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Holm ME, Østergaard LD, Aamund K, Jørgensen K, Midtgaard J, Vinberg M, Nordentoft M. What methods are used in research of firsthand experiences with online self-harming and suicidal behavior? A scoping review. Nord J Psychiatry 2024; 78:165-180. [PMID: 38270399 DOI: 10.1080/08039488.2024.2306504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Online self-harming and suicidal behavior is a novel and rapidly increasing phenomenon warranting comprehensive mapping of used research methods. AIM To identify and map how knowledge on online self-harming and suicidal behavior is gathered, including how data are collected e.g. questionnaires and interviews. METHODS The review follows the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Scoping Reviews in tandem with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews. A keyword search of three electronic databases was conducted on two occasions, yielding 5422 records. Following duplicate removal, the records were screened based on the following inclusion criterions; (1) in English or Nordic language and published between 2011-2022, (2) presenting results for self-harming and/or suicidal behavior on social media and (3) using tools for either interview or questionnaire aiming at assessment of the experience of online self-harming and suicidal behavior from the perspective of the person who engages in the behavior. A total of 64 articles were included. RESULTS 45 used questionnaires, 17 used interviews, and two studies mixed the two approaches. 17% of the studies had made some effort to ensure validity within the questionnaires and 15.8% gave full access to the interview guide. CONCLUSION Research into online self-harming and suicidal behavior is characterized by a lack of validated measurements and methodological transparency. The results emphasize a need for further development, testing, and validation of questionnaires and greater openness and reflexivity in qualitative methodology to enable cross-study comparison and advance knowledge of this complex phenomenon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malene Eiberg Holm
- Mental Health Centre, Northern Zealand, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Kate Aamund
- Mental Health Centre, Northern Zealand, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Jørgensen
- Department of People and Technology, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Julie Midtgaard
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Centre for Applied Research in Mental Health Care (CARMEN) at Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Maj Vinberg
- Mental Health Centre, Northern Zealand, Copenhagen University Hospital - Mental Health Services CPH, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Merete Nordentoft
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Copenhagen Research Center for Mental Health (CORE) at Mental Health Center Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Wang Y, Chen X, Song C, Wu Y, Liu L, Yang L, Hao X. A qualitative internet-based study of parental experiences of adolescents suffering from affective disorders with non-suicidal self-injury during the COVID-19 pandemic. Front Psychiatry 2024; 15:1361144. [PMID: 38596632 PMCID: PMC11002897 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1361144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) behaviors of adolescents with affective disorders can directly deteriorate parents' internal experiences, and negative parental experiences can exacerbate or even worsen NSSI behaviors. This study investigates the impact of NSSI behaviors exhibited by adolescents with affective disorders on the internal experiences of parents. Specifically, our research focuses on the inner experiences of parents when their children engage in NSSI behaviors during social isolation of the COVID-19, offering insights for addressing parental mental health issues related to NSSI and developing positive parental behavioral models to optimize adolescent behavior during major public health events. Methods Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 21 parents of adolescents with affective disorders displaying NSSI behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. The Colaizzi 7-step analysis was employed to refine and categorize emerging themes. Results Our study revealed that parents of adolescents facing NSSI during the COVID-19 pandemic underwent different internal experiences, which could be classified into four themes: negative experience, high caregiving burden, lack of caregiving capacity, and resilience. Conclusion This Internet-based research is the first to explore the internal experiences of parents of adolescents with affective disorders experiencing NSSI during the COVID-19 pandemic. It sheds light on how parents, in response to their children's NSSI behaviors, undergo resilience following negative experiences, explore more open and supportive family model. Despite these positive outcomes, parents express a need for increased knowledge about NSSI illness care and a desire for professional assistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongna Wang
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqiu Chen
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Chun Song
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Neurological Disorder Research, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lihua Liu
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Yang
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuege Hao
- Beijing Hui-Long-Guan Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Qu D, Wen X, Liu B, Zhang X, He Y, Chen D, Duan X, Yu J, Liu D, Zhang X, Ou J, Zhou J, Cui Z, An J, Wang Y, Zhou X, Yuan T, Tang J, Yue W, Chen R. Non-suicidal self-injury in Chinese population: a scoping review of prevalence, method, risk factors and preventive interventions. THE LANCET REGIONAL HEALTH. WESTERN PACIFIC 2023; 37:100794. [PMID: 37693882 PMCID: PMC10485683 DOI: 10.1016/j.lanwpc.2023.100794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Non-suicidal self-injury behavior (NSSI) is a serious public health concern that requires immediate attention. Despite the high prevalence of NSSI among the Chinese population, there is a significant gap in research on the comprehensive picture of this field. Therefore, a scoping review was conducted to investigate the prevalence, methods, risk factors, and preventive intervention programs related to NSSI in China. The review found that the estimated lifetime prevalence of NSSI among Chinese youth population is alarmingly high at 24.7% (N = 1,088,433). Common methods of NSSI include scratching, hitting, and biting. Additionally, the review synthesized 249 risk factors based on the biopsychosocial-ecological framework, highlighting the urgent need for intervention. However, only 12 empirical studies focus on NSSI prevention or intervention programs were included. These findings underscore the necessity for more clinical practices and larger studies to identify effective interventions and ultimately alleviate the burden of NSSI on the Chinese population. Funding This review was supported by Humanity and Social Science Youth foundation of Ministry of Education (22YJCZH018), Science and Technology Innovation 2030 (STI2030-Major Projects:2021ZD0200702), National Natural Science Foundation of China (81825009), and Shuimu Tsinghua Scholar. No funding agencies were involved in the data collection, data analysis, and writing of this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diyang Qu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Wen
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Bowen Liu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhao He
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyang Chen
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueer Duan
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaao Yu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Dongyu Liu
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Tsinghua University Yuquan Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Jianjun Ou
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Jiansong Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Zaixu Cui
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Jing An
- Beijing Huilongguan Hospital, Beijing, China
- Peking University Huilongguan Clinical Medical School, Beijing, China
- WHO Collaborating Center for Research and Training in Suicide Prevention, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Brain, Cognition and Education Sciences, Ministry of Education, China; School of Psychology, Center for Studies of Psychological Application, and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Mental Health and Cognitive Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyu Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tifei Yuan
- Brain Health Institute, National Center for Mental Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Tang
- Department of Preventive, School of Public Health, Guangzhou Medical University, China
| | - Weihua Yue
- Chinese Institute for Brain Research, Beijing, 102206, China
- Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, Beijing 100191, China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
- PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Runsen Chen
- Vanke School of Public Health, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- Institute for Healthy China, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
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Susi K, Glover-Ford F, Stewart A, Knowles Bevis R, Hawton K. Research Review: Viewing self-harm images on the internet and social media platforms: systematic review of the impact and associated psychological mechanisms. J Child Psychol Psychiatry 2023. [PMID: 36940718 DOI: 10.1111/jcpp.13754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Viewing self-harm and suicide-related images online can precede these behaviours. We reviewed studies of potential impacts and mechanisms associated with viewing self-harm-related images on the internet and social media. METHOD CINAHL, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, HMIC, MEDLINE, PsycArticles, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Sociological Abstracts and Web of Science Core Collection databases were searched for relevant studies from inception to 22 January 2022. Inclusion criteria were English language, peer-reviewed, empirical studies with data related to impacts of viewing self-harm images or videos on the internet or social media. Quality and risk of bias were assessed using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme tools. A narrative synthesis approach was used. RESULTS Of the 15 identified studies, all found harmful effects of viewing self-harm-related images online. These included escalation of self-harm, reinforcement of engagement behaviours (e.g. commenting and sharing images), encouragement of social comparison (comparing own self-harm with others), development of a self-harm identity, social connection perpetuating or escalating self-harm, and emotional, cognitive, and physiological impacts triggering self-harm urges and acts. Nine studies found protective effects, including self-harm mitigation or reduction, promotion of self-harm recovery, encouraging social connection and help-giving, and emotional, cognitive and physiological impacts mitigating or reducing self-harm urges and acts. Causality of impact was not determined in any study. Most of the studies did not explicitly evaluate or discuss potential mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS Viewing self-harm images online may have both harmful and protective effects, but harmful effects predominated in the studies. Clinically, it is important to assess individual's access to images relating to self-harm and suicide, and the associated impacts, alongside pre-existing vulnerabilities and contextual factors. Higher quality longitudinal research with less reliance on retrospective self-report is needed, as well as studies that test potential mechanisms. We have developed a conceptual model of the impact of viewing self-harm images online to inform future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Susi
- Oxford Institute of Clinical Psychology Training and Research, Isis Education Centre, Warneford Hospital, Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, Leicestershire Partnership NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
- Step 4 Psychological Therapies, Nottinghamshire Healthcare NHS Foundation Trust, Nottingham, UK
| | - Francesca Glover-Ford
- Oxford Institute of Clinical Psychology Training and Research, Isis Education Centre, Warneford Hospital, Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Anne Stewart
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Rebecca Knowles Bevis
- Oxford Institute of Clinical Psychology Training and Research, Isis Education Centre, Warneford Hospital, Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust and University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Keith Hawton
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
- Centre for Suicide Research, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Zhao L, Zhou D, Ma L, Hu J, Chen R, He X, Peng X, Jiang Z, Ran L, Xiang J, Zeng Q, Zhou Y, Dai L, Zhang Q, Hong S, Wang W, Kuang L. Changes in emotion-related EEG components and brain lateralization response to negative emotions in adolescents with nonsuicidal self-injury: An ERP study. Behav Brain Res 2023; 445:114324. [PMID: 36736669 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nonsuicidal self-injury (NSSI) is a serious risk behavior in adolescents and is a high risk factor for suicide, while negative emotions can lead to increased NSSI behaviors. In this study, we investigated the altered behavioral performance and neural reactivity of adolescents with NSSI by using a two-choice oddball paradigm when exposed to negative emotional stimuli, and analyzed the brain lateralization effect. Our data indicated that adolescents with NSSI exhibit more pronounced N250, P300, and LPP components during negative emotional face stimulation, as evidenced by a smaller N250 wave amplitude, larger P300 wave amplitude, steeper LPP waveform, and faster fallback baseline; and the presence of brain lateralization responses in both the N250 component and the LPP component. These results suggested that adolescents with NSSI showed significant alterations in cognitive EEG components associated with emotional processing during negative emotional face stimulation, particularly in EEG components representing inhibitory control, and there was a lateralization effect on emotional processing in the brain, with different processing stages and different dominance of the left and right brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dongdong Zhou
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lingli Ma
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jinhui Hu
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ran Chen
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoqing He
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xinyu Peng
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenghao Jiang
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liuyi Ran
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiaojiao Xiang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Zeng
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi Zhou
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Linxi Dai
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Su Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wo Wang
- Mental Health Center, University-Town Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Kuang
- Department of Psychiatry, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
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