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Tiffin PA, Morley E, Paton LW, Chakraborty N, Patterson F. The validity of the selection methods for recruitment to UK core psychiatry training: cohort study. BJPsych Bull 2024:1-10. [PMID: 38531805 DOI: 10.1192/bjb.2024.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS AND METHOD Selection into core psychiatry training in the UK uses a computer-delivered Multi-Specialty Recruitment Assessment (MSRA; a situational judgement and clinical problem-solving test) and, previously, a face-to-face Selection Centre. The Selection Centre assessments were suspended during the COVID-19 pandemic. We aimed to evaluate the validity of this selection process using data on 3510 psychiatry applicants. We modelled the ability of the selection scores to predict subsequent performance in the Clinical Assessment of Skills and Competencies (CASC). Sensitivity to demographic characteristics was also estimated. RESULTS All selection assessment scores demonstrated positive, statistically significant, independent relationships with CASC performance and were sensitive to demographic factors. IMPLICATIONS All selection components showed independent predictive validity. Re-instituting the Selection Centre assessments could be considered, although the costs, potential advantages and disadvantages should be weighed carefully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Tiffin
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
| | | | - Lewis W Paton
- Hull York Medical School, University of York, York, UK
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2
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Siemerkus J, Petrescu AS, Köchli L, Stephan KE, Schmidt H. Using standardized patients for undergraduate clinical skills training in an introductory course to psychiatry. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2023; 23:159. [PMID: 36922802 PMCID: PMC10016160 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-023-04107-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The goal of this study was to assess the value and acceptance of Standardized or Simulated Patients (SPs) for training clinically inexperienced undergraduate medical students in psychiatric history taking, psychopathological assessment, and communication with psychiatric patients. METHODS As part of a newly developed introductory course to psychiatry, pairs of 3rd year medical students conducted psychiatric assessments of SPs, including history and psychopathological state, under the supervision of a clinical lecturer. Prior to the assessment, students attended introductory lectures to communication in psychiatry and psychopathology but were clinically inexperienced. After the interview, the students' summary of their findings was discussed with other students and the lecturer. Students, lecturers, and actors were invited to a survey after the course. Questions for the students included self-reports about perceived learning success and authenticity of the interviews. RESULTS 41 students, 6 actors and 8 lecturers completed the survey (response rates of 48%, 50%, and 100%, respectively). The survey results indicated that, despite their lack of clinical experience, students learned how to conduct a psychiatric interview, communicate in a non-judgmental and empathetic manner, take a psychiatric history and perform a psychopathological examination. SPs were perceived as authentic. The survey results suggested that this setting allowed for an enjoyable, non-distressful and motivating learning experience within a restricted time frame of just two afternoons. CONCLUSION The results indicated that the SP approach presented is useful for teaching clinical skills in psychiatry to students with limited previous clinical experience and knowledge of psychiatry. We argue that SPs can be used to teach practical psychiatric skills already during an early phase of the curriculum. Limitations of our study include a limited sample size, a temporal gap between the course and the survey, reliance on self-reports, and lack of comparison to alternative interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Siemerkus
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Ana-Stela Petrescu
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura Köchli
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Klaas Enno Stephan
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Max Planck Institute for Metabolism Research, Cologne, Germany
| | - Helen Schmidt
- Translational Neuromodeling Unit (TNU), Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
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3
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Darmawan W, Harding C, Coleman M, Samuels A. Rural workforce challenges: Why not rural psychiatry? Australas Psychiatry 2023; 31:8-12. [PMID: 36356575 DOI: 10.1177/10398562221139128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Australian psychiatry workforce is under-subscribed and highly urbanised. Currently, 90% of psychiatrists work in the cities, and there are significant projected workforce shortages of psychiatrists throughout Australia, particularly in rural and remote locations. This qualitative study explores factors influencing medical students and junior doctors' decisions to pursue a career in rural psychiatry. METHOD Using a phenomenological approach, data were collected through semi-structured interviews and focus groups and subjected to thematic analysis. RESULTS Sixteen participants were interviewed, 11 interviewees and five participants from two focus groups. This study identified enablers and challenges in pursuing rural psychiatry training in Australia. Clinical exposure to rural psychiatry, personal factors, rural lifestyle and workforce shortage awareness were identified as enablers. The lack of rural infrastructure, the attractiveness of urban psychiatry and the stigma toward rural psychiatry were identified as barriers. CONCLUSIONS Australian rural psychiatry workforce remains a complex issue. Reinforcing enablers and addressing barriers identified in this study would benefit future rural workforce initiatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Darmawan
- 523002Notre Dame University School of Medicine Sydney, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Catherine Harding
- 523002Notre Dame University School of Medicine Sydney, Wagga Wagga, NSW, Australia
| | - Mathew Coleman
- 94265WA Country Health Service, Albany, WA, Australia; The Rural Clinical School of WA, 2720University of Western Australia, Crawley, WA, Australia; and Telethon Institute for Kids, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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4
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Mohebbi M, Nafissi N, Ghotbani F, Khojasteh Zonoozi A, Mohaddes Ardabili H. Attitudes of medical students toward psychiatry in Eastern Mediterranean Region: A systematic review. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:1027377. [PMID: 36776616 PMCID: PMC9909281 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.1027377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychiatry is facing one of the highest levels of shortages among medical specialties. Stigma toward psychiatry plays an influential role in medical students' decision to choose psychiatry as a career and has been reported to be prevalent in different parts of the world, particularly in low/middle-income countries. OBJECTIVE To systematically review the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) medical students' attitudes toward psychiatry, to assess whether their attitudes are stigmatized or not, and the factors affecting their attitudes. METHOD PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and PsychInfo (PsycARTICLES) were searched using a combination of main terms "stigma," "psychiatry," "medical students," and the name of Eastern Mediterranean countries. Cross-sectional studies assessing the attitudes of EMR medical students toward psychiatry were included in this review. RESULTS Ten studies were eligible to be included in the result synthesis. These were from Pakistan (n = 3), Iran (n = 2), Saudi Arabia (n = 1), Lebanon (n = 1), Egypt (n = 1), Bahrain (n = 1), and Oman (n = 1). Most studies reported a combination of both positive and negative attitudes among medical students; however, the overall attitude was positive. Factors affecting medical students' attitude toward psychiatry included poor psychological well-being, having a friend with a psychiatric illness, involving in a romantic relationship with someone suffering from mental illness, young age, frequency of exposure to psychiatry clerkship/teaching, and quality of psychiatry clerkship. Nevertheless, the final positive or negative outcome of these factors on students' attitudes remained controversial. CONCLUSION Considering the lack of sufficient data from most EMR countries, we need to exercise caution in interpreting the results of this review. Nevertheless, our review indicates that psychiatry is not stigmatized among EMR medical students, and they have generally positive attitudes toward it. The findings of studies evaluating influencing factors are contradictory and demand further exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mohebbi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Nastaran Nafissi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Ghotbani
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Arash Khojasteh Zonoozi
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Hossein Mohaddes Ardabili
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Ibn-e-Sina Hospital, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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5
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Baminiwatta A, Chandradasa M, Dias S, Ediriweera D. Revisiting the ATP 30: the Factor Structure of a Scale Measuring Medical Students' Attitudes Towards Psychiatry. ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY : THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF DIRECTORS OF PSYCHIATRIC RESIDENCY TRAINING AND THE ASSOCIATION FOR ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY 2021; 45:716-724. [PMID: 33837515 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-021-01446-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Among the scales developed for assessing medical students' attitudes regarding psychiatry, "attitude towards psychiatry-30" (ATP-30) is probably the most widely used. Although this scale was originally deemed to form a unitary dimension without any meaningful subscales, the authors sought to re-examine its factor structure and the viability of subscales. METHOD Secondary data from a survey of 743 final-year medical students from nine medical schools in Sri Lanka were analyzed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) with promax rotation and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), to assess the underlying factor structure of ATP-30. Parallel analysis was used in determining the number of factors to retain. Items conceptually external to the emerging factors were discarded. RESULTS Three models based on literature (one-, five-, and eight-factor) were disproved by CFA. A six-factor solution encompassing 18 items was supported by EFA and CFA and was gender-invariant. These factors were, namely, the image of psychiatrists, psychiatric patients and mental illness, the efficacy of treatment, psychiatric teaching, career choice, and psychiatry as an evidence-based discipline. While "the image of psychiatrists" formed the most consistent subscale (ω = 0.71), the internal consistencies of the other subscales were modest (ω = 0.55-0.67). The overall 18-item scale showed good internal consistency (ω = 0.78). CONCLUSION The findings provide evidence of a multi-dimensional structure in medical students' attitudes towards psychiatry, endorsing six meaningful subscales of the ATP-30. Future researchers and educators can utilize these subscales in identifying specific areas where students' attitudes are more stigmatized, to be intervened during undergraduate training.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Shavindra Dias
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka
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6
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Anderson M, O'Neill C, Macleod Clark J, Street A, Woods M, Johnston-Webber C, Charlesworth A, Whyte M, Foster M, Majeed A, Pitchforth E, Mossialos E, Asaria M, McGuire A. Securing a sustainable and fit-for-purpose UK health and care workforce. Lancet 2021; 397:1992-2011. [PMID: 33965066 PMCID: PMC9634455 DOI: 10.1016/s0140-6736(21)00231-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Approximately 13% of the total UK workforce is employed in the health and care sector. Despite substantial workforce planning efforts, the effectiveness of this planning has been criticised. Education, training, and workforce plans have typically considered each health-care profession in isolation and have not adequately responded to changing health and care needs. The results are persistent vacancies, poor morale, and low retention. Areas of particular concern highlighted in this Health Policy paper include primary care, mental health, nursing, clinical and non-clinical support, and social care. Responses to workforce shortfalls have included a high reliance on foreign and temporary staff, small-scale changes in skill mix, and enhanced recruitment drives. Impending challenges for the UK health and care workforce include growing multimorbidity, an increasing shortfall in the supply of unpaid carers, and the relative decline of the attractiveness of the National Health Service (NHS) as an employer internationally. We argue that to secure a sustainable and fit-for-purpose health and care workforce, integrated workforce approaches need to be developed alongside reforms to education and training that reflect changes in roles and skill mix, as well as the trend towards multidisciplinary working. Enhancing career development opportunities, promoting staff wellbeing, and tackling discrimination in the NHS are all needed to improve recruitment, retention, and morale of staff. An urgent priority is to offer sufficient aftercare and support to staff who have been exposed to high-risk situations and traumatic experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. In response to growing calls to recognise and reward health and care staff, growth in pay must at least keep pace with projected rises in average earnings, which in turn will require linking future NHS funding allocations to rises in pay. Through illustrative projections, we show that, to sustain annual growth in the workforce at approximately 2·4%, increases in NHS expenditure of 4% annually in real terms will be required. Above all, a radical long-term strategic vision is needed to ensure that the future NHS workforce is fit for purpose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Anderson
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK.
| | - Ciaran O'Neill
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queens University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | - Andrew Street
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Michael Woods
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | | | - Anita Charlesworth
- The Health Foundation, London, UK; College of Social Sciences, Health Services Management Centre, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Moira Whyte
- College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | | | - Azeem Majeed
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Emma Pitchforth
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK; College of Medicine and Health, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Elias Mossialos
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Miqdad Asaria
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | - Alistair McGuire
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
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7
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Babicki M, Kowalski K, Bogudzińska B, Piotrowski P. The Assessment of Attitudes of Students at Medical Schools towards Psychiatry and Psychiatric Patients-A Cross-Sectional Online Survey. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18094425. [PMID: 33919458 PMCID: PMC8122415 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18094425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was the assessment of the level of stigmatisation of psychiatric patients and psychiatry as a field of study by students at medical schools in Poland and the comparison of students’ attitudes over the years. The study was conducted based on a proprietary questionnaire assessing the stage of tertiary education, sociodemographic status, and MICA-2 psychometric tool that is used for assessing both the attitudes of students at medical schools towards psychiatry as a field of study and patients with mental health disorders. According to the MICA score, those who have higher scores have more negative attitudes towards psychiatry. The survey consisted of two rounds at an interval of 3 years. Results. The first-round survey, conducted in 2017, involved 480 students. The second-round survey, conducted in 2020, involved 573 students. In both cases, women constituted the vast majority of respondents. Women, as well as medical major students, achieved significantly lower scores than men p < 0.001. The said relationship was also observed for individual experience with mental illness. There was no correlation between the MICA-2 total score and the psychiatry course completion—p = 0.105. However, the levels of stigmatisation are still high. The implementation of educational methods to improve the perception of psychiatric patients by students at medical schools should be taken into consideration. An increase in direct student–patient contact, for example, by means of intensive elective classes, could be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Babicki
- Department of Family Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-141 Wroclaw, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-71-325-5126
| | - Krzysztof Kowalski
- Students’ Scientific Group at the Faculty of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (B.B.)
| | - Bogna Bogudzińska
- Students’ Scientific Group at the Faculty of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland; (K.K.); (B.B.)
| | - Patryk Piotrowski
- Section of Epidemiology and Social Psychiatry, Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
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8
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Babicki M, Małecka M, Kowalski K, Bogudzińska B, Piotrowski P. Stigma Levels Toward Psychiatric Patients Among Medical Students-A Worldwide Online Survey Across 65 Countries. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:798909. [PMID: 34966314 PMCID: PMC8710677 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.798909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: According to epidemiological data, over 450 million people worldwide suffer from mental disorders, presenting one of the major challenges of modern medicine. In their everyday lives, patients, in addition to fighting the disease itself, often struggle with stigmatization. This phenomenon negatively affects both the diagnostic and therapeutic processes, as well as the patients' everyday functioning. This study aimed to assess stigma attitudes toward psychiatry and psychiatric patients among undergraduate medical students. Methods: This study used a Computer-Assisted Web Interview (CAWI), which included the standardized items from the Mental Illness: Clinicians' Attitudes (MICA-2) scale to evaluate stigma. The study was disseminated via the internet to students from medical universities from 65 countries worldwide. Participation was voluntary and anonymous. The study involved 1,216 students from these 65 countries. Most of the sample were women, and most were medical faculty students and students living in cities with more than 500,000 residents. Taking into consideration Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita and Human Development Index (HDI) variables, it can be seen that there was a prevalence of medical students from highly developed countries. Results: For the whole sample, the mean MICA-2 score was 40.5 points. Women and medical and nursing students showed more positive attitudes toward psychiatric patients. Students from countries with the highest economic development levels also achieved statistically lower MICA-2 scores. Lower score means a more positive attitude. Conclusion: Stigma toward both psychiatry and psychiatric patients is common among undergraduate medical students. Female students and respondents with a history of mental disorders in countries with high HDI and GDP per capita indices show more favorable attitudes than other medical students. There is a need to further our understanding of the problem of stigmatization, both among the general population and among medical personnel, and to implement and maintain appropriate measures to reduce stigma toward psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Babicki
- Department of Family Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Monika Małecka
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Kowalski
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Bogna Bogudzińska
- Students' Scientific Group at the Faculty of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Patryk Piotrowski
- Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.,Section of Epidemiology and Social Psychiatry, Department and Clinic of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.,Division of Consultation Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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9
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Borg N, Testa L, Sammut F, Cassar D. Attitudes of Medical Students in Malta Toward Psychiatry and Mental Illness. ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY : THE JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF DIRECTORS OF PSYCHIATRIC RESIDENCY TRAINING AND THE ASSOCIATION FOR ACADEMIC PSYCHIATRY 2020; 44:709-713. [PMID: 32930992 DOI: 10.1007/s40596-020-01304-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study aimed to explore the attitudes of medical students in Malta toward psychiatry and mental illness. It looked at the effect of sex, clinical exposure, and experience with mental illness on students' attitudes. METHODS A questionnaire containing the ATP 30 and MICA-2 scales was distributed to all medical students in Malta in a cross-sectional study. Factor analysis was followed by reliability testing using Cronbach Alpha. Factor scores were achieved using the regression method. The independent sample t test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used to check for relationships between factor scores and variable of interest. Following this, the means and medians of factor scores for each group were calculated and compared. RESULTS Three hundred ninety-six students (51%) answered the questionnaire. Males had more positive attitudes toward psychiatry as a career choice (p = 0.01) and more positive attitudes toward the importance of psychiatry (p = 0.00). Those with clinical exposure to psychiatry had more negative attitudes toward the efficacy of psychiatry and psychiatrists (p = 0.00). Having experience with mental illness in some form was associated with decreased appeal in psychiatry as a career (p = 0.01 for personal experience, p = 0.01 for relatives, p = 0.00 for friends). CONCLUSIONS The factor structures obtained using ATP 30 and MICA-2 scales in this study are different from those found in the original literature. Having undergone psychiatry rotations had no significant impact on the attitudes toward psychiatry as a career choice but led to more negative attitudes toward the efficacy of psychiatry and psychiatrists.
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Pandian H, Mohamedali Z, Chapman GE, Vinchenzo P, Ahmed S, Mulliez Z, Bruce H, Burn W, Korszun A, Tracy DK. Psych Socs: student-led psychiatry societies, an untapped resource for recruitment and reducing stigma. BJPsych Bull 2020; 44:91-95. [PMID: 31950893 PMCID: PMC8058822 DOI: 10.1192/bjb.2019.88] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical recruitment and retention are national problems. Psychiatry has been more affected than many specialties, as a result of stigma from the public and other healthcare professionals. The Royal College of Psychiatrists has undertaken several initiatives to redress this, notably the 'Choose Psychiatry' campaign. In this editorial we argue that student-led university psychiatry societies are a wonderful but frequently untapped resource to help attract the brightest and best medical students to our profession. We describe the activities of three 'Psych Socs' across the UK and propose next steps to continue this work.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - George E Chapman
- College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK.,Hampshire Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Hampshire, UK
| | | | - Suhana Ahmed
- South West London & St Georges NHS Foundation Trust, UK
| | | | - Helen Bruce
- Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, University College London, UK
| | | | - Ania Korszun
- Centre for Psychiatry, Wolfson Institute of Preventative Medicine, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Derek K Tracy
- Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust, UK.,Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
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11
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Klimas J, Kelly D, Adam A, Arya S, Ruiz BII, Krupchanka D, Hamilton MA, Dennehy T, Wood E, Cullen W. What Are the Self-Assessed Training Needs of Early Career Professionals in Addiction Medicine? A BEME Focused Review. MEDEDPUBLISH 2020; 9:62. [PMID: 38058949 PMCID: PMC10697484 DOI: 10.15694/mep.2020.000062.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. Background: Substance use disorders represent a significant social and economic burden globally. Accurate diagnosis and treatment by early career professionals in addiction medicine (ECPAM) falls short, in part, due to a lack of training programmes targeting this career stage. Prior research has highlighted the need to assess the specific training needs of ECPAM. Therefore, this focused review assessed self-reported training needs of ECPAM. Methods: Medical and medical education databases (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, ERIC, PSYCHInfo, BEI, and AEI) were searched to June 2018 for studies reporting self-reported training needs of ECPAM (trained at most five years before assessment occurred). Retrieved citations were screened for eligibility; two independent researchers reviewed included studies, assessed quality and extracted data. Experts reviewed study findings. Results: Of 1364 identified records, three cross-sectional studies were included, originating from China, USA and England. All studies surveyed ECPAM using self-reported questionnaires, with one study including face-to-face interviews. Participants included residents, physicians and social workers. All studies had a low risk of bias, and reported a wide range of training needs including rehabilitation, relapse prevention, buprenorphine treatment and risk assessment. Conclusions: There is little evidence for and substantial heterogeneity of training needs of ECPAM found in this review, particularly at the level of skills and knowledge. Study quality varies greatly. ECPAM training needs assessments are a priority.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ahmed Adam
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Evan Wood
- British Columbia Centre on Substance Use
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12
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Gardner JS, Plaven BE, Yellowlees P, Shore JH. Remote Telepsychiatry Workforce: a Solution to Psychiatry's Workforce Issues. Curr Psychiatry Rep 2020; 22:8. [PMID: 31989417 DOI: 10.1007/s11920-020-1128-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how a remote workforce may increase access to care while reducing physician burnout. We review workforce issues and organizational and individual obstacles for implementing a telepsychiatry workforce including administrative, logistical, and clinical considerations and offer resources for how to overcome barriers that may arise in implementing a remote workforce. RECENT FINDINGS There is an increasingly unmet demand for mental health services and a shortage in psychiatrists. Burnout may be a key factor contributing to psychiatrists working less, pursuing less acute cases, and leading to worsened outcomes for patients and the psychiatrists themselves. Telepsychiatry provides comparable patient and provider satisfaction and equal outcomes when compared with face-to-face encounters. We provided 3 case examples to demonstrate psychiatrists demonstrating successful delivery of care in a range of clinic settings and workplace configurations while optimizing their quality of life and reducing their risk of burnout.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brittany E Plaven
- Walden University, Minneapolis, USA.,Department of Health Professions, Metropolitan State University of Denver, Denver, USA
| | | | - Jay H Shore
- AccessCare, 11100 E. Bethany Dr., Aurora, CO, 80014, USA.,Department of Psychiatry and Family Medicine, School of Medicine, Centers for American Indian and Alaska Native Health, Colorado School of Public Health, Helen and Arthur E. Johnson Depression Center, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, USA
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13
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Abstract
SUMMARYCaring for people in distress or illness is emotionally draining and physically demanding. This article focuses on the experiences and needs of health service staff as professional carers. It overviews the current circumstances in the UK and links readers to the findings of: the Stevenson/Farmer Review of 2017; the report of the General Medical Council on the state of medical education and practice of 2018; and the British Medical Association survey of doctors and medical students published in 2019. We review the sources of stress that affects healthcare practitioners and introduce the concepts of emotional labour, psychological safety and psychosocial resilience. We draw attention to the vital importance of social support and leadership to protecting healthcare staff. We conclude this review of the topic by outlining a stepped model for actions that aim to: develop staff of healthcare services and help them to thrive at work; support staff who are struggling at work; and intervene to care for staff who are distressed or unwell whether they are continuing to work or not.
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Auf AI, Ahmed MH. Attitudes of participants of master degree in family medicine in Gezira University, Sudan towards Psychiatry: A vision to sustain continuous gain. J Family Med Prim Care 2019; 8:2640-2643. [PMID: 31548947 PMCID: PMC6753790 DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_429_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Family medicine physicians are first contact of patients in the community and their role in treating mental health is highly recommended. The aim of the current study is to assess attitudes towards psychiatry among doctors enrolled in master degree in family medicine in Gezira University before and after training in psychiatry. Methods: This study was a quantitative cross-sectional study with two stages – pre- and post-psychiatry training. It has included one batch of master students of family medicine at Gezira University, Sudan. The whole master program lasts for 18 months, of which 3 weeks are dedicated to psychiatry training. All students in the batch were invited to participate in both stages – before and after psychiatric training. Result: 31 students participated in the study, 35.5% of them were males (N = 11). Mean age was 39.4 (SD ± 5.34) and mean number of years after graduation was 13.3 (SD ± 4.96). 26 students (83.9%) earned Attitudes Toward Psychiatry (ATP) scores >90, which indicates a positive attitude. The ATP mean score for all participants was 104.26 (SD ± 12.56). The least score was 79 while the maximum was 130. Doctors’ attitudes toward psychiatry became more positive after psychiatric training and this difference was statistically significant (P value = 0.038) and this was found to be statistically significant only among participants below age of 40 years and those who have been graduated less than 15 years ago. Conclusion: Psychiatric training for family physicians in training was associated with significant improvement in attitudes towards psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anas Ibn Auf
- Consultant Psychiatrist, Mental Health Hospital, Taif, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Sudan International University, Khartoum, Sudan
| | - Mohamed H Ahmed
- Department of Medicine and HIV Metabolic Clinic, Milton Keynes University Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, UK
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