1
|
Kathiresan N, Harini K, Veera Ravi A, Veerabharathi P, Pandi S, Ramesh M, Awere CO, Langeswaran K. Deciphering the Potential Therapeutic Effects of Hydnocarpus wightianus Seed Extracts using in vitro and in silico approaches. Microb Pathog 2024; 194:106798. [PMID: 39025383 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Abstract
Phytocompounds possess the potential to treat a broad spectrum of disorders due to their remarkable bioactivity. Naturally occurring compounds possess lower toxicity profiles, which making them attractive targets for drug development. Hydnocarpus wightianus seeds were extracted using ethanol, acetone, and hexane solvents. The extracts were evaluated for phytochemicals screening and other therapeutic characteristics, such as free radicals scavenging, anti α-amylase, anti α-glucosidase, and anti-bacterial activities. The ethanolic extract exhibited noteworthy antibacterial characteristics and demonstrated considerable antioxidant, and anti-diabetic effects. The IC50 value of the ethanolic extract for Dpph, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase were found to be 77.299 ± 3.381 μg/mL, 165.56 2.56 μg/mL, and 136.58 ± 5.82 μg/mL, respectively. The ethanolic extract was effective against Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (26 mm zone of inhibition at 100 μL concentration). Molecular docking investigations revealed the phytoconstituent's inhibitory mechanisms against diabetic, free radicals, and bacterial activity. Docking score for phytocompounds against targeted protein varies from -7.2 to -5.1 kcal/mol. The bioactive compounds present in the ethanolic extract were identified by Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry analysis, followed by molecular docking and molecular dynamic simulation studies to further explore the phytoconstituent's inhibitory mechanism of α-glucosidase, ∝-amylase, radical scavenging, and bacterial activity. The electronic structure and possible pharmacological actions of the phytocompound were revealed through the use of Density Functional Theory (DFT) analysis. Computational and in vitro studies revealed that these identified compounds have anti-diabetic, anti-oxidant, and anti-bacterial activities against antibiotic-resistant strain of Staphylococcus aureus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nachammai Kathiresan
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kasilingam Harini
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arumugam Veera Ravi
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Sangavi Pandi
- Department of Bioinformatics, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Manikandan Ramesh
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Collince Omondi Awere
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kulanthaivel Langeswaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Biomedical Science, Alagappa University, Science Campus, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mochamad L, Malarvili S, Jasmine K, Lim V. In vitro analysis of quercetin-like compounds from mistletoe Dendrophthoe pentandra (L.) Miq as a potential antiviral agent for Newcastle disease. F1000Res 2024; 12:1214. [PMID: 38962299 PMCID: PMC11220444 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.133489.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Recent evidence suggests that some flavonoid compounds obtained from crude methanol extract of mistletoe leaves ( Dendrophthoe pentandra L. Miq), also known as Benalu Duku (BD), have antimicrobial effects. Thus, the plant has the potential to eliminate viruses that may cause outbreaks in chicken farms. This study aimed to prove the in vitro ability of flavonoid compounds, namely quercetin-like compounds (QLCs), to eliminate field viruses, specifically the Newcastle disease virus (NDV). Methods This research was performed in two stages. An in vitro test was used with a post-test of the control groups designed at a significance of 0.05. BD leaves (5 kg) were extracted using a maceration method with methanol and then separated into hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and methanol fractions. The final extracted products were separated using semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to obtain QLCs. The QLCs were identified and compared with quercetin using HPLC, proton and carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometry and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The activity of QLCs was tested in vitro against the NDV at a virulence titter of 10 -5 Tissue Culture Infectious Dose 50% (TCID50) in chicken kidney cell culture. Results Solutions of 0.05% (w/v) QLCs were discovered to have antiviral activity against NDVs, with an average cytopathogenic effect antigenicity at a 10 -5 dilution (p<0.05). Conclusions QLCs from flavonoids from the leaves of BD have in vitro antiviral bioactivity against NDV at a virulence titter of 10-5 Tissue Culture Infectious Dose 50% (TCID50) in chicken kidney cell culture. QLCs may have the potential to be developed as medicinal compounds for the treatment of other human or animal viral infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lazuardi Mochamad
- Sub-division Veterinary Pharmacy Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, East Java, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Selvaraja Malarvili
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, No.1, Jalan Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, Kuala Lumpur, Wilayah Persekutuan, Malaysia
| | - Khairat Jasmine
- Institute of Biological Science, Faculty of Science, University Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, 50603, Malaysia
| | - Vuanghao Lim
- Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Bertam 13200 Kepala Batas, Penang, Penang, 13200, Malaysia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ranjan Kumar R, Jain R, Akhtar S, Parveen N, Ghosh A, Sharma V, Singh S. Characterization of thiamine pyrophosphokinase of vitamin B1 biosynthetic pathway as a drug target of Leishmania donovani. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:5669-5685. [PMID: 37350670 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2227718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Vitamin B1 is an essential cofactor for enzymes involved in the metabolism of carbohydrates, particularly Transketolases. These enzymes are amenable to therapeutic interventions because of their specificity. In the final step of the Vitamin B1 biosynthesis pathway, Thiamine Pyrophosphokinase (TPK) converts thiamin into its active form, Thiamin Pyrophosphate (TPP), allowing researchers to investigate the functional importance of this enzyme and the pathway's dispensability in Leishmania donovani, a protozoan parasite that causes visceral leishmaniasis. In this study, various in silico, biochemical, biophysical, and cellular assays-based experiments have been conducted to identify and characterize LdTPK, and to provide a sound platform for the discovery of potential LdTPK inhibitors. LdTPK structural modelling ensured high protein quality. Oxythiamine and pyrithiamine were found to bind well with LdTPK with considerable binding energies, and MD simulation-based experiments indicated the stability of the complexation. Additionally, LdTPK1 was found to activate ROS defense in amastigotes, and its inhibition using oxythiamine and pyrithiamine led to the growth inhibition of L. donovani promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes. These findings highlight LdTPK as a promising target for the development of new anti-leishmanial agents. An in-depth analysis of the enzymes involved in TPP biosynthesis in L. donovani has the potential to yield novel therapeutic strategies for Leishmaniasis.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Ranjan Kumar
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith University, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Ravi Jain
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sabir Akhtar
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Nidha Parveen
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Arabinda Ghosh
- Department of Computational Biology and Biotechnology, Mahapurusha Srimanta Sankaradeva Viswavidyalaya, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Veena Sharma
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Banasthali Vidyapith University, Banasthali, Rajasthan, India
| | - Shailja Singh
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kumawat P, Agarwal LK, Sharma K. An Overview of SARS-CoV-2 Potential Targets, Inhibitors, and Computational Insights to Enrich the Promising Treatment Strategies. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:169. [PMID: 38733424 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03671-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
The rapid spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus has emphasized the urgent need for effective therapies to combat COVID-19. Investigating the potential targets, inhibitors, and in silico approaches pertinent to COVID-19 are of utmost need to develop novel therapeutic agents and reprofiling of existing FDA-approved drugs. This article reviews the viral enzymes and their counter receptors involved in the entry of SARS-CoV-2 into host cells, replication of genomic RNA, and controlling the host cell physiology. In addition, the study provides an overview of the computational techniques such as docking simulations, molecular dynamics, QSAR modeling, and homology modeling that have been used to find the FDA-approved drugs and other inhibitors against SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, a comprehensive overview of virus-based and host-based druggable targets from a structural point of view, together with the reported therapeutic compounds against SARS-CoV-2 have also been presented. The current study offers future perspectives for research in the field of network pharmacology investigating the large unexplored molecular libraries. Overall, the present in-depth review aims to expedite the process of identifying and repurposing drugs for researchers involved in the field of COVID-19 drug discovery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Kumawat
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India.
| | - Kuldeep Sharma
- Department of Botany, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur, Rajasthan, 313001, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shoaib M, Ali Y, Shen Y, Ni J. Identification of potential natural products derived from fungus growing termite, inhibiting Pseudomonas aeruginosa quorum sensing protein LasR using molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation approach. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2024; 42:1126-1144. [PMID: 37096792 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2198607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa, the most common opportunistic pathogen, is becoming antibiotic-resistant worldwide. The fate of P. aeruginosa, a multidrug-resistant strain, can be determined by multidrug efflux pumps, enzyme synthesis, outer membrane protein depletion, and target alterations. Microbial niches have long used quorum sensing (QS) to synchronize virulence gene expression. Computational methods can aid in the development of novel P. aeruginosa drug-resistant treatments. The tripartite symbiosis in termites that grow fungus may help special microbes find new antimicrobial drugs. To find anti-quorum sensing natural products that could be used as alternative therapies, a library of 376 fungal-growing termite-associated natural products (NPs) was screened for their physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetics, and drug-likeness. Using GOLD, the top 74 NPs were docked to the QS transcriptional regulator LasR protein. The five lead NPs with the highest gold score and drug-like properties were chosen for a 200-ns molecular dynamics simulation to test the competitive activity of different compounds against negative catechin. Fridamycin and Daidzein had stable conformations, with mean RMSDs of 2.48 and 3.67 Å, respectively, which were similar to Catechin's 3.22 Å. Fridamycin and Daidzein had absolute binding energies of -71.186 and -52.013 kcal/mol, respectively, which were higher than the control's -42.75 kcal/mol. All the compounds within the active site of the LasR protein were kept intact by Trp54, Arg55, Asp67, and Ser123. These findings indicate that termite gut and fungus-associated NPs, specifically Fridamycin and Daidzein, are potent QS antagonists that can be used to treat P. aeruginosa's multidrug resistance.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shoaib
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
- Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad Campus, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Ali
- National Center for Bioinformatics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Yulong Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Microbial Technology Institute, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, P. R. China
| | - Jinfeng Ni
- Institute of Health Sciences, Islamabad Campus, Khyber Medical University, Peshawar, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bai J, Xie Y, Li M, Huang X, Guo Y, Sun J, Tang Y, Liu X, Wei C, Li J, Yang Y. Ultrasound-assisted extraction of emodin from Rheum officinale Baill and its antibacterial mechanism against Streptococcus suis based on CcpA. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2024; 102:106733. [PMID: 38150957 PMCID: PMC10765492 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Emodin was extracted from Rheum officinale Baill by ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE), and ethanol was chosen as the suitable solvent through SEM and molecular dynamic simulation. Under the optimum conditions (power 541 W, time 23 min, liquid to material ratio 13:1 mL/g, ethanol concentration 83 %) predicted by RSM, the yield of emodin was 2.18 ± 0.11 mg/g. Moreover, ultrasound power and time displayed the significant effects on the extraction process. Extracting dynamics analysis indicated that the extraction process of emodin by UAE conformed to Fick's second diffusion law. The results of antibacterial experiments suggested that emodin can damage cell membrane and inhibit the expression of cps2A, sao, mrp, epf, neu and the hemolytic activity of S. suis. Biolayer interferometry and FT-IR multi-peak fitting assays demonstrated that emodin induced a secondary conformational shift in CcpA. Molecular docking and molecular dynamics confirmed that emodin bound to CcpA through hydrogen bonding (ALA248, GLU249, GLY129 and ASN196) and π-π T-shaped interaction (TYR225 and TYR130), and the mutation of amino acid residues affected the affinity of CcpA to emodin. Therefore, emodin inhibited the sugar utilization of S. suis through binding to CcpA, and CcpA may be a potential target to inhibit the growth of S. suis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingwen Bai
- College of Art and Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Xie
- College of Art and Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Miao Li
- College of Art and Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianjun Huang
- College of Art and Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yujia Guo
- College of Art and Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Sun
- College of Art and Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Tang
- College of Art and Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuantong Liu
- College of Art and Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Chi Wei
- College of Art and Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianqiang Li
- College of Art and Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Yang
- College of Art and Science, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Edache EI, Uzairu A, Mamza PA, Shallangwa GA, Yagin FH, Abdel Samee N, Mahmoud NF. Combining docking, molecular dynamics simulations, AD-MET pharmacokinetics properties, and MMGBSA calculations to create specialized protocols for running effective virtual screening campaigns on the autoimmune disorder and SARS-CoV-2 main protease. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1254230. [PMID: 37771457 PMCID: PMC10523577 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1254230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of novel medicines to treat autoimmune diseases and SARS-CoV-2 main protease (Mpro), a virus that can cause both acute and chronic illnesses, is an ongoing necessity for the global community. The primary objective of this research is to use CoMFA methods to evaluate the quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) of a select group of chemicals concerning autoimmune illnesses. By performing a molecular docking analysis, we may verify previously observed tendencies and gain insight into how receptors and ligands interact. The results of the 3D QSAR models are quite satisfactory and give significant statistical results: Q_loo∧2 = 0.5548, Q_lto∧2 = 0.5278, R∧2 = 0.9990, F-test = 3,101.141, SDEC = 0.017 for the CoMFA FFDSEL, and Q_loo∧2 = 0.7033, Q_lto∧2 = 0.6827, Q_lmo∧2 = 0.6305, R∧2 = 0.9984, F-test = 1994.0374, SDEC = 0.0216 for CoMFA UVEPLS. The success of these two models in exceeding the external validation criteria used and adhering to the Tropsha and Glorbaikh criteria's upper and lower bounds can be noted. We report the docking simulation of the compounds as an inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 Mpro and an autoimmune disorder in this context. For a few chosen autoimmune disorder receptors (protein tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor type 22 (lymphoid) isoform 1 (PTPN22), type 1 diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and SARS-CoV-2 Mpro, the optimal binding characteristics of the compounds were described. According to their potential for effectiveness, the studied compounds were ranked, and those that demonstrated higher molecular docking scores than the reference drugs were suggested as potential new drug candidates for the treatment of autoimmune disease and SARS-CoV-2 Mpro. Additionally, the results of analyses of drug similarity, ADME (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, and Excretion), and toxicity were used to screen the best-docked compounds in which compound 4 scaled through. Finally, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation was used to verify compound 4's stability in the complex with the chosen autoimmune diseases and SARS-CoV-2 Mpro protein. This compound showed a steady trajectory and molecular characteristics with a predictable pattern of interactions. These findings suggest that compound 4 may hold potential as a therapy for autoimmune diseases and SARS-CoV-2 Mpro.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Adamu Uzairu
- Department of Chemistry, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
| | | | | | - Fatma Hilal Yagin
- Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Faculty of Medicine, Inonu University, Malatya, Türkiye
| | - Nagwan Abdel Samee
- Department of Information Technology, College of Computer and Information Sciences, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha F. Mahmoud
- Rehabilitation Sciences Department, Health and Rehabilitation Sciences College, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|