Prescribing psychotropic drugs for the elderly

Junior doctors and emergency tranquillisation of elderly, confused patients: a survey

This paper presents the results of a survey of Junior doctors' opinions concerning the emergency tranquillisation of acutely disturbed, confused elderly patients. Although the majority of respondents gave recommendations within current guidelines, there were large variations In drug dose, and the choice of psychotropic agent may have been determined more by availability than rational prescribing practice.

The effects of guided imagery on affect, cognition, and pain in older adults in residential care: a randomized controlled study from Thailand

Few studies have examined the effects of guided imagery on older adults in residential care. This study aimed to evaluate the outcome of group-delivered guided imagery over a 16-day period with a sample of Thai older adults in residential care (N = 31). Residents were randomly allocated to the guided imagery treatment group or usual care control group. No significant differences were found between the two groups regarding affective states, cognitive functioning, or pain. The results are discussed in relation to a ceiling effect and other methodological factors that may have contributed to the lack of positive outcomes. As the evidence base remains inconclusive, it is hoped that future studies will seek to establish the effects of using guided imagery with older adults in residential care.

Acute disturbed or violent behaviour: principles of treatment

Acute disturbed or violent behaviour has a number of organic, iatrogenic and psychological precipitants and is commonly encountered. Various models have been used to define such behaviour and to suggest non-pharmacological treatments. However, drugs are frequently used and a wide variety of regimens are employed. Robust research into the use of drugs in acute, disturbed behaviour is scant. Nevertheless a treatment protocol is presented based on primary research, review articles and clinical experience.