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Chen S, Cheng S, Cai J, Liu Z, Li H, Wang P, Li Y, Yang F, Chen K, Qiu M. The current therapeutic cancer vaccines landscape in non-small cell lung cancer. Int J Cancer 2024; 155:1909-1927. [PMID: 39109825 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.35088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/29/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Currently, conventional immunotherapies for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) have low response rates and benefit only a minority of patients, particularly those with advanced disease, so novel therapeutic strategies are urgent deeded. Therapeutic cancer vaccines, a form of active immunotherapy, harness potential to activate the adaptive immune system against tumor cells via antigen cross-presentation. Cancer vaccines can establish enduring immune memory and guard against recurrences. Vaccine-induced tumor cell death prompts antigen epitope spreading, activating functional T cells and thereby sustaining a cancer-immunity cycle. The success of vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has rendered cancer vaccines a promising avenue, especially when combined with immunotherapy or chemoradiotherapy for NSCLC. This review delves into the intricate antitumor immune mechanisms underlying therapeutic cancer vaccines, enumerates the tumor antigen spectrum of NSCLC, discusses different cancer vaccines progress and summarizes relevant clinical trials. Additionally, we analyze the combination strategies, current limitations, and future prospects of cancer vaccines in NSCLC treatment, aiming to offer fresh insights for their clinical application in managing NSCLC. Overall, cancer vaccines offer promising potential for NSCLC treatment, particularly combining with chemoradiotherapy or immunotherapy could further improve survival in advanced patients. Exploring inhaled vaccines or prophylactic vaccines represents a crucial research avenue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyi Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital Thoracic Oncology Institute & Research Unit of Intelligence Diagnosis and Treatment in Early Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Sida Cheng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital Thoracic Oncology Institute & Research Unit of Intelligence Diagnosis and Treatment in Early Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingsheng Cai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital Thoracic Oncology Institute & Research Unit of Intelligence Diagnosis and Treatment in Early Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital Thoracic Oncology Institute & Research Unit of Intelligence Diagnosis and Treatment in Early Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital Thoracic Oncology Institute & Research Unit of Intelligence Diagnosis and Treatment in Early Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peiyu Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital Thoracic Oncology Institute & Research Unit of Intelligence Diagnosis and Treatment in Early Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital Thoracic Oncology Institute & Research Unit of Intelligence Diagnosis and Treatment in Early Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital Thoracic Oncology Institute & Research Unit of Intelligence Diagnosis and Treatment in Early Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Kezhong Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital Thoracic Oncology Institute & Research Unit of Intelligence Diagnosis and Treatment in Early Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Mantang Qiu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
- Thoracic Oncology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital Thoracic Oncology Institute & Research Unit of Intelligence Diagnosis and Treatment in Early Non-small Cell Lung Cancer, Beijing, China
- Institute of Advanced Clinical Medicine, Peking University, Beijing, China
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2
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Gao L, Medford A, Spring L, Bar Y, Hu B, Jimenez R, Isakoff SJ, Bardia A, Peppercorn J. Searching for the "Holy Grail" of breast cancer recurrence risk: a narrative review of the hunt for a better biomarker and the promise of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). Breast Cancer Res Treat 2024; 205:211-226. [PMID: 38355821 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-024-07253-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This paper is a narrative review of a major clinical challenge at the heart of breast cancer care: determining which patients are at risk of recurrence, which require systemic therapy, and which remain at risk in the survivorship phase of care despite initial therapy. METHODS We review the literature on prognostic and predictive biomarkers in breast cancer with a focus on detection of minimal residual disease. RESULTS While we have many tools to estimate and refine risk that are used to individualize local and systemic therapy, we know that we continue to over treat many patients and undertreat others. Many patients also experience what is, at least in hindsight, needless fear of recurrence. In this review, we frame this dilemma for the practicing breast oncologist and discuss the search for what we term the "holy grail" of breast cancer evaluation: the ideal biomarker of residual distant disease. We review the history of attempts to address this problem and the up-to-date science on biomarkers, circulating tumor cells and circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA). CONCLUSION This review suggests that the emerging promise of ctDNA may help resolve a crticical dilemma at the heart of breast cancer care, and improve prognostication, treatment selection, and outcomes for patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucy Gao
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Arielle Medford
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Spring
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yael Bar
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Bonnie Hu
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rachel Jimenez
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Steven J Isakoff
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aditya Bardia
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jeffrey Peppercorn
- Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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3
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Liu S, Li J, Zou Y, Jiang Y, Wu L, Deng Y. Construction of Magnetic Core-Large Mesoporous Satellite Immunosensor for Long-Lasting Chemiluminescence and Highly Sensitive Tumor Marker Determination. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304631. [PMID: 37438544 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Chemiluminescence immunoassay exhibits high sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio, thus attracting great attention in the early diagnosis and dynamic monitoring of diseases. However, the collection of conventional flash-type chemiluminescence signal (<5 s) relies heavily on automatic sampling and reading instrument. Herein, a novel core-satellite multifunctional chemiluminescence immunosensor is designed for the efficient enrichment and highly sensitive determination of cancer biomarker carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) with enhanced and long-lasting output signal that can be conveniently recorded by a simple microplate plate reading instrument. Anti-CEA monoclonal antibody 2 (Ab2) modified Fe3 O4 @SiO2 microspheres (Fe3 O4 @SiO2 -Ab2, 370 nm in diameter) are synthesized as the core for selectively capturing and enriching target CEA in solution, and anti-human CEA monoclonal antibody 1 (Ab1) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) co-immobilized dendritic large-mesoporous silica nanospheres (MSNs-HRP/Ab1, 80 nm in diameter, pore size: 17 nm) are synthesized as the satellite for efficient immunological recognition and signal amplification. The as-designed core-satellite magnetic chemiluminescence immunosensors exhibit a broad linear range of 0.01-20 ng mL-1 and a low detection limit of 3.0 pg mL-1 for the convenient, highly specific, and sensitive determination of CEA in human serum. Such core-satellite chemiluminescence immunosensors are expected to act as a powerful tool for in vitro detection of various biomarkers, overcome the defect of conventional chemiluminescence relying heavily on expensive and bulky automatic instruments and popularize chemiluminescence analysis to primary medical institutions and remote areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shude Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics (Ministry of Education), College of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yidong Zou
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yongjian Jiang
- Department of Pancreatic Surgery, Nephrology & Radiology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200040, China
| | - Limin Wu
- Institute of Energy and Materials Chemistry, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, 010021, China
| | - Yonghui Deng
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Gastroenterology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China
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Butler P, Pascheto I, Lizzi M, St-Onge R, Lanner C, Guo B, Masilamani T, Pritzker LB, Kovala AT, Parissenti AM. RNA disruption is a widespread phenomenon associated with stress-induced cell death in tumour cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1711. [PMID: 36720913 PMCID: PMC9889758 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-28635-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
We have previously shown that neoadjuvant chemotherapy can induce the degradation of tumour ribosomal RNA (rRNA) in patients with advanced breast cancer, a phenomenon we termed "RNA disruption". Extensive tumour RNA disruption during chemotherapy was associated with a post-treatment pathological complete response and improved disease-free survival. The RNA disruption assay (RDA), which quantifies this phenomenon, is now being evaluated for its clinical utility in a large multinational clinical trial. However, it remains unclear if RNA disruption (i) is manifested across many tumour and non-tumour cell types, (ii) can occur in response to cell stress, and (iii) is associated with tumour cell death. In this study, we show that RNA disruption is induced by several mechanistically distinct chemotherapy agents and report that this phenomenon is observed in response to oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, protein translation inhibition and nutrient/growth factor limitation. We further show that RNA disruption is dose- and time-dependent, and occurs in both tumourigenic and non-tumourigenic cell types. Northern blotting experiments suggest that the rRNA fragments generated during RNA disruption stem (at least in part) from the 28S rRNA. Moreover, we demonstrate that RNA disruption is reproducibly associated with three robust biomarkers of cell death: strongly reduced cell numbers, lost cell replicative capacity, and the generation of cells with a subG1 DNA content. Thus, our findings indicate that RNA disruption is a widespread phenomenon exhibited in mammalian cells under stress, and that high RNA disruption is associated with the onset of cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillipe Butler
- Graduate Program in Chemical Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Isabella Pascheto
- Graduate Program in Chemical Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Michayla Lizzi
- Graduate Program in Chemical Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Renée St-Onge
- Rna Diagnostics, Inc., Sudbury, ON, Canada.,Rna Diagnostics, Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Carita Lanner
- Graduate Program in Chemical Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada.,Division of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Baoqing Guo
- Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Twinkle Masilamani
- Rna Diagnostics, Inc., Sudbury, ON, Canada.,Rna Diagnostics, Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laura B Pritzker
- Rna Diagnostics, Inc., Sudbury, ON, Canada.,Rna Diagnostics, Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - A Thomas Kovala
- Graduate Program in Chemical Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada.,Division of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON, Canada
| | - Amadeo M Parissenti
- Graduate Program in Chemical Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, ON, Canada. .,Rna Diagnostics, Inc., Sudbury, ON, Canada. .,Rna Diagnostics, Inc., Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Health Sciences North Research Institute, Sudbury, ON, Canada. .,Division of Medical Sciences, Northern Ontario School of Medicine, Sudbury, ON, Canada.
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5
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Ren Z, Yang J, Liang J, Xu Y, Lu G, Han Y, Zhu J, Tan H, Xu T, Ren M. Monitoring of postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, D-dimer, and CA153 in: Diagnostic value for recurrent and metastatic breast cancer. Front Surg 2023; 9:927491. [PMID: 36684341 PMCID: PMC9853451 DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.927491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective This stydy aims to assess the value of monitoring of postoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), D-dimer, and carbohydrate antigen 153 (CA153) for diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) recurrence and metastasis. Materials/Methods A cohort of 252 BC patients who underwent surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between August 2008 and August 2018 were enrolled in this retrospective study. All patients were examined during outpatient follow-ups every 3 months for 5 years postoperation and every 6 months thereafter. Recurrence or metastasis was recorded for 131 patients but not for the remaining 121. Retrospective analysis of hematological parameters and clinicopathological characteristics allowed comparison between the two groups and evaluation of these parameters for the recurrent and metastatic patients. Results Lymph node metastasis, higher tumor node metastasis (TNM) staging, and higher histological grade correlated with BC recurrence and metastasis (p < 0.05). Statistical differences were found in absolute neutrophil count (ANC), absolute lymphocyte count (ALC), CEA, CA153, D-dimer, NLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), and monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR) between the recurrent and metastatic and control groups (p < 0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that CA153, D-dimer, NLR, and TNM staging were risk factors for BC recurrence and metastasis (p < 0.05). Combined values for the NLR, D-dimer, and CA153 had good diagnostic values, giving the highest area under the curve (AUC) of 0.913. High NLR, D-dimer, and CA153 values were significantly associated with recurrence and metastasis at multiple sites, lymph node metastasis, and higher TNM staging (p < 0.05). Patients with high CA153 were more likely to have bone metastases (p < 0.05), and those with high D-dimer were prone to lung metastasis (p < 0.05). With the increasing length of the postoperative period, the possibility of liver metastases gradually decreased, while that of chest wall recurrence gradually increased (p < 0.05). Conclusion Monitoring postoperative NLR, D-dimer, and CA153 is a convenient, practical method for diagnosing BC recurrence and metastasis. These metrics have good predictive value in terms of sites of recurrence and metastasis and the likelihood of multiple metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyao Ren
- Department of Breast Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Breast Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jiahui Liang
- Department of Breast Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunfeng Xu
- Department of Breast Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guanda Lu
- First Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Yanxun Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui Province, China
| | - Jie Zhu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Husheng Tan
- Department of Breast Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tao Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Correspondence: Min Ren Tao Xu
| | - Min Ren
- Department of Breast Surgery,The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China,Correspondence: Min Ren Tao Xu
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6
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Stefan-van Staden RI, Musat OR, Gheorghe DC, Ilie-Mihai RM, van Staden J(KF. Carbon Nanopowder-Based Stochastic Sensor for Ultrasensitive Assay of CA 15-3, CEA and HER2 in Whole Blood. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3111. [PMID: 36144899 PMCID: PMC9501540 DOI: 10.3390/nano12183111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Two microsensors obtained by the physical immobilization of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-21H,23H-porphine (TPP) and 5,10,15,20-tetrakis (pentafluorophenyl chloride)-21H,23H-iron (III) porphyrin (Fe(TPFPP)Cl) in carbon nanopowder decorated with gold nanoparticles (AuNp) were designed, characterized, validated and used for the molecular recognition and simultaneous ultrasensitive determination of CEA, CA15-3 and HER2 in whole blood. High sensitivities were recorded for both microsensors. Low limits of quantification were recorded for all biomarkers: CEA (12.8 pg mL-1 by using Fe(TPFPP)Cl/AuNp, and 190 fg mL-1 by using TPP/AuNp), CA 15-3 (100 fU mL-1 for both microsensors) and HER2 (3.9 fg mL-1 by using Fe(TPFPP)Cl/AuNp, and 35 fg mL-1 by using TPP/AuNp). A very good correlation between the results obtained using the proposed microsensors and ELISA, certified by the Student t-test, proves that the screening test can be used for ultrasensitive assays of the three biomarkers in whole blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca-Ioana Stefan-van Staden
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, 202 Splaiul Independentei Str., 060021 Bucharest, Romania
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Oana-Raluca Musat
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnologies, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Damaris-Cristina Gheorghe
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, 202 Splaiul Independentei Str., 060021 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ruxandra-Maria Ilie-Mihai
- Laboratory of Electrochemistry and PATLAB, 202 Splaiul Independentei Str., 060021 Bucharest, Romania
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7
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Jayasinghe R, Jayarajah U, Seneviratne S. Circulating Biomarkers in the Management of Breast Cancer. Biomark Med 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/9789815040463122010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Circulating biomarkers have become a promising modality in the
management of many cancers. Similarly, in breast cancer, circulatory biomarkers are
useful, non-invasive methods in the diagnosis, prognostication, and evaluation of
response to treatment. Invasive surgical biopsies can be potentially replaced by “liquid
biopsy,” which involves analysing circulatory biomarkers that may reveal features of
primary and metastatic disease. Therefore, providing an insight into the cancer biology
can be utilised to monitor treatment response, treatment-induced adaptation and tumour
and disease progression through non-invasive means. The objective of this review is to
provide an overview of the current status of the circulating biomarkers highlighting
their promising impact on the management of patients with breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravindri Jayasinghe
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo,Department of Surgery,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo,Sri Lanka
| | - Umesh Jayarajah
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo,Department of Surgery,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo,Sri Lanka
| | - Sanjeewa Seneviratne
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo,Department of Surgery,Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo,Sri Lanka
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8
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Bartkowiak K, Heidrich I, Kwiatkowski M, Banys-Paluchowski M, Andreas A, Wurlitzer M, Geffken M, Voß H, Zeller T, Blankenberg S, Peine S, Joosse SA, Müller V, Schlüter H, Oliveira-Ferrer L, Pantel K. Circulating Cellular Communication Network Factor 1 Protein as a Sensitive Liquid Biopsy Marker for Early Detection of Breast Cancer. Clin Chem 2021; 68:344-353. [PMID: 34458901 DOI: 10.1093/clinchem/hvab153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite recent progress in liquid biopsy technologies, early blood-based detection of breast cancer is still a challenge. METHODS We analyzed secretion of the protein cellular communication network factor 1 (CCN1, formerly cysteine-rich angiogenic inducer 61) in breast cancer cell lines by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Soluble CCN1 in the plasma (2.5 µL) of 544 patients with breast cancer and 427 healthy controls was analyzed by ELISA. The breast cancer samples were acquired at the time of primary diagnosis prior to neoadjuvant therapy or surgery. A classifier was established on a training cohort of patients with breast cancer and age-adapted healthy controls and further validated on an independent cohort comprising breast cancer patients and healthy controls. Samples from patients with benign breast diseases were investigated as additional controls. Samples from patients with acute heart diseases (n = 127) were investigated as noncancer controls. The diagnostic accuracy was determined by receiver operating characteristic using the parameters area under the curve, sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS CCN1 was frequently secreted by breast cancer cell lines into the extracellular space. Subsequent analysis of clinical blood samples from patients with breast cancer and age-adjusted healthy controls revealed an overall specificity of 99.0% and sensitivity of 80.0% for cancer detection. Remarkably, 81.5% of small T1 cancers were already CCN1-positive, while CCN1 concentrations in patients with benign breast lesions were below the threshold for breast cancer detection. CONCLUSIONS Circulating CCN1 is a potentially novel blood biomarker for the detection of breast cancer at the earliest invasive stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Bartkowiak
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Isabel Heidrich
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Kwiatkowski
- Department of Functional Proteo-Metabolomics, Institute of Biochemistry, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maggie Banys-Paluchowski
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Lübeck, Germany.,Department Working Group Gynecological Oncology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Antje Andreas
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcus Wurlitzer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maria Geffken
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hannah Voß
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tanja Zeller
- Department of General and Interventional Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg -Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,German Center of Cardiovascular Disease (DZHK), Partner Site Hamburg, Lübeck, Kiel, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Blankenberg
- Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sven Peine
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Simon A Joosse
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Mildred Scheel Cancer Career Center HaTriCS4, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Volkmar Müller
- Department of Gynecology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schlüter
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | | | - Klaus Pantel
- Department of Tumor Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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9
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Fracol M, Shah N, Dolivo D, Hong S, Giragosian L, Galiano R, Mustoe T, Kim JYS. Can Breast Implants Induce Breast Cancer Immunosurveillance? An Analysis of Antibody Response to Breast Cancer Antigen following Implant Placement. Plast Reconstr Surg 2021; 148:287-298. [PMID: 34398081 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000008165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Women with cosmetic breast implants have significantly lower rates of subsequent breast cancer than the general population (relative risk, 0.63; 95 percent CI, 0.56 to 0.71). The authors hypothesize that breast implant-induced local inflammation stimulates immunosurveillance recognition of breast tumor antigen. METHODS Sera were collected from two cohorts of healthy women: women with long-term breast implants (i.e., breast implants for >6 months) and breast implant-naive women. Antibody responses to breast tumor antigens were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and compared between cohorts by unpaired t test. Of the implant-naive cohort, nine women underwent breast augmentation, and antibody responses before and after implant placement were compared by paired t test. RESULTS Sera were collected from 104 women: 36 (34.6 percent) long-term breast implants and 68 (65.4 percent) implant-naive women. Women with long-term breast implants had higher antibody responses than implant-naive women to mammaglobin-A (optical density at 450 nm, 0.33 versus 0.22; p = 0.003) and mucin-1 (optical density at 450 nm, 0.42 versus 0.34; p = 0.02). There was no difference in antibody responses to breast cancer susceptibility gene 2, carcinoembryonic antigen, human epidermal growth factor receptor-2, or tetanus. Nine women with longitudinal samples preoperatively and 1 month postoperatively demonstrated significantly elevated antibody responses following implant placement to mammaglobin-A (mean difference, 0.13; p = 0.0002) and mucin-1 (mean difference 0.08; p = 0.02). There was no difference in postimplant responses to other breast tumor antigens, or tetanus. CONCLUSIONS Women with long-term breast implants have higher antibody recognition of mammaglobin-A and mucin-1. This study provides the first evidence of implant-related immune responses to breast cancer antigens. CLINICAL QUESTION/LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Therapeutic, V.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan Fracol
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Nikita Shah
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - David Dolivo
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Seok Hong
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Lexa Giragosian
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Robert Galiano
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - Thomas Mustoe
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
| | - John Y S Kim
- From the Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine
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10
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Qiu C, Wang B, Wang P, Wang X, Ma Y, Dai L, Shi J, Wang K, Sun G, Ye H, Zhang J. Identification of novel autoantibody signatures and evaluation of a panel of autoantibodies in breast cancer. Cancer Sci 2021; 112:3388-3400. [PMID: 34115421 PMCID: PMC8353906 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 06/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAb) could be serological tumor markers. This study aims to discover novel TAAb signatures for breast cancer (BC) detection. The protein microarray was used to identify candidate TAAb, which were further validated in 1197 sera from BC, benign breast diseases (BD), and healthy controls (HC) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, 319 preoperative and postoperative sera were evaluated. A panel was determined using four different classifiers. Twelve TAAb were identified with frequencies of 15.8%-59.2%; their levels were significantly decreased in postoperative sera compared to those in preoperative sera (P < .05). A panel with six TAAb was developed and evaluated. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.879 (74.3% sensitivity, 91.9% specificity) and 0.865 (69.7% sensitivity, 91.7% specificity) for distinguishing BC from HC in the training set and test set, respectively. The panel had an AUC of .884 (71.2% sensitivity, 90.5% specificity) for discriminating BC from BD. For identifying BC from all controls (HC+BD), the AUC was .916 (78.9% sensitivity, 90.2% specificity). The AUC of the panel was .920 and .934 for distinguishing stage I-II and age < 50 BC from HC, respectively. These identified TAAb have the potential to provide a non-invasive approach to detect BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuipeng Qiu
- BGI College & Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bofei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- BGI College & Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liping Dai
- BGI College & Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianxiang Shi
- BGI College & Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Keyan Wang
- BGI College & Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Guiying Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hua Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- BGI College & Henan Academy of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Esophageal Cancer Prevention and Treatment and Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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11
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Wu M, Zhang P, Wang P, Fang Z, Zhu Y. Identification of Flap Endonuclease 1 With Diagnostic and Prognostic Value in Breast Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:603114. [PMID: 34277392 PMCID: PMC8278286 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.603114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to identify the potential value of flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) as a diagnostic and prognostic marker for breast cancer (BC). Methods ELISA was used to measure serum FEN1 levels and ECLIA for CA153 and CEA levels. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the diagnostic value. Oncomine and UALCAN databases were used to analyze the differences in FEN1 mRNA and protein expressions. Kaplan-Meier Plotter database was then used to assess the prognostic value. Results Bioinformatics analysis showed that the FEN1 mRNA and protein levels were significantly higher in BC tissues than in normal tissues. FEN1 was detected in culture medium of BC cell lines and serum FEN1 concentrations were significantly increased in BC patients than in cancer-free individuals. Besides, FEN1 exhibited higher diagnostic accuracy (AUC values>0.800) than CA153 and CEA for distinguishing BC patients, especially early BC, from the healthy and benign groups, or individually. Additionally, serum FEN1 levels were significantly associated with the stage (P=0.001) and lymph invasion (P=0.016), and serum FEN1 levels were increased with the development of BC. Furthermore, serum FEN1 levels were significantly decreased in post-operative patients than in pre-operative patients (P=0.016). Based on the Kaplan-Meier Plotter database, the survival analysis indicated that FEN1 overexpression was associated with poor prognoses for overall survival (OS), relapse-free survival (RFS), and distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) in BC patients. Conclusion FEN1 might be a novel diagnostic and prognostic marker for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Pan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Penghui Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Zhen Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Northern Jiangsu People's Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yaqin Zhu
- Institute of Translational Medicine, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Medical College, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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12
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Yoo YC, Park S, Kim HJ, Jung HE, Kim JY, Kim MH. Preoperative Routine Laboratory Markers for Predicting Postoperative Recurrence and Death in Patients with Breast Cancer. J Clin Med 2021; 10:2610. [PMID: 34199276 PMCID: PMC8231951 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10122610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple, convenient, and reliable preoperative prognostic indicators are needed to estimate the future risk of recurrences and guide the treatment decisions associated with breast cancer. We evaluated preoperative hematological markers related to recurrence and mortality and investigated independent risk factors for recurrence and mortality in patients after breast cancer surgery. We reviewed electronic medical records of patients with invasive breast cancer diagnosed at our tertiary institution between November 2005 and December 2010 and followed them until 2015. We compared two groups of patients classified according to recurrence or death and identified risk factors for postoperative outcomes. Data from 1783 patients were analyzed ultimately. Cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 and red cell distribution width (RDW) had the highest area under the curve values among several preoperative hematological markers for disease-free survival and overall survival (0.590 and 0.637, respectively). Patients with both preoperative CA 15-3 levels over 11.4 and RDW over 13.5 had a 1.7-fold higher risk of recurrence (hazard ratio (HR): 1.655; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.154-2.374; p = 0.007) and mortality (HR: 1.723; 95% CI: 1.098-2.704; p = 0.019). In conclusion, relatively high preoperative RDW (>13.5) and CA 15-3 levels (>11.4) had the highest predictive power for mortality and recurrence, respectively. When RDW and CA 15-3 exceeded the cut-off value, the risk of recurrence and death also increased approximately 1.7 times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Chul Yoo
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.-C.Y.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Seho Park
- Devision of Breast Cancer, Department of General Surgery, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea;
| | - Hyun-Joo Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea; (Y.-C.Y.); (H.-J.K.)
| | - Hyun-Eom Jung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Korea; (H.-E.J.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Ji-Young Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Korea; (H.-E.J.); (J.-Y.K.)
| | - Myoung-Hwa Kim
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Anesthesia and Pain Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Gangnam Severance Hospital, 211 Eonju-ro, Gangnam-gu, Seoul 06273, Korea
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13
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Gao T, Cen Q, Lei H. A review on development of MUC1-based cancer vaccine. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 132:110888. [PMID: 33113416 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.110888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucin 1 (MUC1) is a transmembrane mucin glycoprotein expressed on the surface of almost all epithelial cells. Aberrantly glycosylated MUC1 is associated with cellular transformation from a normal to malignant phenotype in human cancers. Therefore, MUC1 is the major target for the design and development of cancer vaccines. MUC1-based cancer vaccines are a promising strategy for preventing cancer progression and metastasis. This review summarizes the most significant milestones achieved to date in the development of different MUC-1-based vaccine approaches in clinical trials. Further, it provides perspectives for future research that may promote clinical advances in infection-associated cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Gao
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Qianhong Cen
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Han Lei
- College of Medicine, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China.
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14
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Tkaczuk KHR, Hawkins D, Yue B, Hicks D, Tait N, Serrero G. Association of Serum Progranulin Levels With Disease Progression, Therapy Response and Survival in Patients With Metastatic Breast Cancer. Clin Breast Cancer 2020; 20:220-227. [PMID: 31928925 PMCID: PMC8284563 DOI: 10.1016/j.clbc.2019.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Progranulin (GP88) is a critical player in breast tumorigenesis. GP88 tumor expression is associated with increased recurrence and mortality, whereas GP88 circulating levels are elevated in patients with breast cancer compared with healthy individuals. We examined here the correlation between serum GP88 levels in patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) with overall survival and disease status determined as response to therapy or progression of disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS An institutional review board (IRB)-approved study prospectively enrolled 101 patients with MBC at the University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center. GP88 serum levels were correlated with patients' disease status determined by Response Evaluation Criteria In Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 criteria and survival outcomes by Kaplan-Meier analysis and log rank statistics. RESULTS Patients' survival was stratified by serum GP88 level. Patients with serum GP88 < 55 ng/mL had a 4-fold increased survival compared with patients with GP88 > 55 ng/mL. Examination of GP88 serum levels in association with disease status showed a statistically significant association between serum GP88 levels and disease progression or response to therapy while CA15-3 level was only associated to progression. CONCLUSION The association of serum GP88 level with survival and disease status suggests the potential of using the serum GP88 test for monitoring disease status in patients with MBC. Measurement of serum GP88 levels in patients with MBC may have clinical value as a cost-effective adjunct to the management of patients with MBC with imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine H R Tkaczuk
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Douglas Hawkins
- Department of Statistics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN
| | | | | | - Nancy Tait
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD
| | - Ginette Serrero
- University of Maryland Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD; A&G Pharmaceutical, Inc, Columbia, MD.
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15
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Fan Z, Geng Z, Fang W, Lv X, Su Y, Wang S, Chen H. Smartphone Biosensor System with Multi-Testing Unit Based on Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Integrated with Microfluidics Chip. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20020446. [PMID: 31941128 PMCID: PMC7014366 DOI: 10.3390/s20020446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Detecting biomarkers is an efficient method to diagnose and monitor patients’ stages. For more accurate diagnoses, continuously detecting and monitoring multiple biomarkers are needed. To achieve point-of-care testing (POCT) of multiple biomarkers, a smartphone biosensor system with the multi-testing-unit (SBSM) based on localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) integrated multi-channel microfluidics was presented. The SBSM could simultaneously record nine sensor units to achieve the detection of multiple biomarkers. Additional 72 sensor units were fabricated for further verification. Well-designed modularized attachments consist of a light source, lenses, a grating, a case, and a smartphone shell. The attachments can be well assembled and attached to a smartphone. The sensitivity of the SBSM was 161.0 nm/RIU, and the limit of detection (LoD) reached 4.2 U/mL for CA125 and 0.87 U/mL for CA15-3 through several clinical serum specimens testing on the SBSM. The testing results indicated that the SBSM was a useful tool for detecting multi-biomarkers. Comparing with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) results, the results from the SBSM were correlated and reliable. Meanwhile, the SBSM was convenient to operate without much professional skill. Therefore, the SBSM could become useful equipment for point-of-care testing due to its small size, multi-testing unit, usability, and customizable design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.F.); (W.F.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (H.C.)
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaoxin Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.F.); (W.F.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (H.C.)
- School of Information Engineering, Minzu University of China, Beijing 100081, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Weihao Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.F.); (W.F.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (H.C.)
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoqing Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.F.); (W.F.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (H.C.)
| | - Yue Su
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.F.); (W.F.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (H.C.)
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shicai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China;
| | - Hongda Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100083, China; (Z.F.); (W.F.); (X.L.); (Y.S.); (H.C.)
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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16
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Pizzichetta M, Bogni A, Seregni E, Maffioli L, de Jager E, Costa A, Bombardieri E. CA 15.3 as a signal of undetectable breast cancer metastases in a follow-up period of 4 years. Int J Biol Markers 2020; 7:59-60. [PMID: 1583349 DOI: 10.1177/172460089200700109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
MESH Headings
- Antigens, Tumor-Associated, Carbohydrate/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/blood
- Biomarkers, Tumor/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/blood
- Breast Neoplasms/immunology
- Breast Neoplasms/secondary
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/blood
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/immunology
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/blood
- Neoplasms, Multiple Primary/immunology
- Time Factors
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17
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Perrier A, Boelle PY, Chrétien Y, Gligorov J, Lotz JP, Brault D, Comperat E, Lefèvre G, Boissan M. An updated evaluation of serum sHER2, CA15.3, and CEA levels as biomarkers for the response of patients with metastatic breast cancer to trastuzumab-based therapies. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227356. [PMID: 31910438 PMCID: PMC6946590 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The transmembrane receptor tyrosine kinase HER2 is overexpressed in approximately 15% of breast tumors and correlates with poor clinical prognosis. Several treatments that target HER2 are approved for treatment of HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. The serum biomarkers most widely used to monitor anti-HER2 therapies in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer currently are CA15.3 and CEA. Nevertheless, their clinical utility in patients with breast cancer remains a subject of discussion and controversy; thus, additional markers may prove useful in monitoring the therapeutic responses of these patients. The extracellular domain of HER2 can be shed by proteolytic cleavage into the circulation and this shed form, sHER2, is reported to be augmented during metastasis of HER2-positive breast tumors. Here, we studied the clinical usefulness of sHER2, CA15.3, and CEA for monitoring treatment for breast cancer. Methods We measured prospectively pretreatment and post-treatment serum levels (day 1, 30, 60 and 90) of these three biomarkers in 47 HER2-positive, metastatic breast cancer patients treated with trastuzumab in combination with paclitaxel. Evaluation of the disease was performed according to the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumor (RECIST) at day 90. Results Patients with progressive disease at day 90 had smaller relative changes between day 1 and day 30 than those with complete, partial or stable responses at day 90: -9% versus -38% for sHER2 (P = 0.02), +23% versus -17% for CA15.3 (P = 0.005) and +29% versus -26% for CEA (P = 0.02). Patients with progressive disease at day 90 were less likely than the other patients to have a relative decrease of > 20% in their biomarker levels at day 30: 6% vs 33% for sHER2 (P = 0.03), 0% vs 27% for CA15.3 (P = 0.03), 4% vs 29% for CEA (P = 0.04). No patient with progressive disease at day 90 had > 20% reduction of the average combined biomarker levels at day 30 whereas 63% of the other patients had (P = 0.003). Moreover, when we analyzed a > 10% reduction of the average biomarker levels no patient with progressive disease at day 90 had a decrease > 10% at day 30 whereas 78% of other patients had (P<0.001, Se = 100%, Sp = 78%). Conclusion We show that regular measurement of sHER2, CA15.3, and CEA levels is useful for predicting the therapeutic response and for monitoring HER2-targeted therapy in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer. The average decrease of the three biomarkers with a threshold of > 10% appears to be the best parameter to distinguish patients who go on to have progressive disease from those who will have a complete, partial or stable response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Perrier
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Hormonologie, Hôpital Tenon, Groupe Hospitalier Est Parisien, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Boelle
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Institut Pierre Louis d’Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (IPLESP), Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Saint-Antoine, Paris, France
| | - Yves Chrétien
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Joseph Gligorov
- Service d’Oncologie Médicale, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie APHP–Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Lotz
- Service d’Oncologie Médicale, Institut Universitaire de Cancérologie APHP–Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
| | - Didier Brault
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Hormonologie, Hôpital Tenon, Groupe Hospitalier Est Parisien, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Eva Comperat
- Department of Pathology, Hôpital Tenon, Groupe Hospitalier Est Parisien, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Guillaume Lefèvre
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Hormonologie, Hôpital Tenon, Groupe Hospitalier Est Parisien, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Mathieu Boissan
- Laboratoire de Biochimie et Hormonologie, Hôpital Tenon, Groupe Hospitalier Est Parisien, Assistance Publique–Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France
- Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine, INSERM, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France
- * E-mail:
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18
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Feng J, Li X, Cheng H, Huang W, Kong H, Li Y, Li L. A boronate-modified molecularly imprinted polymer labeled with a SERS-tag for use in an antibody-free immunoassay for the carcinoembryonic antigen. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:774. [PMID: 31728646 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3972-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
An antibody-free immunoassay that makes use of a boronate affinity molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) and surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) tags is described. It was applied to the specific determination of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) in human serum. For the preparation of the boronate affinity array, a polymer capable of adsorbing glycoproteins was first synthesized on the surface of a glass slide with four spots using 4-vinylbenzeneboronic acid (VPBA) as the functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as the crosslinking agent, and ethylene glycol and cyclohexanol as porogens. The surface of the VPBA-Co-EGDMA can bind target glycoproteins. After specific capture of the glycoprotein, a "MIP-target glycoprotein-SERS tag" sandwich structure was formed by covalent interaction between the SERS nanotag (consisting of gold nanoparticles and 4-mercaptophenylboronic acid [MPBA]). CEA can be quantified in spiked serum with a detection limit of 0.1 ng·mL-1 via the specific Raman band at 1098 cm-1. Graphical abstractSchematic representation of the boronate affinity molecularly imprinted polymer (MIPs) array-based SERS sensor for rapid and sensitive detection of the carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) from human serum. The boronate affinity MIPs array are used as capture probes, and MPBA@AuNPs are used as SERS tags.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Feng
- School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou, 545005, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuan Li
- Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No. 268 Donghuan Road, Chengzhong District, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Cheng
- Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No. 268 Donghuan Road, Chengzhong District, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenyi Huang
- Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No. 268 Donghuan Road, Chengzhong District, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongxing Kong
- Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No. 268 Donghuan Road, Chengzhong District, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanqing Li
- Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No. 268 Donghuan Road, Chengzhong District, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Lijun Li
- Provine and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center of Sugarcane and Sugar Industry, Nanning, 530004, Guangxi, People's Republic of China. .,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Green Processing of Sugar Resources, College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, No. 268 Donghuan Road, Chengzhong District, Liuzhou, 545006, Guangxi, People's Republic of China.
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19
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Karakoyun I, Duman C, Demet Arslan F, Baysoy A, Isbilen Basok B. Vitamin B12 and folic acid associated megaloblastic anemia: Could it mislead the diagnosis of breast cancer? INT J VITAM NUTR RES 2019; 89:255-260. [PMID: 30855221 DOI: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
CA 15-3 is a tumor-associated antigen and is overexpressed in breast tumors, and may also be high in some other non-cancerous conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 or folic acid deficiency on the levels of tumor markers. Five-year patient data were retrospectively analyzed. The associations between megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency and CA 15-3, CA 125, CA 19-9, CEA, and AFP levels were analyzed. Furthermore, association between CA 15-3 level and megaloblastic anemia due to folic acid deficiency was evaluated. Median CA 15-3 level was 38.1 U/mL in the group with megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency(n = 15), 46.7 U/mL in the group with megaloblastic anemia related to folic acid deficiency (n = 3), and 17.8 U/mL in the normal group(n = 1724). CA 15-3 levels were significantly higher among patients with vitamin B12- and folic acid-associated megaloblastic anemia compared to the normal group (p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, respectively). Megaloblastic anemia due to vitamin B12 deficiency was not associated with any significant differences in CA 125, CA 19-9, CEA, or AFP levels compared to the normal group (p = 0.777, p = 0.327, p = 0.577, and p = 0.197, respectively). The numbers of anemic and normal subjects compared in these tests were 12 vs. 1501, 17 vs. 1827, 4 vs. 897, and 8 vs. 1041, respectively. In conclusion, megaloblastic anemia results in ineffective erythropoiesis, and increased levels of CA 15-3 may be associated with this issue. Clinicians should take this into account when evaluating for a pre-diagnosis of breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inanc Karakoyun
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Can Duman
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Fatma Demet Arslan
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Anil Baysoy
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Banu Isbilen Basok
- University of Health Sciences, Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Izmir, Turkey
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20
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Li X, Xu Y, Zhang L. Serum CA153 as biomarker for cancer and noncancer diseases. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2019; 162:265-276. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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21
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SWCNTs@GQDs composites as nanocarriers for enzyme-free dual-signal amplification electrochemical immunoassay of cancer biomarker. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1042:44-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.08.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 07/28/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Abstract
Peripheral blood leukocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) scores and CA15-3, CA125, and CEA levels in plasma were measured in 57 patients with metastatic breast, ovarian, and colorectal cancer, respectively, and in 79 patients with the same types of nonmetastatic cancer. The mean LAP scores of the metastatic cancer patients (261, 272 and 275 for breast, ovary and colon, respectively) were significantly higher than those of the nonmetastatic cancer group (70, 68 and 57, respectively). There was no overlap between the 95% confidence intervals of the two groups (i.e., metastatic versus nonmetastatic), and no patient known to be metastatic had a LAP score within the normal range. The mean levels of other markers in the metastatic patients (CA15-3, 63.4 μ/ml; CA125, 104.8 μ/ml; and CEA, 51.8 ng/ml for metastatic breast, ovarian, and colon cancer, respectively) were also higher than in the nonmetastatic patients (CA15-3, 24 μ/ml; CA125, 25.3 μ/ml; and CEA, 5.8 ng/ml for nonmetastatic breast, ovarian, and colon cancer, respectively). However, the 95% confidence intervals of the nonmetastatic and the metastatic patients overlapped so that there were false-negatives and/or false-positives when the other markers were used. We therefore conclude that the addition of the LAP score to conventional cancer markers could be helpful for the diagnosis of recurrence and follow-up of cancer patients and suggest that our results be confirmed by further studies on a larger series of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Walach
- Department of Oncology, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
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23
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Correale M, Abbate I, Dragone CD, Tedone T, Musci MD, Gargano G, Catino AM, Bafunno AM, Grossi B. Behaviour of Four Serum Tumor Markers in Pregnant Women. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 8:198-9. [PMID: 8277213 DOI: 10.1177/172460089300800311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Caponigro F, Iaffaioli RV, Pagliarulo C, De Placido S, Frasci G, Ungaro B, Matano E, Bianco AR. CA 15-3 in Human Breast Cancer.: Comparison with Tissue Polypeptide Antigen (TPA) and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA). Int J Biol Markers 2018; 5:73-6. [PMID: 2283480 DOI: 10.1177/172460089000500204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
CEA, TPA, CA 15-3 were assayed in 238 patients in follow-up for breast cancer after surgery. CA 15-3 showed the best sensitivity and specificity; the predictive value of a positive CA 15-3 test was three times higher than CEA and TPA. No association was found between marker positivity and the number of organs involved by metastases. CA 15-3 positivity was significantly associated with visceral rather than soft tissue recurrences; no significant similar association was observed for CEA and TPA. CA 15-3 serum levels were early predictors of relapse in four out of nine patients within a 6-12 month follow-up period.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Caponigro
- University of Napoli, Division of Medical Oncology, Medical School II, Italy
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25
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Scaramuzzi M, Amorotti C, De Palma M, Falchi AM, De Maria D, Casolo P. Prognostic Significance of CA 15.3 in Metastatic Breast Cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 5:35-7. [PMID: 2230350 DOI: 10.1177/172460089000500107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We have investigated the possible relation between serum levels of CA 15.3 and disease status in 110 patients after radical mastectomy for breast cancer, with metastatic diffusion. Its persistant elevation was usually related to a very poor prognosis. In patients who died within 18 months the marker was always elevated. In case of progression of the disease, the marker level appeared to be consistently correlated with the general clinical condition. In healthy patients with stable disease the marker remained near the normal range.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Scaramuzzi
- Department of Surgery I, Polyclinic, University of Modena, Italy
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26
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Lorenz M, Baum RP, Oremek G, Inglis R, Reimann-Kirkowa M, Hör G, Seiffert U, Hottenrott C. Tumor Markers, Liver Function Tests and Symptoms in 115 Patients with Isolated Colorectal Liver Metastases. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 4:18-26. [PMID: 2746045 DOI: 10.1177/172460088900400104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Development of the hybridoma technique has made the identification of several new tumor antigens possible. Although it was hoped that they would be more tumor-specific, none of these markers are found exclusively in tumor or in serum of tumor patients. Compared with carcinoembryionic antigen (CEA) and liver function tests, the roles of these markers (CA 19-9, CA 125, CA 15-3) were prospectively evaluated in 115 patients with colorectal liver metastases. Patients were classified according to tumor volume (T1 <25%, T2 25-75%, T3 >75%), and the extension of infiltration (solitary/multiple/diffuse; unilateral, bilateral). Patients with benign liver or biliary disease served as a control group (n=63). Overall sensitivity was 87% for *1 , 50% for *2 and 38% for *3 , with a significant correlation with tumor size. CEA serum levels were elevated in 88% of all patients. CA 19-9 was less sensitive: positive in 59%. Because of some complementary elevations, the combined use of CEA, CA 19-9 and CA 125 raised sensitivity to 94%. CA 19-9 and LDH could be useful for confirmation because of their higher specificity; however, the specificity of CEA rose to 93% on using a cut-off of 10 ng/ml instead of 3 ng/ml. The results indicate that CEA and CA 19-9 as well as liver function tests are helpful for preoperative staging in conjunction with imaging procedures before liver resection or regional chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lorenz
- Department of Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University Hospital, Frankfurt Main-FRG
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27
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Molina R, Jo J, Filella X, Zanon G, Grau JJ, Joseph J, Bedini JL, Biete A, Ballesta AM. Mucin-Like Carcinoma-Associated Antigen (MCA) in Tissue and Serum of Patients with Breast Cancer: Clinical Applications in Prognosis and Disease Monitoring. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 8:113-23. [PMID: 8366294 DOI: 10.1177/172460089300800208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Mucin-like Carcinoma-associated Antigen (MCA) has been associated with many breast cancers. The aim of this study was to evaluate MCA in tumor tissue and serum as a potential tumor marker for prognosis and disease monitoring. MCA levels were determined in the tissue of 196 patients with primary breast cancer, 25 with metastatic disease and 25 patients with benign diseases, in pellet and/or cytosol. MCA levels were also determined in the serum of 50 patients with benign diseases, 148 with primary breast cancer (Mo), 150 with metastatic breast cancer (MT), and 200 with no clinical evidence of disease (NED). MCA tissue concentrations in pellet and cytosol were similar: 66.7 + 251 U/mg and 41.1 + 53 U/mg, respectively. No relationship between MCA levels and tumor size or nodal involvement was found. Higher MCA levels were observed in patients with ER + or PgR + tumors than in those with ER- or PgR- tumors (p < 0.01). Patients with MCA pellet concentrations lower than 10 U/mg of protein had shorter disease - free intervals (DFI) than those with higher values (p < 0.05). Abnormally high serum levels of MCA were found in 8% of patients with benign diseases, 4% of NED patients, 22% of Mo patients, and in 76% of MT cases. In primary breast cancer MCA values were related to tumor size and nodal involvement. A trend toward a lower DFI in patients with elevated presurgical MCA levels was observed but was of no statistical significance. These differences became statistically significant when patients were subdivided according to nodal status, with shorter DFI in those without nodal invasion (p < 0.05). In metastatic patients, changes in serum MCA were related to the tumor's response to treatment in 82% of cases. The highest MCA values were found in patients with liver or bone metastasis and the lowest values were found in those with locoregional recurrence. In conclusion, although MCA is not a specific tumor marker, it can be useful as a prognostic factor (tissue and serum) and in monitoring metastatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Molina
- Laboratory of Clinical Biochemistry (Unit for Cancer Research), Hospital Clinico, Medical School, Barcelona, Spain
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28
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Omar YT, Behbehani AE, al-Naqeeb N, Motawy MM, Folldi MO, Awwad AH, Nasralla MY, Szymendera JJ. Carcinoembryonic Antigen and Breast Carcinoma Antigen (CA 15.3) in Preoperative Staging and Postoperative Monitoring of Patients with Carcinoma of the Breast. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 3:165-71. [PMID: 3230336 DOI: 10.1177/172460088800300304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Serum levels of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and breast carcinoma antigen (CA 15.3) were determined in patients with breast carcinoma: in 129 before initial surgical or nonsurgical treatment and in 134 afterwards. Before any initial treatment, CEA was elevated in 15% of patients with Stage IV disease and CA 15.3 was high in 11% with Stage III and 48% with Stage IV. While monitoring management active disease was associated with elevated serum CEA in 66% of the patients, with elevated CA 15.3 in 73% and with at least one of the markers elevated in 86%. Both tests had high specificity (93% and 98%). The rise in serum CEA and, even more so, of serum CA 15.3 roughly paralleled the increase in bulk of the tumor: from locoregional disease through metastases to the lungs, bones, lungs with bones, and liver. Decreases in the levels of serum CEA and CA 15.3 reflected response to therapy, increases in the level of at least one marker - treatment failure, and levels fluctuating above the normal range indicated stationary disease. During follow-up, the predictive value of a negative test (levels within the normal range), suggesting that the patient might be free of disease, was 61% for CEA alone, 67% for CA 15.3 alone, and 80% for the two tests combined. We conclude that an elevated serum level of only one of the markers was useful for staging, implying advanced disease. Determination of both markers jointly was useful for monitoring the effectiveness of the therapy and for follow-up aimed at detection of relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Omar
- Department of Radiotherapy, Kuwait Cancer Control Centre, Shuwaikh, Arabian Gulf
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29
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Martoni A, Ercolino L, Bellanova B, Zanichelli L, Canova N, Pannuti F. CA 15.3 and CEA Plasma Level Monitoring in Patients with Breast Cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 3:154-8. [PMID: 3230334 DOI: 10.1177/172460088800300302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
CA 15.3 and CEA were determined in the serum of 217 patients with early and advanced breast carcinoma. CA 15.3 was high (> 30 U/ml) in 1/6 (17%) patients with stage III primary tumor, in 4/77 (5%) patients without clinical signs of disease after mastectomy, in 67/102 (65%) patients with advanced disease in progression, and in 13/32 (41%) patients with advanced disease not in progression and undergoing therapy. The corresponding incidences of pathological CEA values (> 2.5 ng/ml) were 33, 8, 55 and 14%>. The combination of the two markers brings about a certain improvement in the sensitivity for recognising patients with advanced disease in progression (79/102 = 77%). The presence of high values of CA 15.3 is statistically correlated to the prevalent site of metastases (bone and viscera > soft tissues). Monitoring the two markers during antitumor therapy in 36 patients showed good accordance (56%) between CA 15.3 changes and response to therapy. The decrease of the marker in patients who achieved partial remission was statistically significant. In conclusion, CA 15.3 is more sensitive than CEA in recognising patients with advanced disease in progression and gives better accordance with the response to therapy. The simultaneous use of the two markers may be useful in the follow-up of operated patients and in monitoring the disease during treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Martoni
- Oncology Division, M. Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy
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30
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Vibert HG, Houston AS, Wilkins GP, Kemp PM, Macleod MA. CA549 and TPS Patterns in the Diagnosis and Staging of Patients with Breast Carcinoma. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 11:198-202. [PMID: 9017442 DOI: 10.1177/172460089601100403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study compares the clinical value of the breast cancer tumour markers CA549 and TPS, and their tandem use when one or both markers indicate abnormality. For 144 patients presenting with active disease, 33 were classified as Stage I, 37 as Stage II, 40 as Stage III and 34 as Stage TV. For these patients the sensitivity of CA549 using a cut-off of 10 U/ml was 27%, 32%, 42% and 79%, respectively. The sensitivity of TPS for each stage using a cut-off of 100 U/l was 12%, 22%, 28% and 73%, respectively. At these cut-off levels, 36%, 46%, 63% and 91% of patients, respectively, have either CA549 or TPS or both markers raised. For 161 patients with diagnosed benign breast disease, the specificity of marker levels was 96% for CA549, 88% for TPS and 84% for tandem use. CA549 is shown to be superior to TPS and this was confirmed by Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis using variable threshold levels, with the areas under the curves for all stages combined being 0.74 ± 0.03 (1SD) and 0.66 ± 0.03, respectively. The corresponding area under the curve for tandem use (0.75 ± 0.03) is marginally greater than for either individual marker, although the difference with respect to CA549 is statistically insignificant.
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Affiliation(s)
- H G Vibert
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Royal Naval Hospital, Haslar, Gosport, UK
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31
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Bonfrer JM, Korse CM. TPA and CA 15.3 Measurements for Breast Cancer Monitoring in a Routine Setting. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 14:40-4. [PMID: 10367249 DOI: 10.1177/172460089901400108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
TPA and CA 15.3 concentrations were routinely determined in serum of patients treated for breast cancer during a 15-month period. ROC curves did not show differences in the ability to differentiate between NED and PD on the basis of matching tumor marker values. During monitoring of patients with NED, TPA levels showed fluctuations of more than 25% that were not disease related. We concluded that CA 15.3 is a more slowly reacting marker of tumor burden than TPA, which is an immediate indicator of cell turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Bonfrer
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, The Netherlands Cancer Institute (Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Huis), Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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32
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Dnistrian AM, Schwartz MK, Greenberg EJ, Smith CA, Dorsa R, Schwartz DC. CA 549 as a Marker in Breast Cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 6:139-43. [PMID: 1791307 DOI: 10.1177/172460089100600301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
CA 549 is one of several carcinoma associated mucin antigens proposed as a breast cancer tumor marker. In this study, the performance characteristics of the CA 549 assay were validated and the clinical utility of the test was compared with that of other breast cancer markers including CA 15-3, CA M26, CA M29 and carcinoembryonic antigen. The upper limit of normal was established as 15.5 U/ml based on data for 250 control subjects apparently free of disease. Overall, CA 549 had a low negative predictive value (0.51) due to a low sensitivity in the detection of early breast cancer. However, the test had a high positive predictive value (0.93) reflecting a high specificity for the disease. In 56 patients with advanced breast cancer, the sensitivity was 0.71 for CA 549 alone and 0.79-0.84 for CA 549 combined with any of the other markers studied.
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33
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Coveney EC, Geraghty JG, Sherry F, McDermott EW, Fennelly JJ, O'Higgins NJ, Duffy MJ. The clinical value of CEA and CA 15-3 in breast cancer management. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 10:35-41. [PMID: 7629425 DOI: 10.1177/172460089501000107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The value of tumour-associated antigens CEA and CA 15-3 was studied in patients with breast cancer over a 4-year period. A total of 252 patients with primary or recurrent disease had available and corresponding CEA and CA 15-3 values at diagnosis and during follow-up and were studied in detail. Preoperative and three-monthly serial postoperative levels were measured in each patient. Ten of 11 patients presenting with primary and concurrent metastatic disease had elevated CA 15-3 levels (> 25 I.U./ml) as compared to 6 with CEA (> 5 ng/ml). Fourty-seven patients developed locoregional recurrence of which 15 had concurrent metastatic disease. CA 15-3 was elevated in 14 cases while CEA in 11. Of 32 patients with locoregional recurrence alone, 18 later developed metastatic disease at a mean follow-up time of 17.5 months. There was a significant correlation between CA 15-3 value at locoregional recurrence and time to subsequent metastasis (r = 0. -0.57, P = 0.0133). CEA was elevated in 64%, CA 15-3 in 87% and either marker in 94% of 87 patients diagnosed with metastatic disease. Of 53 patients with serial markers and metastatic disease, 72% (38/53) had rising CA 15-3 levels prior to diagnosis with a mean lead time of 9.9 months. Use of CEA in conjunction improved lead time detection to 83%. This study demonstrates that CA 15-3 is superior to CEA at detecting metastatic disease at initial presentation and during follow-up. Use of CEA in conjunction with CA 15-3 improves the detection of systemic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Coveney
- Department of Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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34
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Jensen JL, Maclean GD, Suresh MR, Almeida A, Jette D, Lloyd S, Bodnar D, Krantz M, Longenecker BM. Possible Utility of Serum Determinations of CA 125 and CA 27.29 in Breast Cancer Management. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 6:1-6. [PMID: 1856511 DOI: 10.1177/172460089100600101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The utility of measurement of serum levels of the tumor associated antigens CA 125 and CA 27.29 in detecting the presence of disease and in monitoring changes in disease status was examined in 63 patients with breast cancer. In patients with clinically detectable disease the CA 125 level was elevated in 59%, the CA 27.29 level in 59.5% and one or both markers in 84.6%. Specificity for presence of disease was 83.6% for CA 125, 88% for CA 27.29, and 69.1% for the two markers combined. Changes in marker levels of more than 50% correlated with clinical changes in disease status in 58% of cases for either CA 125 or CA 27.29 alone. In 87.5% of cases with clinically progressive disease one or both marker levels increased by more than 50% from the previous levels. In no case with greater than 50% increase in a marker level was there regression of disease. Thus, the use of these markers in combination might have utility in cases where diagnosis of recurrent disease is difficult or where monitoring of response to treatment is hampered by lack of measurable disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Jensen
- Department of Medicine, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, Alberta-Canada
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35
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Iaffaioli RV, Caponigro F, Esposito G, Pagliarulo C, Deplacido S, Ungaro B, Bazzicalupo L, Frasci G, Bianco AR. Impact of Preoperative CA 15-3 Levels in Operable Breast Cancer. Comparison with Tissue Polypeptide Antigen (TPA) and Carcinoembryonic Antigen (CEA). Int J Biol Markers 2018; 6:21-4. [PMID: 1856513 DOI: 10.1177/172460089100600104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
CA 15-3, TPA and CEA were assayed before surgery in 60 patients with breast cancer. A significant association was found between preoperative CA 15-3 levels and some of the most important prognostic factors in breast cancer, such as lymph node status and tumor size. No similar association was discovered for CEA and TPA. Preoperative CA 15-3 levels were also significantly associated with early recurrences of the disease, thus adding useful information to prognosis especially in N + patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- R V Iaffaioli
- Division of Medical Oncology, University of Cagliari, Italy
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36
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von Mensdorff-Pouilly S, Snijdewint FG, Verstraeten AA, Verheijen RH, Kenemans P. Human MUC1 Mucin: A Multifaceted Glycoprotein. Int J Biol Markers 2018; 15:343-56. [PMID: 11192832 DOI: 10.1177/172460080001500413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Human MUC1 mucin, a membrane-bound glycoprotein, is a major component of the ductal cell surface of normal glandular cells. MUC1 is overexpressed and aberrantly glycosylated in carcinoma cells. The role MUC1 plays in cancer progression represents two sides of one coin: on the one hand, loss of polarity and overexpression of MUC1 in cancer cells interferes with cell adhesion and shields the tumor cell from immune recognition by the cellular arm of the immune system, thus favoring metastases; on the other hand, MUC1, in essence a self-antigen, is displaced and altered in malignancy and induces immune responses. Tumor-associated MUC1 has short carbohydrate sidechains and exposed epitopes on its peptide core; it gains access to the circulation and comes into contact with the immune system provoking humoral and cellular immune responses. Natural antibodies to MUC1 present in the circulation of cancer patients may be beneficial to the patient by restricting tumor growth and dissemination: early stage breast cancer patients with a humoral response to MUC1 have a better disease-specific survival. Several MUC1 peptide vaccines, differing in vectors, carrier proteins and adjuvants, have been tested in phase I clinical trials. They are capable of inducing predominantly humoral responses to the antigen, but evidence that these immune responses may be effective against the tumor in humans is still scarce.
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Affiliation(s)
- S von Mensdorff-Pouilly
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Academic Hospital Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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37
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Abstract
CA 15.3 is a recent tumor marker for a wide range of cancers that is usually used for monitoring breast carcinoma patients. This study was performed to evaluate CA 15.3 behaviour in 161 patients with benign diffuse hepatic diseases who underwent thorough clinical and biochemical evaluation. Abnormal serum levels of this antigen were found in 8.7% of the 161 patients, 11.6% of the 86 cirrhotics, and 5.3% of the 75 noncirrhotic patients. The correlation between CA 15.3 and certain parameters characteristic of liver diseases was checked. IgA showed the most relevant correlation (r = 0.39, p < 0.00001) and in our series a normal level of IgA was practically determinant of normal CA 15.3 levels. Our results also support the role played by hepatocellular dysfunction in increasing levels of this antigen in spite of the low number of false-positive results. CA 15.3 can be used as a tumor marker in these patients at levels used for healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Collazos
- Internal Medicine Service, Hospital de Galdacano, Vizcaya, Spain
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Arciero C, Somiari S, Shriver C, Brzeski H, Jordan R, Hu H, Ellsworth D, Somiari R. Functional Relationship and Gene Ontology Classification of Breast Cancer Biomarkers. Int J Biol Markers 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/172460080301800403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is a complex disease that still imposes a significant healthcare burden on women worldwide. The etiology of breast cancer is not known but significant advances have been made in the area of early detection and treatment. The advent of advanced molecular biology techniques, mapping of the human genome and availability of high throughput genomic and proteomic strategies opens up new opportunities and will potentially lead to the discovery of novel biomarkers for early detection and prognostication of breast cancer. Currently, many biomarkers, particularly the hormonal and epidermal growth factor receptors, are being utilized for breast cancer prognosis. Unfortunately, none of the biomarkers in use have sufficient diagnostic, prognostic and/or predictive power across all categories and stages of breast cancer. It is recognized that more useful information can be generated if tumors are interrogated with multiple markers. But choosing the right combination of biomarkers is challenging, because 1) multiple pathways are involved, 2) up to 62 genes and their protein products are potentially involved in breast cancer-related mechanisms and 3) the more markers evaluated, the more the time and cost involved. This review summarizes the current literature on selected biomarkers for breast cancer, discusses the functional relationships, and groups the selected genes based on a Gene Ontology™ classification.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. Arciero
- General Surgery Services, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington DC
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
| | | | - C.D. Shriver
- General Surgery Services, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington DC
| | - H. Brzeski
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
| | - R. Jordan
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
| | - H. Hu
- Windber Research Institute, Windber PA - USA
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Kruse V, Van de Wiele C, Borms M, Maes A, Pottel H, Sathekge M, Cocquyt V. CA 15.3 measurements for separating FDG PET/CT positive from negative findings in breast carcinoma recurrence. Nuklearmedizin 2018; 53:131-8. [DOI: 10.3413/nukmed-0634-13-12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2013] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
SummaryIn breast cancer CA 15.3 is considered the tumour marker of choice. CA 15.3 is directly related to the disease extent and to hormone status (estrogen receptor ER+/ ER-, progesterone receptor PR+/PR-). This study was designed to assess the impact of disease extent, hormone receptor and HER2-status, and circulating blood volume on the area-under the ROC-curve of CA 15.3 to separate FDG PET positive from negative findings. Patients, methods: We retrospectively evaluated 379 FDG PET/CT examinations performed in 80 patients with breast cancer. Blood volumes were derived using the formulas by Nadler and multiplied by their corresponding CA 15.3 measurement. Results: ROC-curve analysis revealed an AUC of 0.695 (p = 0.0001) for CA 15.3 to separate FDG PET positive from negative findings. AUC measurements to separate normal scan find-ings from loco-regional disease and meta- static disease were 0.527 (p = 0.587) and 0.732 (p = 0.0001), respectively. AUC measurements for CA 15.3 to separate positive from negative FDG PET findings, in ER+ and ER- patients, were respectively 0.772 (p = 0.0001) and 0.596 (p = 0.143). AUC measurements for CA 15.3 to separate positive from negative FDG PET findings, in PR+ and PR- patients, were respectively 0.675 (p = 0.0001) and 0.694 (p = 0.0001). In HER2-positive and -negative patients, the AUC measurements were respectively 0.594 (p = 0.178) and 0.701 (p = 0.0001) to separate positive from negative FDG PET findings. Conclusion: The AUC for CA 15.3 measurements to separate FDG PET positive from negative findings in breast cancer patients with suspected recurrence proved to be directly related to the extent of the recurrent disease and hormone receptor status and inversely related to HER2-status. Correcting CA 15.3 measurements for blood volumes did not impact the AUC.
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Tanaka-Okamoto M, Hanzawa K, Mukai M, Takahashi H, Ohue M, Miyamoto Y. Correlation of serum sialyl Tn antigen values determined by immunoassay and SRM based method. Anal Biochem 2017; 544:42-48. [PMID: 29273237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
We previously identified four glycan tumor marker candidates using a HPLC-based method. One candidate was sialyl Tn (STN), NeuAcα2-6-GalNAc. In this study, glycans were prepared from sera by hydrazine treatment followed by fluorescent labeling with aminopyridine. Pyridylaminated-STN levels of 147 gastric cancer, 85 pancreatic cancer and 10 cholangiocarcinoma patients together with 102 normal controls were accurately quantified using HPLC separation followed by selected reaction monitoring (SRM) assay, which used a stable isotope, tetradeuterium-labeled pyridylamino glycan as an internal standard. Additionally, STN values were also quantified using conventional competitive inhibition radioimmunoassay (RIA). The two STN levels determined by RIA and SRM gave a similar distribution pattern in sera. STN levels were increased in sera from cancer patients compared to those from normal controls. Moreover, the STN levels in sera of cancer patients determined by the two different assay procedures showed a good correlation (i.e., correlation coefficient >0.9). Our results suggest it may be better to determine STN levels using SRM instead of RIA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Tanaka-Okamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Ken Hanzawa
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Mikio Mukai
- Department of Medical Checkup, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohue
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Miyamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka International Cancer Institute, 3-1-69, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-8567, Japan.
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Lin DC, Genzen JR. Concordance analysis of paired cancer antigen (CA) 15-3 and 27.29 testing. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2017; 167:269-276. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-017-4513-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Tanaka-Okamoto M, Mukai M, Takahashi H, Fujiwara Y, Ohue M, Miyamoto Y. Various sulfated carbohydrate tumor marker candidates identified by focused glycomic analyses. Glycobiology 2017; 27:400-415. [PMID: 28025252 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cww133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycomic analysis focused on sulfated O-glycans was performed to identify novel serum carbohydrate tumor markers. Sulfated glycans were enriched by α-neuraminidase digestion of pyridylaminated glycans prepared from sera, followed by anion exchange chromatography. Sulfated O-glycan profiles were constructed by two types of high performance liquid chromatography separation. Comparison of the profiles from 20 healthy controls with those of 11 gastric and 9 pancreatic cancer patients identified 14 marker candidates. The structures of these candidates were precisely analyzed using various methods including enzymatic digestion and mass spectrometry. The candidates comprised 9 core1 and 5 core2 glycans. All these candidates were monosulfated, and 11 were also mono- or difucosylated, and included various determinants such as 6-sulfo type2 lactosamine, 6-sulfo Lewis X, 6-sulfo Lewis Y, 3'-sulfo type1 lactosamine and 3'-sulfo Lewis A. Furthermore, among the core1 glycans, five candidates displayed a type1 and type2 lactosamine hybrid backbone. The levels of these candidate glycans in the sera from all 40 subjects were quantified using a selected reaction monitoring assay. These analyses revealed: (i) the levels of all candidates were elevated in sera of at least one or more patients; (ii) core1 candidates having type1-type2 hybrid backbones with 6-sulfo Lewis X, 6-sulfo type2 lactosamine or 3'-sulfo Lewis A were elevated in sera of variety of patients; and (iii) levels of the candidates varied widely among patients, suggesting analysis of multiple candidates will be an effective means of screening various cancers. To fully evaluate the clinical utility of these candidates, a further verification study is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miki Tanaka-Okamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 1-3-2 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-8511, Japan
| | - Mikio Mukai
- Department of Multiphase Health Screening, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 1-3-3 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-8511, Japan
| | - Hidenori Takahashi
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 1-3-3 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-8511, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Fujiwara
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 1-3-3 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-8511, Japan
| | - Masayuki Ohue
- Department of Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 1-3-3 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-8511, Japan
| | - Yasuhide Miyamoto
- Department of Molecular Biology, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, 1-3-2 Nakamichi, Higashinari-ku, Osaka 537-8511, Japan
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Wang W, Xu X, Tian B, Wang Y, Du L, Sun T, Shi Y, Zhao X, Jing J. The diagnostic value of serum tumor markers CEA, CA19-9, CA125, CA15-3, and TPS in metastatic breast cancer. Clin Chim Acta 2017; 470:51-55. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2017.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2016] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Ahmed MB, Nabih ES, Al-Sheeha M. PAX5α and PAX5β mRNA expression in breast Cancer: Relation to serum P53 and MMP2. EGYPTIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL HUMAN GENETICS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmhg.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Liquid biopsy: unlocking the potentials of cell-free DNA. Virchows Arch 2017; 471:147-154. [DOI: 10.1007/s00428-017-2137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Kazarian A, Blyuss O, Metodieva G, Gentry-Maharaj A, Ryan A, Kiseleva EM, Prytomanova OM, Jacobs IJ, Widschwendter M, Menon U, Timms JF. Testing breast cancer serum biomarkers for early detection and prognosis in pre-diagnosis samples. Br J Cancer 2017; 116:501-508. [PMID: 28081538 PMCID: PMC5318971 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Breast cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Although mammography screening is available, there is an ongoing interest in improved early detection and prognosis. Herein, we have analysed a combination of serological biomarkers in a case–control cohort of sera taken before diagnosis. Methods: This nested case–control study within the UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS) used serum samples from 239 women who subsequently developed breast cancer and 239 matched cancer-free controls. Sera were screened by ELISA for 9 candidate markers. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to examine associations with clinico-pathological features and between case controls in different time groups before diagnosis. Results: Significant associations with clinico-pathological features related to prognosis were found for several candidates (CA15-3, HSP90A and PAI-1). However, there were no consistent differences between cases and controls for any candidate in the lead up to diagnosis. Whilst combination models outperformed single markers, there was no increase in performance towards diagnosis. Conclusions: This study using unique pre-diagnosis samples shows that CA15-3, HSP90A and PAI-1 have potential as early prognostic markers and warrant further investigation. However, none of the candidates or combinations would be useful for screening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kazarian
- Department of Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, W1T 7DN, UK
| | - Oleg Blyuss
- Department of Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, W1T 7DN, UK
| | - Gergana Metodieva
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, Essex CO4 3SQ, UK
| | - Aleksandra Gentry-Maharaj
- Department of Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, W1T 7DN, UK
| | - Andy Ryan
- Department of Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, W1T 7DN, UK
| | - Elena M Kiseleva
- Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine
| | - Olga M Prytomanova
- Oles Honchar Dnipropetrovsk National University, Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine
| | - Ian J Jacobs
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Martin Widschwendter
- Department of Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, W1T 7DN, UK
| | - Usha Menon
- Department of Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, W1T 7DN, UK
| | - John F Timms
- Department of Women's Cancer, Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, W1T 7DN, UK
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Krivitsky V, Zverzhinetsky M, Patolsky F. Antigen-Dissociation from Antibody-Modified Nanotransistor Sensor Arrays as a Direct Biomarker Detection Method in Unprocessed Biosamples. NANO LETTERS 2016; 16:6272-6281. [PMID: 27579528 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b02584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The detection of biomolecules is critical for a wide spectrum of applications in life sciences and medical diagnosis. Nonetheless, biosamples are highly complex solutions, which contain an enormous variety of biomolecules, cells, and chemical species. Consequently, the intrinsic chemical complexity of biosamples results in a significant analytical background noise and poses an immense challenge to any analytical measurement, especially when applied without prior efficient separation and purification steps. Here, we demonstrate the application of antigen-dissociation regime, from antibody-modified Si-nanowire sensors, as a simple and effective direct sensing mechanism of biomarkers of interest in complex biosamples, such as serum and untreated blood, which does not require ex situ time-consuming biosample manipulation steps, such as centrifugation, filtering, preconcentration, and desalting, thus overcoming the detrimental Debye screening limitation of nanowire-based biosensors. We found that two key parameters control the capability to perform quantitative biomarkers analysis in biosamples: (i) the affinity strength (koff rate) of the antibody-antigen recognition pair, which dictates the time length of the high-affinity slow dissociation subregime, and (ii) the "flow rate" applied during the solution exchange dissociation step, which controls the time width of the low-affinity fast-dissociation subregime. Undoubtedly, this is the simplest and most convenient approach for the SiNW FET-based detection of antigens in complex untreated biosamples. The lack of ex situ biosample manipulation time-consuming processes enhances the portability of the sensing platform and reduces to minimum the required volume of tested sample, as it allows the direct detection of untreated biosamples (5-10 μL blood or serum), while readily reducing the detection cycle duration to less than 5 min, factors of great importance in near-future point-of-care medical applications. We believe this is the first ever reported demonstration on the real-time, direct label-free sensing of biomarkers from untreated blood samples, using SiNW-based FET devices, while not compromising the ultrasensitive sensing capabilities inherent to these devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim Krivitsky
- School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Marina Zverzhinetsky
- School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Fernando Patolsky
- School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel-Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Iby and Aladar Fleischman Faculty of Engineering, Tel-Aviv University , Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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Accordino MK, Wright JD, Vasan S, Neugut AI, Hillyer GC, Hu JC, Hershman DL. Use and Costs of Disease Monitoring in Women With Metastatic Breast Cancer. J Clin Oncol 2016; 34:2820-6. [PMID: 27161970 PMCID: PMC5012664 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2016.66.6313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The optimal frequency of monitoring patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is unknown; however, data suggest that intensive monitoring does not improve outcomes. We performed a population-based analysis to evaluate patterns and predictors of extreme use of disease-monitoring tests (serum tumor markers [STMs] and radiographic imaging) among women with MBC. METHODS The SEER-Medicare database was used to identify women with MBC diagnosed from 2002 to 2011 who underwent disease monitoring. Billing dates of STMs (carcinoembryonic antigen and/or cancer antigen 15-3/cancer antigen 27.29) and imaging tests (computed tomography and/or positron emission tomography) were recorded; if more than one STM or imaging test were completed on the same day, they were counted once. We defined extreme use as > 12 STM and/or more than four radiographic imaging tests in a 12-month period. Multivariable analysis was used to identify factors associated with extreme use. In extreme users, total health care costs and end-of-life health care utilization were compared with the rest of the study population. RESULTS We identified 2,460 eligible patients. Of these, 924 (37.6%) were extreme users of disease-monitoring tests. Factors significantly associated with extreme use were hormone receptor-negative MBC (odds ratio [OR], 1.63; 95% CI, 1.27 to 2.08), history of a positron emission tomography scan (OR, 2.92; 95% CI, 2.40 to 3.55), and more frequent oncology office visits (OR, 3.14; 95% CI, 2.49 to 3.96). Medical costs per year were 59.2% higher in extreme users. Extreme users were more likely to use emergency department and hospice services at the end of life. CONCLUSION Despite an unknown clinical benefit, approximately one third of elderly women with MBC were extreme users of disease-monitoring tests. Higher use of disease-monitoring tests was associated with higher total health care costs. Efforts to understand the optimal frequency of monitoring are needed to inform clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa K Accordino
- Melissa K. Accordino, Jason D. Wright, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; Sowmya Vasan, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University; and Jim C. Hu, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY.
| | - Jason D Wright
- Melissa K. Accordino, Jason D. Wright, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; Sowmya Vasan, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University; and Jim C. Hu, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Sowmya Vasan
- Melissa K. Accordino, Jason D. Wright, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; Sowmya Vasan, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University; and Jim C. Hu, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Alfred I Neugut
- Melissa K. Accordino, Jason D. Wright, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; Sowmya Vasan, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University; and Jim C. Hu, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Grace C Hillyer
- Melissa K. Accordino, Jason D. Wright, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; Sowmya Vasan, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University; and Jim C. Hu, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Jim C Hu
- Melissa K. Accordino, Jason D. Wright, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; Sowmya Vasan, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University; and Jim C. Hu, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Dawn L Hershman
- Melissa K. Accordino, Jason D. Wright, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons; Sowmya Vasan, Alfred I. Neugut, Grace C. Hillyer, and Dawn L. Hershman, Columbia University; and Jim C. Hu, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
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Highly sensitive and selective lateral flow immunoassay based on magnetic nanoparticles for quantitative detection of carcinoembryonic antigen. Talanta 2016; 161:205-210. [PMID: 27769397 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.08.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2016] [Revised: 08/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is an important biomarker in cancer diagnosis. Here, we present an efficient, selective lateral-flow immunoassay (LFIA) based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) for in situ sensitive and accurate point-of-care detection of CEA. Signal amplification mechanism involved linking of detection MNPs with signal MNPs through biotin-modified single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) and streptavidin. To verify the effectiveness of this modified LFIA system, the sensitivity and specificity were evaluated. Sensitivity evaluation showed a broad detection range of 0.25-1000ng/ml for CEA protein by the modified LFIA, and the limit of detection (LOD) of the modified LFIA was 0.25ng/ml, thus producing significant increase in detection threshold compared with the traditional LFIA. The modified LFIA could selectively recognize CEA in presence of several interfering proteins. In addition, this newly developed assay was applied for quantitative detection of CEA in human serum specimens collected from 10 randomly selected patients. The modified LFIA system detected minimum 0.27ng/ml of CEA concentration in serum samples. The results were consistent with the clinical data obtained using commercial electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) (p<0.01). In conclusion, the MNPs based LFIA system not only demonstrated enhanced signal to noise ratio, it also detected CEA with higher sensitivity and selectivity, and thus has great potential to be commercially applied as a sensitive tumor marker filtration system.
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Nuclear localization of MUC1 extracellular domain in breast, head and neck, and colon cancer. Int J Biol Markers 2015; 30:e294-300. [DOI: 10.5301/jbm.5000147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Background The glycoprotein MUC1 is overexpressed and underglycosylated in cancer cells. MUC1 is translated as a single polypeptide that undergoes autocleavage into 2 subunits (the extracellular domain and the cytoplasmic tail), and forms a stable heterodimer at the apical membrane of normal epithelial cells. The MUC1 cytoplasmic tail localizes to the cytoplasm of transformed cells and is targeted to the nucleus. Aims To study the expression of the MUC1 extracellular subunit in cell nuclei of neoplastic breast, head and neck, and colon samples. Materials and Methods 330 primary tumor samples were analyzed: 166 invasive breast carcinomas, 127 head and neck tumors, and 47 colon tumors; 10 benign breast disease (BBD) and 40 normal specimens were also included. A standard immunohistochemical method with antigen retrieval was performed. Nuclear fractions from tissue homogenates and breast cancer cell lines (ZR-75, MDA-MB-231, MCF7, and T47D) were obtained and analyzed by Western blotting (WB). The anti-MUC1 extracellular subunit monoclonal antibody HMFG1 was used for immunohistochemistry. Results 37/166 breast cancer specimens, 5/127 head and neck cancer specimens, 2/47 colon cancer samples, and 3/10 BBD samples showed immunohistochemical staining at the nuclear level. No nuclear reaction was detected in normal samples. By WB, breast and colon cancer purified nuclear fractions showed reactivity at 200 kDa in 3/30 breast and 3/20 colon cancer samples as well as purified nuclear fractions obtained from breast cancer cell lines. Conclusions This study shows that the MUC1 extracellular domain might be translocated to the cell nucleus in breast, head and neck, and colon cancer as well as BBD.
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