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Dal Cortivo C, Ferrari M, Visioli G, Lauro M, Fornasier F, Barion G, Panozzo A, Vamerali T. Effects of Seed-Applied Biofertilizers on Rhizosphere Biodiversity and Growth of Common Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) in the Field. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:72. [PMID: 32174929 PMCID: PMC7054350 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In order to reduce chemical fertilization and improve the sustainability of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivation, maintaining at the same time high production and quality standards, this study investigated the effects of three commercial biofertilizers on rhizosphere bacterial biomass, biodiversity and enzymatic activity, and on plant growth and grain yield in a field trial. The wheat seeds were inoculated with the following aiding microrganisms: (i) a bacterial consortium (Azospirillum spp. + Azoarcus spp. + Azorhizobium spp.); and two mycorrhizal fungal-bacterial consortia, viz. (ii) Rhizophagus irregularis + Azotobacter vinelandii, and (iii) R. irregularis + Bacillus megaterium + Frateuria aurantia, and comparisons were made with noninoculated controls. We demonstrate that all the biofertilizers significantly enhanced plant growth and nitrogen accumulation during stem elongation and heading, but this was translated into only small grain yield gains (+1%-4% vs controls). The total gluten content of the flour was not affected, but in general biofertilization significantly upregulated two high-quality protein subunits, i.e., the 81 kDa high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit and the 43.6 kDa low-molecular-weight glutenin subunit. These effects were associated with increases in the rhizosphere microbial biomass and the activity of enzymes such as β-glucosidase, α-mannosidase, β-mannosidase, and xylosidase, which are involved in organic matter decomposition, particularly when Rhizophagus irregularis was included as inoculant. No changes in microbial biodiversity were observed. Our results suggest that seed-applied biofertilizers may be effectively exploited in sustainable wheat cultivation without altering the biodiversity of the resident microbiome, but attention should be paid to the composition of the microbial consortia in order to maximize their benefits in crop cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Dal Cortivo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro-Padua, Italy
| | - Manuel Ferrari
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro-Padua, Italy
| | - Giovanna Visioli
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Marta Lauro
- Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | - Flavio Fornasier
- Research Centre for Viticulture and Enology, Council for Agricultural Research and Analysis of Agricultural Economics (CREA), Gorizia, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Barion
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro-Padua, Italy
| | - Anna Panozzo
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro-Padua, Italy
| | - Teofilo Vamerali
- Department of Agronomy, Food, Natural Resources, Animals and the Environment, University of Padua, Legnaro-Padua, Italy
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Yi Y, Frenzel E, Spoelder J, Elzenga JTM, van Elsas JD, Kuipers OP. Optimized fluorescent proteins for the rhizosphere-associated bacterium Bacillus mycoides with endophytic and biocontrol agent potential. ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY REPORTS 2018; 10:57-74. [PMID: 29195004 DOI: 10.1111/1758-2229.12607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Tracking of fluorescent protein (FP)-labelled rhizobacteria is a key prerequisite to gain insights into plant-bacteria interaction mechanisms. However, the performance of FPs mostly has to be optimized for the bacterial host and for the environment of intended application. We report on the construction of mutational libraries of the superfolder green fluorescent protein sfGFP and the red fluorescent protein mKate2 in the bacterium B. mycoides, which next to its potential as plant-biocontrol agent occasionally enters an endophytic lifestyle. By fluorescence-activated cell sorting and comparison of signal intensities at the colony and single-cell level, the variants sfGFP(SPS6) and mKate (KPS12) with significantly increased brightness were isolated. Their high applicability for plant-bacteria interaction studies was shown by confocal laser scanning microscopy tracking of FP-tagged B. mycoides strains after inoculation to Chinese cabbage plants in a hydroponic system. During the process of colonization, strain EC18 rapidly attached to plant roots and formed a multicellular matrix, especially at the branching regions of the root hair, which probably constitute entrance sites to establish an endophytic lifestyle. The universal applicability of the novels FPs was proven by expression from a weak promoter, dual-labelling of B. mycoides, and by excellent expression and detectability in additional soil- and rhizosphere-associated Bacillus species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanglei Yi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Elrike Frenzel
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Spoelder
- Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - J Theo M Elzenga
- Plant Physiology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Dirk van Elsas
- Microbial Ecology, Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Oscar P Kuipers
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Tanaka Y, Matsuzawa H, Tamaki H, Tagawa M, Toyama T, Kamagata Y, Mori K. Isolation of Novel Bacteria Including Rarely Cultivated Phyla, Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, from the Roots of Emergent Plants by Simple Culturing Method. Microbes Environ 2017; 32:288-292. [PMID: 28740039 PMCID: PMC5606700 DOI: 10.1264/jsme2.me17027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of novel bacteria including members of rarely cultivated phyla, Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia, were successfully isolated from the roots of two emergent plants, Iris pseudacorus and Scirpus juncoides, by a simple culturing method. A total of 47.1% (66 strains) for I. pseudacorus and 42.1% (59 strains) for S. juncoides of all isolates (140 strains from each sample) were phylogenetically novel. Furthermore, Acidobacteria and Verrucomicrobia occupied 10.7% (15 strains) and 2.9% (4 strains) of I. pseudacorus isolates, and 2.1% (3 strains) and 3.6% (5 strains) of S. juncoides isolates, respectively, indicating that plant roots are attractive sources for isolating rarely cultivated microbes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuhiro Tanaka
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Yamanashi
| | - Hiroaki Matsuzawa
- International Research Centre for River Basin Environment, University of Yamanashi
| | | | | | - Tadashi Toyama
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Yamanashi
| | | | - Kazuhiro Mori
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Yamanashi
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Figala J, Vranová V, Rejšek K, Formánek P. Giant miscanthus (Miscantus × Giganteus Greef Et Deu.) - A Promising Plant for Soil Remediation: A Mini Review. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201563062241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Vranová V, Kaňová H, Rejšek K, Formánek P. Dominant amino acids, organic acids and sugars in water-soluble root exudates of C 4 plants: a mini-review. ACTA UNIVERSITATIS AGRICULTURAE ET SILVICULTURAE MENDELIANAE BRUNENSIS 2014. [DOI: 10.11118/actaun201058050441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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Weyens N, van der Lelie D, Taghavi S, Newman L, Vangronsveld J. Exploiting plant–microbe partnerships to improve biomass production and remediation. Trends Biotechnol 2009; 27:591-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2009.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 06/26/2009] [Accepted: 07/02/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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