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Shoushtari Moghaddam E, Kaveh MH, Karimi M, Tarrahi MJ, Soltani E. Development and evaluation of a theory-based health promotion programme aimed at improving retirees' psychological well-being and quality of life: a protocol for a mixed-method study. BMJ Open 2023; 13:e075337. [PMID: 37963691 PMCID: PMC10649628 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The changes that retirees experience during their retirement years will challenge their ability to cope, potentially endangering their health and quality of life. This study aims to design and evaluate a theory-based health promotion programme to improve retirees' psychological well-being and quality of life. METHODS AND ANALYSIS This mixed-method, non-blinded study uses an embedded design. The purposive sampling method will be employed for the qualitative aspect of the study. Qualitative data will be collected at baseline, focusing on retirement adjustment, through semistructured, in-depth individual interviews and focus group discussions. The data will be analysed using Graneheim and Lundman's qualitative content analysis method. A pre-post test controlled group design will be conducted for the quantitative part of the study. A sample size of 80 is estimated for both the intervention and control groups. Systematic sampling and the block randomisation method will be employed for sampling. The training programme in the intervention group will consist of eight 60 min sessions and environmental support, implemented after assessing the research environment and obtaining approval from the relevant officials. A brief training programme unrelated to the intervention group's focus (home safety) will be implemented for the control group. Quantitative measures will be collected in both groups at baseline, 3 months and 6 months after the intervention. These measures will include self-administered questionnaires covering demographic variables, retirement adjustment, retirement resources, quality of life, coping methods, spiritual well-being and psychological well-being. Analytical statistics will be performed using the generalised linear model, with p values≤0.05 considered significant. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION This protocol has received approval from the ethics committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The research findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed manuscripts, presentation in abstracts at National and International Scientific Conferences, and data sharing among researchers. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER IRCT20180516039690N2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elaheh Shoushtari Moghaddam
- Student Research Committee, Department of Health Education and Promotion, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Mohammad Hossein Kaveh
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Health Promotion, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Masoud Karimi
- Research Center for Health Sciences, Institute of Health, Department of Health Promotion, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Mohammad Javad Tarrahi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Esmail Soltani
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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Sarrionandia S, Gorbeña S, Gómez I, Penas P, Macía P, Iraurgi I. Effects of a Multi-Component Psychological Intervention to Cultivate Mental Health in Older Adults. Clin Interv Aging 2022; 17:1493-1502. [PMID: 36237734 PMCID: PMC9553157 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s376894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Psychological interventions to cultivate mental health in older adults are scarce and tend to focus on and use a limited number of activities. Objective The aim of this study was to test the effects of an intervention based on Keyes' concept of positive mental health. Methods The intervention was conducted with 24 self-selected participants, while 34 were part of the control group. Positive mental health and distress outcomes were measured at baseline and at the end of the intervention. ANCOVA analysis and effect sizes were calculated. Results Results showed that the intervention increased mental health (F= 18.22, p<0.001, η2= 0.334, d= 1.45, power 0.986) and decreased psychiatric symptomatology in the experimental group versus the control group (F= 7.07, p= 0.011, η2= 0.16, d= 0.87, power= 0.736), which showed no change. Discussion Despite study limitations, the intervention effectively promoted older people's well-being. Future research, should evaluate the long-term effects of the intervention with varied older adult populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sare Sarrionandia
- University of Deusto, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Bilbao, Spain,Correspondence: Sare Sarrionandia, Tel +34 944139000 ext 3122, Email
| | - Susana Gorbeña
- University of Deusto, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ignacio Gómez
- University of Deusto, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Patricia Penas
- University of Deusto, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Patricia Macía
- University of Deusto, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ioseba Iraurgi
- University of Deusto, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Psychology, Bilbao, Spain
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Durgante HB, Tomasi LMB, Pedroso de Lima MM, Dell’Aglio DD. Long-term effects and impact of a positive psychology intervention for Brazilian retirees. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-020-00683-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Montiel C, Radziszewski S, Prilleltensky I, Houle J. Fostering Positive Communities: A Scoping Review of Community-Level Positive Psychology Interventions. Front Psychol 2021; 12:720793. [PMID: 34616336 PMCID: PMC8488140 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.720793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Historically, positive psychology research and practice have focused on studying and promoting well-being among individuals. While positive psychology interventions focusing on the well-being of communities and marginalized groups have recently been developed, studies reporting on their nature and characteristics are lacking. The aim of this paper is to examine the nature of community-level positive psychology interventions. It reviews the target populations, intervention modalities, objectives, and desired effects of 25 community-level positive psychology interventions found in 31 studies. This scoping review shows that community-level programs based on positive psychology vary greatly in all these aspects. However, most interventions are aimed at individual-level changes to achieve target group outcomes. Contextual issues such as social conditions, values, and fairness affecting well-being are rarely considered. Discrepancies between community-level positive psychology interventions and community psychology in terms of values and social change are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corentin Montiel
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Isaac Prilleltensky
- School of Education and Human Development, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, United States
| | - Janie Houle
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
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Gorbeña S, Govillard L, Gómez I, Sarrionandia S, Macía P, Penas P, Iraurgi I. Design and evaluation of a positive intervention to cultivate mental health: preliminary findings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 34:7. [PMID: 33625609 PMCID: PMC7905002 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-021-00172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The past two decades have witnessed a proliferation of positive psychological interventions for clinical and non-clinical populations, and recent research, including meta-analyses, is providing evidence of its effectiveness. Most interventions have focused on increasing life satisfaction, positive affect, and psychological well-being. Manualized, multi-component interventions based on a comprehensive theory are scarce. Keyes’ concept of mental health and flourishing (subjective, psychological, and social well-being) is an overarching theoretical framework to guide the design of a multi-component psychological intervention to cultivate well-being and personal development. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to design a theory-driven positive intervention and to pilot test the intervention. The manual presents an 8-week group program that includes homework activities. A sample of 56 young adults completed the intervention. Participants were assessed at base line, after termination, and at a 6-month follow-up session. Standardized instruments were used to assess the dimensions of mental health proposed by Keyes. Pre- and post-test measures of subjective, psychological, and social well-being showed significant differences, as did the total mental health scores. At 6-month follow-up, differences remained in subjective and psychological well-being and in positive mental health, with smaller effect sizes. Limitations of these preliminary findings as well as future lines of research and improvements in this manualized intervention are proposed in the light of current research on positive interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana Gorbeña
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, Facultad de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Deusto, Apartado 1, 48080, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Leila Govillard
- Departamento de Trabajo Social y Sociología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales y Humanas, Universidad de Deusto, Camino de Mundaiz 5, 20012, San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ignacio Gómez
- Departamento de Psicología Social y del Desarrollo, Facultad de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Deusto, Apartado 1, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Sare Sarrionandia
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, Facultad de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Deusto, Apartado 1, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Patricia Macía
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, Facultad de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Deusto, Apartado 1, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Patricia Penas
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, Facultad de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Deusto, Apartado 1, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Ioseba Iraurgi
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamientos Psicológicos, Facultad de Psicología y Educación, Universidad de Deusto, Apartado 1, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
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