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Yu L, Liu Y, Feng Y. Cardiac arrhythmia in COVID-19 patients. Ann Noninvasive Electrocardiol 2024; 29:e13105. [PMID: 38339786 PMCID: PMC10858328 DOI: 10.1111/anec.13105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was first introduced in December 2019, which is known as severe acute respiratory syndrome caused by coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) that is a serious and life-threatening disease. Although pneumonia is the most common manifestation of COVID-19 and was initially introduced as a respiratory infection, in fact, the infection of COVID-19 is a subset of complications and damage to various organs. There are several reports of cardiac involvement with COVID-19. A wide range of cardiac complications may occur following COVID-19 infection, including systolic heart failure, myocarditis, pericarditis, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, and thromboembolic events. There are various hypotheses about the pathophysiology of cardiovascular involvement by this virus. At the top of these hypotheses is the release of cytokines to the heart. Although there are other assumptions, considering that one of the causes of death in patients with COVID-19 is arrhythmia. It is necessary to know correctly about its pathophysiology and etiology. Therefore, in this study, we have reviewed the articles of recent years in the field of pathophysiology and etiology of arrhythmia in patients with COVID-19 infection. The purpose of this study was to provide a basis for a correct and more comprehensive understanding of the pathogenesis of arrhythmia in patients with COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yu
- Department of CardiologyJinan Third People's HospitalJinanChina
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of CardiologyShandong Second Provincial General HospitalJinanChina
| | - Yanjing Feng
- Department of CardiologyShandong Second Provincial General HospitalJinanChina
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Mooses K, Vesilind K, Oja M, Tamm S, Haug M, Kalda R, Suija K, Tisler A, Meister T, Malk M, Uusküla A, Kolde R. The use of prescription drugs and health care services during the 6-month post-COVID-19 period. Sci Rep 2023; 13:11638. [PMID: 37468497 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38691-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
COVID-19 and other acute respiratory viruses can have a long-term impact on health. We aimed to assess the common features and differences in the post-acute phase of COVID-19 compared with other non-chronic respiratory infections (RESP) using population-based electronic health data. We applied the self-controlled case series method where prescription drugs and health care utilisation were used as indicators of health outcomes during the six-month-long post-acute period. The incidence rate ratios of COVID-19 and RESP groups were compared. The analysis included 146 314 individuals. Out of 5452 drugs analysed, 14 had increased administration after COVID-19 with drugs for cardiovascular diseases (trimetazidine, metoprolol, rosuvastatin) and psychotropic drugs (alprazolam, zolpidem, melatonin) being most prevalent. The health impact of COVID-19 was more apparent among females and individuals with non-severe COVID-19. The increased risk of exacerbating pre-existing conditions was observed for the COVID-19 group. COVID-19 vaccination did not have effect on drug prescriptions but lowered the health care utilisation during post-acute period. Compared with RESP, COVID-19 increased the use of outpatient services during the post-infection period. The long-term negative impact of COVID-19 on life quality must be acknowledged, and supportive health care and public health services provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerli Mooses
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Kaarel Vesilind
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Marek Oja
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sirli Tamm
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Markus Haug
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Ruth Kalda
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Kadri Suija
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anna Tisler
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tatjana Meister
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Maria Malk
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Anneli Uusküla
- Institute of Family Medicine and Public Health, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Raivo Kolde
- Institute of Computer Science, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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Varney JA, Dong VS, Tsao T, Sabir MS, Rivera AT, Ghula S, Moriles KE, Cherukuri ML, Fazal R, Azevedo CB, Mohamed RM, Jackson GR, Fleming SE, Rochez DE, Abbas KS, Shah JH, Minh LHN, Osman F, Rafla SM, Huy NT. COVID-19 and arrhythmia: An overview. J Cardiol 2021; 79:468-475. [PMID: 35074257 PMCID: PMC8632592 DOI: 10.1016/j.jjcc.2021.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Arrhythmias in COVID-19 patients are associated with hypoxia, myocardial ischemia, cytokines, inflammation, electrolyte abnormalities, pro-arrhythmic or QT-prolonging medications, and underlying heart conditions such as severe congestive heart failure, inherited arrhythmia syndromes, or congenital heart conditions. In the pediatric population, multisystem inflammatory syndrome can lead to cardiac injury and arrhythmias. In addition, arrhythmias and cardiac arrests are most prevalent in the critically ill intensive care unit COVID-19 patient population. This review presents an overview of the association between COVID-19 and arrhythmias by detailing possible pathophysiological mechanisms, existing knowledge of pro-arrhythmic factors, and results from studies in adult and pediatric COVID-19 populations, and the clinical implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A Varney
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten
| | - Vinh S Dong
- AU/UGA Medical Partnership, Internal Medicine, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Tiffany Tsao
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten
| | - Mariam S Sabir
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten
| | - Amanda T Rivera
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten
| | - Suhaib Ghula
- The University of Buckingham School of Medicine, Buckingham, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Rahim Fazal
- AU/UGA Medical Partnership, Internal Medicine, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Chelsea B Azevedo
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten
| | - Rana Mk Mohamed
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten
| | - Garrett R Jackson
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten
| | - Shannon E Fleming
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten
| | - Diana E Rochez
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten
| | | | | | - Le Huu Nhat Minh
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam
| | - Faizel Osman
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Coventry, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Samir M Rafla
- Department of Cardiology and Angiology, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
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