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Stoicescu EA, Iancu RC, Popa Cherecheanu A, Iancu G. Ocular adverse effects of anti-cancer chemotherapy. J Med Life 2023; 16:818-821. [PMID: 37675170 PMCID: PMC10478646 DOI: 10.25122/jml-2023-0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer ranks as the second leading cause of mortality in Europe, following cardiovascular diseases. Every year, 2.6 million people are diagnosed with this disease, and 1.2 million die. It has an impact not only on individual health but also on society and the economy. The survival rate has improved with the introduction of new diagnostic methods and anti-cancer chemotherapy. While more aggressive chemotherapeutic regimens and combination therapies have demonstrated efficacy against cancer cells, they also have detrimental effects on normal cells, leading to systemic and ocular adverse reactions associated with cytotoxicity, inflammation, and neurotoxicity. Consequently, we have an increased survival rate, but the appearance of these ocular adverse effects decreases the quality of life. Ocular toxicity induced by chemotherapeutic agents is often underestimated. While prevention may not be possible, proper management by an ophthalmologist, an integral part of the oncology patient's medical team, is crucial. The ophthalmologist should assess the patient before initiating chemotherapeutic treatment and continue monitoring throughout to identify any adverse ocular reactions resulting from the systemic chemotherapy. This article aimed to briefly highlight the adverse reactions occurring at the ocular surface in patients undergoing chemotherapeutic treatment. Fortunately, these ocular side effects are limited only to the period in which the chemotherapeutic treatment is done, with most of them disappearing a few weeks after stopping the treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Andreea Stoicescu
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raluca Claudia Iancu
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Alina Popa Cherecheanu
- Faculty of Medicine, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emergency University Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - George Iancu
- Filantropia Clinical Hospital of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bucharest, Romania
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Fiorino MG, Quaranta‐Leoni C, Quaranta‐Leoni FM. Proximal lacrimal obstructions: a review. Acta Ophthalmol 2021; 99:701-711. [PMID: 33455087 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aims of the review are to summarize the aethiopathogenesis, management and outcomes of different treatments of proximal lacrimal obstructions. METHODS An electronic database (PubMed, MEDLINE and Google Scholar) search of all articles written in English and non-English language with abstract translated to English on proximal lacrimal obstructions was performed. The articles were reviewed along with their relevant cross references. Data reviewed included demographics, presentations, investigations, management, complications and outcomes. RESULTS Punctoplasty is as effective as punctal dilatation with monocanalicular or bicanalicular stent in case of punctal stenosis. Dacryocystorhinostomy with retrograde intubation is more effective in case of proximal canalicular obstructions than in case of mid-canalicular obstructions. Trephination and intubation is effective in both mid and distal canalicular obstructions in patients with no associated nasolacrimal duct obstruction. Canaliculodacryocystorhinostomy has a specific indication in case of proximal common canalicular obstruction. Bypass surgery is the preferred treatment if there is no residual patency, however surgical success may not match patient satisfaction. CONCLUSION Optimal choice of surgical method depends on identification of the site of obstruction. Mini-invasive techniques should be avoided in cases that would only benefit from standard surgical treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Grazia Fiorino
- Orbital and Adnexal Service Villa Tiberia Hospital – GVM Care & Research Rome Italy
- Oftalmoplastica Roma Rome Italy
| | | | - Francesco M. Quaranta‐Leoni
- Orbital and Adnexal Service Villa Tiberia Hospital – GVM Care & Research Rome Italy
- Oftalmoplastica Roma Rome Italy
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Docetaxel for Breast Cancer Treatment-Side Effects on Ocular Surface, a Systematic Review. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9071086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Docetaxel is a very effective chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of metastatic or locally advanced breast cancer. Epiphora (hyperlacrimation) has been shown to be the most common eye condition in patients receiving docetaxel-based chemotherapy. This symptom does not decrease visual acuity, but decreases the quality of life. Daily activities (reading, working on the computer, watching TV, and so on) are affected, with patients complaining about an alteration of daily life with the appearance of this symptom. The mechanism by which epiphora occurs is considered to be the canalicular stenosis, but the trials on the subject failed to reach statistical significance. The objective of this scoping review is to determine whether there is a treatment regimen-dependent relationship between docetaxel administration and the presence of epiphora in women with breast cancer. The inclusion criteria were met by 10 trials, from which one was excluded owing to data selection biases. Accordingly, nine studies were evaluated quantitatively and qualitatively in the present review. We included subjects with docetaxel as single treatment or docetaxel in combination with other chemotherapy compounds. The occurrence of epiphora among subjects treated with docetaxel, regardless of the therapeutic regimen used, was statistically significant (p = 0.005). The proportion of patients with epiphora after weekly administration of docetaxel (54 out of 131 subjects, 41.22%) was different compared with that of those who received docetaxel at three week intervals (112 out of 325 subjects, 34.15%), but the difference between the two was not statistically significant (p = 0.732). The present study demonstrates that epiphora occurs more frequently in patients receiving weekly docetaxel-based chemotherapy than those taking the three-weekly regimen, but the difference is not statistically significant. Ophthalmologic assessment of all patients starting this treatment is recommended. The causal relationship between canalicular stenosis and epiphora is not fully elucidated as long as this ocular symptom occurs in women who do not have stenosis of the lacrimal system. Further well-designed trials are required to bring new insights into the mechanisms of epiphora pathogenesis in subjects treated with docetaxel.
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Alven S, Aderibigbe BA. The Therapeutic Efficacy of Dendrimer and Micelle Formulations for Breast Cancer Treatment. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E1212. [PMID: 33333778 PMCID: PMC7765183 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12121212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is among the most common types of cancer in women and it is the cause of a high rate of mortality globally. The use of anticancer drugs is the standard treatment approach used for this type of cancer. However, most of these drugs are limited by multi-drug resistance, drug toxicity, poor drug bioavailability, low water solubility, poor pharmacokinetics, etc. To overcome multi-drug resistance, combinations of two or more anticancer drugs are used. However, the combination of two or more anticancer drugs produce toxic side effects. Micelles and dendrimers are promising drug delivery systems that can overcome the limitations associated with the currently used anticancer drugs. They have the capability to overcome drug resistance, reduce drug toxicity, improve the drug solubility and bioavailability. Different classes of anticancer drugs have been loaded into micelles and dendrimers, resulting in targeted drug delivery, sustained drug release mechanism, increased cellular uptake, reduced toxic side effects of the loaded drugs with enhanced anticancer activity in vitro and in vivo. This review article reports the biological outcomes of dendrimers and micelles loaded with different known anticancer agents on breast cancer in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Blessing Atim Aderibigbe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice Campus, Eastern Cape 5700, South Africa;
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Tan G, Uson-Lopez RA, Rahman MM, Hosokawa T, Saito T, Kurasaki M. Myricetin enhances on apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in PC12 cells mediated by mitochondrial signaling pathway. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2018; 57:175-180. [PMID: 29278807 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.12.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Polyphenols have many beneficial effects and an effective disease therapeutic auxiliary drug. Previously, myricetin, a polyphenol, had been reported to possess various biological effects on human physiology. However, mechanism of myricetin on apoptosis induced in PC12 cells is still unclear. PC12 cells were treated with myricetin in two concentration levels comprising 0.1 and 1 μM under serum-free condition. As a result, morphological changes were observed using trypan blue assay. DNA fragmentation was determined by DNA ladder assay to evaluate DNA damage levels. Western blotting results showed that cytosolic cytochrome c which was released from mitochondria. Subsequently, tumor suppressor gene p53, pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 family proteins Bax and Bcl-2 were expressed. The caspase cascade reaction was induced through caspase 3 and 9 expression. From these results, it is suggested that myricetin significantly enhanced the apoptosis induced by serum deprivation in a dose-dependent manner in PC12 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gongxun Tan
- Environmental Adaption Science, Division of Environmental Science Development, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Rachael A Uson-Lopez
- Environmental Adaption Science, Division of Environmental Science Development, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Md Mostafizur Rahman
- Environmental Adaption Science, Division of Environmental Science Development, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Hosokawa
- Research Division of Higher Education, Institute for the Advancement of Higher Education, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0817, Japan
| | - Takeshi Saito
- Laboratory of Environmental Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan
| | - Masaaki Kurasaki
- Environmental Adaption Science, Division of Environmental Science Development, Graduate School of Environmental Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, 060-0810, Japan; Group of Environmental Adaption Science, Faculty of Environmental Earth Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
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Kang S, Seo JW, Sa HS. Cancer-associated epiphora: a retrospective analysis of referrals to a tertiary oculoplastic practice. Br J Ophthalmol 2017; 101:1566-1569. [PMID: 28341695 DOI: 10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-309774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIM To report the underlying causes and treatment outcome of lacrimal drainage obstruction in patients with cancer-associated epiphora. METHODS A single-centre retrospective review was performed for consecutive referrals to an oculoplastic surgeon for cancer-associated epiphora between 2010 and 2016. Charts were reviewed for underlying neoplastic conditions, pharmacy records, radiotherapy records, levels of obstruction of the lacrimal drainage apparatus and treatment methods and outcome. RESULTS Forty-three patients (70 eyes) were included in this study. The most common cause of epiphora was radiotherapy on the head and neck (35%), followed by oral S-1 (33%) and docetaxel (23%). The nasolacrimal duct was the most common obstruction site in patients who underwent radiotherapy (59%), whereas the punctum or canaliculus was mostly affected in patients treated with S-1 (94%) or docetaxel (100%). S-1-treated patients showed severe obstruction of the entire canaliculus (11/24 (46%)) with the lowest success rate at 58% (S-1 vs radiotherapy: p=0.012; S-1 vs docetaxel: p=0.002). Moreover, the patients treated within 1 year after the first symptom showed a significantly higher proportion of symptom improvement (85%) than did those treated after 1 year (27%) in the S-1 group (p=0.011). CONCLUSIONS Cancer-associated epiphora can have various causes. The level of obstruction and treatment outcome vary according to underlying causes, and S-1-associated epiphora and delayed treatment are related to unsatisfactory results. Given the importance of early intervention, oncologists should be alert to tearing symptoms and cooperate with ophthalmologists in the early stages to improve patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunah Kang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ji Won Seo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ilsan Paik Hospital, Inje University College of Medicine, Goyang, Korea
| | - Ho-Seok Sa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
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Evaluation and Management of Chemotherapy-Induced Epiphora, Punctal and Canalicular Stenosis, and Nasolacrimal Duct Obstruction. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2017; 33:9-12. [DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000000745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Ho MY, Mackey JR. Presentation and management of docetaxel-related adverse effects in patients with breast cancer. Cancer Manag Res 2014; 6:253-9. [PMID: 24904223 PMCID: PMC4041377 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s40601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The taxane chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel has been utilized in the management of breast cancer in the adjuvant, neoadjuvant and metastatic setting. Although well tolerated by the majority of patients, docetaxel toxicity may limit the dose which can be administered. Adverse events include infusion reactions, febrile neutropenia, fatigue, fluid retention, pneumonitis, cutaneous and nail toxicity, epiphora and lacrimal duct stenosis, gastrointestinal complications, and neuropathies. In this review, we explore these complications and how they can be effectively managed to improve patient quality of life during and following docetaxel therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Y Ho
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - John R Mackey
- Division of Medical Oncology, Cross Cancer Institute, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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