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Sahu MC, Upadhyay K, Gupta S, Chanania K, Pati S. DNA damage and ALAD polymorphism in high blood lead (Pb) levels of pregnant women attending a tertiary care teaching hospital. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol X 2024; 22:100300. [PMID: 38665325 PMCID: PMC11043820 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurox.2024.100300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pregnant women are particularly vulnerable to lead toxicity due to increased absorption and decreased elimination of lead from their bodies. The δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) gene plays a crucial role in lead metabolism, and its polymorphisms have been implicated in modifying the susceptibility to lead toxicity. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 90 pregnant women and blood samples were collected to measure blood lead levels (BLL) and assessed DNA damage using the comet assay. ALAD polymorphisms were genotyped using PCR-RFLP analysis with MspI restriction enzyme. Statistical analysis, including chi-square tests, logistic regression, and correlation analysis, was performed to determine associations between ALAD polymorphisms, BLL, and DNA damage. Results From 90 pregnant women the participants, 16 had high BLL (≥5 μg/dL), while the remaining 74 had normal levels (<5 μg/dL). The ALAD 1-2 genotype was found to be significantly associated with high BLL (p < 0.001). Pregnant women with the ALAD 1-2 genotype exhibited higher levels of DNA damage compared to those with other genotypes (p < 0.001). Furthermore, a positive correlation was observed between the transfer of lead concentration from mother to infant and DNA damage severity (r = 0.511, p < 0.001). Conclusions The combination of comet assay and polymorphism analysis offers a comprehensive approach to understanding the impact of lead exposure during pregnancy. These findings underscore the urgent need for effective regulatory measures to reduce lead exposure in the environment and mitigate its adverse effects of lead on maternal and child health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh Chandra Sahu
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India
- ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad 380016, Gujarat, India
| | - Kuldip Upadhyay
- ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad 380016, Gujarat, India
| | - Shweta Gupta
- ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health, Meghaninagar, Ahmedabad 380016, Gujarat, India
| | - Kabita Chanania
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, IMS and SUM hospital, Siksha ‘O′ Anusandhan University, Kalinga Nagar, Bhubaneswar 751003, Odisha, India
| | - Sanghamitra Pati
- ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, Odisha, India
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Sethi Y, Patel N, Kaka N, Kaiwan O, Kar J, Moinuddin A, Goel A, Chopra H, Cavalu S. Precision Medicine and the future of Cardiovascular Diseases: A Clinically Oriented Comprehensive Review. J Clin Med 2023; 12:1799. [PMID: 36902588 PMCID: PMC10003116 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12051799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac diseases form the lion's share of the global disease burden, owing to the paradigm shift to non-infectious diseases from infectious ones. The prevalence of CVDs has nearly doubled, increasing from 271 million in 1990 to 523 million in 2019. Additionally, the global trend for the years lived with disability has doubled, increasing from 17.7 million to 34.4 million over the same period. The advent of precision medicine in cardiology has ignited new possibilities for individually personalized, integrative, and patient-centric approaches to disease prevention and treatment, incorporating the standard clinical data with advanced "omics". These data help with the phenotypically adjudicated individualization of treatment. The major objective of this review was to compile the evolving clinically relevant tools of precision medicine that can help with the evidence-based precise individualized management of cardiac diseases with the highest DALY. The field of cardiology is evolving to provide targeted therapy, which is crafted as per the "omics", involving genomics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, metabolomics, and microbiomics, for deep phenotyping. Research for individualizing therapy in heart diseases with the highest DALY has helped identify novel genes, biomarkers, proteins, and technologies to aid early diagnosis and treatment. Precision medicine has helped in targeted management, allowing early diagnosis, timely precise intervention, and exposure to minimal side effects. Despite these great impacts, overcoming the barriers to implementing precision medicine requires addressing the economic, cultural, technical, and socio-political issues. Precision medicine is proposed to be the future of cardiovascular medicine and holds the potential for a more efficient and personalized approach to the management of cardiovascular diseases, contrary to the standardized blanket approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yashendra Sethi
- PearResearch, Dehradun 248001, India
- Department of Medicine, Government Doon Medical College, HNB Uttarakhand Medical Education University, Dehradun 248001, India
| | - Neil Patel
- PearResearch, Dehradun 248001, India
- Department of Medicine, GMERS Medical College, Himmatnagar 383001, India
| | - Nirja Kaka
- PearResearch, Dehradun 248001, India
- Department of Medicine, GMERS Medical College, Himmatnagar 383001, India
| | - Oroshay Kaiwan
- PearResearch, Dehradun 248001, India
- Department of Medicine, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH 44272, USA
| | - Jill Kar
- PearResearch, Dehradun 248001, India
- Department of Medicine, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi 110001, India
| | - Arsalan Moinuddin
- Vascular Health Researcher, School of Sports and Exercise, University of Gloucestershire, Cheltenham GL50 4AZ, UK
| | - Ashish Goel
- Department of Medicine, Government Doon Medical College, HNB Uttarakhand Medical Education University, Dehradun 248001, India
| | - Hitesh Chopra
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab 140401, India
| | - Simona Cavalu
- Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, P-ta 1 Decembrie 10, 410087 Oradea, Romania
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Kalın R. One‐Step Isolation and Biochemical Characterization of A Novel Peroxidase Enzyme from Jerusalem Artichoke (
Helianthus Tuberosus
L.). ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202204732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramazan Kalın
- Department of Basic Sciences Faculty of Science Erzurum Technical University Erzurum 25100 Türkiye
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Li S, Zong X, Zhang L, Li L, Wu J. A chromatin accessibility landscape during early adipogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells. Adipocyte 2022; 11:239-249. [PMID: 35435105 PMCID: PMC9037556 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2022.2063015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has become a serious global public health problem; a deeper understanding of systemic change of chromatin accessibility during human adipogenesis contributes to conquering obesity and its related diseases. Here, we applied the ATAC-seq method to depict a high-quality genome‐wide time-resolved accessible chromatin atlas during adipogenesis of human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs). Our data indicated that the chromatin accessibility drastic dynamically reformed during the adipogenesis of hASCs and 8 h may be the critical transition node of adipogenesis chromatin states from commitment phase to determination phase. Moreover, upon adipogenesis, we also found that the chromatin accessibility of regions related to anti-apoptotic, angiogenic and immunoregulatory gradually increased, which is beneficial to maintaining the health of adipose tissue (AT). Finally, the chromatin accessibility changed significantly in intronic regions of peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ during adipogenesis, and these regions were rich in transcription factors binding motifs that were exposed for further regulation. Overall, we systematically analysed the complex change of chromatin accessibility occurring in the early stage of adipogenesis and deepened our understanding of human adipogenesis. Furthermore, we also provided a good reference data resource of genome‐wide chromatin accessibility for future studies on human adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Zong
- Division of achievements transformation, Development Center for Medical Science & Technology National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China, Beijing, China
| | - Liheng Zhang
- Shanghai Jiayin Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Luya Li
- Department of Biochemistry & Immunology, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
| | - Jianxin Wu
- Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Child Development and Nutriomics, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing, China
- Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Tseng CC, Wong MC, Liao WT, Chen CJ, Lee SC, Yen JH, Chang SJ. Genetic Variants in Transcription Factor Binding Sites in Humans: Triggered by Natural Selection and Triggers of Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22084187. [PMID: 33919522 PMCID: PMC8073710 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Variants of transcription factor binding sites (TFBSs) constitute an important part of the human genome. Current evidence demonstrates close links between nucleotides within TFBSs and gene expression. There are multiple pathways through which genomic sequences located in TFBSs regulate gene expression, and recent genome-wide association studies have shown the biological significance of TFBS variation in human phenotypes. However, numerous challenges remain in the study of TFBS polymorphisms. This article aims to cover the current state of understanding as regards the genomic features of TFBSs and TFBS variants; the mechanisms through which TFBS variants regulate gene expression; the approaches to studying the effects of nucleotide changes that create or disrupt TFBSs; the challenges faced in studies of TFBS sequence variations; the effects of natural selection on collections of TFBSs; in addition to the insights gained from the study of TFBS alleles related to gout, its associated comorbidities (increased body mass index, chronic kidney disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, coronary artery disease, ischemic heart disease, hypertension, hyperuricemia, osteoporosis, and prostate cancer), and the treatment responses of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia-Chun Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-C.T.); (J.-H.Y.)
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
| | - Man-Chun Wong
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Wei-Ting Liao
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-T.L.); (S.-J.C.); Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (W.-T.L.); +886-7-5916679 (S.-J.C.); Fax:+886-7-3125339 (W.-T.L.); +886-7-5919264 (S.-J.C.)
| | - Chung-Jen Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Municipal Ta-Tung Hospital, Kaohsiung 80145, Taiwan;
| | - Su-Chen Lee
- Laboratory Diagnosis of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan;
| | - Jeng-Hsien Yen
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan; (C.-C.T.); (J.-H.Y.)
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80756, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao-Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Jen Chang
- Department of Kinesiology, Health and Leisure Studies, National University of Kaohsiung, Kaohsiung 81148, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (W.-T.L.); (S.-J.C.); Tel.: +886-7-3121101 (W.-T.L.); +886-7-5916679 (S.-J.C.); Fax:+886-7-3125339 (W.-T.L.); +886-7-5919264 (S.-J.C.)
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Hoh BP, Rahman TA. The indigenous populations as the model by nature to understand human genomic-phenomics interactions. QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.15302/j-qb-021-0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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