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Fan Y, Bian X, Meng X, Li L, Fu L, Zhang Y, Wang L, Zhang Y, Gao D, Guo X, Lammi MJ, Peng G, Sun S. Unveiling inflammatory and prehypertrophic cell populations as key contributors to knee cartilage degeneration in osteoarthritis using multi-omics data integration. Ann Rheum Dis 2024; 83:926-944. [PMID: 38325908 PMCID: PMC11187367 DOI: 10.1136/ard-2023-224420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Single-cell and spatial transcriptomics analysis of human knee articular cartilage tissue to present a comprehensive transcriptome landscape and osteoarthritis (OA)-critical cell populations. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing and spatially resolved transcriptomic technology have been applied to characterise the cellular heterogeneity of human knee articular cartilage which were collected from 8 OA donors, and 3 non-OA control donors, and a total of 19 samples. The novel chondrocyte population and marker genes of interest were validated by immunohistochemistry staining, quantitative real-time PCR, etc. The OA-critical cell populations were validated through integrative analyses of publicly available bulk RNA sequencing data and large-scale genome-wide association studies. RESULTS We identified 33 cell population-specific marker genes that define 11 chondrocyte populations, including 9 known populations and 2 new populations, that is, pre-inflammatory chondrocyte population (preInfC) and inflammatory chondrocyte population (InfC). The novel findings that make this an important addition to the literature include: (1) the novel InfC activates the mediator MIF-CD74; (2) the prehypertrophic chondrocyte (preHTC) and hypertrophic chondrocyte (HTC) are potentially OA-critical cell populations; (3) most OA-associated differentially expressed genes reside in the articular surface and superficial zone; (4) the prefibrocartilage chondrocyte (preFC) population is a major contributor to the stratification of patients with OA, resulting in both an inflammatory-related subtype and a non-inflammatory-related subtype. CONCLUSIONS Our results highlight InfC, preHTC, preFC and HTC as potential cell populations to target for therapy. Also, we conclude that profiling of those cell populations in patients might be used to stratify patient populations for defining cohorts for clinical trials and precision medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Fan
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Shaanxi Province; Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuzhao Bian
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaogao Meng
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lei Li
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Laiyi Fu
- School of Automation Science and Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Long Wang
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Center for Evidence-Based Medicine and Clinical Research, Taihe Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, Hubei, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Department of Orthopaedics, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dalong Gao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Central Hospital of Xianyang, Xianyang, China
| | - Xiong Guo
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Shaanxi Province; Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mikko Juhani Lammi
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Guangdun Peng
- Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Center for Cell Lineage and Development, CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine, GIBH-HKU Guangdong-Hong Kong Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Centre, China-New Zealand Joint Laboratory on Biomedicine and Health, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shiquan Sun
- Center for Single-Cell Omics and Health, School of Public Health, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Endemic Diseases and Health Promotion in Silk Road Region, Shaanxi Province; Key Laboratory of Trace Elements and Endemic Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education; Key Laboratory for Disease Prevention and Control and Health Promotion of Shaanxi Province, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
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Ignatyeva N, Gavrilov N, Timashev PS, Medvedeva EV. Prg4-Expressing Chondroprogenitor Cells in the Superficial Zone of Articular Cartilage. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:5605. [PMID: 38891793 PMCID: PMC11171992 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25115605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Joint-resident chondrogenic precursor cells have become a significant therapeutic option due to the lack of regenerative capacity in articular cartilage. Progenitor cells are located in the superficial zone of the articular cartilage, producing lubricin/Prg4 to decrease friction of cartilage surfaces during joint movement. Prg4-positive progenitors are crucial in maintaining the joint's structure and functionality. The disappearance of progenitor cells leads to changes in articular hyaline cartilage over time, subchondral bone abnormalities, and the formation of ectopic ossification. Genetic labeling cell technology has been the main tool used to characterize Prg4-expressing progenitor cells of articular cartilage in vivo through drug injection at different time points. This technology allows for the determination of the origin of progenitor cells and the tracking of their progeny during joint development and cartilage damage. We endeavored to highlight the currently known information about the Prg4-producing cell population in the joint to underline the significance of the role of these cells in the development of articular cartilage and its homeostasis. This review focuses on superficial progenitors in the joint, how they contribute to postnatal articular cartilage formation, their capacity for regeneration, and the consequences of Prg4 deficiency in these cells. We have accumulated information about the Prg4+ cell population of articular cartilage obtained through various elegantly designed experiments using transgenic technologies to identify potential opportunities for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda Ignatyeva
- Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 8-2 Trubetskaya St., Moscow 119048, Russia; (N.G.); (P.S.T.); (E.V.M.)
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Takahashi I, Takeda K, Toyama T, Matsuzaki T, Kuroki H, Hoso M. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses of articular cartilage during onset and progression of pre- and early-stage osteoarthritis in a rodent model. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10568. [PMID: 38719877 PMCID: PMC11079058 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61502-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Early diagnosis and treatment of pre- and early-stage osteoarthritis (OA) is important. However, the cellular and cartilaginous changes occurring during these stages remain unclear. We investigated the histological and immunohistochemical changes over time between pre- and early-stage OA in a rat model of traumatic injury. Thirty-six male rats were divided into two groups, control and OA groups, based on destabilization of the medial meniscus. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses of articular cartilage were performed on days 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 postoperatively. Cell density of proteins associated with cartilage degradation increased from postoperative day one. On postoperative day three, histological changes, including chondrocyte death, reduced matrix staining, and superficial fibrillation, were observed. Simultaneously, a compensatory increase in matrix staining was observed. The Osteoarthritis Research Society International score increased from postoperative day seven, indicating thinner cartilage. On postoperative day 10, the positive cell density decreased, whereas histological changes progressed with fissuring and matrix loss. The proteoglycan 4-positive cell density increased on postoperative day seven. These findings will help establish an experimental model and clarify the mechanism of the onset and progression of pre- and early-stage traumatic OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ikufumi Takahashi
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1, Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan.
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Takeda
- Section of Rehabilitation, Kanazawa University Hospital, 13-1, Takaramachi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, 920-8641, Japan
| | - Tadashi Toyama
- Division of Biostatistics, Innovative Clinical Research Center, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Taro Matsuzaki
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kuroki
- Department of Motor Function Analysis, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masahiro Hoso
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
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Unterguggenberger C, Jahangir S, Salzmann GM, Stoddart MJ, Grad S, Schmal H, Kubosch EJ. Response of Articular Cartilage to Hyperosmolar Stress: Report of an Ex Vivo Injury Model. Am J Sports Med 2024; 52:1596-1607. [PMID: 38581200 DOI: 10.1177/03635465241241089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Physiological 0.9% saline is commonly used as an irrigation fluid in modern arthroscopy. There is a growing body of evidence that a hyperosmolar saline solution has chondroprotective effects, especially if iatrogenic injury occurs. PURPOSE To (1) corroborate the superiority of a hyperosmolar saline solution regarding chondrocyte survival after mechanical injury and (2) observe the modulatory response of articular cartilage to osmotic stress and injury. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Osteochondral explants were isolated from bovine stifle joints and exposed to either 0.9% saline (308 mOsm) or hyperosmolar saline (600 mOsm) and then damaged with a sharp dermatome blade to attain a confined full-thickness cartilage injury site, incubated in the same fluids for another 3 hours, and transferred to chondropermissive medium for further culture for 1 week. Chondrocyte survival was assessed by confocal imaging, while the cellular response was evaluated over 1 week by relative gene expression for apoptotic and inflammatory markers and mediator release into the medium. RESULTS The full-thickness cartilage cut resulted in a confined zone of cell death that mainly affected superficial zone chondrocytes. Injured samples that were exposed to hyperosmolar saline showed less expansion of cell death in both the axial (P < .007) and the coronal (P < .004) plane. There was no progression of cell death during the following week of culture. Histological assessment revealed an intact cartilage matrix and normal chondrocyte morphology. Inflammatory and proapoptotic genes were upregulated on the first days postexposure with a notable downregulation toward day 7. Mediator release into the medium was concentrated on day 3. CONCLUSION This in vitro cartilage injury model provides further evidence for the chondroprotective effect of a hyperosmolar saline irrigation fluid, as well as novel data on the capability of articular cartilage to quickly regain joint homeostasis after osmotic stress and injury. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Raising the osmolarity of an irrigating solution may be a simple and safe strategy to protect articular cartilage during arthroscopic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clemens Unterguggenberger
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Gian M Salzmann
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Lower Extremity Orthopaedics, Musculoskeletal Centre, Schulthess Clinic, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Sibylle Grad
- AO Research Institute Davos, Davos Platz, Switzerland
| | - Hagen Schmal
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Eva Johanna Kubosch
- Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Davis EER, Manzoni TJ, Bianchi VJ, Weber JF, Wu PH, Regmi SC, Waldman SD, Schmidt TA, Su AW, Kandel RA, Parreno J. Passaged Articular Chondrocytes From the Superficial Zone and Deep Zone Can Regain Zone-Specific Properties After Redifferentiation. Am J Sports Med 2024; 52:1075-1087. [PMID: 38419462 DOI: 10.1177/03635465241230031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bioengineered cartilage is a developing therapeutic to repair cartilage defects. The matrix must be rich in collagen type II and aggrecan and mechanically competent, withstanding compressive and shearing loads. Biomechanical properties in native articular cartilage depend on the zonal architecture consisting of 3 zones: superficial, middle, and deep. The superficial zone chondrocytes produce lubricating proteoglycan-4, whereas the deep zone chondrocytes produce collagen type X, which allows for integration into the subchondral bone. Zonal and chondrogenic expression is lost after cell number expansion. Current cell-based therapies have limited capacity to regenerate the zonal structure of native cartilage. HYPOTHESIS Both passaged superficial and deep zone chondrocytes at high density can form bioengineered cartilage that is rich in collagen type II and aggrecan; however, only passaged superficial zone-derived chondrocytes will express superficial zone-specific proteoglycan-4, and only passaged deep zone-derived chondrocytes will express deep zone-specific collagen type X. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS Superficial and deep zone chondrocytes were isolated from bovine joints, and zonal subpopulations were separately expanded in 2-dimensional culture. At passage 2, superficial and deep zone chondrocytes were seeded, separately, in scaffold-free 3-dimensional culture within agarose wells and cultured in redifferentiation media. RESULTS Monolayer expansion resulted in loss of expression for proteoglycan-4 and collagen type X in passaged superficial and deep zone chondrocytes, respectively. By passage 2, superficial and deep zone chondrocytes had similar expression for dedifferentiated molecules collagen type I and tenascin C. Redifferentiation of both superficial and deep zone chondrocytes led to the expression of collagen type II and aggrecan in both passaged chondrocyte populations. However, only redifferentiated deep zone chondrocytes expressed collagen type X, and only redifferentiated superficial zone chondrocytes expressed and secreted proteoglycan-4. Additionally, redifferentiated deep zone chondrocytes produced a thicker and more robust tissue compared with superficial zone chondrocytes. CONCLUSION The recapitulation of the primary phenotype from passaged zonal chondrocytes introduces a novel method of functional bioengineering of cartilage that resembles the zone-specific biological properties of native cartilage. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The recapitulation of the primary phenotype in zonal chondrocytes could be a possible method to tailor bioengineered cartilage to have zone-specific expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth E R Davis
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Thomas J Manzoni
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
| | - Vanessa J Bianchi
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Joanna F Weber
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Po Han Wu
- Department of Human Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Suresh C Regmi
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Stephen D Waldman
- Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Toronto Metropolitan University, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tannin A Schmidt
- Biomedical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, Connecticut, USA
| | - Alvin W Su
- Nemours Sports Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nemours Children's Hospital, Wilmington, Delaware, USA
| | - Rita A Kandel
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Justin Parreno
- Institute of Biomaterials and Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware, USA
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Gonzalez-Nolde S, Schweiger CJ, Davis EER, Manzoni TJ, Hussein SMI, Schmidt TA, Cone SG, Jay GD, Parreno J. The Actin Cytoskeleton as a Regulator of Proteoglycan 4. Cartilage 2024:19476035231223455. [PMID: 38183234 DOI: 10.1177/19476035231223455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The superficial zone (SZ) of articular cartilage is responsible for distributing shear forces for optimal cartilage loading and contributes to joint lubrication through the production of proteoglycan 4 (PRG4). PRG4 plays a critical role in joint homeostasis and is chondroprotective. Normal PRG4 production is affected by inflammation and irregular mechanical loading in post-traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). THe SZ chondrocyte (SZC) phenotype, including PRG4 expression, is regulated by the actin cytoskeleton in vitro. There remains a limited understanding of the regulation of PRG4 by the actin cytoskeleton in native articular chondrocytes. The filamentous (F)-actin cytoskeleton is a potential node in crosstalk between mechanical stimulation and cytokine activation and the regulation of PRG4 in SZCs, therefore developing insights in the regulation of PRG4 by actin may identify molecular targets for novel PTOA therapies. MATERIALS AND METHODS A comprehensive literature search on PRG4 and the regulation of the SZC phenotype by actin organization was performed. RESULTS PRG4 is strongly regulated by the actin cytoskeleton in isolated SZCs in vitro. Biochemical and mechanical stimuli have been characterized to regulate PRG4 and may converge upon actin cytoskeleton signaling. CONCLUSION Actin-based regulation of PRG4 in native SZCs is not fully understood and requires further elucidation. Understanding the regulation of PRG4 by actin in SZCs requires an in vivo context to further potential of leveraging actin arrangement to arthritic therapeutics.
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Lin YL, Yu L, Yan M, Zimmel K, Qureshi O, Imholt F, Li T, Ivanov I, Brunauer R, Dawson L, Muneoka K. Induced regeneration of articular cartilage - identification of a dormant regeneration program for a non-regenerative tissue. Development 2023; 150:dev201894. [PMID: 37882667 PMCID: PMC10651102 DOI: 10.1242/dev.201894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
A mouse organoid culture model was developed to regenerate articular cartilage by sequential treatment with BMP2 and BMP9 (or GDF2) that parallels induced joint regeneration at digit amputation wounds in vivo. BMP9-induced chondrogenesis was used to identify clonal cell lines for articular chondrocyte and hypertrophic chondrocyte progenitor cells from digit fibroblasts. A protocol that includes cell aggregation enhanced by BMP2 followed by BMP9-induced chondrogenesis resulted in the differentiation of organized layers of articular chondrocytes, similar to the organization of middle and deep zones of articular cartilage in situ, and retained a differentiated phenotype following transplantation. In addition, the differentiation of a non-chondrogenic connective tissue layer containing articular chondrocyte progenitor cells demonstrated that progenitor cell sequestration is coupled with articular cartilage differentiation at a clonal level. The studies identify a dormant endogenous regenerative program for a non-regenerative tissue in which fibroblast-derived progenitor cells can be induced to initiate morphogenetic and differentiative programs that include progenitor cell sequestration. The identification of dormant regenerative programs in non-regenerative tissues such as articular cartilage represents a novel strategy that integrates regeneration biology with regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Lieh Lin
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ling Yu
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Mingquan Yan
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Katherine Zimmel
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Osama Qureshi
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Felisha Imholt
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Hand Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongli Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ivan Ivanov
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Regina Brunauer
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Lindsay Dawson
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Ken Muneoka
- Department of Veterinary Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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Kojima Y, Watanabe T. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound irradiation attenuates collagen degradation of articular cartilage in early osteoarthritis-like model mice. J Exp Orthop 2023; 10:106. [PMID: 37870591 PMCID: PMC10593698 DOI: 10.1186/s40634-023-00672-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Osteoarthritis (OA) is a combination of degeneration and destruction of articular cartilage due to mechanical stress, secondary synovitis, and bone remodelling. In recent years, early knee OA, a preliminary stage of structural failure in OA, has attracted attention as a potential target for therapy to prevent the onset of OA. Intra-articular administration of monoiodoacetic acid (MIA) induces OA-like symptoms, and low doses of MIA induce early OA like symptoms. In this experiment, a low-dose of MIA was induced to early OA model mice, which were then irradiated with low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) to examine whether LIPUS improves symptoms of early OA. METHODS After 4 weeks of LIPUS irradiation, articular cartilage was observed at 1 and 4 weeks. The Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) scores were calculated using Safranin-O staining results. Cartilage degeneration was detected using Denatured Collagen Detection Reagent (DCDR). RESULTS We observed a significant decrease in OARSI scores in the LIPUS irradiated group at week 4. The non-LIPUS group showed widespread areas of double positivity for Type II collagen and DCDR, whereas the LIPUS group showed only a small number of DCDR-positive areas. In addition, macrophage numbers counted in the articular capsule at week 1 showed a significant decrease in the LIPUS irradiated group. Lubricin detection showed that lubricin positive cell number was significantly increased by LIPUS irradiation at week 4. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that LIPUS attenuates cartilage degeneration in early OA by relieving inflammation and enhancing the inhibitory effect of lubricin on cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshitsugu Kojima
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matanocho Totsukaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 245-0066, Japan.
- Planning and Product Development Division, Nippon Sigmax Co., Ltd., 7th Floor, 1-24-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Watanabe
- Clinical Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Yokohama University of Pharmacy, 601 Matanocho Totsukaku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 245-0066, Japan
- Planning and Product Development Division, Nippon Sigmax Co., Ltd., 7th Floor, 1-24-1 Nishi-shinjuku, Shinjuku-Ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan
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Yin Y, Zhang Y, Guo L, Li P, Wang D, Huang L, Zhao X, Wu G, Li L, Wei X. Effect of Moderate Exercise on the Superficial Zone of Articular Cartilage in Age-Related Osteoarthritis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:3193. [PMID: 37892013 PMCID: PMC10605492 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13203193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effect of exercise on the superficial zone of the osteoarticular cartilage during osteoarthritis progression. Three-month-old, nine-month-old, and eighteen-month-old Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups, moderate exercise and no exercise, for 10 weeks. Histological staining, immunostaining, and nanoindentation measurements were conducted to detect changes in the superficial zone. X-ray and micro-CT were quantitated to detect alterations in the microarchitecture of the tibial subchondral bone. Cells were extracted from the superficial zone of the cartilage under fluid-flow shear stress conditions to further verify changes in vitro. The number of cells and proteoglycan content in the superficial zone increased more in the exercise group than in the control group. Exercise can change the content and distribution of collagen types I and III in the superficial layer. In addition, TGFβ/pSmad2/3 and Prg4 expression levels increased under the intervention of exercise on the superficial zone. Exercise can improve the Young's modulus of the cartilage and reduce the abnormal subchondral bone remodeling which occurs after superficial zone changes. Moderate exercise delays the degeneration of the articular cartilage by its effect on the superficial zone, and the TGFβ/pSmad2/3 signaling pathways and Prg4 play an important role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Yin
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.); (P.L.); (D.W.); (L.H.); (G.W.)
| | - Yuanyu Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.); (P.L.); (D.W.); (L.H.); (G.W.)
| | - Li Guo
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.); (P.L.); (D.W.); (L.H.); (G.W.)
| | - Pengcui Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.); (P.L.); (D.W.); (L.H.); (G.W.)
| | - Dongming Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.); (P.L.); (D.W.); (L.H.); (G.W.)
| | - Lingan Huang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.); (P.L.); (D.W.); (L.H.); (G.W.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Department of Sports Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zhao
- College of Physical Education, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, China;
| | - Gaige Wu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.); (P.L.); (D.W.); (L.H.); (G.W.)
| | - Lu Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.); (P.L.); (D.W.); (L.H.); (G.W.)
| | - Xiaochun Wei
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Bone and Soft Tissue Injury Repair, Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan 030001, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Z.); (L.G.); (P.L.); (D.W.); (L.H.); (G.W.)
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10
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Zhong Y, Zhou Y, Ding R, Zou L, Zhang H, Wei X, He D. Intra-articular treatment of temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis by injecting actively-loaded meloxicam liposomes with dual-functions of anti-inflammation and lubrication. Mater Today Bio 2023; 19:100573. [PMID: 36816604 PMCID: PMC9929446 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2023.100573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) osteoarthritis is a common osteochondral degenerative disease which can severely affect patient's mouth opening and mastication. Meloxicam (MLX), one of the most widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, is the main clinical therapy for the treatment of TMJ osteoarthritis. However, the clinical effect is greatly compromised because of its poor water solubility and high lipophilicity. In the present study, we developed an actively-loaded liposomal formulation, namely MLX-Ca(AC)2Lipo, using meglumine to enhance aqueous solubility and divalent metal (Ca2+) solution to improve encapsulation efficiency. By the formation of the nano-bowl shaped MLX-Ca precipitates inside the liposomes, MLX-Ca(AC)2Lipo successfully achieved an optimal encapsulation efficiency as high as 98.4% compared with previous passive loading method (60.6%). Additionally, MLX-Ca(AC)2Lipo maintained stable, and the slow drug release not only prolonged the duration of drug efficacy but also improved bioavailability. It was shown in the in vitro and in vivo tests that MLX-Ca(AC)2Lipo downregulated the synthesis of the inflammatory factors (such as prostaglandin-E2) and as a consequence reduced chondrocytes apoptosis and extracellular matrix degeneration. Furthermore, the intra-articular injection of MLX-Ca(AC)2Lipo enhanced bioinspired lubrication of TMJ, protecting the cartilage from progressive wear. In summary, MLX-Ca(AC)2Lipo with dual-functions of anti-inflammation and lubrication is a promising nanomedicine for the treatment of TMJ osteoarthritis by intra-articular injection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqian Zhong
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China,National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Yuyu Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Ruoyi Ding
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China,National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Luxiang Zou
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China,National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China
| | - Hongyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Tribology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Xiaohui Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China,Corresponding author.
| | - Dongmei He
- Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China,National Clinical Research Center of Stomatology, Shanghai, 200011, China,Corresponding author. Department of Oral Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200011, China.
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11
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Wang T, Wang J, Sun Z, Zhang L, Yu C, Zhao H, Yan M, Sun S, Ye Z, Zhang Y, Yu T. Single-cell RNA sequence presents atlas analysis for chondrocytes in the talus and reveals the potential mechanism in coping with mechanical stress. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:1047119. [PMID: 36438550 PMCID: PMC9685414 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.1047119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Chondrocytes are indispensable for the function of cartilage because they provide the extracellular matrix. Therefore, gaining insight into the chondrocytes may be helpful in understanding cartilage function and pinpointing potential therapeutical targets for diseases. The talus is a part of the ankle joint, which serves as the major large joint that bears body weight. Compared with the distal tibial and fibula, the talus bears much more mechanical loading, which is a risk factor for osteoarthritis (OA). However, in most individuals, OA seems to be absent in the ankle, and the cartilage of the talus seems to function normally. This study applied single-cell RNA sequencing to demonstrate atlas for chondrocyte subsets in healthy talus cartilage obtained from five volunteers, and chondrocyte subsets were annotated. Gene ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses for each cell type, cell-cell interactions, and single-cell regulatory network inference and clustering for each cell type were conducted, and hub genes for each cell type were identified. Immunohistochemical staining was used to confirm the presence and distribution of each cell type. Two new chondrocyte subsets were annotated as MirCs and SpCs. The identified and speculated novel microenvironment may pose different directions in chondrocyte composition, development, and metabolism in the talus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianrui Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Junjie Wang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zewen Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Medical Research Center, Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chenghao Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haibo Zhao
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mingyue Yan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shenjie Sun
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
- Qingdao Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhenhao Ye
- LC-Bio Technologies, Co., Ltd., Hangzhou, China
| | - Yingze Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Tengbo Yu
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Direct Reprogramming of Mouse Subchondral Bone Osteoblasts into Chondrocyte-like Cells. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102582. [PMID: 36289842 PMCID: PMC9599480 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatment of full-thickness articular cartilage defects with exposure of subchondral bone often seen in osteoarthritic conditions has long been a great challenge, especially with a focus on the feasibility of in situ cartilage regeneration through minimally invasive procedures. Osteoblasts that situate in the subchondral bone plate may be considered a potentially vital endogenous source of cells for cartilage resurfacing through direct reprogramming into chondrocytes. Microarray-based gene expression profiles were generated to compare tissue-specific transcripts between subchondral bone and cartilage of mice and to assess age-dependent differences of chondrocytes as well. On osteoblast cell lines established from mouse proximal tibial subchondral bone, sequential screening by co-transduction of transcription factor (TF) genes that distinguish chondrocytes from osteoblasts reveals a shortlist of potential reprogramming factors exhibiting combined effects in inducing chondrogenesis of subchondral bone osteoblasts. A further combinatorial approach unexpectedly identified two 3-TF combinations containing Sox9 and Sox5 that exhibit differences in reprogramming propensity with the third TF c-Myc or Plagl1, which appeared to direct the converted chondrocytes toward either a superficial or a deeper zone phenotype. Thus, our approach demonstrates the possibility of converting osteoblasts into two major chondrocyte subpopulations with two combinations of three genes (Sox9, Sox5, and c-Myc or Plagl1). The findings may have important implications for developing novel in situ regeneration strategies for the reconstruction of full-thickness cartilage defects.
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Roles of Cartilage-Resident Stem/Progenitor Cells in Cartilage Physiology, Development, Repair and Osteoarthritis. Cells 2022; 11:cells11152305. [PMID: 35892602 PMCID: PMC9332847 DOI: 10.3390/cells11152305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative disease that causes irreversible destruction of articular cartilage for which there is no effective treatment at present. Although articular cartilage lacks intrinsic reparative capacity, numerous studies have confirmed the existence of cartilage-resident stem/progenitor cells (CSPCs) in the superficial zone (SFZ) of articular cartilage. CSPCs are characterized by the expression of mesenchymal stromal cell (MSC)-related surface markers, multilineage differentiation ability, colony formation ability, and migration ability in response to injury. In contrast to MSCs and chondrocytes, CSPCs exhibit extensive proliferative and chondrogenic potential with no signs of hypertrophic differentiation, highlighting them as suitable cell sources for cartilage repair. In this review, we focus on the organizational distribution, markers, cytological features and roles of CSPCs in cartilage development, homeostasis and repair, and the application potential of CSPCs in cartilage repair and OA therapies.
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