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Chukwuma IF, Nworah FN, Apeh VO, Omeje KO, Nweze EJ, Asogwa CD, Ezeorba TPC. Phytochemical Characterization, Functional Nutrition, and Anti-Diabetic Potentials of Leptadenia hastata (pers) Decne Leaves: In Silico and In Vitro Studies. Bioinform Biol Insights 2022; 16:11779322221115436. [PMID: 35982736 PMCID: PMC9379957 DOI: 10.1177/11779322221115436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The geometrical increase in diabetes mellitus (DM) and the undesirable side
effects of synthetic drugs have intensified efforts to search for an effective
and safe anti-diabetic therapy. This study aimed to identify the antioxidant and
anti-diabetic agents in the ethanol extract of Leptadenia
hastata (EELH). The phytochemicals, antioxidant vitamins, and
minerals present in EELH were determined using standard procedures to achieve
this aim. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy and flame ionization
detector (GC-MS/GC-FID) was employed to identify bioactive compounds. An
e-pharmacophore model was generated from the extra precision, and
energy-minimized docked position of standard inhibitor, acarbose onto human
pancreatic amylase (HPA, PDB-6OCN). It was used to screen the GC-MS/GC-FID
library of compounds. The top-scoring compounds were subjected to glide
XP-docking and prime MM-GBSA calculation with the Schrodinger suite-v12.4. The
Adsorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity (ADMET) prediction
of the best-fit compounds was made using SwissADME and PROTOX-II webservers.
Further validation of the docking results was performed with the in vitro
analysis of the α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activities. EELH contains
appreciable amounts of antioxidant and anti-diabetic phytoconstituents. The
top-4 scoring compounds (rutin, epicatechin, kaempferol, and naringenin) from
the EELH phytochemical library interacted with amino acid residues within and
around the HPA active site. The ADMET prediction shows that epicatechin,
kaempferol, and naringenin had favorable drug-likeness, pharmacokinetic
properties, and a good safety profile. EELH demonstrated good inhibitory actions
against α-amylase and α-glucosidase with 1C50 values of 14.14 and
4.22 µg/mL, respectively. Thus, L hastata phytoconstituents are
promising novel candidates for developing an anti-diabetic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ifeoma Felicia Chukwuma
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Florence Nkechi Nworah
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Victor Onukwube Apeh
- Department of Applied Sciences, Federal College of Dental Technology and Therapy, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Kingsley Ozioma Omeje
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Ekene John Nweze
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Chukwudi Daniel Asogwa
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Timothy Prince Chidike Ezeorba
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria.,Department of Molecular Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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