs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sayedeh Azimeh Hosseini
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technology, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; Student Research Committee, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran; USERN office, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | | | - Hadis Fathizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran; Department of Laboratory sciences, Sirjan School of Medical Sciences, Sirjan, Iran
| | - Foroogh Nemati
- Department of Microbiology, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Hooman Mahmoudi Aznaveh
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farima Taraj
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - AmirArsalan Aghabozorgizadeh
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Golmaryam Gandomkar
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Elaheh Bazazzadeh
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box: 14115-154, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ahmadi-Balootaki S, Doosti A, Jafarinia M, Goodarzi HR. Targeting the MALAT1 gene with the CRISPR/Cas9 technique in prostate cancer. GENES AND ENVIRONMENT : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE JAPANESE ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGEN SOCIETY 2022; 44:22. [PMID: 36163080 PMCID: PMC9511773 DOI: 10.1186/s41021-022-00252-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Background The MALAT1 lncRNA acts as an oncogene in Prostate cancer (PC); thus, it can be severe as a cancer biomarker. Methods Using bioinformatics datasets including (HTSeq-Counts, GDC, and TCGA) 5501 gene expression profiling specimens were gathered. Then, expression profiles and sample survival of lncRNA were investigated using COX regression analyses, ROC curve analysis. The Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery was used to conduct GO and KEGG studies on the lncRNA-related PCGs. After MALAT1 Knockout via CRISPR/Cas9 technique, the MALAT1 expression was assessed in DU-145 cells. The deletion of the target fragment was examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Also, the expression of apoptosis genes was investigated by qRT-PCR. The viability and cell proliferation were measured using the MTT assay. Cell migration capability was determined using the cell scratch assay. The results of qRT-PCR were assessed by the ΔΔCt method, and finally, statistical analysis was performed in SPSS software. Results A maximum of 451 lncRNAs were discovered to reflect different expressions between PC and non-carcinoma tissue samples, with 307 being upregulated and 144 being down-regulated. Thirty-six lncRNAs related to OS were carefully selected, which were then subjected to stepwise multivariate Cox regression analysis, with 2 lncRNAs (MALAT1, HOXB-AS3). MALAT1 is highly expressed in PC cells. MALAT1 Knockout in DU-145 cells increases apoptosis and prevents proliferation and migration, and DU-145 transfected cells were unable to migrate based on the scratch recovery test. Overall, data suggest that MALAT1 overexpression in PC helps metastasis and tumorigenesis. Also, MALAT1 knockout can be considered a therapeutic and diagnostic target in PC. Conclusion Targeting MALAT1 by CRISPR/Cas9 technique inhibit the cell proliferation and migration, and in addition induce apoptosis. Thus, MALAT1 can act as a tumor biomarker and therapeutic target. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41021-022-00252-3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abbas Doosti
- Biotechnology Research Center, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mojtaba Jafarinia
- Department of Biology, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
| | - Hamed Reza Goodarzi
- Department of Genetic, Marvdasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht, Iran
| |
Collapse
|