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Gibbons T, Perkins A, Barnett J. Safety, biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of the Arg-Gly-Asp peptide 99m Tc-maraciclatide in healthy volunteers. Nucl Med Commun 2024; 45:295-303. [PMID: 38312052 PMCID: PMC10916747 DOI: 10.1097/mnm.0000000000001814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 99m Tc-Maraciclatide is a radiolabelled RGD (Arg-Gly-Asp) peptide that binds with high affinity to α v β 3 and α v β 5 integrins, common receptors upregulated in disease states involving angiogenesis and inflammation. As such, it holds promise as a novel diagnostic imaging agent for a range of pathological conditions. The present study provides the safety, biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of 99m Tc-maraciclatide in healthy volunteers. METHODS A phase 1, randomised, placebo-controlled study assessed the safety, biodistribution and radiation dosimetry of 99m Tc-maraciclatide in healthy volunteers. Participants were randomised into three groups receiving 99m Tc-maraciclatide and three chemical amounts of maraciclatide in an escalating dose protocol. Eight participants in each group received the required amount of maraciclatide via intravenous injection, with the remaining two receiving a placebo. Biodistribution was assessed by acquiring scintigraphic images at time points up to 24 h after a bolus injection of 99m Tc-maraciclatide. 99m Tc-maraciclatide activity in plasma and urine was measured up to 7 days post-administration. RESULTS 99m Tc-maraciclatide was safe and well tolerated, with no serious adverse events reported. Initial uptakes of 99m Tc were highest in the gastrointestinal tract (20%), liver (15%), and lungs (9%). Similarly, the regions with the highest normalised cumulated activities were the contents of the urinary bladder and voided urine (3.4 ± 0.4 MBq*h/MBq), the combined walls of the small intestine and upper and lower large intestine (0.9 ± 0.2 MBq*h/MBq), liver (0.8 ± 0.2 MBq*h/MBq), lung (0.4 ± 0.1 MBq*h/MBq). The main route of 99m Tc excretion was renal (55%), with a systemic urinary clearance of approximately 6.7 ml/min/kg. The pharmacokinetic analysis gave a mean apparent terminal elimination half-life of the unlabelled molecular maraciclatide of approximately 1 h, independent of dose. The mean ED per unit injected activity was 7.8 ± 0.8 µSv/MBq. CONCLUSION 99m Tc-maraciclatide is a safe radiopharmaceutical formulation with a dosimetry profile similar to other 99m Tc-based imaging agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Gibbons
- Nuffield Department of Women's and Reproductive Health, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford
| | - Alan Perkins
- Radiological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham and
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Ahenkorah S, Cawthorne C, Murce E, Deroose CM, Cardinaels T, Seimbille Y, Bormans G, Ooms M, Cleeren F. Direct comparison of [18F]AlF-NOTA-JR11 and [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide for PET imaging of neuroendocrine tumors: Antagonist versus agonist. Nucl Med Biol 2023; 118-119:108338. [PMID: 37018875 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2023.108338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide is an 18F-labeled somatostatin analogue which is a good clinical alternative for 68Ga-labeled somatostatin analogues. However, radiolabeled somatostatin receptor (SSTR) antagonists might outperform agonists regarding imaging sensitivity of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs). No direct comparison between the antagonist [18F]AlF-NOTA-JR11 and the agonist [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide as SSTR PET probes is available. Herein, we present the radiosynthesis of [18F]AlF-NOTA-JR11 and compare its NETs imaging properties directly with the established agonist radioligand [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide preclinically. METHODS [18F]AlF-NOTA-JR11 was synthesized in an automated synthesis module. The in vitro binding characteristics (IC50) of [natF]AlF-NOTA-JR11 and [natF]AlF-NOTA-octreotide were evaluated and the in vitro stability of [18F]AlF-NOTA-JR11 was determined in human serum. In vitro cell binding and internalization was performed with [18F]AlF-NOTA-JR11 and [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide using SSTR2 expressing cells and the pharmacokinetics were evaluated using μPET/CT in mice bearing BON1.SSTR2 tumor xenografts. RESULTS Excellent binding affinity for SSTR2 was found for [natF]AlF-NOTA-octreotide (IC50 of 25.7 ± 7.9 nM). However, the IC50 value for [natF]AlF-NOTA-JR11 (290.6 ± 71 nM) was 11-fold higher compared to [natF]AlF-NOTA-octreotide, indicating lower affinity for SSTR2. [18F]AlF-NOTA-JR11 was obtained in a good RCY (50 ± 6 %) but with moderate RCP of 94 ± 1 %. [18F]AlF-NOTA-JR11 demonstrated excellent stability in human serum (>95 % after 240 min). 2.7-fold higher cell binding was observed for [18F]AlF-NOTA-JR11 as compared to [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide after 60 min. μPET/CT images demonstrated comparable pharmacokinetics and tumor uptake between [18F]AlF-NOTA-JR11 (SUVmax: 3.7 ± 0.8) and [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide (SUVmax: 3.6 ± 0.4). CONCLUSIONS [18F]AlF-NOTA-JR11 was obtained in good RCY, albeit with a moderate RCP. The cell binding study showed significant higher binding of [18F]AlF-NOTA-JR11 compared to [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide, despite the higher IC50 value of AlF-NOTA-JR11. However, pharmacokinetics and in vivo tumor uptake was comparable for both radiotracers. Novel Al18F-labeled derivatives of JR11 with higher SSTR2 affinity should be developed for increased tumor uptake and NET imaging sensitivity.
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Ahenkorah S, Murce E, Cawthorne C, Ketchemen JP, Deroose CM, Cardinaels T, Seimbille Y, Fonge H, Gsell W, Bormans G, Ooms M, Cleeren F. 3p-C-NETA: A versatile and effective chelator for development of Al 18F-labeled and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:5971-5985. [PMID: 35966589 PMCID: PMC9373814 DOI: 10.7150/thno.75336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Radiolabeled somatostatin analogues (e.g. [68Ga]Ga-DOTATATE and [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE) have been used to diagnose, monitor, and treat neuroendocrine tumour (NET) patients with great success. [18F]AlF-NOTA-octreotide, a promising 18F-labeled somatostatin analogue and potential alternative for 68Ga-DOTA-peptides, is under clinical evaluation. However, ideally, the same precursor (combination of chelator-linker-vector) can be used for production of both diagnostic and therapeutic radiopharmaceuticals with very similar (e.g. Al18F-method in combination with therapeutic radiometals 213Bi/177Lu) or identical (e.g. complementary Tb-radionuclides) pharmacokinetic properties, allowing for accurate personalised dosimetry estimation and radionuclide therapy of NET patients. In this study we evaluated 3p-C-NETA, as potential theranostic Al18F-chelator and present first results of radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of [18F]AlF-3p-C-NETA-TATE. Methods: 3p-C-NETA was synthesized and radiolabeled with diagnostic (68Ga, Al18F) or therapeutic (177Lu, 161Tb, 213Bi, 225Ac and 67Cu) radionuclides at different temperatures (25-95 °C). The in vitro stability of the corresponding radiocomplexes was determined in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and human serum. 3p-C-NETA-TATE was synthesized using standard solid/liquid-phase peptide synthesis. [18F]AlF-3p-C-NETA-TATE was synthesized in an automated AllinOne® synthesis module and the in vitro stability of [18F]AlF-3p-C-NETA-TATE was evaluated in formulation buffer, PBS and human serum. [18F]AlF-3p-C-NETA-TATE pharmacokinetics were evaluated using µPET/MRI in healthy rats, with [18F]AlF-NOTA-Octreotide as benchmark. Results: 3p-C-NETA quantitatively sequestered 177Lu, 213Bi and 67Cu at 25 °C while heating was required to bind Al18F, 68Ga, 161Tb and 225Ac efficiently. The [18F]AlF-, [177Lu]Lu- and [161Tb]Tb-3p-C-NETA-complex showed excellent in vitro stability in both PBS and human serum over the study period. In contrast, [67Cu]Cu- and [225Ac]Ac-, [68Ga]Ga-3p-C-NETA were stable in PBS, but not in human serum. [18F]AlF-3p-C-NETA-TATE was obtained in good radiochemical yield and radiochemical purity. [18F]AlF-3p-C-NETA-TATE displayed good in vitro stability for 4 h in all tested conditions. Finally, [18F]AlF-3p-C-NETA-TATE showed excellent pharmacokinetic properties comparable with the results obtained for [18F]AlF-NOTA-Octreotide. Conclusions: 3p-C-NETA is a versatile chelator that can be used for both diagnostic applications (Al18F) and targeted radionuclide therapy (213Bi, 177Lu, 161Tb). It has the potential to be the new theranostic chelator of choice for clinical applications in nuclear medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen Ahenkorah
- NURA, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium.,Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Erika Murce
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christopher Cawthorne
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | | | - Christophe M Deroose
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Thomas Cardinaels
- NURA, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium.,Department of Chemistry, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Yann Seimbille
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.,Life Sciences Division, TRIUMF, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Humphrey Fonge
- Department of Medical Imaging, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging, Royal University Hospital (RUH), Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Willy Gsell
- Biomedical MRI/MoSAIC, Department of Imaging and Pathology, Biomedical Sciences Group, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Bormans
- Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maarten Ooms
- NURA, Belgian Nuclear Research Center (SCK CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Frederik Cleeren
- Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological sciences, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Nuclear medicine therapy of lung cancer, breast cancer and colorectal cancer. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822960-6.00172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Jokar N, Velikyan I, Ahmadzadehfar H, Rekabpour SJ, Jafari E, Ting HH, Biersack HJ, Assadi M. Theranostic Approach in Breast Cancer: A Treasured Tailor for Future Oncology. Clin Nucl Med 2021; 46:e410-e420. [PMID: 34152118 DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000003678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Breast cancer is the most frequent invasive malignancy and the second major cause of cancer death in female subjects mostly due to the considerable diagnostic delay and failure of therapeutic strategies. Thus, early diagnosis and possibility to monitor response to the treatment are of utmost importance. Identification of valid biomarkers, in particular new molecular therapeutic targets, that would allow screening, early patient identification, prediction of disease aggressiveness, and monitoring response to the therapeutic regimen has been in the focus of breast cancer research during recent decades. One of the intensively developing fields is nuclear medicine combining molecular diagnostic imaging and subsequent (radio)therapy in the light of theranostics. This review aimed to survey the current status of preclinical and clinical research using theranostic approach in breast cancer patients with potential to translate into conventional treatment strategies alone or in combination with other common treatments, especially in aggressive and resistant types of breast cancer. In addition, we present 5 patients with breast cancer who were refractory or relapsed after conventional therapy while presumably responded to the molecular radiotherapy with 177Lu-trastuzumab (Herceptin), 177Lu-DOTATATE, and 177Lu-FAPI-46.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narges Jokar
- From the The Persian Gulf Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Department of Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy, Bushehr Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Irina Velikyan
- Section of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | | | - Esmail Jafari
- From the The Persian Gulf Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Department of Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy, Bushehr Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Hong Hoi Ting
- Nanomab Technology Limited, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | | | - Majid Assadi
- From the The Persian Gulf Nuclear Medicine Research Center, Department of Molecular Imaging and Radionuclide Therapy, Bushehr Medical University Hospital, School of Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
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Simultaneous Visualization of 161Tb- and 177Lu-Labeled Somatostatin Analogues Using Dual-Isotope SPECT Imaging. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040536. [PMID: 33921467 PMCID: PMC8070648 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The decay of terbium-161 results in the emission of β¯-particles as well as conversion and Auger electrons, which makes terbium-161 interesting for therapeutic purposes. The aim of this study was to use dual-isotope SPECT imaging in order to demonstrate visually that terbium-161 and lutetium-177 are interchangeable without compromising the pharmacokinetic profile of the radiopharmaceutical. The 161Tb- and 177Lu-labeled somatostatin (SST) analogues DOTATOC (agonist) and DOTA-LM3 (antagonist) were tested in vitro to demonstrate equal properties regarding distribution coefficients and cell uptake into SST receptor-positive AR42J tumor cells. The radiopeptides were further investigated in AR42J tumor-bearing nude mice using the method of dual-isotope (terbium-161/lutetium-177) SPECT/CT imaging to enable the visualization of their distribution profiles in the same animal. Equal pharmacokinetic profiles were demonstrated for either of the two peptides, irrespective of whether it was labeled with terbium-161 or lutetium-177. Moreover, the visualization of the sub-organ distribution confirmed similar behavior of 161Tb- and 177Lu-labeled SST analogues. The data were verified in quantitative biodistribution studies using either type of peptide labeled with terbium-161 or lutetium-177. While the radionuclide did not have an impact on the organ distribution, this study confirmed previous data of a considerably higher tumor uptake of radiolabeled DOTA-LM3 as compared to the radiolabeled DOTATOC.
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Felber VB, Valentin MA, Wester HJ. Design of PSMA ligands with modifications at the inhibitor part: an approach to reduce the salivary gland uptake of radiolabeled PSMA inhibitors? EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2021; 6:10. [PMID: 33638060 PMCID: PMC7910394 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-021-00124-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether modifications of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted radiolabeled urea-based inhibitors could reduce salivary gland uptake and thus improve tumor-to-salivary gland ratios, several analogs of a high affinity PSMA ligand were synthesized and evaluated in in vitro and in vivo studies. METHODS Binding motifs were synthesized 'on-resin' or, when not practicable, in solution. Peptide chain elongations were performed according to optimized standard protocols via solid-phase peptide synthesis. In vitro experiments were performed using PSMA+ LNCaP cells. In vivo studies as well as μSPECT/CT scans were conducted with male LNCaP tumor xenograft-bearing CB17-SCID mice. RESULTS PSMA ligands with A) modifications within the central Zn2+-binding unit, B) proinhibitor motifs and C) substituents & bioisosteres of the P1'-γ-carboxylic acid were synthesized and evaluated. Modifications within the central Zn2+-binding unit of PSMA-10 (Glu-urea-Glu) provided three compounds. Thereof, only natLu-carbamate I (natLu-3) exhibited high affinity (IC50 = 7.1 ± 0.7 nM), but low tumor uptake (5.31 ± 0.94% ID/g, 1 h p.i. and 1.20 ± 0.55% ID/g, 24 h p.i.). All proinhibitor motif-based ligands (three in total) exhibited low binding affinities (> 1 μM), no notable internalization and very low tumor uptake (< 0.50% ID/g). In addition, four compounds with P1'-ɣ-carboxylate substituents were developed and evaluated. Thereof, only tetrazole derivative natLu-11 revealed high affinity (IC50 = 16.4 ± 3.8 nM), but also this inhibitor showed low tumor uptake (3.40 ± 0.63% ID/g, 1 h p.i. and 0.68 ± 0.16% ID/g, 24 h p.i.). Salivary gland uptake in mice remained at an equally low level for all compounds (between 0.02 ± 0.00% ID/g and 0.09 ± 0.03% ID/g), wherefore apparent tumor-to-submandibular gland and tumor-to-parotid gland ratios for the modified peptides were distinctly lower (factor 8-45) than for [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-10 at 24 h p.i. CONCLUSIONS The investigated compounds could not compete with the in vivo characteristics of the EuE-based PSMA inhibitor [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-10. Although two derivatives (3 and 11) were found to exhibit high affinities towards LNCaP cells, tumor uptake at 24 h p.i. was considerably low, while uptake in salivary glands remained unaffected. Optimization of the established animal model should be envisaged to enable a clear identification of PSMA-targeting radioligands with improved tumor-to-salivary gland ratios in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Barbara Felber
- Technical University of Munich, Chair of Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Walther-Meißner-Str. 3, 85748, Garching, Germany.
| | - Manuel Amando Valentin
- Technical University of Munich, Chair of Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Walther-Meißner-Str. 3, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Technical University of Munich, Chair of Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry, Walther-Meißner-Str. 3, 85748, Garching, Germany
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Özgüven S, Filizoğlu N, Kesim S, Öksüzoğlu K, Şen F, Öneş T, İnanır S, Turoğlu HT, Erdil TY. Physiological Biodistribution of 68Ga-DOTA-TATE in Normal Subjects. Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther 2021; 30:39-46. [PMID: 33586406 PMCID: PMC7885279 DOI: 10.4274/mirt.galenos.2021.37268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Somatostatin is an endocrine peptide hormone that regulates neurotransmission and cell proliferation by interacting with G protein-coupled somatostatin receptors (SSTRs). SSTRs are specific molecular targets of several radiotracers for neuroendocrine tumor (NET) imaging. Gallium-68 (68Ga)-DOTA-TATE is widely used for positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging of SSTRs and has shown a higher affinity for SSTR2, the most common SSTR subtype found in NETs. We aimed to analyze the distribution pattern of 68Ga-DOTA-TATE in normal subjects. Methods: A total of 617 consecutive 68Ga-DOTA-TATE PET/CT whole-body scans performed in our department from May 2015 through April 2020 with known or suspected neuroendocrine malignancies, mostly to evaluate adrenal adenomas, were retrospectively analyzed by 2 nuclear medicine physicians. One hundred eighteen subjects without a diagnosis of NET, with no tracer avid lesion of NET on 68Ga-DOTA-TATE PET/CT, and followed up for at least 6 months (average 2-3 years) without any biochemical, clinical, or imaging findings suggestive of NET were included in this study. Results: The highest uptake of 68Ga-DOTA-TATE was noted in the spleen followed by the kidneys, adrenal glands, liver, stomach, small intestine, prostate gland, pancreas head, pancreas body, thyroid gland, and uterus, in descending order. Minimal to mild uptake was detected in the submandibular glands, parotid glands, thymus, muscles, bones, breast, lungs, and mediastinum. Conclusion: Our study shows the biodistribution pattern of 68Ga-DOTA-TATE in normal subjects and the ranges of the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) and SUVmean values of 68Ga-DOTA-TATE obtained in several tissues for reliably identifying malignancy in 68Ga-DOTA-TATE PET/CT studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salih Özgüven
- Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Nuh Filizoğlu
- Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Selin Kesim
- Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Kevser Öksüzoğlu
- Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Feyza Şen
- Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tunç Öneş
- Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Sabahat İnanır
- Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Halil Turgut Turoğlu
- Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Tanju Yusuf Erdil
- Marmara University Pendik Training and Research Hospital, Clinic of Nuclear Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey
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Has Simsek D, Isik EG, Engin MN, Kuyumcu S, Mudun A, Sanli Y. Somatostatin receptor-positive breast lesions on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. Ann Nucl Med 2021; 35:270-277. [PMID: 33400149 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-020-01570-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study sets out to evaluate patients with increased uptake in breast lesions on 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT (DOTA PET) and determine the clinical significance of somatostatin receptor (SSTR) positive breast lesions. METHODS We retrospectively evaluated all patients with increased SSTR uptake in breast lesions on DOTA PET. Patients with physiological (e.g., lactation) or normal variant breast uptake (e.g., mild diffuse glandular uptake) were excluded. The maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) was calculated using a manually drawn region of interest in the most intense uptake of breast lesions. All lesions were correlated with breast imaging, including mammography and ultrasonography. Histopathological correlation was performed if the lesion was suspicious for malignancy. Lesions were followed up radiologically (1-8 years). RESULTS Out of 1573 retrospectively analyzed DOTA PET scans, the incidence of SSTR + breast lesions was measured as 1.1% (n = 18); however, 4 of 18 patients were excluded due to the lack of final diagnosis of lesions. The median age was 35 (range 14-58 years), and all patients were female. The median SUVmax of SSTR + breast lesions was 5.2 (range 1.5-12.6) for a total of 14 patients. Twelve patients had a single SSTR + breast lesion, while 2 patients had multiple SSTR + lesions on bilateral breasts. In 6 patients, single SSTR + lesions were considered as fibroadenoma; in 2 patients, multiple SSTR + lesions were considered as metastases of NET, based on correlative breast imaging. In 6 patients, histopathological confirmation was needed for the final diagnosis. Histopathologic findings confirmed fibroadenoma in 4 patients by biopsy, in 1 patient with surgical removal of the lesion. The last patient who had a history of IDC was diagnosed with a recurrence of IDC with biopsy. The median SUVmax was 5.1 (range 1.5-9.4) for malignant breast lesions and 5.4 (range 2.2-12.6) for benign breast lesions. CONCLUSION SSTR + breast lesions on DOTA PET are rarely seen in clinical practice. Uptakes of breast lesions in our cases were variable and not useful for differential diagnosis of lesions. It seems that SSTR + breast lesions should be evaluated with clinical and radiological characteristics, and correlative breast imaging and/or histopathological verification should be performed for suspicious lesions to avoid misdiagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Has Simsek
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, 34093, İstanbul, Turkey.
| | - Emine Goknur Isik
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, 34093, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Muge Nur Engin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, 34093, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Serkan Kuyumcu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, 34093, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayse Mudun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, 34093, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Yasemin Sanli
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Fatih, 34093, İstanbul, Turkey
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Eychenne R, Bouvry C, Bourgeois M, Loyer P, Benoist E, Lepareur N. Overview of Radiolabeled Somatostatin Analogs for Cancer Imaging and Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:E4012. [PMID: 32887456 PMCID: PMC7504749 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Identified in 1973, somatostatin (SST) is a cyclic hormone peptide with a short biological half-life. Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are widely expressed in the whole body, with five subtypes described. The interaction between SST and its receptors leads to the internalization of the ligand-receptor complex and triggers different cellular signaling pathways. Interestingly, the expression of SSTRs is significantly enhanced in many solid tumors, especially gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET). Thus, somatostatin analogs (SSAs) have been developed to improve the stability of the endogenous ligand and so extend its half-life. Radiolabeled analogs have been developed with several radioelements such as indium-111, technetium-99 m, and recently gallium-68, fluorine-18, and copper-64, to visualize the distribution of receptor overexpression in tumors. Internal metabolic radiotherapy is also used as a therapeutic strategy (e.g., using yttrium-90, lutetium-177, and actinium-225). With some radiopharmaceuticals now used in clinical practice, somatostatin analogs developed for imaging and therapy are an example of the concept of personalized medicine with a theranostic approach. Here, we review the development of these analogs, from the well-established and authorized ones to the most recently developed radiotracers, which have better pharmacokinetic properties and demonstrate increased efficacy and safety, as well as the search for new clinical indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Eychenne
- UPS, CNRS, SPCMIB (Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique)—UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (R.E.); (E.B.)
- Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint Herblain, France;
- CNRS, CRCINA (Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, Inserm, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Christelle Bouvry
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Eugène Marquis, Rennes, F-35000, France;
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)—UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Mickael Bourgeois
- Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint Herblain, France;
- CNRS, CRCINA (Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, Inserm, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Pascal Loyer
- INRAE, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer)—UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, Inserm, Univ Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France;
| | - Eric Benoist
- UPS, CNRS, SPCMIB (Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique)—UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (R.E.); (E.B.)
| | - Nicolas Lepareur
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Eugène Marquis, Rennes, F-35000, France;
- INRAE, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer)—UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, Inserm, Univ Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France;
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11
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Recent Advances in Nuclear Imaging of Receptor Expression to Guide Targeted Therapies in Breast Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11101614. [PMID: 31652624 PMCID: PMC6826563 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11101614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer remains the most frequent cancer in women with different patterns of disease progression and response to treatments. The identification of specific biomarkers for different breast cancer subtypes has allowed the development of novel targeting agents for imaging and therapy. To date, patient management depends on immunohistochemistry analysis of receptor status on bioptic samples. This approach is too invasive, and in some cases, not entirely representative of the disease. Nuclear imaging using receptor tracers may provide whole-body information and detect any changes of receptor expression during disease progression. Therefore, imaging is useful to guide clinicians to select the best treatments for each patient and to evaluate early response thus reducing unnecessary therapies. In this review, we focused on the development of novel tracers that are ongoing in preclinical and/or clinical studies as promising tools to lead treatment decisions for breast cancer management.
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12
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18F-Labeled Cyclized α-Melanocyte-Stimulating Hormone Derivatives for Imaging Human Melanoma Xenograft with Positron Emission Tomography. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13575. [PMID: 31537869 PMCID: PMC6753210 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50014-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Since metastatic melanoma is deadly, early diagnosis thereof is crucial for managing the disease. We recently developed α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (αMSH) derivatives, [68Ga]Ga-CCZ01048 and [18F]CCZ01064, that target the melanocortin 1 receptor (MC1R) for mouse melanoma imaging. In this study, we aim to evaluate [18F]CCZ01064 as well as a novel dual-ammoniomethyl-trifluoroborate (AmBF3) derivative, [18F]CCZ01096, for targeting human melanoma xenograft using μPET imaging. The peptides were synthesized on solid phase using Fmoc chemistry. Radiolabeling was achieved in a one-step 18F-19F isotope-exchange reaction. μPET imaging and biodistribution studies were performed in NSG mice bearing SK-MEL-1 melanoma xenografts. The MC1R density on the SK-MEL-1 cell line was determined to be 972 ± 154 receptors/cell (n = 4) via saturation assays. Using [18F]CCZ01064, moderate tumor uptake (3.05 ± 0.47%ID/g) and image contrast were observed at 2 h post-injection. Molar activity was determined to play a key role. CCZ01096 with two AmBF3 motifs showed comparable sub-nanomolar binding affinity to MC1R and much higher molar activity. This resulted in improved tumor uptake (6.46 ± 1.42%ID/g) and image contrast (tumor-to-blood and tumor-to-muscle ratios were 30.6 ± 5.7 and 85.7 ± 11.3, respectively) at 2 h post-injection. [18F]CCZ01096 represents a promising αMSH-based μPET imaging agent for human melanoma and warrants further investigation for potential clinical translation.
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13
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Mansi R, Fani M. Design and development of the theranostic pair 177 Lu-OPS201/ 68 Ga-OPS202 for targeting somatostatin receptor expressing tumors. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2019; 62:635-645. [PMID: 31112618 DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Radiolabeled somatostatin receptor (sstr) antagonists have shown superiority in different preclinical and clinical settings compared with the well-established and clinically used agonists for targeting sstr-expressing tumors, with regard to pharmacokinetics, tumor uptake, and retention. The theranostic pair 177 Lu-OPS201/68 Ga-OPS202, based on the sstr2 antagonist JR11 (Cpa-c[d-Cys-Aph(Hor)-d-Aph(Cbm)-Lys-Thr-Cys]-d-Tyr-NH2 ), is the most advanced pair of the antagonist family in terms of preclinical development and is currently under clinical evaluation. OPS201 and OPS202 share the same amino acid sequence (JR11) but feature different conjugated chelators needed for radiolabeling, DOTA for OPS201 and NODAGA for OPS202. In this review, the design and development of the peptidic analog, JR11, and the selection of chelators and radiometals that led to 177 Lu-OPS201/68 Ga-OPS202 are discussed. Furthermore, the preclinical evaluation of both radiolabeled analogs from bench to bedside and the clinical trials involving the theranostic pair are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosalba Mansi
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Melpomeni Fani
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
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14
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Advances in the strategies for designing receptor-targeted molecular imaging probes for cancer research. J Control Release 2019; 305:1-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Makris G, Kuchuk M, Gallazzi F, Jurisson SS, Smith CJ, Hennkens HM. Somatostatin receptor targeting with hydrophilic [99mTc/186Re]Tc/Re-tricarbonyl NODAGA and NOTA complexes. Nucl Med Biol 2019; 71:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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16
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Rousseau E, Lau J, Zhang Z, Uribe CF, Kuo HT, Zhang C, Zeisler J, Colpo N, Lin KS, Bénard F. Effects of adding an albumin binder chain on [177Lu]Lu-DOTATATE. Nucl Med Biol 2018; 66:10-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2018.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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17
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Pauwels E, Cleeren F, Bormans G, Deroose CM. Somatostatin receptor PET ligands - the next generation for clinical practice. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE AND MOLECULAR IMAGING 2018; 8:311-331. [PMID: 30510849 PMCID: PMC6261874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are variably expressed by a variety of malignancies. Using radiolabeled somatostatin analogs (SSAs), the presence of SSTRs on tumor cells may be exploited for molecular imaging and for peptide receptor radionuclide therapy. 111In-DTPA-octreotide has long been the standard in SSTR scintigraphy. A major leap forward was the introduction of gallium-68 labeled SSAs for positron emission tomography (PET) offering improved sensitivity. Tracers currently in clinical use are 68Ga-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotide (68Ga-DOTATOC), 68Ga-DOTA-Tyr3-octreotate (68Ga-DOTATATE) and 68Ga-DOTA-1-NaI3-octreotide (68Ga-DOTANOC), collectively referred to as 68Ga-DOTA-peptides. 68Ga-DOTA-peptide PET has superseded 111In-DTPA-octreotide scintigraphy as the modality of choice for SSTR imaging. However, implementation of 68Ga-DOTA-peptides in routine clinical practice is often limited by practical, economical and regulatory factors related to the use of the current generation of 68Ge/68Ga generators. Centralized production and distribution is challenging due to the low production yield and relatively short half-life of gallium-68. Furthermore, gallium-68 has a relatively long positron range, compromising spatial resolution on modern PET cameras. Therefore, possibilities of using other PET radionuclides are being explored. On the other hand, new developments in SSTR PET ligands are strongly driven by the need for improved lesion targeting, especially for tumors with low SSTR expression. This may be achieved by using peptide vectors having a higher affinity for the SSTR or a broader affinity profile for the different receptor subtypes or by using compounds recognizing more binding sites, such as SSTR antagonists. This review gives an overview of recent developments leading to the next generation of clinical PET tracers for SSTR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elin Pauwels
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Frederik Cleeren
- Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Guy Bormans
- Radiopharmaceutical Research, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
| | - Christophe M Deroose
- Nuclear Medicine, University Hospitals LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
- Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Imaging and Pathology, KU LeuvenLeuven, Belgium
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18
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Abiraj K, Ursillo S, Tamma ML, Rylova SN, Waser B, Constable EC, Fani M, Nicolas GP, Reubi JC, Maecke HR. The tetraamine chelator outperforms HYNIC in a new technetium-99m-labelled somatostatin receptor 2 antagonist. EJNMMI Res 2018; 8:75. [PMID: 30069789 PMCID: PMC6070450 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-018-0428-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Somatostatin receptor targeting radiopeptides are successfully being used to image, stage, and monitor patients with neuroendocrine tumours. They are exclusively agonists that internalise upon binding to the relevant receptor. According to recent reports, antagonists may be preferable to agonists. To date, 99mTc-labelled somatostatin receptor antagonists have attracted little attention. Here, we report on a new somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sst2) antagonist, SS-01 (p-Cl-Phe-cyclo(D-Cys-Tyr-D-Trp-Lys-Thr-Cys)D-Tyr-NH2), with the aim of developing 99mTc-labelled ligands for SPECT/CT imaging. SS-01 was prepared using Fmoc solid-phase synthesis and subsequently coupled to the chelators 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA), 6-carboxy-1,4,8,11-tetraazaundecane (N4), and 6-hydrazinonicotinic acid (HYNIC) to form the corresponding peptide-chelator conjugates SS-03, SS-04, and SS-05, respectively. SS-04 and SS-05 were radiolabelled with 99mTc and SS-03 with 177Lu. Binding affinity and antagonistic properties were determined using autoradiography and immunofluorescence microscopy. Biodistribution and small animal SPECT/CT studies were performed on mice bearing HEK293-rsst2 xenografts. Results The conjugates showed low nanomolar sst2 affinity and antagonistic properties. 177Lu-DOTA-SS-01 (177Lu-SS-03) and 99mTc-N4-SS-01 (99mTc-SS-04) demonstrated high cell binding and low internalisation, whereas 99mTc-HYNIC/edda-SS-01 (99mTc-SS-05) showed practically no cellular uptake in vitro. The 99mTc-SS-04 demonstrated impressive tumour uptake at early time points, with 47% injected activity per gram tumour (%IA/g) at 1 h post-injection. The tumour uptake persisted after 4 h and was 32.5 %IA/g at 24 h. The uptake in all other organs decreased much more rapidly leading to high tumour-to-normal organ ratios, which was reflected in high-contrast SPECT/CT images. Conclusions These data indicate a very promising 99mTc-labelled sst2-targeting antagonist. The results demonstrate high sensitivity of the 99mTc-labelling strategy, which was shown to strongly influence the receptor affinity, contrary to corresponding agonists. 99mTc-SS-04 exhibits excellent pharmacokinetics and imaging properties and appears to be a suitable candidate for SPECT/CT clinical translation. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13550-018-0428-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keelara Abiraj
- Divisions of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland.,Roche Pharmaceutical Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center Basel, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd, Steinentorberg 8/12, 4051, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Samer Ursillo
- Divisions of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Maria Luisa Tamma
- Divisions of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Svetlana N Rylova
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Beatrice Waser
- Division of Cell Biology and Experimental Cancer Research, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, PO Box 62, Murtenstrasse 31, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Edwin C Constable
- Department of Chemistry, University of Basel, Spitalstrasse 51, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Melpomeni Fani
- Divisions of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Guillaume P Nicolas
- Divisions of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jean Claude Reubi
- Division of Cell Biology and Experimental Cancer Research, Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, PO Box 62, Murtenstrasse 31, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Helmut R Maecke
- Divisions of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry and Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Petersgraben 4, 4031, Basel, Switzerland. .,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical Centre - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Strasse 55, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
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19
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Roxin Á, Zhang C, Huh S, Lepage ML, Zhang Z, Lin KS, Bénard F, Perrin DM. Preliminary evaluation of 18F-labeled LLP2A-trifluoroborate conjugates as VLA-4 (α 4β 1 integrin) specific radiotracers for PET imaging of melanoma. Nucl Med Biol 2018; 61:11-20. [PMID: 29597141 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2018.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The transmembrane α4β1 integrin receptor, or very-late antigen 4 (VLA-4), is associated with tumor metastasis and angiogenesis, the development of chemotherapeutic drug resistance, and is overexpressed in multiple myelomas, osteosarcomas, lymphomas, leukemias, and melanomas. The peptidomimetic, LLP2A, is a high-affinity ligand with specificity for the extracellular portion of VLA-4 and several conjugates have been evaluated in vivo by NIR-fluorescence, 111In-SPECT and 68Ga- and 64Cu-PET imaging, but to date, not with 18F-PET. METHODS Using two highly stable organotrifluoroborate prosthetic groups: ammoniumdimethyl-trifluoroborate (AMBF3) and a new N-pyridinyl-para-trifluoroborate (N-Pyr-p-BF3), both capable of facile aqueous 18F-labeling by isotope exchange (IEX), we present the first PET imaging evaluations of two [18F]R-BF3--PEG2-LLP2A tracers using VLA-4 overexpressing B16-F10 murine melanoma tumor mouse models. RESULTS Here, we demonstrate successful one-step 18F-labeling of both conjugates with wet NCA [18F]F- in radiochemical yields of up to 11.6% within 75 min at molar activities of 40-100 GBq/μmol. Average tumor uptake values based on ex vivo biodistribution values were 4.4%ID/g (11) and 2.8%ID/g (12) using 18F-labeled LLP2A-conjugates with the two prosthetic groups: N-Pyr-p-BF3 (5) and alkyl-N,N-dimethylammonio-BF3 (AMBF3) (7), respectively, and was found to be target-specific as evidenced by in vivo blocking controls. Dynamic PET scanning and biodistribution studies revealed slow clearance of the [18F]R-BF3--PEG2-LLP2A tracers from the tumors, and also substantial uptake in the intestines, gall bladder, liver and bladder. Observed bone uptake was blockable, consistent with known VLA-4 expression in hematopoietic stem cells found in bone marrow. CONCLUSIONS These studies show that these [18F]R-BF3--PEG2-LLP2A conjugates (11 and 12) are promising VLA-4 targeting radiotracers, yet, further optimization will be required to reduce uptake in the gastro-intestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Áron Roxin
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, 765 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Sungjoon Huh
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Mathieu L Lepage
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Zhengxing Zhang
- Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, 765 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Kuo-Shyan Lin
- Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, 765 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - François Bénard
- Molecular Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Agency Research Center, 765 West 10th Avenue, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - David M Perrin
- Chemistry Department, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada.
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20
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Dalm SU, de Jong M. Comparing the use of radiolabeled SSTR agonists and an SSTR antagonist in breast cancer: does the model choice influence the outcome? EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2017; 2:11. [PMID: 29503852 PMCID: PMC5824702 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-017-0030-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Simone U. Dalm
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, South Holland Netherlands
| | - Marion de Jong
- Department of Radiology & Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, South Holland Netherlands
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