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Martínez-Galán J, Rodriguez I, Caba O. Importance of BRCA mutation for the current treatment of pancreatic cancer beyond maintenance. World J Gastroenterol 2021; 27:6515-6521. [PMID: 34754149 PMCID: PMC8554401 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v27.i39.6515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In this editorial, we comment on pancreatic cancer (PC), one of the most aggressive and lethal cancers. Only minimal improvements in survival rates have been achieved over recent years. Available chemotherapeutic regimens have little impact, and surgical resection remains the only reliable curative approach. We address current treatment options for these patients, focusing on the usefulness of breast cancer (BRCA) gene mutation as a prognostic biomarker and predictor of response to chemotherapy. Superior survival outcomes have been reported in patients with PC and mutant BRCA gene treated with first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. Therefore, it appears appropriate to include BRCA gene status among clinical criteria used to select the chemotherapy regimen. In addition, maintenance treatment with poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors has been found to improve progression-free survival in patients with PC and mutated BRCA whose disease does not progress after first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. This combination has therefore been proposed as the optimal treatment regimen for these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joaquina Martínez-Galán
- Department of Medical Oncology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada 18014, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodriguez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Granada 18014, Spain
| | - Octavio Caba
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), University of Granada, Granada 18016, Spain
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Yang J, Guo H, Lei J, Zhang S, Zhang S, Bai J, Li S. Fabrication of polymer-based self-assembly nanocarriers loaded with a crizotinib and gemcitabine: potential therapeutics for the treatment of endometrial cancer. JOURNAL OF BIOMATERIALS SCIENCE-POLYMER EDITION 2021; 33:20-34. [PMID: 34602004 DOI: 10.1080/09205063.2021.1974149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Combination therapy in cancer therapy has been widely used for its positive attributes, such as minimizing the undesirable side effects of chemotherapies and enhancing the therapeutic effects on different cancers. Compared with free drugs crizotinib (CRZ) and gemcitabine (GEM), CRZ@GEM-NPs could remarkably improve the cytotoxicity for endometrial cancer (EC) cells (Ishikawa cells and KLE cells) after treatment with MTT assay. In this study, CRZ and GEM were conjugated to tri-block copolymer poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL-PEG-PCL, known as NPs). The fabricated nanoparticles were characterized by the high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), and the particles size and zeta potential were investigated by the dynamic light scattering analysis. Further, the morphological features of the EC cell lines were examined by the biochemical staining assays. Morphological changes in endometrial cells morphology revealed by nuclear fragmentation and nuclear condensation (the hallmarks of apoptosis) were noted upon treatment with CRZ@GEM-NPs to the Ishikawa and KLE cancer cells. In addition, resulting in the highest ratio of apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential shows the cell death through the mitochondrial membrane potential. In vivo, systemic toxicity studies showed no histological changes and substantial blood biochemical with the near-normal appearance of the organs upon treatment with CRZ@GEM-NPs. Overall, the targeted combination suitable therapeutic framework may be a promising candidate for improved EC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaolin Yang
- Department of Gynecology, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Hongrui Guo
- Department of Gynecology, Yuncheng Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jing Lei
- Department of Gynecology, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Sanyuan Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Shaoguo Zhang
- Department of Nursing Care, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Jirong Bai
- Department of Gynecology, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
| | - Sufen Li
- Department of Gynecology, the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China
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Zhou N, Wang W, Li H, Jiang D, Zhong X. Development and investigation of dual potent anticancer drug-loaded nanoparticles for the treatment of lung cancer therapy. Process Biochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2021.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Liu D, Zhang W, Liu X, Qiu R. Precise engineering of hybrid molecules-loaded macromolecular nanoparticles shows in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficacy toward the treatment of nasopharyngeal cancer cells. Drug Deliv 2021; 28:776-786. [PMID: 33866910 PMCID: PMC8079022 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2021.1902022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers continue to be the second leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the development and improvement of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy in cancer management, effective tumor ablation strategies are still in need due to high cancer patient mortality. Hence, we have established a new approach to achieve treatment-actuated modifications in a tumor microenvironment by using synergistic activity between two potential anticancer drugs. Dual drug delivery of gemcitabine (GEM) and cisplatin (PT) exhibits a great anticancer potential, as GEM enhances the effect of PT treatment of human cells by providing stability of the microenvironment. However, encapsulation of GEM and PT fanatical by methoxypoly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(D, L-lactic acid) (PEG-PLA in termed as NPs) is incompetent owing to unsuitability between the binary Free GEM and PT core and the macromolecular system. Now, we display that PT can be prepared by hydrophobic coating of the dual drug centers with dioleoylphosphatidic acid (DOPA). The DOPA-covered PT can be co-encapsulated in PLGA NPs alongside GEM to stimulate excellent anticancer property. The occurrence of the PT suggestively enhanced the encapsulations of GEM into PLGA NPs (GEM-PT NPs). Further, the morphology of GEM NPs, PT NPs, and GEM-PT NPs and nanoparticle size was examined by transmission microscopy (TEM), respectively. Furthermore GEM-PT NPs induced significant apoptosis in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE2 and SUNE1 cancer cells by in vitro. The morphological observation and apoptosis were confirmed by the various biochemical assays (AO-EB, nuclear staining, and annexin V-FITC). In a xenograft model of nasopharyngeal cancer, this nanotherapy shows a durable inhibition of tumor progression upon the administration of a tolerable dose. Our results suggest that a macromolecular hydrophobic and highly toxic drug can be rationally converted into a pharmacologically efficient and self-deliverable of nanotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wenguang Zhang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xinju Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Henan Cancer Hospital, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Wei X, Li P, Zhou H, Hu X, Liu D, Wu J, Wang Y. Engineering of gemcitabine coated nano-graphene oxide sheets for efficient near-infrared radiation mediated in vivo lung cancer photothermal therapy. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2021; 216:112125. [PMID: 33601257 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2021.112125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Gemcitabine (GEM) and its derivatives of deoxycytosine is a promising anticancer candidate which is effective for the treatment of various cancers including lung cancer via cascade targetting Erk/Mek/Raf/Ras pathway and blocking the proliferation of the tumor cells. In this present work, we have described reduced graphene oxide (rGO) in the presence of anticancer utilizing ascorbic acid as reducing agents for lung cancer treatment. GEM reduced graphene oxide (termed as GEM-rGO) has resulted in a smooth and transparent morphological surface, which was confirmed by various spectroscopical investigations. The anticancer drug-loaded rGO has displayed remarkable cytotoxic activities against a panel of lung cancer cell lines when compared to the untreated lung cancer cells. Further, we examined the morphological observation of the cancer cell death was monitored through the fluorescence microscopic examinations. In addition, the cell deaths of the lung cancer cells were observed by the flow cytometry analyses. In addition, the non-toxic nature of potent GEM-rGO and GEM-rGO + NIR was confirmed by in vivo systemic toxicity analysis. Besides, the higher safety feature of the GEM-rGO and GEM-rGO + NIR was evidenced by histological analyses of the mice organs. The subcutaneous injection of GEM-rGO and GEM-rGO + NIR into mice bearing A549 xenografts more effectively inhibited the tumor than the free GEM. Based on the outcomes, we can summarise that the GEM reduced graphene oxide (GEM-rGO) can be used as a promising drug candidate for the treatment of lung cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Wei
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Peixian Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongfeng Zhou
- Department of Medical Oncology, General Hospital of Heilongjiang Province Land Reclamation Bureau, Harbin 150088, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiaowei Hu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jin Wu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin 150040, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, Shandong, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eileen M. O’Reilly
- Eileen M. O’Reilly, MD; Wungki Park, MD; and David P. Kelsen, MD, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - Wungki Park
- Eileen M. O’Reilly, MD; Wungki Park, MD; and David P. Kelsen, MD, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
| | - David P. Kelsen
- Eileen M. O’Reilly, MD; Wungki Park, MD; and David P. Kelsen, MD, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, and Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY
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