Ding JB, Dongas J, Hu K, Ding M. Autoimmune Limbic Encephalitis: A Review of Clinicoradiological Features and the Challenges of Diagnosis.
Cureus 2021;
13:e17529. [PMID:
34603897 PMCID:
PMC8476324 DOI:
10.7759/cureus.17529]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Limbic encephalitis is an autoimmune cause of encephalitis. In addition to the usual symptoms of encephalitis such as altered consciousness, fever, and focal neurological deficits, limbic encephalitis can present with neuropsychiatric manifestations and seizures. Making a formal diagnosis involves a difficult and prolonged workup phase. The purpose of this review is to help readers delineate limbic encephalitis from other illnesses. This is done by presenting a spectrum of potential organic differential diagnoses and pertinent findings that distinguish them from limbic encephalitis. Instead of presenting a variety of psychiatric differential diagnoses, the authors present a review of psychiatric manifestations known to be associated with limbic encephalitis, as naturally, any psychiatric disorder could be a potential comorbid disease.
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